河北省唐山市2023届高考二模英语试题（含听力）（解析版）VIP

唐山市2023届普通高等学校招生统一考试第二次模拟演练

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号

涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，

将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效C

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷

上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7・5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的

时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdoestheman'swifeprobablyliketoreceive?

A.Apearl.B.Flowers.C.Awashing

machine.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］W:Traditionally,acouplegiveeachotherflowersorfruit.

M:Butmywifeprefersappliancestomakehomemoreefficient.

W:Shemustbequitereasonableandgoodatfreeinguptime.

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

HowwillthespeakersprobablygotoParis'?

A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byair.

【答案】A

【解析】

（原文】M:Let'stakethefasttraintoParis,eventhoughit'smoreexpensivethanflying.

W:ButIprefertodriveacar.

M:It'suptoyou.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Amused.B.Annoyed.C.Surprised.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］W:Ihavetoldyoumanytimes.Ifeveryonelitteredlikeyou,theearthwouldn'tbe

livable!Weshouldrecycleeverythingforourowngood!

M:Allright,Tildomybest!

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whereareprobablythespeakers?

A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Attheclinic.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文JM:Howlonghaveyoufeltlikethis?

W:Nearlytwodays.Istartedthrowingupjustafterhavingthetake-outmyboyfriendordered.

M:Don,tworry.I'llgiveycuacheckup.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Sheisbuyingacoat.

B.Sheisaskingforafavor.

C.Sheiscomplainingoftheweather.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］W:It'sfreezingirhere!Peter,you'renearesttothewindow.Wouldyoumindclosingit?

M:IfIwereyou,Iwouldputonawarmcoat.

第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22・5分）

请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、

B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个

小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或

独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.HowdocsthewomanfeelaboutRohan'scomingexam?

A.Encouraged.B.Confident.C.Worried.

7.Whoisthewoman?

A.Rohan'smother.B.Rohan'steacher.C.Rohan's

classmate.

【答案】6.C7.B

【解析】

［原文］W:Hello,Rohan.Haveyoustartedpreparingfortheexam?

M:No.Iwillstarttomorrov/.

W:Iheexamistoonear,Rohan.Doyourememberyourmarksinthelastexam?Whyareyou

stillsayingtomorrow?

M:Actually,mathistootoughfbrme.IthinkIhavetoimprovemybasics.Otherwise,Ican't

studywellalone.

W:Why,youhaven'ttoldmethis.Iwouldhavehelpedyou.Cometotheofficeat4o'clockafter

class.

M:Thankyousomuch.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Fixatime.

B.Dropheroffontheway.

C.Takeherdresstothecleaner's.

9.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.

1().WhatwillthespeakersdoonSunday?

A.Buytickets.

B.Watchthefootballgame.

C.Attendtheweddingceremony.

【答案】8.C9.A10.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Wouldyoudropthisdressoffatthedrycleaner'sfbrme?

M:Okay,butit'salittleoutofmyway.CanIdoitonSaturday?

W:No.Ifyoutakeittoday,I'llbeabletopickituponSaturdaymorning.Drycleaningusually

takesoneday.I'dliketohaveitintimefbrthewedding.

M:Wedding?Whatwedding?

W:Don'tyouremember?YournieceSylviaisgoingtogetmarriedonSunday.

M:Oh,no!That'sthedayofthechampionshipfootballgame.Iboughtticketsamonthin

advance.

W:That'stoobad,butsurelyyoucanseethattheweddingismoreimportant.

M:Ofcourse.Myfriendwillbehappytohavemyticket.

听下面一段较长对话，【可答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.WhydoesthewomanchoosetostayintheUK?

A.Ilprovidesopportunities.

B.Herparentswanthertostay.

C.Shedoesn'tlikeherhomecountry.

12.Whatwillthewomandonext?

A.Go(oareseaichcenter.B.Studyintheoffice.C.Askfoiadvice.

13.Whatarcthespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Theirparents.B.Acareerplan.C.Working

experience.

【答案】11.A12.C13.B

【解析】

［原文］M:Hi,Susan.Howareyou?Youdon,tlookveryhappy.

