浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三下学期开学联考英语试题 含解析

绝密★启用前【2024年2月27日15:00-17:00】2023学年第二学期浙江省名校协作体试题高三年级英语学科20240227考生注意：1.本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。4.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。5.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatfoodwillthewoman’sdaughteravoid?A.Steaks. B.Onions. C.Icecream.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Anyspecialrequestsonyourmeals?W:Steaksforthemaincourseisokayforus,butpleasedon’tputanyonionsinmydaughter’smeal.Shecan’teatit.Andwe’llhaveicecream.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salespersonandcustomer. B.Co-workers. C.Acouple.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:You’resmiling.Iguessyoulikethisplacethen?W:Honestly,darling,Ithinkthisistheone.Iknowwesaidwewantedahouse,notanapartment,butthisjustfeelsright.M:Iagree.It’sperfect.There’sevenroomtohaveahomeoffice.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatflightwillthespeakersbeon?A.CJ875. B.CJ865. C.CJ930.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Didyouhearthat?FlightCJ865isputoffuntil9:30p.m.Wedon’tneedtohurry.M:That’snotourflight.OursisCJ875andtheyjustannouncedthatit’sboarding.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyisthemanworriedabouthisbrother?A.Hisbrotheristooconfident.B.Hisbrotherstrugglestomakefriends.C.Hisbrother’sfriendswillbeabadinfluenceonhim.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:MybrotherListartshighschoolthisyear.I’malittlenervousforhim.Hefindsitdifficulttomakenewfriends.W:Mybrother’sgoing,too.He’salmosttooconfident!I’msuretheycanbefriends.Maybethey’llbeagoodinfluenceoneachother.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Typesofschools. B.Placestosleep. C.Onlineclasses.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:WhenIwaslittle,Ialwayswantedtogotoaboardingschool.Ilikedlivingthereandsleepingwithmyfriends.W:I’dmissmyhome,andIlikemyownbedroom.Ipreferadayschool.Although,anythingisbetterthananonlineschool!M:Definitely!第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howcanthewomanbedescribed?A.Helpful. B.Rude. C.Dishonest.7.Whatisthemanlikelycanceling?A.Ahospitalbooking. B.Ahotelroom. C.Aflight.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Mywifeissick,soIhavetocancelthebookingImade.W:Ifyou’lljustgivemeyourname,phonenumber,anddateofvisit,Icancancelyourbooking.M:I’mRudyRandolphandmynumberis818-555-1234.OurbookingisinAprilfromtheninthtothefifteenth.W:Ahyes,Mr.Randolph.I’vefoundyourbookingonoursystem.Itisnowcanceled.M:Iwisheverythinginlifewassosimple.Thankyou.W:Notaproblem,sir.Ihopeyourwifefeelsbettersoonsoyoucanrebookyourstaywithus.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacafé. B.Inanoffice. C.Onasoccerfield.9.Whoisthebestgoalscorerintheteam?A.Natalie. B.Laura. C.Dave.10.WhatpositionwillBillprobablyplay?A.Thegoalkeeper. B.Thestriker. C.Themidfielder.