山东菏泽市2024届高考压轴卷英语试卷含解析

山东荷泽市2024届高考压轴卷英语试卷

请考生注意：

1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答

案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2.答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）

1.Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight,youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally.

A.noneB.some

C.manyD.nothing

2..Thestudyofnaturalhistoryisnotsomethingtobelefttobiologists.Infact,theircapacitythetimetheycan

spendawayfromtheirofficesisverylimited.

A.intermsofB.insearchof

C.inviewofD.inspiteof

3.Thetrafficproblemswearelookingforwardtoseeingshouldhaveattractedthegovernment'sattention.

A.solvingB.solveC.solvedD.tosolve

4.Nowtheworld'sattentionthestockingmarkets,astheyhavegreatinfluenceontheworld'seconomy.

A.isfixingonB.isbeingfixedon

C.hasfixedonD.hadbeenfixedon

5.Ifitforhergreathelpthen,IwouldnotstudyEnglishsowellnow.

A.hasn'tbeenB.wasn't

C.hadn'tbeenD.isn't

6.IbrokemyrelationshipwithPeterbecausehealwaysfoundwithme.

A.errorB.failure

C.mistakeD.fault

7.—Thebatteryinmycellphoneisrunninglow.

—Ithatlastnightbeforewewenttobed.

A.wasnoticingB.havenoticedC.wouldnoticeD.hadnoticed

8.一Wouldyoubesokindastotakethisheavyboxupstairsforme?

A.It*smypleasure.B.Helpyourself.

C.Sure,withpleasure.D.Takeyourtime.

9.The90'speopleseemtohaveenjoyedthegreatbenefitsaboutbythegreatlevelofculturaland

economicdevelopment.

A.broughtB.bringing

C.tobebroughtD.havingbrought

10.Aseconomyisdeclining,jobstotheyoung,continuetobescarce.

A.availableB.convenient

C.comfortableD.valuable

11.—Excuseme,couldyoutellmethetime,please?

Sorry,Idon'thaveawatchwithme.

A.Thanksalot.B.Whatapity.

C.I'msorrytohearthatD.Thanksallthesame

12.IafluwhenIwasonaspringoutingwithmyclassmate.

A.caughtupB.pickedup

C.tookupD.broughtup

13.Liftingoffatsunrise,thehotairballoongoeswhereverthewindblow.

A.mayB.mustC.needD.should

14.Thehousecaughtfirelastweek,withlittleoftheoriginalbuilding.

A.remainB.remainedC.remainsD.remaining

15.—Iwasintendedtototheconcertwithyouthisweekend,butIcan'tnow.

A.BadB.That'sright

C.NotatallD.You'rewelcome

16.areceptiontocelebratethe68thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,vicepremier

LiuattachedimportancetomutuallybeneficialcooperationbetweenUSAandChina.

A.AddressingB.Addressed

C.BeingaddressedD.Toaddress

17.ThehouseIliveinisverysmall.

A.thatB.whomC.whenD.what

18.Thereisasafreedinnerinthisworld.Asthesayinggoes,“Nopains,nogains.”

A.nosuchagoodthingB.suchnogoodthing

C.nosuchgoodthingD.notsoagoodthing

19.一Eachofthestudentsworkinghardattheirhardattheirlessonsthebook.

…SohaveI.

A.reads

B.haveread

C.hasread

D.read

20.—Bettywasfeelingprettyblueforawhile,butshe'sbetternow.

A.Oh,that'skindofyouB.Congratulations

C.Oh,TmgladtohearthatD.It'smypleasure

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）NEWHAVEN,ConnecticutAsurpriseawaitedstudentsinYalewhoshowedupforProfessor

LaurieSantos'sclass.Theygotslipsofpaperthatsaid,“Noclasstoday."Therewasonlyoneruleforthestudents

'unexpectedfreetimeTheywerenotallowedtostudy,buttorelax.Sinceexamsandpaperswerecomingup,

everyonewastiredandstressed.Atthismomenttheyweretouched.Witharoundapplause,ninestudentshuggedSantos,

andtwoburstintotears.

