高中英语宾语从句讲解极其练习题

1、宾语从句极其练习题,名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 .1 引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词： that, whether ,if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：when, where, how, why 宾语从句 1 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。2

2、 构成：关联词+简单句3 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：(1) 从属连词that。如：He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。1 Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。)大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。,2I know

3、nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。)对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 3That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. (that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。)我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。4 We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句谓语动

4、词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。)鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。(2)从属连词if/whether。如：I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。I dont know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。如：Who or what he was, Martin never learned.他是什么人？他是干什么

5、的？马丁根本不知道。I wonder what hes writing to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。Ill tell you why I asked you to come. 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。(1) 介词宾语从句宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。,解释： 1如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：We thou

6、ght it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。He has made it clear that he will not give in.他已表明他不会屈服。2作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如：He is a good student except that he is careless.他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。You may rely on it th

7、at I shall help you. 你可以指望我会帮助你的。介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如：Are you sorry for what youve done?你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？3某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连词that可省略。如：I am not sure what I ought to do.我不能确定我该做什么。Im afraid you dont understand what I

8、 said.恐怕你没领会我说的意思。Im surprised that I didnt see all that before.我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。,4连词whether (or not)或if引导的宾语从句if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。如：I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。用if引导宾语从句如果会

9、引起歧义，应避免使用if而用wheter。试比较：Please let me know if you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。5宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如：I dont think you are right. 我认为你错了。I dont bel

10、ieve they have finished their work yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。I dont suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意，是吗？6 宾语从句的时态变化规律：(1) 当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。(2) 当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。 .主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。,动词的宾语从句 大多数动词都可以带宾语从句 We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are str

11、onger. 我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮. He told us that they would help us through the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的. 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句 I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了. Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗? 动词

12、短语也可以带宾语从句 常见的这些词有: make sure确保 make up ones mind下决心 keep in mind牢记 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误. 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot wat

13、er every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的. I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together. 我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.,有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it 这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to. I hate it when they with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话. He will have it that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行. We

14、take it that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的. When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral. 开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置. 若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替 We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的. We discovered what we had learned to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.

15、,三、介词的宾语从句 用wh-类的介词宾语从句 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部. The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space. 这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的. 用that,if引导的介词宾语从句 有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句 I know nothing about my new n

16、eighbor except that he used to work with a company. 对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知. 四、形容词的宾语从句 常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the exam. 我确信我会通过考试. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你. He is glad that Li Ming w

17、ent to see him when he was ill. 他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.,五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别 if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether. whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以. 在不定式前只能用whether. （如：I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。） 避免歧异时,我们常用whethe

18、r而不用if. 六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that 当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时; 当宾语从句较长时; 当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时; 当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时; 当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略; 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时; 当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时; 当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时; 当宾语从句有it做其先行词时; 在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语

19、从句隔开时.,七、宾语从句的否定转移 宾语从句的反意疑问句 主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致. I dont think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he wont come to my party. 我认为他不会来我的舞会. I dont believe that man is killed by Jim,is he? 我认为那个人不是Ji

20、m所杀的,是不是? 如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式. We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he? 我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是? 八、宾语从句的时态和语序 当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响. 当主句为过去时 从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生 I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didnt know what country he w

21、as in. 我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家. He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in. 他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读.,从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前 He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already. 他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary. 从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后 The reporter asked if the governm

22、ent would take necessary measures to put down the to-do. 记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱. 如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday. 老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转. 当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首 Who do you think the public might choose

23、as their favorite singer this year? 你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.,学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.连接词 1从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 2从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在 whether or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。 3从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 2.判断时态情况： 1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。 2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观

24、事实，用一般现在时。 3.宾语从句的用法 1.that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外： （1）介词宾语从句的that不省略 （2） and连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略。 He told me that he had two sons and that they both had gone to college. （3）在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that不省略。 I heard it said that he had gone abroad We found it impossible that he could finish i

25、t in such a short time 2.Whether ,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外： （1）whether从句中有or not （2）whether从句做介词宾语 Everything depends on whether you agree with us,3.许多带复合宾语的句子，宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it做形式宾语。结构常是： 主语+动词+it+形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句 We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone 4.宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序 False: He is wonde

