热点06 个人感悟及计划愿望（阅读理解之完形填空题）（解析版）

热点06个人感悟及计划愿望阅读理解之完形填空题文体特点:完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构和习惯用法等，又考查学生逻辑推理能力。能力要求：1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。

命题规律:基本考点：以实词为主，侧重对动词（短语）、名词和形容词的考查。重点在上下文语境理解上，词汇运用次之。每小题给出的单词多为同一类词。所设的选项更具有干扰性，更加强调对语境的考查。核心考点：逻辑推理，把考查的重点放在理解全文、通篇考虑、掌握大意、注重关联等方面。【应试技巧】（一）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。（二）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。（三）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。（四）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)TheXin’anStreetCommunity(社区)beganthreeprogramsnotlongago.TheNeighborhoodClean-upProgramEverySundayat5:00pm,theneighborsbegincleaningXin’anstreetfromone1totheother.Theheadofthecommunity,ZhaoFuqin,said,“ThefirstSunday,onlyelevenpeoplecame,butwe2oversevenbigbagsofrubbishfromthesidewalkandstreet.Thenextweekend,twentypeoplecame,andfilledeightbigrubbishbags.Nowtheneighborhoodreallylooksgreat!”TheNeighborhoodWatchProgramTheneighborsonXin’anStreetbeganthisprogramtolookforproblemsintheneighborhoodandtocallthepoliceifnecessary.Theneighborsallsaythewatchhasalreadyhelped.SunYan,aged60,aretiredteacher,said,“Inthepast,Ifelt3atnight.NowIknowmyneighborsarewatchingfortrouble.”Accordingtothepolice,therearefewerproblemsonXin’anStreet.“Callsto1104lastmonth.Criminals(犯罪份子)knewthatthepeopleonXin’anStreetwerewatching,sotheystayedaway,”saidapoliceman.TheNeighborhoodFitnessProgramAHealthClubwasbuiltlastmonth,wheretheneighborscandodifferentkindsofsportslikebasketball,ping-pongball,tennis,etc.“Everymorningyoucanseegroupsofneighborsdoingexercises5hereandthere,suchasrunning,dancingandplayingtaijiquan.Wehavecometorealizetheimportanceoftakingexercise,”saidChenJinliang,abusinessmanof45.Thecommunityhasmoreplans.“WeplantostartanotherCareProgramfor6.Wearegoingtobuildanafter-schoolclubforthem.Andwewanttohaveapicnicforeveryoneintheneighborhood!”saidZhaoFuqin.1．A．way B．end C．root D．square2．A．grewup B．reliedon C．pickedup D．wentahead3．A．surprised B．excited C．independent D．afraid4．A．wentdown B．putup C．cametrue D．pointedout5．A．gently B．busily C．likely D．immediately6．A．kids B．husbands C．parents D．grandparents【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．A5．B6．A【导语】本文讲述了新安街道社区不久前开始的三个计划，使社区环境更加干净整洁，让人们保持健康。1．句意：每周日下午5点，邻居们开始打扫新安街从一头到另一头。way方式；end终点；root根茎；square广场。根据“fromone…totheother.”可知，此处表示“从一头到另一头”。故选B。2．句意：第一个星期天，只有11个人来了，但我们从人行道和街道上捡了7大袋垃圾。grewup长大；reliedon依赖；pickedup捡起；wentahead开始。根据“oversevenbigbagsofrubbishfromthesidewalkandstreet.”可知，此处表示“捡起”人行道和街道上的垃圾。故选C。3．句意：过去，我晚上感到害怕。surprised吃惊的；excited激动的；independent独立的；afraid害怕的。根据下文“Criminals(犯罪份子)knewthatthepeopleonXin’anStreetwerewatching,sotheystayedaway”可知，此处是说犯罪分子知道新安街上的人在看着他们，因此他们逃跑，由此可推知，过去我晚上是“害怕的”。故选D。4．句意：上个月打到110的电话中断了。wentdown下跌；putup搭建；cametrue实现；pointedout指出。根据“Callsto110”可知，此处表示110电话被打到中断。故选A。5．句意：每天早上你可以看到一群的邻居在这里和那里忙碌地锻炼。gently文静地；busily忙碌地；likely可能地；immediately立即。根据“Everymorningyoucanseegroupsofneighborsdoingexercises”可知，此处表示这些邻居们每天早上“忙碌地”锻炼。故选B。6．句意：我们计划为孩子们启动另一项关爱计划。