Yet,cancellingclasswasnotjustabreak.Itwasalsoachallenge,asshewasaskingthemtostopworryingabout

theirgrades,evenifitwasjustanhour.OnestudentwenttotheYaleUniversityArtGalleryforthefirsttimeinherfour

yearsatYale.Agroupofstudentswenttoarecordingstudioandplayedanewsong.Morepeoplewereoutside,and

moreweresmiling.Thafswhyabout1,200studentsweretakingSantos'sclass,called^PsychologyandtheGoodLife,“

thelargestclassinYale's317-yearhistory.Evennon-YalestudentshadthechancetotakeSantos'sclass.Itwasoffered

asanonlinecourseandsheimmediatelybecameanInternethit.

SkylerRobinson,oneofherstudents,wasatalossforawhileaboutwhattododuringhisbreak,andthendecided

totakeanap."Itwasagreatnap,“hecommented.Santosdesignedtheclassaftersherealizedthatherstudentskept

busythroughlongdaysthatseemedfarmoredepressingandjoylessthanherowncollegeyears."Theyfeelthey'rein

thiscrazyratrace.They'reworkingsohardthattheycan'ttakeasinglehouroff.That'sawful."

Theideasbehindtheclassaresimple.Santossaid,“Itisthehopethatsciencecanhelpstudentsfindpeaceamong

allthestressesanddifficultiestheyfaceatcollege.*5Thelessonsincludeshowingmoregratitude,performingactsof

kindnessandincreasingsocialconnections.Thestudentsreallywantedtolearntoleadahappylifeinascience-driven

way.Santosalsonotedthepsychologicalhappeningoft4mis-wantingM,whichledpeopletoworktowardsthewronggoals

inlife.

Oneweek,Santoaskedstudentstoexercise.Anotherweek,shewantedthemtogetmoresleep.Theyworkedhard

tokeepsomenewhabits.Socialscienceresearchledtomanynewunderstandingsofhowpeoplefindhappiness.She

thinksherclasscanchangeYale,orrather,notjustYale.

1Howdidstudentsrespondtothecancellingclass?

A.Theyexpressedtheirconcern.

B.Theywereatalosswhattodo.

C.Theyshowedgratitudetotheteacher.

D.Theywereeagertostudyindividually.

2、HowcanweknowSanto'sclasswaspopular?

A.Fromtheattendenceinherclass.

B.Fromthesubjectshetaught.

C.FromthelonghistoryofYale.

D.Fromthereleaseoftheonlinecourse.

3、WhatcanstudentslearnfromSantos'sclass?

A.Todevelopgoodstudyhabits.

B.Toletexercisebecometheirroutine.

C.Tobetterunderstandhowtofindhappiness.

D.Todosomethingjoyfulduringthestressfultime.

4、Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Santoshadamorestressfultimeinhercollege.

B.StudentswouldbeinratraceafterSantos'sclass.

C.Santos'sinfluencecanreachawiderrangeofpeople.

D.Santosisgoingtocancelmoreclassesforbettereffects.

22.（8分）Skepticsareastrangelot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestothe

environment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spreadnothingbutbad

newsabouttheenvironment.The"eco-guilt“broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothe

popularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.

PerhapsthatexplainwhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook,TheSkeptical

Environmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe“realstateoftheworld“asfine.Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthe

deeppocketssomebigbusinesseswithspecialinterests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg'sviewsaresimilartothoseofsome

Industry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthoughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslike

globalwarming.

SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg'sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontraryto

mostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,

evenwiththeconclusionthat“AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.”

Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,a

respectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMnLomborg's^preferencefor

unexaminedmaterialsisincredible（不可信的）

Acritical（批判的）eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopleto

makeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefend

somespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.Thafsashame,

becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.

1、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas“skeptics”?

A.Peoplewhoagreeonthepopularityof**eco-guiltM.

B.Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.

C.Peoplewhodisliketheharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.

D.Peoplewhospreadcomfortingnewstoprotectourenvironnient.

2、WhichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthepopularityofLomborg'sbooks?

A.Somebigbusinessesintendtoprotecttheirowninterests.

B.Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateoftheworld.

C.Theauthorconvincespeopletoseekcomfortingworldviews.

D.Industry-fundedmediapresentconfusinginformation.

3、TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto・

A.voiceadifferentopinion

B.findfaultwithLomborg'sbook

C.challengetheauthorityofthemedia

D.poinloutthevalueofscientificviews.

4、Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.

B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf^blindnesswithreviews.

C.Toblamethemedia'slackofresponsibilityinpresentinginformation.