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:Bill!Youmadeittotheteam!M:HiLaura.Yeah,I’mabitnervous.Ihaven’tplayedsoccerinyears!W:Don’tworry.Everyone’sfriendly,andweonlyplayforfun.M:Whatpositiondoyouplay?W:Striker,upfront.M:Ah,youmusthavebeenthestarofscoringgoals!W:Iwish!Ihaveonlyscoredtwice,allseason.Natalieisourstarstriker.So,youusedtoplaygoalkeeper?M:Manyyearsago,formyofficeteam.W:Well,you’llprobablybeinmidfield.Daverefusestoplayanywherebutthegoalkeeper.Hehatesrunning.Ithinkheonlycomesforthetriptothecaféaftergames!M:That’sfine.I’llplayinmidfield.It’lljustbenicetogetsomeexercise!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthewomanlikebestaboutthestampsshecollects?A.Theirbeauty. B.Theirprice. C.Theirculturalvalue.12.Whichstampdoesthemanlikemost?A.TheonefromEthiopia. B.TheonefromNorway. C.TheonefromFiji.13.HowmuchdoesthesetofstampsaboutMeiLanfangprobablycost?A.13,000yuan. B.40,000yuan. C.85,000yuan.【答案】11.C12.B13.B【解析】【原文】M:Doyoucollectstampsasaninvestment?W:Notreally.Somearequitevaluable,butit’snotaboutthat.Asahistorystudent,Ilovethateachoneisalittlepieceofculture,andofthepast.M:Icanseethat.Whatsurprisesmemostisthegeography.You’vegotstampsfromFiji,Ethiopia,Kazakhstan...W:Andsomearejustreallypretty.M:Right.IlovethisNorwegianonethemost.W:Thatwasactuallyvotedthemostbeautifulstampof2018.M:Ohcool!W:I’dlovetobuyasetofstampscalled“TheStageArtofMeiLanfang”,buttheycostexactlyfivetimesthepriceofthemostexpensiveoneIown!M:Whichis?W:ABritishonecalledthe“PostalUnionCongress£1stamp”.Itcostmeabout8000yuan.M:Wow!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whateventarethespeakerscleaningfor?A.TheEasterparty.B.Thewoman’sbirthday.C.TheSpringFestivalgathering.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouthostingtheevent?A.Particular. B.Excited. C.Nervous.16.WhydoesthemandothecleaningbeforeSpringFestival?A.Tomakehismotherhappy. B.Totreathisrelatives. C.Togetridofbadluck.17.WhatcanthemanprobablydoonthefirstdayoftheNewYear?A.Washclothes. B.Cook. C.Dothedishes.【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.B【解析】【原文】W:Thanksforhelpingmewiththecleaning,Feng.Ifeelbad.You’reaguest.Youshouldn’tbedoinghousework!M:It’snoproblem!W:IjustwanttheplacetolookniceforthefamilyEasterparty.It’sthefirsttimeI’veeverhostedit.Mymomusuallydoesit,butasEasterisonherbirthdaythisyear,IsaidI’dstepin.Now,I’mnervous!M:Calmdown.Iliketohelp.MyfamilydoaverysimilarthingbackhomeinChinabeforeSpringFestival.SoIfeelquiteathome!W:Oh,cool!M:Wetidy,cleanthehouseinsideandout.Itclearsthebadluckinthehouse.W:Nicetradition.M:Butyou’recompletelynotallowedtodoanycleaningonthefirstdayoftheNewYear.Wecookbutwedon’twashdishes.That’sdefinitelymyfavoritepart!W:Actually,mymomwon’twashanyclothesonNewYear’sDayeither.Iwonderifit’sforthesamereason.M:Probably.Youdon’twanttowashawayyourgoodluck!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthenameofthespeaker’sfirstplay?A.BirdontheWing. B.IrisFalls. C.Clara’sGirl.19.Whydidthespeakeracttheleadcharacterinherfirstplay?A.Shewasatalentedactress.B.Shedidn’ttrustanotheractress.C.Shecouldn’taffordtopayproperactors.20.WhoplaysthemaincharacterinClara’sGirl?A.YvetteRogers. B.DameVeraParker. C.ShingWu.