W:I'malrightreally.Butitsmyparents.TheywantmetogobacktoThailandafterIgraduate.

M:Whydon'tyouwanttogoback?

W:Iwanttopursueacareerincomputerengineering.Idon'tthinkIcandothatinmyhome

country.

M:DoyouthinkyoucaneasilylandyourfirstjobhereintheUK?

W:Withmanyopportunitiesavailable,1believeitwillbeeasierformetobuildmycareerhere.

M:Whatpositiondoyouactuallywantforyourfuturecareer?

W:Iwant(oworkfulltimeasaresearchscientistspecializingincomputerengineering.

M:Awesome!Haveyouconsultedthecareeradvisoratthecareercenteroffice?

W:No,notyet.Itnevercrossedmymind.Willyougowithmenow?

M:Ofcourse.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.Whyisthewomanlisteningtobookswhileexercising?

A.Multitaskingsavestime.

B.Shehaleslisteningtomusic.

C.Itaddsenjoymenttoexercise.

15.Whatcanwesayaboutiheman?

A.Headmiresthewoman.

B.Helikesmakingfunofothers.

C.Heisgoodattimemanagement.

16.Whatwillthewomantalkaboutnext?

A.Behavingwell.B.Beingefficient.C.Giving

suggestions.

【答案】14.A15.A16.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Hi,Meg.Areyoulisteningtomusic?

W:No,I'mlisteningtosoundbooks.Thisway,1canlistentobooksandexerciseinthegymatthe

sametime.

M:Cool!Youcandotwothingsatonce.

W:Actually,forme,Idoenjoythesoundsofpagesturning.Iusedtoborrowpaperbooksfrom

theCityLibrary,althoughitisfarfrommyhouse.Butmyscheduleistight,youknow!

M:Soundslikeyou'regoodatmultitasking.

W:Yes.1canevenwatchtelevisionwhilerespondingtoworkemails.

M:Wouldyouemailonepersonwhiletalkingwithanotherortextamessagewhiledriving?

W:No!Itisimpoliteorillegal.

M:Iwasjustjoking!ButhowIwishIcouldbalancethingsatthesametime.Willyoupleasegive

mesomesuggestionsonhowtobecomeasefficientasyou?

W:Noproblem!

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音赧，请去附件查看】

17.HowoldwasMorpurgowhenhestartedteaching?

A.24.B.34.C.44.

18.WhydidMorpurgosetupfarms?

A.Togetawayfromteaching.

B.Toleavehimwithgoodmemories.

C.Toexposechildrentoplantsandanimals.

19.WhatisMorpurgogoodat?

A.MakingTVshows.B.Tellingstories.C.Performing

magic.

20.WhichcamesecondintheWhitbreadChildren'sBookAward?

A.WarHorse.B.TheButterflyLion.C.MyFriendWalter.

【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A

【解析】

【原文】MichaelMorpurgo,borninStAlbansin1943,istheauthorofmanywell-known

booksforchildren,fiveofv/hichhavebeenmadeintofilms.Afterabriefandunsuccessfulperiod

inthearmy,heCookupteachingin1967,whenhefoundhistrueinterestinwriting.Heleft

teachingaftertenyearsinordertosetupacharity“FannsfbrCityChildren"withhiswife.He

thoughtwhatchildrenneededmostwerewonderfulandmemorableexperiencesthatwouldhelp

themfindmoreabouttheworldandthemselves.TheyhavetlirecfarmsinDevon,Walesand

Gloucestershire,opentoinnercityschoolchildrenwhocometostayandworkwiththeplantsand

animals.Heisalsoafatherandgrandfather.Childrenhavealwaysplayedalargepartinhislife.

Morpurgohasagiftformagicalstorytelling.HismostpopularbooksincludeWarHorse,which

wasrunner-upfbrtheWhitbreadChildren'sBookAwardin1982andbecameancnonnous

successonstageandonscreen;MyFriendWalter,whichwasadaptedfbrtelevision.TheButterfly

Liondrawsontheauthor'sownunhappyexperiencesatboardingschool.Hewasawardedan

OrderoftheBritishEmpirein2006forservicestoliterature.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2・5分，满分27・5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项

A

Richlifeexperienceshavehelpedmakeupeverythingyouaretoday.Sojustimaginehow

manyvaluableexperiencesyourelderscansharewithyou.Whenyouspendtimevolunteering

withseniors,you'llbenefitjustasmuchastheydo!

