PronounsPPT课件

1、-,1,Pronouns1.PronounReference（代词照应）A.PersonalReference人称照应DemonstrativeReference指示照应-CrimeauthorAgathaChristiewrotealotofbooksandplaysinherlifetime.Theyarestillsellingverywelltoday,overthirtyyearsafterherdeath.-Hemarriedoneofhisstudents,andthis/thatwasknowntousall.,-,2,B.AnaphoricReference后照应Crimea

2、uthorAgathaChristiewrotealotofbooksandplaysinherlifetime.CataphoricReference前照应Whenhewasatcollege,Alexwasagreatfriendofmine.SituationalReference语境照应Hemarriedoneofhisstudents,andthis/thatwasknowntousall.,-,3,2.PronounconcordwiththeantecedentA.Pronounconcordinnumbereg.Thewomeninthecommitteeexpressedth

3、eiropinionsforcefully.Tomspoketohismother,butshedidnthearhim.B.Pronounconcordingender,-,4,C.Pronounconcordinpersona.Pron.concordinpersonwithAntecedent-Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnesstowardstheirchildren.-Caswellpulledmetothehotelbarroomandyelledforawaiter.Weordereddrinks.Whilewedrank,het

4、alkedcontinuouslyabouthimself,hisfamily,hiswifeandherfamily.,-,5,b.Pron.concordinpersoninatextWeareallbornintothisworldasequals,butforvariousreasons,notallpeoplearetreatedasequals.Thisinequalitybeginswhenyoureachtheageoffive,forthatiswhenyouwillenterelementaryschool.Inschool,thechildisnolonger“Mommy

5、sdarling.”younowhavetoproveyourselftotheotherchildrenandalsotoyourteacher.Ifoneseemsdifferentfromtheotherstudents,theyaretreateddifferently,andthesedifferencescouldbeanything:pants,shoes,speech,religion,andsoforth.Itreallydoesntmatter.Yetrightfromthestart,youthinkthataslongasyouaredifferent,thereiss

6、omethingwrongwithyou.,-,6,Weareallbornintothisworldasequals,butforvariousreasons,notallpeople(allofus)aretreatedasequals.Thisinequalitybeginswhenyou(we)reachtheageoffive,forthatiswhenyou(we)willenterelementaryschool.Inschool,thechild(weare)isnolonger“Mommysdarling.”You(We)nowhavetoproveyourself(ours

7、leves)totheotherchildrenandalsotoyour(our)teacher.,-,7,Ifone(weseem)seemsdifferentfromtheotherstudents,they(we)aretreateddifferently,andthesedifferencescouldbeanything:pants,shoes,speech,religion,andsoforth.It(They)reallydoesntmatter.Yetrightfromthestart,you(we)thinkthataslongasyou(we)aredifferent,t

8、hereissomethingwrongwithyou(us).,-,8,3.ClassificationofPronounsPersonalPronounPossessivepronounSelf/ReflexivepronounReciprocalPronoun(oneanother,eachother)DemonstrativePronounInterrogativePronoun(who,what,which)ConjunctivePronoun(who,whose,what)RelativePronoun(that,who,whose,which)IndefinitePronoun,

9、-,9,4.PersonalPronounIyouhesheit/weyoutheymeyouhimherit/usyouthema.ObjectivePron.b:nobody)nobody=noone(sb.)nobody:unimportantperson,-,29,B.nothing,nonea.Theres_ontheblackboard.b.Ofhisthreesons,_likesliterature.c._ofthelettershavebeenanswered.d.Whatsontheblackboard?_.e.Howmanystudentsareintheroom?_.f

10、.Howmuchpetrolisleft?_.a.nothingb.nonec.noned.nothinge.nonef.none,-,30,nothing(sth.);none(sb.orsth.)nothingwhatnonehowmany/howmuch,-,31,7.3each,every,everyone/everybodya.each-2/sb.orsth./n.“every”cant.eg.Theyeachhavetwotickets.Theyhaveeachtoldmethesamestory.Theywereeachsentencedtothirtydays.Everybod

