副词（讲义）-译林版英语六年级下册

译林英语6B语法讲义之副词（附练习与解析）一、副词的定义与分类定义：副词是修饰动词（如runquickly）、形容词（如verytall）、其他副词（如tooslowly）或整个句子（如Luckily,Ipassedtheexam.）的词。分类（表格归纳）：类型功能例词（译林教材相关）时间副词表示时间now,today,soon,yesterday地点副词表示地点或方向here,there,upstairs（在楼上）,outside方式副词表示动作方式happily,carefully,quickly程度副词表示程度very,too,quite（相当）,so（如此）频率副词表示频率always,usually,often,sometimes,never疑问副词引导特殊疑问句when,where,why,how二、副词的用法（重点）✅口诀："动后形前，疑问句首；频率中间，程度紧跟。"修饰动词→放在动词后例：Thelionroaredloudly.（狮子大声吼叫。）例：Bobbylaughedhappily.（Bobby开心地笑了。）修饰形容词/副词→放在被修饰词前例：Thecakeisverydelicious.（蛋糕非常美味。）例：Sherunstooslowly.（她跑得太慢了。）频率副词位置→实义动词前，be/情态动词后例：Heoftenplaysfootball.（他经常踢足球。）例：Iamalwaysready.（我总是准备好了。）时间/地点/方式副词→通常放在句尾例：Wewillgototheparktomorrow.（我们明天去公园。）三、形容词变副词的规则（重难点）📝规则表格：形容词形式变化规则例词译林教材例句大多数形容词直接加lyquick→quicklyHeranquickly.以"辅音+y"结尾变y为i，加lyhappy→happilyShesmiledhappily.以le结尾去e加ysimple→simply（简单地）Answersimply.以e结尾（部分词）保留e加ly/去e加lysafe→safelytrue→trulyDrivesafely.Speaktruly.（说实话）不规则变化特殊记忆good→wellShesingswell.⚠️易错点：形副同形：fast→fast,early→early,hard→hard，late→late例：Thetrainrunsfast.（副词）/It'safasttrain.（形容词）例：Samhitstheballhard.（副词）/Thequestionistoohard.（形容词）加ly后意思不同：hard（努力地）vs.hardly（几乎不）high（高地）vs.highly（高度地）late（晚地）vs.lately（最近）形似副词的形容词：lovely（可爱的）、friendly（友好的）、lonely（孤独的）是形容词，不可直接作副词。🔍小贴士：译林教材重点词：careful→carefully（Unit2Roadsafety）loud→loudly（Unit1Thelionandthemouse）常见错误：✘HespeaksEnglishgood.→✔️HespeaksEnglishwell.四、常考形容词变副词总结happyhappilysadsadlyangryangrilybravebravelyquickquicklyslowslowlyquietquietlyloudloudlycarefulcarefullybeautifulbeautifullyheavyheavilyexcitedexcitedlygoodwellsafesafelystrongstronglysuddensuddenlyfastfasthardhardearlyearlylatelate自测版：happysadangrybravequickslowquietloudcarefulbeautifulheavyexcitedgoodsafestrongsuddenfasthardearlylate

考点精练一、根据上下文提示和首字母填空。1.Theboypointedatthekingandlaughedh.2.Theboyhitstheballh.3.Youshouldn'ttalklinthelibrary.4.Thebabyissleeping.Pleasetalkq.5.Davidisacleverboy.Hecanfinishhishomeworkq.6.LiuTaoalwaysgoestobedl.It'sabadhabit.7.Mymumisstandinghereabecausewemaketheroommessy.8.Iusuallygetupeandnevergotobedl.9.Tocrosstheroads,youmustwaitforthegreenman.10.Mygrandpaistooold.Hewalkss.二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。Thestudentsarelisteningtotheteacher________________(careful).Themouseranaway________________(quick)whenthelionwokeup.Shesings________________(beautiful)inthemusicclass.Wemustcrosstheroad_______________(safe).Thewindblew________________(strong)duringthestorm.Thechildrenlaughed__________________(excited)atthefunnystory.HespeaksEnglish________________(good)becausehepracticeseveryday.Theoldmanwalked________________(slow)upthestairs.Therainstopped________________(sudden),andthesuncameout.Pleasegetup________________(early)tomorrowforthetrip.Thegirlslippedandfell.Shecried___________(loud)and_________(sad).Thelittleboylikesplayingfootball.Hecanplay________________(good).Thegirlisrunning________________(fast).Be____________!Theflooriswet.Youshouldwalk____________(careful).Inthelibrary,weshouldkeep________________(quiet).SuHaiandSuYangaresinginganddancing____________(happy)attheparty.You're________________(real)nicetohelpus.Itsnowed________________(heavy)yesterday!Sheisa________________girlandshedances________________(beautiful).Hesings________________(bad).Heisn'tagoodsinger.