We'veputtogethersomeideasfordifferentwaystolendahand,oralisteningeartoseniors.

Remember,simplygivingyourtimeandconversationcansometimesmeanthemost.

Visitanassistedlivingfacility

Oneofthemostmeaningfulthingsyoucandoforsomeoneinanassistedlivingfacilityis

sharesomequalitytimetogether.Whetheryou'regoingtoseeaneighbororlovedone.callahead

toplanatimetodropby.Evenifyourdaysfillupquickly,justaquickhellocanbrighten

someone'sday.

Reachoutlocally

Chancesarethatthereareseniorsrightinyourownneighborhoodwhocoulduseyourhelp.

•Someseniors'healthpreventsthemfromgettingout.Keep(hemfromfeelinglonelybygoing

foravisitorbringingoverameal.

•Offertodomanyaround-the-housechoresfortheseniors.

Beacompanion

Therearcplentyofseniorswhocouldusesomecompany!Andtherearemanyprogramsand

organizationsthatcanmatchyouupwiththeperfectseniorfriendinyourarea.

•WiththeElderHelpersprogram,youcansignuptohelpinwaysthatfityourinterestsand

skills.

•YoucanjointheSeniorCorpsprogramtohelpolderseniorswithdailytasks.

•YoucanalsovolunteertohelpagingseniorsthroughorganizationssuchastheNationalCouncil

onAging.

Beaskillfultalker

Youcanlearnfromyourolderfriends-manyof(heirexperiencesmaysurpriseyou!Butit

canoftenbechallengingtoknowjustwhattoaskinordertostartaconversation.

•Discovertheirpassion:Doesyourfriendlovetocook?Askthemtoshareafavoritefamily

recipe.They'llwelcometheopportunitytochataboutit.

•Discovertheirskills:Askyourfriendsabouttheirskillsandhobbies-sewing,woodworking,

writing.Requestthattheyteachyoua(hingortwo.

•Makesomeartwork:Turnselectpagesofyourmemorybookintowallartfortheirroom,andso

yourfriendcanconlinuouslyrecallgoodtimes.

21.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodothroughthetext?

A.Toexplainhowtomakeseniorshappy.

B.Tointroducethebenefitsofvolunteering.

C.lbencouragepeopletoshareexperiences.

D.Togiveaguideforvolunteeringwithseniors.

22.Howmanyprogramsandorganizationsarcmentioned?

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

23.Whatisthe“Beaskillfultalker'partabout?

A.Howtoanswerquestions.B.Howtomakeupstories.

C.Howtopersuadetheseniors.D.Howtostartaconversation.

【答案】21D22.B23.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文e文章主要介绍几个招募志愿者做一些和老年人有关的工作，并且

志愿者也会有所收获。

【21题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Whenyouspendtimevolunteeringwithseniors,you'llbenefit

justasmuchastheydo!（当你花时间和老年人一起做志愿者时，你会和他们一样受益!）”和

第二段“We'vepultogethersomeideasfordifferentwaystolendahand,oralisteningear（o

seniors.（我们汇集了一些不同的想法,以帮助老年人，或倾听他们的心声了可知,文章是

在介绍和老年人有关的志愿者工作的一些想法。故选D项。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据Beacompanion部分“Thereareplentyofseniorswhocouldusesome

company!Andtherearemanyprogramsandorganizationsthatcanmatchyouupwiththeperfect

seniorfriendinyourarea.

•WiththeElderHelpersprogram,youcansignuptohelpinwaysthatfityourinterestsand

skills.

•YoucanjointheSeniorCorpsprogramtohelpolderseniorswithdailytasks.

