句子的五种基本句型结构PPT课件

1、.,1,Unit5Grammar(1),.,2,SVVtVilvOP,Subject主语Verb谓语动词Transitiveverb及物动词Intransitiveverb不及物动词Linkingverb连系动词Object宾语Predicative表语,.,3,?,Guessingthebirds,.,4,Birdwatching,1.Agoldeneagleisflying.,.,5,Birdwatching,2.Acraneeatsfish.,.,6,Birdwatching,3.ASwanhasalongthinneck.,.,7,Birdwatching,4.Aswallowhasa

2、forkedtail.,.,8,2.Acraneeatsfish.3.ASwanhasalongthinneck.4.Aswallowhasaforkedtail.,1.Agoldeneagleisflying.,Subject(主语),S动作发出者,Verb（谓语）,V动作本身,DirectObject（宾语）,DO动作接受者,1.S+V主语+谓语主谓结构,2.S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语主谓宾结构,Vi不及物动词,后面没有宾语,Vt及物动词,后面必须有宾语,.,9,SV和SVO的注意点,1.Theyarerunning.2.Jimcandraw.3.Thebabypandasdrinkmil

3、k.4.WewillreadEnglish.,rundrawvi.(不及物动词）,drinkreadvt.（及物动词）,注意:1.谓语(V)具有各种不同时态;进行时；情态动词；现在时；以及将来时2.在句中先找主语subject再找谓语部分如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。其后有没有宾语是S+V和S+V+O判断标志3.如果对宾语提问使用疑问词what.,Whatdobabypandasdrink?Whatwillweread?,1.S+V,1.S+V+O,.,10,动词+todo:learn/prepare/wouldlike/need/have/try/want/

4、hope/plan/agree/choose/decide这就是我们常见的动词+todo句型动词+doingsth:mind/finish/practise这就是我们常见的动词+doing句型动词+宾语从句:think/believe/besure/beafraid/say/know/find,Thegovernmentwantstoprotecttheendangeredbirds.,S,V,O,Iwillfinishdoinghomeworksoon.,S,V,O,Ithinkthatyoucandothejob.,S,V,O,.,11,.,12,Ilikethegoldeneagle.,

5、Ithasahookedbeak.,Itlooksstrong.,Itislovely.,linkingverbs(系动词),V,1.S+V(lv)+P主语+谓语(系动词)+表语主系表结构,三类系动词,表语三成分,.,13,1Themanisinthepark.2Helookskind.3Heisakindman.4Thesingingofbirdssoundsbeautiful.5Theworldwillbecomebetter.,lv,lv,lv,lv,lv,P（介词短语）,P（adj）,P(adj),P（n名词短语）,P(adj形容词比较级),表语P成分可以出现形容词，名词，介词短语(形

6、名介),.,14,常见的连系动词1.表示感觉的动词5个-必须翻译为起来feel感到excited;smellgood;tastedelicious;soundinteresting;lookhappy2.表示变化的动词6个：有固定的搭配getsmaller;growolder;becomestronger;turnyellow;gobad;cometrue3.表示状态保持的动词：stayhealthy;keepwarm;remain保持be(am,is.are,was,were)是；seem似乎,必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊的含义时才是系动词。,.,15,易考的混淆点一Thefo

7、odtastes_(delicious).S+V(lv)+PIwilltastethefood_(good).S+V(Vt)+OHisfatherlooked_(angry)S+V(lv)+PHisfatherlooked_(angry)athim.S+V(Vi+介词)+O,delicious,well,angry,angrily,1三类专门词，而且表达这种特殊含义才是系动词。有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性,.,16,易考的混淆点一1Helooks_becausehissonislooking_atthebird.Ahappy,happilyBhappily,happilyChappily

8、,happyDhappily,happy_,hecanstayinHongkongfortwodays.However,afterheheardgoodnews,hestayedvery_.ALuckily;calmBLucky;calmCLucky;calmlyDLuckily;calmly,A,1三类专门词，而表达特殊的含义才是系动词。有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性,A,.,17,易考的混淆点二1Thefoodtastes_AgoodBwell2Weshouldstay_duringtheearthquake.AcalmBcalmly3Theyoungboybecomes_Amorea