【答案】18.A19.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:ThankyouallsomuchforcomingtotheopeningnightofClara’sGirl.Tenyearsago,whenIwrotemyfirstplay,BirdontheWing,Icouldneverhaveimaginedthataplayofminecouldfilla1000-seattheater.Iclearlyrememberbeinghugelyexcitedthatatotalof42peoplecameduringthatplay’sopeningweek,whichwasheldatatinytheateraboveabar.Ofcourse,backthen,Ididn’thaveenoughmoneytopayproperactors,soIhadtoplaytheleadcharactermyself!Thankfully,today,Iamfortunateenoughtobeabletocallonsomeofthebignamesinshowbusiness.It’ssowonderfultoworkwithactorsyoucantrusttobringyourvisiontolife.IwouldliketopersonallythankthebeautifulYvetteRogers,award-winningstarofTVseries,IrisFalls,forbringingthecharacterofIsabelletolife;thehugelytalentedShingWu,whoplayedJoewithsuchstrengthandenergy,andofcourse,thewonderfulDameVeraParker,fordoingmethehonorofplayingClara.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIsitpossibletobuildmuscleandmeanwhilelosefat?Pleaseallowustobringthefollowingtwofactstoyourattentionfirst.Fact1:Losingfatrequiresacaloricdeficit,whichmeansconsuminglesscaloriesthanyourbodyneedssothatstoredbodyfatisusedforenergyinstead.Fact2:Buildingmusclerequiresacaloricsurplus,whichmeansconsumingmorecaloriesthanyourbodyneedssothatnewmuscletissuecanbecreated.Andit’sthisrealizationthatleadsthoseofuswhowanttobuildmuscleandlosefatideallyattheexactsametimetowonderjusthowwe’resupposedtomakeithappen.The4-weekOnlineWorkoutCourseprofessionallydesignedbySuperFitnesswillperfectlyresolvetheconflict,makingitpossibleforyoutobothbuildmuscleandlosefat.Targetedgroups:Maleandfemalewillingtobeathletic.Simplyfollowusalongandkeepyourearsopentothetipsandsuggestionswekeepgivingwhileworkingout.We’llalsoimmediatelyreplytoanydoubtsorquestions.Whatyou’repromised:●Beingabletolosetwopoundsoffatperweekandgetsuperfit.●Savingalotoftimebytakingtheonlinecourse.Nogymmeansnotraffic!●Savingatonofmoneywith25%offattheYearEndPromotion.Whatyou’rerequiredtohave:●Eagernessforaperfectfigure.●Willingnesstotoleratesomediscomfort.ContactSuperFitnessbyclickinghere!21.Whatplaysaroleinbothfatlosingandmusclebuilding?A.Caloricintake. B.Balanceddiet.C.Muscletissue. D.Physicalfitness.22.Whatisnecessaryforthosewhowanttotakethecourse?A.Effectivequestioning. B.Perceptionoftime.C.Enthusiasmforsports. D.Alittlewillpower.23.Whatisthetext?A.Ahealthbrochure. B.Acommercialadvertisement.C.Acriticalcomment. D.Anessayonawellnesswebsite.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了为期4周的在线锻炼课程，使你既能锻炼肌肉，又能减肥。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Fact1:Losingfatrequiresacaloricdeficit,whichmeansconsuminglesscaloriesthanyourbodyneedssothatstoredbodyfatisusedforenergyinstead.(事实1：减脂需要热量不足，这意味着摄入的热量少于身体所需，这样储存的身体脂肪就会被用作能量)”和第三段“Fact2:Buildingmusclerequiresacaloricsurplus,whichmeansconsumingmorecaloriesthanyourbodyneedssothatnewmuscletissuecanbecreated.