•YoucanalsovolunteertohelpagingseniorsthroughorganizationssuchastheNationalCouncil

onAging.（有很多老年人需要陪伴!有许多项目和组织可以帮你找到你所在地区的合适的老

年朋友。

・有了长者帮助计划，你可以按照自己的兴趣和技能报名参加帮助。

•你可以加入老年人团项目，帮助老年人完成日常工作。

•你也可以通过国家老龄委员会等组织自愿帮助老年人）”可知，文中提到了三个组织和项

目。故选B项。

【23题详解】

主旨大意题。根据Beaskillfultalker部分“Youcanleamfromyourolderfriends-manyof

theirexperiencesmaysurpriseyou!Butitcanoftenbechallengingtoknowjustwhattoaskin

ordertostartaconversation.（你可以向年K的朋友学习他们的许多经历可能会计你大吃

一惊!但是要想知道要开始一段对话该问什么问题通常是很有挑战性的）”并结合下面三条

具体建议可知，该部分主要介绍如何开始和老年人交谈，从哪里开始话题。故选D项。

Likemostpeople,Ihadalotoftimeonmyhandsthesepastfewyears,andIspentmostofit

onmyphone.This,togetherwithanxietymedication(药物治疗)，hasmademybrainweak.I've

neverhadaverygoodmemory,butbysummerof2021,1sawthelittlememorythatIdidhave

disappearsuddenlywhileGoogling“benafleCkbrtherbad1.”

Igrewfrustrated.Icouldn'trememberthenameofJoar.Holloway'sinilitaryhusbandfrom

MadMenwithoutlookingitup,orthenameofmycollegefriend,whowouldcomeintomydorm

regularlytotalkabouthowmuchheworkedout.Noneofthiswasespeciallyusefulorlife­

changinginformation,butIwantedtorememberitwithoutmakingashamefulmessofmysearch

history.

Inspiredbyadesiretoimpressmyselfandothers,Idecidedtostoplookingstuffuponline

andseewhathappened.WhenIcouldn'trememberthecharacterfromMadMen,insteadof

instantlyturningtomyphone,1justsatthere,thinking,veryhard.(Aha!Gregwashisname.)And

somynewskillwasborn:StrongBrain.

Forafewmonths,Ididn'tmakeanyprogress.SometimesIwouldsitwithoutknowing

somethingforhours,wellafterwhoeverIwaswithhadlookedi(upandhadmovedonto

knowingthenextthingthaticouldn'tremember.1wasfrequentlylaughedatandmadetofeel

stupidforsittingwithmyarmscrossed.Iwasteasedfornotcomingupwithanswerstothingsthat

nooneonearthshouldknowsimplybecauseItookanattitudeagainstlookingthemup.

Butwhilethesoundsofmyhatersgotlouderandlouder,mybrainbeefedupinmydefense.

AsfriendstriedtorememberthenameoftheactorwhoplayedRobinWilliams'ssweetheartin

Jumanji,Ispokeunthinkinglywith'BonnieHunt'.

Ifyou'relikemeandhavealwayswantedtobetheshiny,prettypersonatapartythat

everj-oneislisteningtoandsmilingatandwonderingwhereshegotherhaircut,IthinkStrong

Brainis(hepartytrickfbryou.

24.Whatdowelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?

A.Shewasoverusingthephone.

B.Shewastedalotoftimeonthecalls.

C.Shewasaddictedtoanxietymedicine.

D.Shemademanyspellingerrorswhilesearching.

25.Whatdidtheauthordecide(odoafterthesummerof2021?

A.Improveherrecall.B.Seekhelpfrommedicine.

C.Clearuphersearchhistory.D.Connectwithhercollegefriend.

26.Whatdidotherpeoplethinkoftheauthor'snewskilltraining?

A.Difficult.B.Important.C.Ridiculous.D.

Rewarding.

27.Whatisthebesttitleof:hctext?

A.MyConcernoverAnxiety.B.MyWaytoBeBrain-Strong.

C.MyFightwithHighTechnology.D.MySufferingfromPoorMemory.

【答案】24.A25.A26.C27.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者因为长期玩手机导致记忆力下降，因此就利

用最强大脑（StrongBrain）来让自己增强记忆力。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Likemostpeople,Ihadalotoftimeonmyhandsthesepastfew

years,andIspentmostofitonmyphone.（和大多数人一样，在过去的几年里，我有很多时

间，大部分时间都花在了手机上。）”可知，作者大部分时间都花在了手机上，即她过度使

用手机。故选Ao

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段Inspiredbyadesiretoimpressmyselfandothers,Idecidedtostop

lookingstuffuponlineandseewhathappened.WhenIcouldn'trememberthecharacterfrom

MadMen,insteadofinstantlyturningtomyphone.Ijustsatthere,thinking,veryhard.（Aha!