9、ndmoresurprisedadjBmoreandmoresurprisedlyadvCmoreandmoresurprisen,good,calm,A,2只有形容词名词介词短语才能去做系动词后面的表语，要根据含义上确定动词是不是系动词。,.,18,Sheoftenlaughs.2.Sheislaughingnow.3.Shewilllaughsoon.4.Sheissinginghappily.Sheissingingasong.Sheisasinger.Sheishappy.,(S+V+O),(S+V),(S+V),(S+V),(S+V),区分进行时态和SVP中lv是Be动词的情况,注意

10、:1现在进行时的谓语与主系表结构有区别:关键要看be动词后接的是实义动词ing形式还是表语(形名介).,(S+V+P),Happilyadv修饰动词singvi,Asong是名词做宾语singvt,asinger名词表语happy形容词表语,一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时,谓语(V)具有各种不同时态,.,19,竞赛加分开始,.,20,Judgethefollowingsentences(TorF):,1.Millieissleeping.SV2.Anniskind.SV3.Theideasoundsgreat.SVP4.AmyisreadingEnglish.SVDO,T,F,T,Anni

11、skind.SVP,T,.,21,Zhalonglooksbeautiful.Wecanseemanybirds.Somepeoplearewatchingbirds.Theyarebirdwatchers.Birdwatchingisinteresting.,S,V,S,DO,P,S,V,V,P,DO,S,V,S,V,P,分析句型结构,.,22,1.Birdsfly.,2.Helooksyoung.,3.Hesawabirdinthetree.,4.Ittastesnice.,V,P,DO,P,eg:Aswanisswimming.,判断划线部分属于什么成分,V,.,23,OIODOOC,O

12、bject宾语Indirectobject间接宾语Directobject直接宾语Objectcomplement宾语补足语,S+V+DO+OC主谓宾补结构和S+V+IO+DO主谓双宾结构,.,24,WecallthemanDavid.,azookeeper,OC(宾补),ObjectComplement,OC,Imakehimangry.,Hetellsustoprotectthebirds,David,S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补,.,25,Wecall,theman,David,1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间

13、可否加be动词,S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补,theman,is,David,此处为名词宾补,可接名词宾补的动词有call/make/name/find,.,26,Imake,him,angry,1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词,主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补,He,is,此处为形容词宾补,可接形容词宾补的动词有keep/make/find,.,27,Weofenfind,him,inthezoo,1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词,

14、主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补,He,is,此处为介短宾补,可接介短宾补的动词有keep/leave/find,.,28,Hetells,us,toprotectthebirds,1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况就是我们常见的动词+sb+todo词组,主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补,此处为动词不定式做宾补,.,29,Hetellsustoprotectthebirds.,常见的可接不定式宾补的动词有：tell,ask,want,wouldlike,wish,teach,inviteV+O+OC(Vsbtodosth),Mydeskmateoftenmakesm

15、elaugh.,常见的可接动词原形宾补的动词有：have,let,make,使让词see,hear,find,feel,watch感觉类动词V+O+OC(Vsbdosth),Hekeepsmeworrying.,常见的可接doing宾补的动词有：Keep和see,hear,feel,watch,find感觉类动词V+O+OC(Vsbdoingsth),.,30,IoftenhearDavid_whenIstayathome,butyesterdayIwasveryangrybecauseIheardhim_inhisroomatmidnight.Asing;sangBsinging;singi

16、ngCsing;singingDsing;sing2Youcankeep_everydaytokeep_.AexercisehealthyBexercisinghealthyCexercisinghealthilyDexercisehealthy,C,感官类动词用动词原形和动词ing形式做宾补含义不同,B,.,31,S+V+O+OC（如果是形名介做宾补）判断标准是能否在O和OC之间加Be动词构成主系表结构宾补和表语一样都是形名介S+V+O+OC（如果是动词结构做宾补）判断标准是能否找出动词(V)+sb(O)+todosth结构动词(V)+sb(O)+dosth结构动词(V)+sb(O)+doi