(事实2：锻炼肌肉需要热量过剩，这意味着消耗的热量比身体需要的要多，这样新的肌肉组织才能产生)”可知，热量摄取在减脂和增肌中起着重要作用，故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whatyou’rerequiredtohave(你需要具备的条件)”部分中“Willingnesstotoleratesomediscomfort.(愿意忍受一些不适)”可知，参加该课程需要需要一点意志力，故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第五段“The4-weekOnlineWorkoutCourseprofessionallydesignedbySuperFitnesswillperfectlyresolvetheconflict,makingitpossibleforyoutobothbuildmuscleandlosefat.(超级健身专业设计的4周在线健身课程将完美解决矛盾，让你既增肌又减脂)”和文章最后一句“ContactSuperFitnessbyclickinghere!(点击这里联系超级健身！)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个为期4周的在线锻炼课程，是一篇商业广告，故选B。BInthejoyfulsummerChadalavadaspentwithJayasree,hisgrandmotherin2018,thepairwatchedendlessmovies.Lateoneevening,Jayasree,whohadrecentlybeendiagnosed(诊断)withAlzheimer’s,gotupinhernightdressandwenttomaketeaatherhomeinIndia.Aftershereturnedtoherbedroom,Chadalavadawentintothekitchentofindthathisgrandmotherhadleftthegason!Chadalavadadecidedtoinventawearabledevicetohelppeoplelikehisgrandmother.Nowaged17,ChadalavadaisreadytostartmakingtheAlphaMonitor.Thedevice,whichcanbewornasanarmband,setsoffanalarmwhenthewearerwithAlzheimer’sstartstomoveandwarnsacaregiverifthepatientfallsorwandersoff.MostsimilardevicesrunonWi-FiorBluetooth,sowhenapersonmovesoutoftheirfrequencies’limitedrangetheconnectionislostandwithitthemonitoring.ButtheAlphaMonitorcandetectapersonmorethanamileawayincitiesandthreemilesinthecountrysidethankstothelong-rangetechnology,knownasLoRa,ituses.TeachinghimselfwithYouTubevideosaboutroboticsandelectronics,Chadalavadahasdevelopedseveralprototypes(模型).TounderstandtheneedsofpeoplewithAlzheimer’s,hespenttimeinadaycentrerunbytheAlzheimer’sandRelatedDisordersSocietyofIndia.There,thecofoundertoldhimthatthedevice“hadtobesomethinglightthatcanbewornonanypartofthebody”.Shesays:“Manypatientsdon’tlikehavingtowearawatchandtheytakeitoff.”InMarch,whenChadalavada’sschoolexamsareover,hewillputthefinishingtouchestothemonitor,withtheaimofgettingthedevicereadyformarketbySeptember.Heisconfidentthatitshouldbesoldatanaffordablepriceformostpeople.Chadalavadahopestostudyroboticsatauniversityabroad.Hisaimissimple:“IwanttocreateproductstohelppeopleinIndiaforthewholeworld.”24.WhydidChadalavadainventtheAlphaMonitor?A.TotreatAlzheimer’s.B.Toentertainseniorcitizens.CToimproveAlzheimer’scaregiving.D.Toensurefiresafetyattheelderly’shomes.25.WhatisanadvantageoftheAlphaMonitor?A.Itismorecomfortabletowear. B.Ithasalongerservicetime.C.Itoffersaremotermonitoring. D.Ituseshigherfrequencycontrols.26.WhatdidChadalavadawanttoexplorewhilehespenttimeinadaycentre?A.Wherehisinventioncouldbepolished.B.WhatpeoplewithAlzheimer’sfeltlike.C.HowAlzheimer’sdiseasecouldbecured.D.Whetherhisinventionwouldbeprofitable.27.WhatcanwelearnaboutChadalavadafromthetext?A.Heenjoyslivingsimply. B.Hehasaninnovativemind.C.Heusedtobeahealthworker. D.Helongstobearoboticsprofessor.【答案】24.C25.C26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述的是Chadalavada研发了AlphaMonitor来帮助监控老年痴呆症病人。24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Lateoneevening,Jayasree,whohadrecentlybeendiagnosed(诊断)withAlzheimer’s,gotupinhernightdressandwenttomaketeaatherhomeinIndia.