kids孩子；husbands丈夫；parents父母；grandparents祖父母。根据下文“buildanafter-schoolclub”可知，这是为了孩子们启动的计划。故选A。二、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)DanandMichellesatatapicnictableintheparkonabeautifulfallafternoon.Theairaroundthemwasfilledwiththesoundsofchildrenplaying,dogsbarkingandpeoplelaughing.ButDanandMichelle7thesoundsaroundthemandfocusedonthetasktheyhadsetouttocomplete.TheywantedtostartaschoolgardenatJeffersonMiddleSchool.ItwasactuallyDan’sidea.HehadfirstseenaschoolgardenwhenhewenttovisithiscousininWashington.Hewasamazedatthe8offruitsandvegetablesthestudentsathiscousin’sschoolgrew.Danthoughtitwasthebestpartoftheweek.Helovedputtingonhisboots,gettingoutsideandseeingallthenewthingsthathadhappened.WhenDanreturnedfromhistrip,hetoldEmilyandMichelleallaboutwhathehadseen.Nowthetwoofthemweredeterminedtocomeupwith9tobringaschoolgardentoJeffersonMiddleSchool.Danopenedhisnotebookandpreparedtorecordanyideastheyhadfor10Ms.Olly,theschoolheadmaster,intosupportingtheideaofhavingaschoolgarden.“Wearegoingtoneedanadult11tobeinchargeofthewholeoperation,”saidDanthoughtfully.“IthinkMr.Harrisonmightbewillingtohelpbecauseheoftenworksinhisgardenandhebroughtinabasketoftomatoesfromhisgardenlastweek.”“Togetthisprojectrunning,wemightalsoneedtoorganizeabakesaleoryardsaletoraisefunds.”AddedMichellecheerfully.Dannoddedandmadesomemorenotes.“Mycousinmentionedthatthestudentsathisschoolcookmealswiththevegetablesfromtheirgarden.Wecandosomethinglikethattoo.12,wecanmeasureandweighthingsandfollowrecipe.Iamsurethere’snowayMs.Ollycouldturnusdown.!”Michellegrinned,“Ifeverythinggoeswell,we’llbedigginginthefieldinnotimeatall!”7．A．enjoyed B．programmed C．ignored D．recorded8．A．price B．variety C．transport D．relationship9．A．aplan B．aclue C．aceremony D．asign10．A．tricking B．talking C．rushing D．changing11．A．introuble B．fromabroad C．ofwealth D．withexperience12．A．Afterall B．Forexample C．Infact D．What’smore【答案】7．C8．B9．A10．B11．D12．D【分析】本文主要讲述了丹和米歇尔想在杰斐逊中学建一个学校花园，并为这个计划的实现而努力。7．句意：但是丹和米歇尔忽略了周围的声音，把注意力集中在他们要完成的任务上。enjoyed享受；programmed规划；ignored忽略；recorded记录。根据“Theairaroundthemwasfilledwiththesoundsofchildrenplaying,dogsbarkingandpeoplelaughing.”和“…focusedonthetasktheyhadsetouttocomplete.”可知，此处表达他们“忽略”了周围的声音。故选C。8．句意：他对他表弟学校的学生们种出的各种水果和蔬菜感到惊讶。price价格；variety不同种类；transport运输；relationship关系。根据“HehadfirstseenaschoolgardenwhenhewenttovisithiscousininWashington”可推断，空格处表示“各种各样”的水果和蔬菜。故选B。9．句意：现在他们两个下定决心要想出一个计划，给杰斐逊中学带来一个学校花园。aplan一个计划；aclue一条线索；aceremony一个仪式；asign一个标志。根据下文“…intosupportingtheideaofhavingaschoolgarden.”可知，他们想出“一个计划”。故选A。10．句意：丹打开笔记本，准备记录下他们对奥利女士谈话的任何想法……tricking欺骗；talking谈话；rushing急促；changing改变。根据“NowthetwoofthemweredeterminedtocomeupwithaplantobringaschoolgardentoJeffersonMiddleSchool.”可推断，他们去跟校长“交谈”。故选B。11．句意：我们需要一个有经验的成年人来负责整个行动。introuble陷入困境；fromabroad来自国外；ofwealth财富；withexperience有经验。