26、ring when can he finish this difficult job. Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。 Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible. Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours. Bad: He

27、left whether we should continue this project to my judgment. Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project. C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 Bad: I think he doesnt like the English teacher. Good: I dont think he likes the English teacher. D 主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；具体细节请看第一部分。 False: He

28、 wanted to know why he is crying in the corner. Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.,（3）运用虚拟语气的情况 在表示： 建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request； 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should）+v（虚拟语气） eg I suggested that you（should）study hard He

29、 ordered that we should go out at once （4）宾语从句后置情况 如果宾语从句后有宾语补语，用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置 egYou may think it strange that he would live there,A. would rather 意为 “宁愿”， that 从句动词用Ved表示还不是事实 1. Would you rather (that) she came to see me? 2. I would rather you posted the letter right away. B在动词 wish 后，表示不太可能实现的愿

30、望；如果指现在或将来的愿望，从句的动词用Ved; 如果指过去，从句用had + Ved; 主句中的wish的时态不影响从句中的动词的虚拟语气形式 1. I wish (that) I were an actor. 2. I wish I knew more about the history. 3. I wish I had been to Tibet. 4. He wished his girl friend were there. 5. She wished she hadnt done it. 由wish引导的宾语从句，谓语动词有might或would加动词原形，可表示有可能实现的愿望；

31、如： 1. I wish she might go to the concert with us. 2. She wishes you would help her with her lessons. * 在hope后的从句中，要用陈述句语气；如： I hope (that) she will arrive on time. C.在 insist; order, command; suggest, propose, advise; ask, request, require, demand; desire 等动词后，宾语从句的谓语动词用should + 动词原形表示，should 可以省略，只

32、用动词原形（用于所有人称1.He suggested that we should invite him. 2.I demand that he should go there now. 3.She insisted that he should stay for supper. 4.The officer commanded that the soldiers march on that night.,5.I propose that him be our monitor. 6.We requested that we hold a meeting immediately. 7.She de

33、sires that we should wait for her. （3）当 suggest意为“表明，说明”时，从句谓语动词用陈述语气； （4）insist跟从句，有时谓语动词也可用别种形式； She insisted that she heard somebody in the house. 坚持说 Father insisted that his daughter was seriously ill and （should）be sent to hospital无冠词） immediately/ at once/right now. The task/work requires tha

34、t she (should)be/reach/arrive/get there before 5 oclock. The old professor ordered that the experiment (should) be finished/completed before 6. What do you think we should do with the polluted water? How do you think we should deal with the polluted water? Who do you suggest (should) be sent to work

35、? Who do you suggest (不能再加that)go to work? Julia wants to know/ wonders whether youll go to the concert tomorrow. If it rains, wed rather play video games at home. Id rather you hadnt told him our secret. Id rather you didnt tell him our secret until (you are)allowed to. -Do you work in the lab ever

36、y afternoon? -No, but sometimes I wish I had time to.,(1) I dont know _or not. A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home (2) This depends on _ the weather is fine. A. which B. whether C. if D. that (3) The teacher asked the new student _ class he was

37、 in. A. which B. where C. if D. that (4) I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. Hell help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where (5) - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said? David? - Yes, Mum A. what B. that C. why D. if (6) - Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is?

38、 - He may live at NO.18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _. A.where, which B. where, what C. what, which D. what, where (7) There is not much difference between the two. I really dont know _. A. what should I choose B. which I should choose C. which should I choose D. what I should choose,

39、(1) Did you find out _? A. she was looking for whose child B. whose child was she looking for C. whose child she is looking for D. whose child she was looking for (2) Are you interested in _? A. how did he do it B. he did it how C. how he did it D. he how did it (3) I dont know _. Can you tell me? A

40、. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are (4) - What did the scientist say? - He said he wondered if _ into space by spaceship one day. A. he had to fly B. he could fly C. can he fly D. could he fly (5) Excuse me, sir.