(一天深夜，刚刚被诊断出患有阿尔茨海默症的贾亚斯里穿着睡衣起床，去印度的家中泡茶。)”和第二段“Chadalavadadecidedtoinventawearabledevicetohelppeoplelikehisgrandmother.Nowaged17,ChadalavadaisreadytostartmakingtheAlphaMonitor.(Chadalavada决定发明一种可穿戴设备来帮助像他祖母这样的人。现在，17岁的Chadalavada已经准备好开始制作AlphaMonitor了。)”可知，Chadalavada要发明AlphaMonitor是为了改善老年痴呆症的护理。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ButtheAlphaMonitorcandetectapersonmorethanamileawayincitiesandthreemilesinthecountrysidethankstothelong-rangetechnology,knownasLoRa,ituses.(但由于使用了LoRa远程技术，在城市里AlphaMonitor可以在一英里探测到一个人，在农村能探测到三英里以外)”可知，AlphaMonitor优点是它提供了较远的监测。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“TounderstandtheneedsofpeoplewithAlzheimer’s,hespenttimeinadaycentrerunbytheAlzheimer’sandRelatedDisordersSocietyofIndia.(为了了解阿尔茨海默氏症患者的需求，他在印度阿尔茨海默氏症及相关疾病协会经营的日间中心度过了一段时间。)”和倒数第二段“InMarch,whenChadalavada’sschoolexamsareover,hewillputthefinishingtouchestothemonitor,withtheaimofgettingthedevicereadyformarketbySeptember.(今年3月，当Chadalavada的学校考试结束时，他将对监视器进行最后的修改，目标是在9月之前将该设备推向市场。)”可知，Chadalavada在日托中心想要探索他的发明的什么地方可以被改进，故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Nowaged17,ChadalavadaisreadytostartmakingtheAlphaMonitor.(现在，17岁的Chadalavada已经准备好开始制作AlphaMonitor了。)”可知，Chadalavada研发了AlphaMonitor来帮助监控老年痴呆症病人，因此他是有创新的头脑的。故选B。CTheimpactoftechnologyonlanguageisatopicthatoftencausesconcern,withmanyassumingthatitissimplyruiningit.However,languageexpertsresistsuchpessimism,notingthatthereislittleevidencetosupporttheviewthatspeechisgettingworse.GretchenMcCulloch,inherbookBecauseInternet,focusesonwhatcanbelearnedaboutlanguagefromtheinternetratherthantalkingaboutitssupposednegativeeffects.McCullochcomparesstudyinglanguageonlinetogrowingbacteria(细菌)inaPetridish,wheretrendsemergeanddisappearquickly,allowinglanguageexpertstoobservechangesthatwouldotherwisetakeaconsiderableamountoftime.Theinfluenceofstrongtieslikefriendsorfamilyvsweakertiesonlanguagechangeisanalyzed,withcomputersimulations(模拟)revealingthathavingbothstrongandweakertieshelpsspreadupdatesinacommunity.Theroleofsocialmediaplatformsinlanguagechangeisalsodiscussed.Twitter,withitsmixofstrongandweakties,isshowntodrivemorelanguagechangethanFacebook,whichiscontrolledbystrongerties.Emojiishighlightedasauniversaldigitalexpressionofgestures,notalanguage.Additionally,thereisevidencethattheuseofinternet“innovations”suchas“omg”datesbacktopre-computereras.McCulloch’sbookfocusesonthebirthofanewmediumratherthananewlanguage.Theriseofmasswritingontheinternet,characterizedbyfrequent,error-filled,andshort-livedcommunication,challengestraditionalideasaboutwriting’simportance.McCullochsuggestsfuturehistoriansshouldseethisasareturntomorecasual(随意的)language,payingmoreattentiontothevalueoftoolsthatimprovesocialinteractiononline.Thebookarguesagainsttheideathatthesechangesmightleadtotheendof“real”writing,advocatingforanappreciationofanythingthatenhanceshumanconnectionandtheenjoymentofeachother’scompany.28.HowmightMcCullochsoundinherbookBecauseInternet?A.Sensitive. B.Scientific. C.Pessimistic. D.Dismissive.29.