Gregwashisname.）Andsomynewskillwasborn:StrongBrain.（出于给自己和他人留下深刻

印象的愿望，我决定停止在网上查找资料，看看发生了什么。当我记不起《广告狂人》中

的角色时，我没有立即转向手机，而是坐在那里，非常认真地思考。（啊哈！格雷格是他的

名字。）于是我的新技能诞生了：最强大脑。）”可知，作者在2021年夏天开始训练自己，

提高记忆力。故选A。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“Iwasfrequentlylaughedatandmadetofeelstupidforsittingwith

myarmscrossed.1wasteasedfornotcomingupwithanswerstothingsthatnooneonearth

shouldknowsimplybecauseItookanattitudeagainstlookingthemup.（我经常因为双臂交叉坐

着而被嘲笑，并感到自己很愚蠢。我被取笑没有对地球上没有人应该知道的事情给出答

案，仅仅是因为我采取/不去查的态度。）”可知，其他人认为作者的行为很荒唐可笑的。

故选C。

【27题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"I'veneverhadaverygoodmemory,butbysummerof2021,1saw

thelittlememorythatIdidhavedisappearsuddenlywhileGoogling“benafleCkbrtherbad1."（我

的记忆力从来都不是很好，但到了2021夏天，我在谷歌上搜索“ben-afleCkbrtherbad1”

时，我发现自己的小记忆突然消失了。）”和第三段uInspiredbyadesiretoimpressmyself

andothers,Idecidedtostoplookingstuff'uponlineandseewhathappened.WhenIcouldn't

rememberthecharacterfromMadMen,insteadofinstantlyturningtomyphone,Ijustsatthere,

thinking,veryhard.（Aha!Gregwashisname.）Andsomynewskillwasborn:StrongBrain.（出

于给自己和他人留下深刻印象的愿望，我决定停止在网上查找资料，看看发生了什么。当

我记不起《广告狂人》中的角色时，我没有立即转向手机，而是坐在那里，非常认真地思

考。（啊哈！格雷格是他的名字。）于是我的新技能诞生了：最强大脑。）”可知，这篇文章

主要讲述作者是如何通过最强大脑来提高自己的记忆力的事情，B项“我的最强大脑之

路。”适合做文章标题。故选B。

C

Thebrownpaperbaghittheground.AMichelinengineerpickeditupandopenedit,

revealingacracked,leakinoegg.ThethirdgradersatA.J.WhittenbergElementarySchoolwere

disappointedwhentheysawtherunnymess.

ItwasengineeringweekatAJ.Whittenberg,apublicprimaryschoolinGreenville,South

Carolina.Oneweekpermonth,engineersfromlocalindustriesvisittheclassroomsandtalkto

studentsabouttheircareers.

Greenvilleisnowintroducingtheideaofacareerpathtostudentsinprimaryschooland

givingstudentstheoptiontofollowthoseprogramstomiddleandhighschools.Eachprimary

schoolfocusesonaspecifictechnicalskill.Thedistrictallowsstudentstoattendschoolsoutside

oftheirattendanceboundariesaslongasspaceisavailable,whichmeansstudentscanchooseto

continuetofollowtheirchosencareerpathwayatamiddleschoolwithcorrespondingprograms.

TheeffbriinGreenvilleispartofagrowingnationaltrendinwhichschooldistrictspartner

withlocalindustriestodevelopcurriculum（课程）andexposestudentstospecializedcareersata

youngage.

Someeducationexpertsworrythefocusonindustryqualificationshasresultedinschools

takingonresponsibilitiesthatshouldfalltobusinesses,liketrainingworkersfbrspecificjob

duties,damagingamorecomprehensiveeducationinschools.''Schoolsaretonotjustprepare

peopleforworkandstrengthentheeconomy,butalsoaplacewherestudentsshouldexperience

art,musicandthinkcreatively,saidJackSchneider,aprofessorofeducationattheUniversityof

Massachusetts.