根据“IthinkMr.Harrisonmightbewillingtohelpbecauseheoftenworksinhisgardenandhebroughtinabasketoftomatoesfromhisgardenlastweek.”可推断，他们需要“有经验”的人。故选D。12．句意：而且，我们可以估量和称东西，并遵循食谱（做饭）。Afterall毕竟；Forexample例如；Infact事实上；What’smore而且（表示递进关系）。根据“Mycousinmentionedthatthestudentsathisschoolcookmealswiththevegetablesfromtheirgarden.”和“wecanmeasureandweighthingsandfollowrecipe.”可知，空格前后是递进关系。故选D。三、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)AsJulyapproached,theschooltermwascomingtoanend.Thenextmorningarrived,noschooltodaytomorrow,orforweek!Butwhattodowithallthisnewfoundfreedom?Ialways13myfriendswhoseparentswantedthemtodosomethingconstructive(建设性的)，tolearnsomethingnew."I'mlearningtorelaxandenjoylifealittle,"Ithoughttomyself.AndIwouldgooutwiththedogforawalkinthemorningsunshine.14thewoodswasalwaysagoodstart—whatstrangeandwonderfulinsectswouldIfind?WhichonesshouldIbringhometoshowmysister?Thedogwouldusuallyrunoff,leadingmefurtherintotheunfamiliarwoods.Igotlostafewtimes,and15,butthedogalwaysknewthewayhome.AfterlunchI'drundowntotheparktoplayfootballwithmyfriends.We'dplayuntilthesunwascomingdown.16itwastimetogohome.Iwascoveredinscratchesandmud.Thatwasalwaysagoodsignofagoodday.MyparentswouldaskmewhatIhad"achieved"thatday."I’vediscoverednewanimalsandimprovedmyskillofplayingfootball."Iwouldexplain.AndmaybeIdidn'tlearnanewinstrument,orpracticemyFrench,butithadbeenabrilliantday.Thereisalwaystimeforlearningnextyear.Thetrue17ofasummervacationisthefreedomitprovides,afreedomyouneverhaveasanadult.Somakealluseofyoursummer.Gooutanddosomething18,getlostandchallengeyourself,andifyougetalittledirtyintheprocess,well,inmybookthat'saconstructiveday.13．A．pointed B．hadpityon C．learntfrom D．competedwith14．A．Releasing B．Selecting C．Ignoring D．Exploring15．A．frightened B．surprised C．pleased D．excited16．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Finally D．Especially17．A．wisdom B．figure C．system D．value18．A．different B．powerful C．useless D．strange【答案】13．B14．D15．A16．C17．D18．A【分析】文章大意：文章主要是作者对暑假的畅想，同时建议我们要充分地利用暑假做一些自己喜欢的事情。13．句意：我总是同情我的朋友，他们的父母希望他们做一些有建设性的事情，学习一些新东西。pointed指出；hadpityon可怜、同情；learntfrom从（向）……学习；competedwith和……竞争。根据下文“I'mlearningtorelaxandenjoylifealittle,”Ithoughttomyself.我心想，我正在学习怎样放松和怎样享受一下生活，结合myfriendswhoseparentswantedthemtodosomethingconstructive(建设性的)tolearnsomethingnew.我的一些朋友，他们的父母希望他们做一些“有建设性的”事情，学习一些新东西，可知对此作者是表示同情的，故选B。14．句意：在树林里探险总是一个好的开始，我能找到什么奇怪而奇妙的昆虫呢?Releasing释放；Selecting选择；Ignoring忽略；Exploring探索。根据后文whatstrangeandwonderfulinsectswouldIfind?我能找到什么奇怪而奇妙的昆虫呢?可知在树林里探险总是一个好的开始，故选D。15．句意：我迷路了几次，感到害怕，但狗总是知道回家的路。frightened害怕的；surprised惊奇的；pleased高兴的；excited兴奋的。根据前半句Igotlostafewtimes,有好几次我迷路了，可知是她应该感到害怕，故选A。16．句意：终于到了回家的时候了。Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然地；Finally最后地；Especially尤其。根据上文We'dplayuntilthesunwascomingdown.我们一直玩到太阳落山，可知最后应该是到了回家的时候了，故选C。17．句意：暑假的真正价值是它给人提供了自由，那种成年人永远不会拥有的自由。wisdom智慧；figure数字；system系统；value价值。