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Thedevelopmentofdigitallanguage.B.Thedifferencebetweensocialmediaplatforms.C.Theinfluenceoftheinternetonlanguagechange.D.Theconnectionbetweenhumansandtheinternet.30.WhichofthefollowingwouldMcCullochprobablyagreewith?A.Interpersonalbondsplayaroleinonlinecommunication.B.Formallanguageisunlikelytoimprovesocialinteraction.C.Thebirthofnewmediahasremovedwriting’simportance.D.Masswritingcanmakeweb-basedconversationseffective.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoAchieveNetworkEffect? B.Technology,FearorConvenience?C.WhatIfFacedwithMediaTerms? D.InternetDegradesorHelpsSpeech?【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是GretchenMcCulloch在她的书BecauseInternet中对互联网对语言的影响的探讨。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“GretchenMcCulloch,inherbookBecauseInternet,focusesonwhatcanbelearnedaboutlanguagefromtheinternetratherthantalkingaboutitssupposednegativeeffects.(GretchenMcCulloch她的书BecauseInternet中，关注的是我们可以从互联网中学到什么，而不是谈论它所谓的负面影响。)”根据第二段“McCullochcomparesstudyinglanguageonlinetogrowingbacteria(细菌)inaPetridish,wheretrendsemergeanddisappearquickly,allowinglanguageexpertstoobservechangesthatwouldotherwisetakeaconsiderableamountoftime.”（McCulloch将在线学习语言比作在培养皿中培养细菌，在培养皿中，趋势出现和消失得很快，使语言专家能够观察到变化，否则将花费相当长的时间。）可知，McCulloch在她的书BecauseInternet中听起来是很科学的，故选B。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Theroleofsocialmediaplatformsinlanguagechangeisalsodiscussed.Twitter,withitsmixofstrongandweakties,isshowntodrivemorelanguagechangethanFacebook,whichiscontrolledbystrongerties.(本书还讨论了社交媒体平台在语言变化中的作用。研究表明，与由更强关系控制的Facebook相比，强弱关系混合的Twitter对语言变化的推动作用更大。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是网络对语言变化的影响。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thebookarguesagainsttheideathatthesechangesmightleadtotheendof“real”writing,advocatingforanappreciationofanythingthatenhanceshumanconnectionandtheenjoymentofeachother’scompany.(这本书反对这些变化可能导致“真正的”写作终结的观点，主张对任何能增进人与人之间联系、享受彼此陪伴的东西都要心存感激。)”可知，McCulloch可能会同意的观点是人际关系在网络交流中发挥着重要作用。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Theimpactoftechnologyonlanguageisatopicthatoftencausesconcern,withmanyassumingthatitissimplyruiningit.However,languageexpertsresistsuchpessimism,notingthatthereislittleevidencetosupporttheviewthatspeechisgettingworse.GretchenMcCulloch,inherbookBecauseInternet,focusesonwhatcanbelearnedaboutlanguagefromtheinternetratherthantalkingaboutitssupposednegativeeffects.(技术对语言的影响是一个经常引起关注的话题，许多人认为它只是在破坏语言。然而，语言专家反对这种悲观情绪，他们指出，几乎没有证据支持语言正在变得更糟的观点。GretchenMcCulloch在她的书BecauseInternet中，关注的是我们可以从互联网中学到什么，而不是谈论它所谓的负面影响。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是GretchenMcCulloch在她的书BecauseInternet中对互联网对语言的影响的探讨，因此最好的题目是D选项“InternetDegradesorHelpsSpeech?(互联网是帮助了语言还是阻碍了语言？)”，故选D。