AteacherfromGreenville,however,said,“Careerexposurehasabigimpactonkids.We're

notreallywantingthemlomakeadecision—Tminthesecondgradeandnowrmlockedinto

beingwhateverwhenIgraduatefromhighschoolin10years?Wejusthopestudentswalkacross

thegraduationstagewithplansfbracareerinmind.^^

Moderntimesneedmodernsolutions.Whenstudentsleaveschool,theyneedtobealready

downtheirroadtocollege,:fthat'swhatthey'regoingtodo,orschoolsneedtogivethem

somethingthatallowsthemtogettoworkandcamaliving.Justgettingoutwithahighschool

degreedoesn'tdothat.

28.Whywerethethirdgracersdisappointed?

A.Theirtestfailed.B.Thebagmissedthetarget.

C.Engineersdisturbedthem.D.Theyhadtocleantheground.

29.WhatdoesGreenvilledotohelpstudentsfollowtheirchosenpath?

A.Designmorecareerpaths.B.Inviteengineerstotheirschools.

C.Adopttheopenenrollmentpolicy.D.Offermorecoursesforthemto

choose.

30.WhatisJackSchneiderconcernedabout?

A.People'semployment.B.Students'overalldevelopment.

C.Thenation'seconomy.D.Theschoofsinnovativeeducation.

31Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostlikelyagreewith?

A.Modemsolutionsarehardtofind.

B.Morestudentsneedcollegeeducation.

C.Greenville'spracticeisnotacceptable.

D.Ahighschooldegreeisnotenoughforjobs.

【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述南卜罗来纳州格林维尔所公立小学AJ.Whiuenberg

的工程周。每个月有一周，来自当地行业的工程师会参观教室，与学生谈论他们的职业生涯。

【28题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"Thebrownpaperbaghittheground.AMichelinengineerpickedit

upandopenedit,revealingacracked,leakingegg.ThethirdgradersatA.J.Whittenberg

ElementarySchoolweredisappointedwhentheysawtherunnymess.（棕色纸袋掉至ij地上了。米

其林一位工程师把它捡起来打开，发现一个破裂、漏蛋液的鸡蛋。当A.J.Whittenberg小

学的三年级学生看到这些乱七八糟的东西时，他们很失望。）”可知，三年级学生看到这些

乱七八糟的东西时，他们很失望，是因为他们的实验失败了。故选A。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段wGreenvilleisnowintroducingtheideaofacareerpathtostudentsin

primaryschoolandgivingstudentstheoptiontofollowthoseprogramstomiddleandhigh

schools.Eachprimaryschoolfocusesonaspecifictechnicalskill.Thedistrictallowsstudentsto

attendschoolsoutsideoftheirattendanceboundariesaslongasspaceisavailable,whichmeans

sludcnlscanchuosutocoiilinuclofulluwtheiruliusciicarccipathwayatamiddleschoolwith

correspondingprograms.（格林维尔现在正在向小学学生引入职业道路的想法，并让学生可

以选择跟随这些项目进入中学和高中。每一所小学都专注于一项特定的技术技能。该学区

允许学生在有空间的情况下就读于其入学界限之外的学校，这意味着学生可以选择在有相

应项目的中学继续走他们选择的职业道路。）”可知，格林维尔采用开放招生政策来帮助学

生走自己选择的道路。故选C。

【30题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“"Schoolsaretonotjustpreparepeopleforworkandstrengthenthe

economy,butalsoaplacewherestudentsshouldexperienceart,musicandthinkcreatively,said