三、单项选择()Don'tgoout.It'sraining______.A.quietlyB.heavilyC.fast()Look!Thebirdisflying______inthesky.A.happyB.highlyC.high()The______boyislaughing______.A.excitedly;excitedB.excited;excitedlyC.excited;excited()Theboycried______.Butnowheis______.A.sad;happyB.sadly;happilyC.sadly;happy()Ihaveagoodfriend.Sheis______tome.A.friendlyB.strongC.excitedly()Theoldmanwalked______.A.quietB.slowlyC.slows()Thelionasked______,"Whocanhelpme?"A.happyB.sadC.sadly()Thelionbecame______andshouted______.A.angry;angrilyB.sadly;quietlyC.angrily;loudly()Thequestionis______,andIcandoit______.A.easy;easilyB.easily;easilyC.easy;easy()Mymotheralsodoes______athome.A.goodB.wellC.verygood四、根据上下文、首字母提示及括号内单词的适当形式填空。TodaywasSportsDayatSunshinePrimarySchool.Thestudentsarrivedatschoole____________inthemorning.Everyonewasexcited!First,thechildrenlinedup（排队）__________________(careful)intheplayground.MissLi________(say)tothem,"Pleasewalks____________andf____________therules!"Duringtherace,Tomranf____________andwonfirstplace.Hisfriendscheeredh____________forhim.Butinthejumpinggame,Lucy____________(slip)and____________(fall).Shestoodup____________(brave)andfinishedthegame.Afterlunch,theskyturneddark.Itstartedrainingh____________.Theteachersshouted____________(loud),"Gobacktoyourclassroomsq____________!"Suddenly,therainstopped.Thesuncameout,andeveryonewentoutsideagain.Thestudentsplayedgamesandlaughed__________________(excited).Attheendoftheday,theprincipalsmiledandsaid,"Youalldidw____________today!SportsDaywasasuccess!"固定搭配：dowell（做得好）keepquiet（保持安静）cheerforsb.（为某人喝彩）考点精练详细解析一、根据上下文提示和首字母填空happily（副词修饰动词laughed，规则：happy→happily，辅音+y结尾，变y为i加ly）hard（形副同形，修饰hits）loudly（副词修饰talk，直接加ly）quietly（副词修饰talk，quiet→quietly）quickly（副词修饰finish，quick→quickly）late（形副同形，修饰goestobed）angrily（副词修饰isstanding，angry→angrily）early;late（形副同形，修饰getup和gotobed）safely（副词修饰cross，safe→safely）slowly（副词修饰walks，slow→slowly）二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空carefully（修饰动词listen，careful→carefully）quickly（修饰ran，quick→quickly）beautifully（修饰sings，beautiful→beautifully）safely（修饰cross，safe→safely）strongly（修饰blew，strong→strongly）excitedly（修饰laughed，excited→excitedly）well（good的副词形式，修饰speaks）slowly（修饰walked，slow→slowly）suddenly（sudden→suddenly，双写n加ly）early（形副同形，修饰getup）loudly;sadly（修饰cried，loud→loudly；sad→sadly）well（修饰play，good→well）fast（形副同形，修饰isrunning）careful;carefully（Be后接形容词；修饰walk用副词）quiet（keep后接形容词）happily（修饰dancing，happy→happily）really（修饰nice，real→really）heavily（修饰snowed，heavy→heavi