DBottledwaterhaslongbeenmarketedasasafedrink—ifitdoesn’tcomestraightfromamountainspring,it’satleastcleanandfreeofchemicals.Butanewstudydemonstratesthatbottledwatermaynotbesosafewhenitcomestomicroscopicplasticpollutantscapableofpassingintothebloodstream.Foryearsscientistshaveraisedthealarmovermicroplastics,whichformwhenplasticsbreakdownintoincreasinglysmallerparticles(微粒),rangingfromfivemillimetersdowntoonemicrometer.Previousstudieshavefoundthataliterofbottledwatercancontaintensofthousandsofidentifiableplasticparticles.Buttheystoppedattheonemicrometerlevelduetotechnologicalrestrictions.Thestudyusedanewtechnologytofindevensmallerparticles,anddetectedanaverage240,000plasticparticlesperliterofbottledwater.About90%oftheparticleswereconsiderednanoplastics,smallerthanonemicrometer.Unlikemicroplastics,theyarecapableofpassingthroughsomeorganslikelungsintothebloodstream.Fromtheretheycanstayintheheartmuscleandotherorgans,passintothebrain,andevenintothebodiesofunbornbabies.Sofar,littleresearchshowswhatnanoplasticsexactlydooncetheyenterthebloodstream.Butthereismuchevidencethatchemicalsusedinplasticproductionarebadforhumanhealth.Evenifnanoplasticsthemselvesarenotdeleterious,theycanserveascarriersforthedangerouschemicals,increasingtheriskofcancerandimpactingkeyorganssuchastheheart.“Thereisahugeworldofnanoplasticstobestudied,”saidtheresearchers.Evenifnanoplasticsmakeup90%ofthenumberofplasticparticlesfoundinbottledwater,theymakeupfarlessinmass,theysaid.However,thisfactprovideslittlecomfort:It’sthenumbersratherthanmassthatmatter;andthesmallerthingsare,themorereadilytheycangetinsideus.32.Whatdoesthetechnologicalbarrierinthepreviousstudiesconcern?A.Thenumberofmicroscopicplastics. B.Thequalityofwaterbottles.C.Thedistributionofplasticpollutants. D.Thesizeofplasticparticles.33.Whatdoesthetextimplyaboutmicroplastics?A.Theyarenotverylikelytopollutebottledwater.B.Theirnumberperliterofbottledwaterisconstant.C.Theyarelesspotentiallyriskytohealththannanoplastics.D.Theirnumberinspringsislargerthanthatofnanoplastics.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deleterious”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Large. B.Useless. C.Safe. D.Harmful.35.Whydonanoplasticsneedfurtherresearch?A.Theyaretoosmalltoidentify. B.Theyhaveeasyaccesstoorgans.C.Theyaredangerousregardingmass. D.Theyhaveahigherpercentageinlife.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是纳米塑料的危害。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Previousstudieshavefoundthataliterofbottledwatercancontaintensofthousandsofidentifiableplasticparticles.Buttheystoppedattheonemicrometerlevelduetotechnologicalrestrictions.(此前的研究发现，一升瓶装水可能含有数万个可识别的塑料颗粒。但由于技术限制，它们停留在了1微米的水平。)”可知，以前研究的障碍是关于塑料颗粒的大小的。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“About90%oftheparticleswereconsiderednanoplastics,smallerthanonemicrometer.Unlikemicroplastics,theyarecapableofpassingthroughsomeorganslikelungsintothebloodstream.Fromtheretheycanstayintheheartmuscleandotherorgans,passintothebrain,andevenintothebodiesofunbornbabies.(大约90%的颗粒被认为是纳米塑料，小于一微米。与微塑料不同，它们能够穿过肺部等器官进入血液。从那里，它们可以停留在心脏肌肉和其他器官，进入大脑，甚至进入未出生婴儿的身体。)”