根据句中表语部分thefreedomitprovides,freedomyouneverhaveasanadult，“它给人提供了自由，那种成年人永远不会拥有的自由”，可知暑假真正的“价值”是它所带来的自由，故选D。18．句意：走出去，做一些不同的事情，迷失自我，挑战自我。different不同的；powerful有力量的；useless无用的；strange陌生的。根据上文Somakealluseofyoursummer.以及后半句getlostandchallengeyourself，可知是要充分利用自己的暑假，出门做点不同的事情，迷失自我，挑战自我，故选A。四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Mostoftheboyswanttobeexplorers,andthetwobrothersareamongthem.ForOllbieandHarry,lifeisanadventure.Forthepastseveralyears,thebrothershavebeenworkingto19alistof500challengesandexperiences."Theideacameaboutactuallyfromtheboys,"theirfather,MacNeillFerguson,said."Theboyswerejustaskedonedayiftheycouldcomeupwithsomecoolthingsforustodoasafamily.They20someimpossibleideasfirstly,likegoingonatriptoMars,InternationalSausageDayandallkindsof21kids'requests.Theybuiltthelisttoahundred,thenkeptfindingnewthingstheywantedtogoandtry...untilitgotupto500."They'realllistedonthebrothers'Facebookpage.Sofar,theyhavebuiltanigloo(圆顶小屋),exploredthewilderness,andsenttheirLegomentothedepthsoftheoceanandintoouterspace.Perhapstheirbiggestadventureisplayingoutrightnowonthehighseas.Lastyear,OllbieandHarry's"Adventure",oneoftheirtoyships22fromtheScottishcoast.ItsailedacrosstheNorthSeatoScandinavia.ItthenbeganarideonaNorwegianboatandwaslaunchedagain.23,theyhadequippedthetoyshipwithatrackingdevice(跟踪器).Itallowedthebrotherstoknoweverystepofthesailingwell.Butthebatteryonthetrackingdeviceisbecomingweak,soHarryandOllbiehopeapassingshipnoticetheirboatandisabletorecharge(充电)itsbattery,allowingthetriptocontinue."IwantittogotoAustraliabecausethatwouldbehalfwayaroundtheworld,andthere'slotsofbeachesthere,"Ollbiesaid."Harry,wherewouldyouliketheboattogo?"Fergusonasked.Withoutany24,Harryreplied,"thatwouldbeChinabecauseweallloveChina."HethoughtthateventhereweresomanydifficultiestheboatwouldreachChina.19．A．check B．choose C．complete D．write20．A．heard B．suggested C．practised D．managed21．A．strange B．shy C．useless D．careful22．A．wentout B．carriedout C．turnedout D．setout23．A．However B．Asaresult C．Infact D．Forexample24．A．impression B．hesitation C．conclusion D．decision【答案】19．C20．B21．A22．D23．C24．B【分析】本文讲述了奥利和哈利兄弟两人制定探险清单的故事。一开始奥利和哈利想出的都是一些无法实现的主意，但是他们仍然坚持寻找想要尝试的事情，现在他们已经实现了很多项探险活动。19．句意：在过去的几年里，兄弟俩一直在努力完成一份500项挑战和经历的清单。check检查；choose选择；complete完成；write写。根据下文“Theybuiltthelisttoahundred,thenkeptfindingnewthingstheywantedtogoandtry...untilitgotupto500.他们把单子列到一百个，然后不断地寻找他们想去尝试的新东西……直到达到500。”,可知这两个兄弟一直在完成一个有500和挑战的列表，故选C。20．句意：他们首先提出了一些不可能的想法，比如去火星旅行、国际香肠日和各种奇怪的孩子们的要求。heard听见；suggested提议；practised练习；managed设法(成功)。根据上一句“Theboyswerejustaskedonedayiftheycouldcomeupwithsomecoolthingsforustodoasafamily.有一天，孩子们被问到是否能想出一些很酷的事情让我们全家一起做。”，可知孩子们提出了一些不可能的想法，故选B。21．句意：他们首先提出了一些不可能的想法，比如去火星旅行、国际香肠日和各种奇怪的孩子们的要求。strange奇怪的；shy害羞的；useless无用的；careful仔细的。由文中“likegoingonatriptoMars,InternationalSausageDay”，可知这些活动都很“奇怪”，故选A。22．句意：去年，奥利比和哈里的“冒险”号，他们的玩具船之一从苏格兰海岸出发。wentout出去；carriedout执行；turnedout证明是；setout出发。