17、ngsth结构,.,32,1Ifindyouclever.2Wewillmakeourcountrystrongerandstronger.3Theycankeepthezooclean.4Parentswishtheirchildrentostudyhard.5Weoftenmaketheteachershelpus.,DO,DO,DO,DO,DO,OC(adj),OC形容词比较级,OCadj,OCtodo不定式,OC动词原形,常考的主谓宾补句型：,.,33,itwasinteresingtolearnEnglish.,一个非常特殊的句型IfounditinteresingtolearnEn

18、glish.,这个句子在含义上等于:IfounditwasinteresingtolearnEnglish.,形式主语简称形主,真正主语简称真主,考点一：时态一致性,.,34,Ifound_importanttogetreadyforthecomingexamination.AitsBitsCitwasDthat,C,Ifoundthatitwasimportanttoget=Ifound(that)itwasimportanttoget以上两句是主谓宾从SVO中O宾语从句=Ifounditimportanttoget上句是主谓宾补答案可以是ititwasits=itis不对,考点一：时态一致

19、性,.,35,Hewasveryinteresting.,Wefoundhimveryinteresting.,这个句子在含义上等于:Wefoundhewasveryinteresting.,考点二：主格宾格,.,36,Wethought_clever.AsheBsheisCherDherwas,C,Wethought(that)shewasclever.上句是主谓宾从she用主格Wethoughtherclever.上句是主谓宾补her用宾格答案可以是shewas而非herwas也可是her而非she,考点一：时态一致性,.,37,weshouldntgiveanyfood.,thebird

20、s,S,V,DO（直接宾语)Directobject,IO(间接宾语),IndirectObject,Hetellsmesomerules.,S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间宾+直宾句型简称主谓双宾结构,.,38,Zhalonggives,Ipass,Hebought,birds,anidealhome,him,abook,hisson,apresent.,to,to,for,IO?有生命的名词(人或动物）sbDO?没有生命的名词（事物）sth双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for,S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+双宾（直接宾语+间接宾语）,.,39,1give

21、memoney2passmeaball3showmeyourwatch4sellmethebook5sendhimaletter6teachherEnglish7tellmeastory8lendmeyoureraser,1buymeapresent2makemedamplings3cookhermeals,1givemoneytome2passaballtome3showyourwatchtome4sellthebooktome5sendalettertohim6teachEnglishtoher7tellastorytome8lendyourerasertome,to型双宾语结构,for型

22、双宾语结构,1buyapresentforme2makedamplingsforme3cookmealsforher,.,40,几个特殊句型Readabookforme为我读一本书Readabooktome读一本书给我听Bringamapforme为我去带一幅地图Bringamaptome带来一幅地图给我,.,41,S+V+IO+DOorS+V+DO+OC?,Theypassedussomeapples.Theshopkeepersoldmearuler.WenamethepandaXiwang.Theteacheroftenmakesuslaugh.,S+V+IO+DO,S+V+IO+DO,

23、S+V+DO+OC,S+V+DO+OC,passed,sold,name,makes,主谓双宾语结构判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for,主谓宾补结构判断标准是能否在O和OC之间加Be动词构成主系表结构或则找出Verb+sbtodo等动词宾补结构,.,42,Linkingverb,逻辑上的主系表关系,forto,.,43,1.S+V.2.S+V+P.3.S+V+O.4.S+V+IO+DO.5.S+V+O+OC.,主+谓,主+谓+宾,主+系+表,主+谓+宾+宾补,主+谓+双宾,特别注意的要点：1谓语动词V成分，是包含时态和情态动词的2及物动词和不及物动词的标志是后面可否接宾语3S

24、+V+P结构中的V是l-v系动词有保持型，变化型和感觉型三种4S+V+P结构中的表语有名词，形容词，介词短语5双宾语结构中有两个宾语，标准是可否转换为to型和for型句型结构6主谓宾补结构判断标准是在O和OC中间可否加be动词转换为主系表结构OC和P相似有形名介三种,.,44,1PeoplecallZhalongBirdsHome.2Thegovernmentbuiltthenaturereserve.3Thesparrowisflying.4Thereservegiveswildlifeanidealhome.5Thecranelooksbeautiful.6Thestudentsareco