和倒数第二段“Evenifnanoplasticsthemselvesarenotdeleterious,theycanserveascarriersforthedangerouschemicals,increasingtheriskofcancerandimpactingkeyorganssuchastheheart.(即使纳米塑料本身是无害的，它们也可以作为危险化学物质的载体，增加患癌症的风险，并影响心脏等关键器官。)”可知，文章暗示了微塑料对健康的潜在风险比纳米塑料小。故选C。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Evenifnanoplasticsthemselves(即使是纳米塑料本身)”和“theycanserveascarriersforthedangerouschemicals,increasingtheriskofcancerandimpactingkeyorganssuchastheheart(它们可以作为危险化学物质的载体，增加患癌症的风险，并影响心脏等关键器官)”可知，划线词所在的句子的意思是“即使纳米塑料本身是无害的，它们也可以作为危险化学物质的载体，增加患癌症的风险，并影响心脏等关键器官”，划线词deleterious的意思是“有害的”，和harmful意思相近，故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’sthenumbersratherthanmassthatmatter;andthesmallerthingsare,themorereadilytheycangetinsideus.(重要的是数量而不是质量；东西越小，就越容易进入我们体内。)”可知，纳米塑料需要进一步的研究是因为纳米塑料很容易进入我们的器官，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheartoflearninghowtothinkLearninghowtothinkisreallythewholepointofgoingtouniversitybecauseitisoneofthefewperiodsinyourlifewhenyougettimetodoit.Likeanyskill,successfulthinkingtakespractice.Themoretimeyouspendthinkingandthemoreideasyoucomeupwith,themorelikelyitisthatsomeofthemwillbegoodones.____36____Yourthinkingwillneverimproveifitconsistsentirelyofthinkinghowmuchofafailureyouare.____37____Geniusesgenerallycomeupwiththeirbrilliantinnovationsbythinkingaboutasubjectinlotsofdifferentwaysandestablishingconnectionsbetweenapparentlydifferentideas.Ontheotherhand,therearetimeswhenyouneedtoknowwhatyouaresupposedtobethinkingaboutandwhy,andtostayreasonablyfocused.Ifyouarehavingtroublethinking,itmaybebecauseyoulackanotherskillthatwouldmakeiteasier.Itcouldbethatyoudon’thaveawideenoughvocabularytoputyourthoughtsintowords.____38____Ifyoushareahousewithviolinistsandpianists,youmayhavetroublehearingyourselfthink.Onewaytosharpenthisskillistothinkcriticallyaboutwhatotherpeoplearethinking.Thinkingisnotalwayssomethingthatneedstobedonealone.____39____So,ifyourhousemateseverabandontheirinstruments,engagetheminconversation,lookforholesintheirarguments,andexplainyourown.Ifyougetreallygoodatthinkingwhileatuniversity,youmaybeabletothinkofawaytocarrythaton.____40____A.Properthinkingisaboutcreatinganargument.B.Itenablesustobecomemoreindependentthinkers.C.Ifthey’reallrubbish,trynottokeepthinkingaboutit.D.Andthusitsavesyouactuallydoinganythingonceyouleave.E.Youmayalsobeinthewrongenvironmentforproductivethought.F.Havingaone-trackmindwon’timproveyourpowerofthinkinganyway.G.Infact,communicatingyourthoughtscanhelptodevelopandclarifythem.【答案】36.C37.F38.E39.G40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何学习思考。【36题详解】空前“Themoretimeyouspendthinkingandthemoreideasyoucomeupwith,themorelikelyitisthatsomeofthemwillbegoodones.(你花在思考上的时间越多，你想出的点子越多，其中一些点子就越有可能是好的。)”说明想得越多就越有可能想出好点子，空后“Yourthinkingwillneverimproveifitconsistsentirelyofthinkinghowmuchofafailureyouare.(如果你的思维总是想着自己有多失败，你的思维就永远不会进步。)”说明你越觉得自己是失败者，你就永远不会进步，可见不能一直想不好的事情，C选项“Ifthey’reallrubbish,trynottokeepthinkingaboutit.(如果它们都是垃圾，尽量不要去想它。)”说明不要去想不好的东西，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。【37题详解】空后“Geniusesgenerallycomeupwiththeirbrilliantinn