根据后一句“ItsailedacrosstheNorthSeatoScandinavia.它穿过北海航行到斯堪的纳维亚半岛。”，可知船从苏格兰海岸出发，故选D。23．句意：事实上，他们给玩具船配备了跟踪装置。However然而；Asaresult结果；Infact事实上；Forexample例如。根据后一句“Itallowedthebrotherstoknoweverystepofthesailingwell.这使兄弟俩对航海的每一步都了如指掌。”，可知句意是指“事实上，他们给玩具船配备了跟踪装置”，故选C。24．句意：哈利毫不犹豫地回答：“那就是中国，因为我们都爱中国。”impression印象；hesitation犹豫；conclusion结论；decision决定。根据“thatwouldbeChinabecauseweallloveChina”，可知是毫不犹豫地回答，故选B。五、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Asachild,Iwouldspendhoursdreamingaboutmyfuture.Iimaginedhavingabeautifulhomeandfamilywithlotsofchildren.Ialsodreamedof25ateacher,apianist,worldtraveler,bakerordoctor.Dreamingmotivatedmetosetgoalsthatcouldmakemydreamscometrue.Italso26metolearnnewskillslikepainting,knittingandcooking.Withoutanygoalsordreams,mylifewouldhavebeenempty.WhenIdreamed,Irealizedthattheopportunitiesinlifewereendless.Adreamissomethingthatyouimaginemighthappen.Therearenolimits.27youhaveadream,youcancreateagoal.Agoalisaspecificobjectivethatyoucanworktoward.Ithasaplanandtimelimit,soyouknowwhenyoureachit.Goalsturndreamsintoreality.Writeyourdreamsdownandevaluatewhetherornottheyarerealistic.Theprocessofsettinggoals.Perhapsyouwantto28somethingaboutyourself.Maybeyouwanttoloseweight,exerciseeveryweekorearnhighergrades.Youmaywanttoread10booksthisyear,finishcollegeortraveltoanothercountry.Thesearespecificgoals.Ifyouwanttoreachyourgoal,youmusthaveadeadline.Thenworktowardthatdeadline.Youwillknowwhenyoureachyourgoal.Whenyouhaveagoal,createastrategythatwillhelpyoureachthatgoal.Dreamsare29,butgoalshaveaprice.Youmustspendtime,moneyandefforttoreachthem.Ifyouwanttolearnaninstrument,itisnotalwayseasy,butyourhardworkwillpayoff.30,don’tgiveupyourgoals.Attimes,youmaygetdiscouraged.Butdon’tgiveup!Workhardandyoucanreachyourgoals!25．A．having B．helping C．visiting D．being26．A．expected B．encouraged C．allowed D．promised27．A．Even B．Unless C．Although D．Once28．A．refuse B．learn C．discuss D．consider29．A．nice B．expensive C．useful D．awful30．A．Suddenly B．Certainly C．Finally D．Luckily【答案】25．D26．B27．D28．D29．A30．C【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了作者在谈论梦想，不管什么样的梦想，必须通过努力才能实现。25．句意：我还梦想成为一名教师、钢琴家、世界旅行者、面包师或医生。having有；helping帮助；visiting参观；being是。根据文中“ateacher,apianist,worldtraveler,bakerordoctor.”可知，这里是梦想做某事，dreamofdoingsth.表示梦想做某事，这里用be的现在分词。根据题意，故选D。26．句意：它还鼓励我学习绘画、编织和烹饪等新技能。expected期待；encouraged鼓励；allowed允许；promised答应。短语encouragesb.todosth.表示“鼓励某人去做某事”，根据题意，故选B。27．句意：一旦你有了梦想，你就可以创造一个目标。Even甚至；Unless除非；Although尽管；Once一旦，曾经。根据下文“youcancreateagoal.”可知，这里是一旦，用once引导。根据题意，故选D。28．句意：也许你想考虑一下你自己。refuse拒绝；learn学习；discuss讨论；consider考虑。根据下文“Maybeyouwanttoloseweight,exerciseeveryweekorearnhighergrades.”可知，这里是考虑自己的一些东西。根据题意，故选D。29．句意：梦想是美好的，但目标是有代价的。nice漂亮的；expensive昂贵的；useful有用的；awful厌恶的。根据下文“butgoalshaveaprice.”可知，这里是说梦想是美好的。根据题意，故选A。30．句意：最后，不要放弃目标。Suddenly突然；Certainly当然；Finally最后；Luckily幸运地。根据下文“Attimes,youmaygetdiscouraged.Butdon’tgiveup!Workhardandyoucanreachyourgoals!”