11、ylookedafterhimself/themselves.Each/Everyoneofthestudentsshouldhavehis/theirownbooks.,-,35,7.4other,anotherA.othera.other+n.(sin./pl.;count./uncount.)eg.Othermembersmaynotliketheidea.Anyotherstudentwilldo.Writeyouransweroneveryotherline.Wehavenootherbusinessthismorning.,-,36,b.other/others=n.eg.Ofth

12、etwoapplicantsoneisastudentandtheotheratextileworker.MaryandIgothomeby7oclockbutnottheothers.(=therest)Begoodtoothers.(泛指:otherpeople),-,37,B.anothera.another+n.(sin.)eg.Letmehaveanothertry.Shehadanothercupoftea.Wehaveanothertwomeetingsthisweek.,-,38,b.Ifyouvealreadyseenthatfilm,wecangoandseeanother

13、.Isthisanotherofschemestomakemoney?Idontlikethese.Haveyouanyothers/more?Pleaseletmeseesomeothers/more.another=n.(*pl:some/anyothers/more),-,39,7.5many,mucha.innegativesentencesandquestions.eg.Therearenotmanybusesonthisroute.Weretheremanypeopleatthereception?Wehaventpaidmuchattentiontoit.Didyouhavemu

14、chsnowlastwinter?,-,40,QuantifiersInthepositivesentence:many=alarge/great/goodnumberof;numerousmuch=agreat/largeamountof;agreatdealofmany/much=alotof,lotsof,plentyof,-,41,b.“many”&“much”inapositivesentenceb/1.Idoubtwhethertherewillbemanypeopleattheshowonthisrainyday.Noonecantellwhethertherewillbemuc

15、hargumentonthecase.b/1.in“whether/if”clause,-,42,b/2.Manyteachersuseaudio-visualaidsintheirlanguageclasses.Muchworkhastobedonebeforetheplantgoesintooperation.b/2.atthebeginningofasentence,-,43,b/3.Wehadtoomuchrainthissummer.Youusedtoomanybigwordsinyourcomposition.Wecanletyouhaveasmanycopiesasyouneed

16、.Itsunimaginablethathehassomuchstrengthathisage.b/3.after“so,too,as,how”,-,44,8.RelativePronounwhowhomwhosewhichthat关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语、表语,-,45,RelativeAdverb,时间,时间状语,地点,地点状语,原因,原因状语,关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。,-,46,1.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_Iknow.A.itB.whereC.thatD.which2.YourteacherofChines

17、eisayounglady_comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose3.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what,-,47,4.Whatsthenameoftheman_?A.youborrowedhiscarB.whichcaryouborrowedC.whosecaryouborrowedD.hiscaryouborrowed5.Isthistheveryschool_theforeignersvisitedtheotherday?6.Isthisschool_theforei

18、gnersvisitedtheotherday?7.Thisistheschool_westudiedtogethertenyearsago.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.where,that,theone,where,-,48,8.Hesgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why9.Isthisthefactory_heworksnow?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone10.Isitinthatfacto

19、ry_“RedFlag”carsareproduced?A.inwhichB.whereC.whichD.that,-,49,11.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where12.Thereason_Mandelaisagreatmanisthathegainsequalrightsforblackpeople.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.forthat13.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss

20、,_cameasasurprise.A.whichB.thatC.itD.he,-,50,14.Iusuallytakefrotywinksafterlunch,_ismyhabit.A.asB.thatC.asitD.whichit15.Thestructureisverycomplicated,_showninthefuture.A.asB.whichC.thatD.thatis16.Thetelephone_wastheinventionofAlexanderGrahamBell.A.asisknownbyusB.asdoweknowitC.asweknowitD.asweknow,-,

21、51,“that”ispreferredinthefollowing:1.当先行词是不定代词all,much,little,none,something,everything,anything,nothing,theoneDoyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.2.当先行词前面被theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all等词修饰时:ThisistheverypersonthatImwaitingfor.Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomuchmoney.,-,52,3.当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时：Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.ThisisthemostintersetingfilmthatIveeverseen.4.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时：ThistrainisthefirstthatwillgotoSuzhou.Whatisthefir