JackSchneider,aprofessorofeducationattheUniversityofMassachusetts.（马萨诸塞大学教育

学教授JackSchneider说：“学校不仅要让人们为工作做好准备，加强经济，也是学生应该

体验艺术、音乐和创造性思维的地方。“）”可知，JackSchneider教授认为学生们一个要

全面的发展。故选

[31题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Moderntimesneedmodemsolutions.Whenstudentsleave

school,theyneedtobealreadydowntheirroadtocollege,ifthat'swhatthey'regoingtodo,or

schoolsneedtogivethemsomethingthatallowsthemtogettoworkandearnaliving.Justgetting

outwithahighschooldegreedoesn,tdothat.（现代需要现代的解决方案。当学生离开学校

时，他们需要已经在上大学的路上了，如果这是他们要做的，或者学校需要给他们一些东

西，让他们能够工作和谋生。仅仅获得高中学位并不能做到这一点。）”可知，高中学历并

不能让学生们将来工作和谋生。故选D“

D

Machinelearningseesreasoningasacategorizationtaskwithafixedsetofpredetermined

labels.Itviewstheworldasafixedspaceofpossibilities,calculatingandweighingthemall.This

approach,ofcourse,hasachievednotablesuccesseswhenappliedtostableandwell-defined

situationssuchaschessorcomputergames.Whensuchconditionsareabsent,however,machines

struggle.

In2008,GooglelaunchedFluTrends,awebservicethataimedtopredictflu-relaieddoctor

visitsusingbigdata.Theproject,however,failedtopredictthe2009HINIfluoutbreak.After

severalunsuccessfuladjustmentstoitsalgoriihm（算法），Googlefinallystoppedtheproject

in2015.

Insuchunstablesituations,thehumanbrainbehavesdifferently.Sometimes,itsimply

forgets.Insteadofgettingtrappedininelevantdata,itreliesonlyonthemostrecentinformation

andmakescreativedecisions.Thisisafeaturecalledintelligentforgetting.Adoptingthis

approach,analgorithmthatreliesonasingledatapointwouldhavereducedGoogleFluTrends'

predictionerrorbyhalf.

IntelligentforgettingisjustonedimensionofpsychologicalAI,anapproachtomachine

intelligencethatalsoincludesotherfeaturesofhumanintelligencesuchascausalreasoning,

intuitive（直觉）psychology,andphysics.Soon,thisapproachtoAlwillfinallyberecognizedas

fundamentalforsolvingpoorly-definedproblems.Exploringtheseamazingfeaturesofthehuman

brainwillfinallyallowustomakemachinelearningsmart.

OnefeatureofpsychologicalAlisthatitisexplainable.Untilrecently,researchersassumed

thatthemoretransparentanAIsystemwas,thelessaccurateitspredictionswere.Thismirrored

thewidespreadbutincorrectbeliefthatcomplexproblemsalwaysneedcotnplcxsolutions.Now,

thisideawillbelaidtorest.Astheeaseofflupredictionsillustrates,powerfulandsimple

psychologicalalgorithmscanoftengivemoreaccuratepredictionsthancomplexalgorithms.

PsychologicalAIopensupanewvisionforexplainableAI:insteadoftryingtoexplaincomplex

systems,wecancheckfirstifpsychologicalAloffersasimpleandequallyaccuratesolution.

Withoutthehelpofhumanpsychology,itwillbecomeclearerthattheapplicationofthistype

ofmachinelearningtounstablesituationseventuallyrunsupagainstimpassablelimitations.We

willfinallyrecognizethatmorecomputingpowermakesmachinesfaster.Notsmarter.

32.WhyisFluTrendsmentioned?

A.Tbclarifyaconcept.B.Totelltheseriousoutbreak.

C.lbsupporttheauthor'sidea.D.Toprovidereaderswiththetruth.

33.Whatis（headvantageofhumanbrainaccordingtothepassage?

A.Itcanthinkoutsidethebox.B.Itcanavoidunclearproblems.

C.Iliscapableoflearningoverlime.D.Itisgoodalfollowinginstructions.

34.Whichhasthesimilarmeaningwiththeunderlinedword“transparent”inparagraph5?

A.Similar.B.Unique.C.Complete.D.Clear.

35.Whatdocstheauthorin:cndtotellus?

A.AIspeedsupthecomputinggreatly.

B.PsychologicalAlcanmakesmarterAI.

C.AIsystemworkswellinstablesituations.

D.AIwilloutperformthehumanbrainsomeday.

【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了心理人工智能可以让人工智能变得更聪明。

【32题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"Thisapproach,ofcourse,hasachievednotablesuccesseswhen

appliedtost