可知，有时，你可能会气馁。但不要放弃！努力工作，你就能达到你的目标！故选C。【点睛】完型填空题是一种综合性比较强的测试题，它把单项填空和阅读理解等题型融为一体，它不仅考查学生对词汇、词组、语法、句型和常识逻辑等语言基础知识的掌握情况和正确使用语法知识的能力，而且也考查学生的理解能力、推理能力、以及情景语感等方面综合理解和运用语言的能力。如第5小题考查形容词辨析。句意：梦想是美好的，但目标是有代价的。nice漂亮的；expensive昂贵的；useful有用的；awful厌恶的。根据下文“butgoalshaveaprice.”可知，这里是说梦想是美好的。根据题意，故选A。一、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)ThedifferencebetweenneedsandwantsIt’sveryeasytowastemoney—evensmallpurchaseslikestickersandsnacksquicklyaddup.Thismakesithardertosaveupforthethingsthatyoureallywant,butalsomeansyoumightrunoutofmoney.Inthatcase,youhaveto1whatyouneed,notjustwhatyouwant.Whatdoyouneed?Peopleoften2thingsthattheyneedforthingsthattheywant.Forexample,youneedtoeatdinner,butthatdoesn’tmeanyouneedtakeawaypizza—youjustwantit.Youmightheargrown-upstalkingabouthowthey“need”aholiday,butthisissomethingtheywould3insteadofsomethingtheyneedtosurvive.Whatdoyouwant?Wantsareitemsthatwouldbenicetohave,butyoucan4them.Unlikeneeds,yourwantswillchangeovertime.Asachildyoumightwantanewbike,butwhenyougetabitolderyouwantaphone,newclothes,orevenacar.Whenyouhavesomemoney,it’s5thatyouwillspenditallonthethingsyouwant.Thisisn’tagoodideabecausethere’sariskyouwon’thaveenoughmoneylefttopayforthingsyouneed.MindfulspendingUnfortunately,wecan’talwayshaveeverythingwewant,atleastnotrightaway.Therefore,itisimportanttothinktwiceaboutwhetheryou6needsomethingrightnow.Gettingintothehabitofdoingthisnowwillmakeitmucheasiertomanagemoneywhenyou’regrownup.Stopandthinkbeforeyouspend.1．A．dreamof B．pointat C．workout D．makeup2．A．prepare B．explore C．reach D．mistake3．A．enjoy B．trust C．believe D．produce4．A．dependon B．livewithout C．preparefor D．reachfor5．A．difficult B．safe C．likely D．serious6．A．safely B．actually C．strictly D．carefully【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．B5．C6．B【导语】本文主要讲述需求和欲望的区别。1．句意：在那种情况下，你必须分清你需要的，而不仅仅是你想要的。dreamof梦见；pointat指向；workout分析出；makeup编造。根据“youhaveto...whatyouneed,notjustwhatyouwant.”可知，要分清需要和想要的区别。故选C。2．句意：人们经常把他们需要的误认为是他们想要的。prepare准备；explore探索；reach到达；mistake误认为。根据“thingsthattheyneedforthingsthattheywant”可知是把他们需要的误认为是他们想要的，mistakeAforB“把A误认为B”，固定短语。故选D。3．句意：你可能听到成年人谈论他们多么“需要”一个假期，但是这是他们喜欢的东西，而不是他们赖以生存的东西。enjoy喜欢；trust信任；believe相信；produce生产。根据“grown-upstalkingabouthowthey“need”aholiday”可知，假期是他们喜欢的，而不是他们赖以生存的。故选A。4．句意：“想要”就是很好的拥有某东西，但是没有他们你也可以生活。dependon依靠；livewithout在没有……情况下生活；preparefor准备；reachfor伸手去取。根据句意可知，“想要”就是很想拥有某东西，但是没有它们你也可以生活，不是必需品。故选B。5．句意：当你有一些钱时，可能你将全部钱花费在你想要的事情上。difficult困难；safe安全的；likely可能的；serious严重的。根据“youwillspenditallonthethingsyouwant”可知是可能会把钱花在想要的东西上。故选C。6．句意：因此，再三考虑现在你是否是真的需要某东西是重要的。safely安全地；actually事实上；strictly严格地；carefully认真地。根据“needsomethingrightnow.”可知是真正需要的东西。故选B。