25、untingthebirds.7Sandythoughtherselfagoodbirdwatcher.8Ifoundthearticleonwildlifeinteresting.,S+V+DO+OCS+V+DOS+VS+V+IO+DOS+V+PS+V+DOS+V+DO+OCS+V+DO+OC,P81A,.,45,竞赛加分开始,.,46,3Manyboysarerunning.,1Ifeelexcited.,4HegaveTomapresent.,5Ifinditinteresting.,6Musicsoundsbeautiful.,7Iamastudent.,8Sheboughtapenf

26、orme.,9Isawherdance.,2TheyarewatchingTV.,1S+V+P,2S+V+DO,3S+V,4S+V+IO+DO,5S+V+P,6S+V+P,7S+V+P,8S+V+IO+DO,9S+V+DO+OC,10.IcallhimLiMing.,10S+V+DO+OC,.,47,Hegavemeabook.,HecallsmeTom.,5.WecallthepandaXiWang.,3.Ifounditimportant.,1.Lilybringsmeapresent.,2.PeoplecallZhalongBirdsHome.,4.Zhalongbringsthewil

27、dlifeanidealhome.,6.Shethoughttheswanbeautiful.,Playagame,eg:,.,48,5.MarygaveSandyabook.SVP6.TheycallmeTom.SVIODO,F,F,MarygaveSandyabook.SVIODO,TheycallmeTom.SVDOoc,.,49,Itwasafineday.OurclasswenttoZhalongtogether.Zhalongwasanaturereserve.Wesawmanybirdsflyinthesky.Theylookedbeautiful.Butthekeepertol

28、dussomerules.Heaskedustoprotectthewildlifeandweshouldntgiveanyfoodtobirds.Ifoundthetripinteresting.,Afterbirdwatching,Adiary,.,50,Adiary,Itwasafineday.OurclasswenttoZhalongtogether.Zhalongwasanaturereserve.Wesawmanybirdsflyinthesky.Theylookedbeautiful.Butthekeepertoldussomerules.Heaskedustoprotectth

29、ewildlifeandweshouldntgiveanyfoodtobirds.Ifoundthetripinteresting.,Afterbirdwatching,.,51,Thankyou!,.,52,.,53,1Tom的父亲正在愤怒地朝他喊叫。是什么使得他如此生气呢？2Tom过去认为我当时不高兴。3我发现他们是真正的爱鸟者。我经常看见他们喂他们的鸟。4他是一个歌手而且他正在唱一首歌。5我经常听见David在家里唱歌，但是昨天我听见他在半夜唱歌。6你可以持续锻炼来保持健康。,1Tomsfatherisshoutingathimangrily.Whatmakeshimsoangry？,3

30、Ifindthemrealbirdlovers.Ifind(that)theyarerealWeoftenseethemfeedtheirpetbirds.,2Tomthought(that)Iwasunhappythen.Tomthoughtmeunhappythen.,4Heisasingerandheissingingasongnow.,5IoftenhearDavidsingathome,butyesterdayIheardhimsingingmidnight.,6Youcankeepexercisingtokeephealthy,.,54,.,55,Thebirdwatchertho

31、ughthimselfverylucky.Thenaturereservegivesthebirdsaperfectplacetolive.Thepeoplewerehapy.Birdsfly.Theboysavedararebird.,S+V+DO+OC,S+V+IO+DO,S+V+P,S+V,S+V+DO课本P81,.,56,6.Shespokeverysoftly.7.HeboughtaT-shirt.8.JaynamedhisdogBobby.9.Shelookslovely.10.HegaveMaryapresent.,(S+V+IO+DO.),(S+V.),(S+V+DO.),(S+V+DO+OC.),(S+V+P.),I.Givetherightsentencestructures.,II.FinishtheexerciseofPartAonPage81.,.,57,Shelaughed.2.HeboughtaT-shirt.3.Wemustkeeptheclassroomlean.4.Shelookslove