41、Could you tell me _? A. Where the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where （6）She asked Tom _ with his car? A. what the matter was B. what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what is the matter,(1) Its 7:30. I cant believe you_ cooking d

42、inner yet, Sally. A. havent started B. didnt C. dont start D. hadnt started (2) The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 _ Christmas Day. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be (3)The teacher said that the earth _round the sun. A. goes B. go C. went D. will go (4) We d like to tell you that you _

43、the exam. A. have passed B. had passed C. pass D. will pass (5)“Could you tell me_?” “ Yes. They _ to the library.” A. where are the twins, have been B. where were the twins, have been C. where the twins are, have gone D, where the twins were, have gone (6) Our father said that he _ a new computer n

44、ext week. A. will buy B. have bought C. would buy D. buys (7)I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterday. A. goes B. will go C. went D. have gone,(1)I dont think he is right,_? Aisnt he Bis he Cdo I Ddont I (2). He believes she is right, _? Adoesnt he Bdoes he Cis she Disnt she (3).I thought that he disli

45、ked playing football,_? Adidnt he Bdid he Cdid I Ddidnt I (4). I find _ important that we practice English every day. A. it B. this C. that D. what (5). You cant imagine _when they received the nice gift. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how exc

46、ited 1What did you parents think about your decision? They always let me do _ I think I should. （06 全国） A. when B. that C. how D. what 2. Please remind me _ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. A. where B. when C. how D. what （06 全国） 3. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed

47、to win the game. （05全国卷） Awhy Bwhat Cwho Dthat 4Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see_.（2000 上海） A .who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 5. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you consider _to her?（NMET 1990） A. was happening B. to happen C .has happened D. happening,

48、( ) 1. I dont know _. A. what does he like best B. what he like best C. what he does like best D. what he likes best ( ) 2. Can you tell me _? A where she lives B. where does she live C. she lives where D. where she live ( ) 3. He asked me _. A. what time is it B. what time it is C. what time was it

49、 D. what time it was ( ) 4. Do you know _? A. how much did it cost B. how much it did cost C. how much it cost D. how much does it cost ( ) 5. The man asked her _. A, why did she do it B. why she did it C why she does D. why does she do it ( ) 6. Nobody knows _. A, when will she come back B. when sh

50、e come back C, when she will come back D. when does she come back ( ) 7. Mum asked _. A. where he was B, where was he C. where he is D. where is he ( ) 8. Do you know _? A. what they are looking for B. what are they looking for C, they are looking for what D. what do they look for,() 9. The teacher

51、asked _. A, who can answer this question B. who could answer the question C. what question did she ask D. she answered this question ( ) 10. I asked her _. A. whether he has been to Australia B. whether has he been to Australia C. whether he had been to Australia D. whether he goes to Australia ( )

52、11. The teacher told us _. that light traveled faster than sound B. if light traveled faster than sound. C. that light travels faster than sound D. if light travels faster than sound ( ) 12. He said that _. A. he is doing his homework B. he does his homework C. he was doing his homework D. he do his

53、 homework ( ) 13. I asked him _. A. where did he go B. where he went C. where does he go D. where he did go ( ) 14. -Excuse me, could you tell me _get to the plane ? -Certainly. Go straight alone here. A. how can we B. how we can C. when can we D. when we can ( ) 15. Do you know _he will ride here a

54、t 8 tomorrow morning ? A. when B. where C. whether D. how ( ) 16. -Can you tell me why _? -Because I want to help the people there. A. do you go to Tibet(西藏) B. did you go to Tibet C. are you going to Tibet D. you are going to Tibet,( ) 17. Do you know _? A. what time does the train leave B. what ti

55、me leaves the train C. what time the train leave D. what time the train leaves ( ) 18. Did he tell you _at the school gate ? A. who he waited for B. who he is waiting C. who did he wait for D. who he was waiting ( ) 19. Could you tell me _? A. who is he B. wheres the nearest restaurant C. if he will come tomorrow D. which way is to the underground station ( ) 20. -Do you know _? -Sorry. I dont know. You may ask the woman over there. A. when the shop opens B. when is the shop open C. when does the shop open D. when will the shop open ( ) 21. I dont feel well. Mum asked me _-this morni