二、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)Doyoueverfindyourselfdoingsomethingwithoutthinkingaboutit?Wedolotsofthingsautomatically,outofhabitratherthanforanygoodreason.Learningto7healthynewhabitscanhelpyoutoreachyourgoals.Ahabitissomethingyoudooften,almostwithoutthinking.Scientistssaythathabitsareformedinthebrainandincludeacause,actionandareward.IfyouhaveahabitofwatchingTVwhenyougethomefromschool,thecausewouldbecomehomefromschool;the8isturningontheTV;andtheremightbethehappy,relaxedfeelingfromwatchingyourfavoriteprogram.Thisgoodfeelingmakesyouwanttodothesamethingafterschoolthenextdaytoo,andovertimeitcanbecomeahabit.Turningsomethingintoahabitmeansyoudon’thaveto9it,whichisgoodnewswhenit’shealthy.Goodhabitscanhelpguardagainstbadonestoo,suchasworrying.Scientistsbelievethatnearlyhalfofeverythingwedoeverydayisoutofhabit,soforming10habitsisalsoagreatwaytohelpyoutoreachyourgoals.DrRadhaModgilnotesthatit’simportanttothinkaboutwhyyouwanttochange.“What11doyouwanttoachieve,andhowareyougoingtodoit?”sheasks.Whenit’stimetobegin,“Trythe1%idea,whereeverydayyouimproveorchange12by1%.Thatwayyoustarttoseeprogressandyou’renotputoffbyfailure”.Rememberthatformingnewhabitsisn’talwayseasybutitwillbeworthitintheend.“Changinghabitscanchangeyourlife”,saysModgil.7．A．observe B．create C．enrich D．control8．A．action B．solution C．stress D．thought9．A．lookup B．dependon C．thinkabout D．completewith10．A．patient B．wonderful C．unusual D．helpful11．A．exactly B．completely C．luckily D．directly12．A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing【答案】7．B8．A9．C10．D11．A12．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了养成好习惯的重要性。7．句意：学习创造健康的新习惯可以帮助你实现目标。observe观察；create创造；enrich丰富；control控制。根据“Turningsomethingintoahabit”可知，此处指创造健康的新习惯。故选B。8．句意：如果你有看电视的习惯，当你从学校回家，原因是从学校回家；行为是打开电视。action行为；solution解决方案；stress压力；thought想法。根据“turningontheTV”可知，此处是指采取的行为，故选A。9．句意：把某件事变成一种习惯意味着你不必去想它，如果它是健康的，这是个好消息。lookup向上看；dependon依靠；thinkabout考虑；completewith完成。根据“Turningsomethingintoahabitmeans”可知，形成习惯后就不用刻意去想某个行为了。故选C。10．句意：科学家认为，我们每天做的几乎一半的事情都是出于习惯，所以养成有益的习惯也是帮助你实现目标的好方法。patient耐心的；wonderful绝妙的；unusual不同寻常的；helpful有益的。根据“helpyoutoreachyourgoals”可知，此处指有益的习惯。故选D。11．句意：你到底想要实现什么？你打算怎么去实现？exactly确切地；completely完全地；luckily幸运地；directly直接地。根据“DrRadhaModgilnotesthatit’simportanttothinkaboutwhyyouwanttochange.”可知，我们要明白自己真正想要改变的是什么。故选A。12．句意：尝试1%的想法，每天你提高或改变1%的事情。anything任何事情；everything一切事情；something有些事请；nothing没有什么事情。根据“Thatwayyoustarttoseeprogressandyou’renotputoffbyfailure.”可知，此处指一次改变一点儿事情。故选C。三、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)It’scommontowondersometimes,“Whatifsomethingturnsoutbadly?”It’simportanttounderstandthatideaandmanageitsothatyoudon’tgetstuckintheworry.Worryingaboutthefutureisa13partoflife.Fromtimetotime,everyonewonderswhatwouldhappenifsomethingdoesn’tgotoplan:“WhatifImakeamistake?”or“Whatifeveryone14me?”These“what-if”worriesfocusonanegativeresult.Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen,you’reimaginingthatthefuturecouldbea(n)15.Spendingalotoftimethinkingabout“what-if”makesyoufeelanxious(焦虑的)andworried.Forexample,youmightfeelupsetanditcanmakeithardtofocusonwhatyou’redoing.Therearedifferentwaysyoucanhelpyourself.AngelaMcMillansuggestscreatingan“if/then”plan.Shesays,“Forexample,Ifyouhavetostandupinfrontoftheclass,Thenyouwilltakesomedeepbreathsand16yourselfyouhavepreparedandyou’reOK,orIfthesocialeventisreallynoisyandyoufeeluncomfortable,Thenyoucanstepoutsideforafewminutes.“Youcanalsoaskyourselfhowlikelyitisto17happen.McMillanpointsoutthatmostworriesneverhappen.“Remembertheyarejustthoughtsandthebravestthingwecandoistonotlettheworry18.“shesays.Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou’redoing.Gettingangrywithyourselfwillmakeyoufeelworse,sobekindtoyourself.13．A．normal B．dramatic C．pleasant D．simple14．A．dependson B．believesin C．laughsat D．learnsfrom15．A．adventure B．surprise C．goal D．disaster16．A．help B．understand C．judge D．remind17．A．actually B．exactly C．certainly D．immediately18．A．arrive B．win C．end D．think【答案】13．A14．C15．D16．D17．A18．B【导语】本文主要讲述的是面对担忧如何处理。13．句意：担心未来是生活正常的部分。normal正常的；dramatic戏剧的；pleasant愉快的；simple简单的。根据后文人不时地担忧，所以是正常一部分。故选A。14．句意：如果每个人嘲笑我呢？dependson依靠；believesin信任；laughsat嘲笑；learnsfrom从……学；根据前文“WhatifImakeamistake?”可知，应是描述担忧的事，在所给选项中，应是laughsat。故选C。15．句意：你正想象未来可能是灾害。adventure冒险；surprise吃惊；goal目标；disaster灾害。根据前文“Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen”可知，当你担心可能发生的坏的事，所以会认为未来是灾难。故选D。16．句意：那么你将进行深呼吸并提醒自己你已经准备好了。help帮助；understand理解，明白；judge判断；remind提醒。根据前文讲述站在班级前时，深呼吸提醒自己准备好了，可以消除担忧。故选D。17．句意：你也可以问你自己事实上有多大可能会发生。actually事实上；exactly确切地；certainly当然；immediately立即。根据“howlikely”多大的可能，所以是面对担忧，事实上会发生的可能性。故选A。18．句意：我们能做的最勇敢的事是不要让担忧赢。arrive到达；win赢；end结束；think思考，认为。根据后文“Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou’redoing.”可知，集中注意力在正在做的事，所以是不能让担忧赢。故选B。四、Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)OneSundaynight,Iwassittinginmykitchenhalf-listeningasmy15-year-oldsonTommyquarreledwithhisyoungerbrotherKevin.Ididn’tpayattentionwhenKevinwentupstairswithalookof19onhisface.About30minuteslater,IheardKevincryinginhisroom.Iknockedonthedoorimmediatelyandasked,“Kevin,what’sthematter?Whyareyoucrying?”Noanswer.Itriedagain.Still20happened.So,Itookapieceofpaperfromanotebookandwrote,“Ifyoudon’twanttotalk,wecanwritedowntoeachother”andslipped(塞)itunderthedoor.AnhourlaterIwasstillsittingontheflooroutsidehisdoorwithastackof(一摞)notesinmyhands.AsIreadoneofKevin’snotes,Icouldn’thelpcrying.Itsaid,“Nobodyinthisfamilylovesme.Iamnottheyoungestnortheoldest,andIamnotthe21togetgoodmarks.TommythinksIamtooweak.DadthoughtIshouldbetaller.22,healwayswantsmetobeabasketballplayer.Andyouneverlistentomeevennoticeme.”Hewasrightaboutmypart.Feelingsorryforhim,Iwroteback,“Kevin,Idoloveyou,andyouarelovedinthisfamily?”Hedidn’treplyforawhile,butIcouldhearhimcrying23.Kevinranoutofpaper,sohewrote“Thanks”onapapercup.Iwroteback“Forwhat?”Itwasreturnedtomewiththereply“24”writtenonit.Sincethen,Ihavetriedmybesttocareformyfamilymembers.Whenoneofusnoticesthattheotherisunhappy,we’llsmileandsay,“Writeitonapapercup.”19．A．fe