I）.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.

23.（8分）

Castaways

Specialist

tailor-madeholidays

toMallorca,

Turkey-YakamozHotelSpain,Madeira,

Established1992Portugal,The

YakamozisasmallandfriendlyhotelsituatednearFethiyeinSouth-WestTurkey.OfferingCanaryIslands,

traditionalrI\irkishhospitality,fabulousMediterraneancuisine,andcharminggardens,CyprusandFrance.

Yakamozdelightsallwhoenteritsgates.*****

•Allroomshavebathroomsandbalconies;QuoteLonelyPlanet

,OpenApriltolateOctober;M/kGAZINETO

,2019rates-twinrooms£20perperson-incl.breakfast;SAVE

•Showthisadtogetanexclusive10%LonelyPlanetmagazinediscount.£50perPERSON

ONYOUR2019

Email:info@HOLIDAY.

*****

01737812255

www.castaways.co.il

k

RailHolidaysoftheWorld

ONCEINALIFETIMEPERUADVENTURE

•DiscoverPeruandBrazil'scultural

TheDesert,theAndesandtheAmazononaspectacular2-weekSelf

highlightsbytrain;

Driveguidedholiday.ReachlocationsinSouthAmericaotherscanonly

,ExplorcCaliforniabysteamandrailroad;

dreamofwithPeruSafari.

,TravelbyrailintoEasternCanada'sremote

/***//***✓/***/

wilderness;

PERUSAFARI

,TakeafabulousrailtourofAustralia&New

Theheartofadventure

Zealandinearly2019.Over40Yearsof

UnforgettableRail

T:01744889819or

Journeys

M:07522776160

☆☆☆☆☆

E:info@

FFestingiogTravel

VV:

0017512400

81、Whatisthecostfor2nightsofaccommodationfor2peopleattheYakaniozHotelwiththeLonelyPlanetdiscount?

A.£88.B.£80.

C.£72.D.£64.

1、Railholidaysareavailablefor.

A.NorthAmerica,EuropeandAustralia

B.NorthAmerica,SouthAmericaandAsia

C.Australia,AsiaandEurope

D.NorthAmerica,SouthAmericaandAustralia

2^HowmanyadvertisementsofferholidaystoPeru?

A.One.B.Two.

C.Three.D.Four.

24.（8分）WhenWarrenBuffett,themostsuccessfulinvestor,wasaskedaboutthesecrettohiswealthand

success,herevealedthathereadeveryday,500pages,tobeprecise.Unfortunately,ifyou'realreadyworking9—5,you

mightnothavethetimetoreadatall,letaloneanentirebookaday.Butwhatifyoucouldgetthebenefitsofreading

withoutsacrificingallofyourfreetime?Youcan!WiththeBlinkistapp,yougetthekeylearninginminutes,nothours

ordays.Ourexpertstransformthesebooksintoquick,easy-to-understandinsights.Startwiththe5most-readbooks.

1.ThirteenThingsMentallyStrongPeopleDon*tDo

byAmyMorin12minreadingtime27kreads

Doyoustruggletogetoveryourfailures?Gettingoverthesecanhaveaprofoundinfluenceonyoureverydaylife.

Morinshareshowhermostsuccessfulpatientsovercamethesedifficulties.

2.HowtoStopWorryingandStartLiving

byDaleCarnegie19minreadingtime238kreads

Everwonderedwhyyoucan'tstopworryingaboutsomething?Bydefiningthesourceofyourstress,youcanget

overitonceandforall.Carnegiecameupwithaformulathathelpsyouhandleanyoverthinkingsituation.

3.HowWillYouMeasureYourLife?

byClaytonM.Christensen1minreadingtime17kreads

Areyoumakingtherighttrade-offs(权衡)inlife?Whilecareerachievementscanbesatisfying,neglectingyour

familyandfriendscanbebadinthelong-run—inwaysyoucan'tevenimagine.

4.FindingYourElement

byKenRobinson1minreadingtime62.4kreads

Everyonehasapassion.Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyoursis,itjustmeansyouhaven'tdiscoveredityet.Findouthow

youcanbreakfreeofsociety'sstrictrulesandfindyourcallinginlife.

5.EmotionalIntelligence

byDanielGoleman16minreadingtime318kreads

Didyouknowifyourpulseraterisesabove10()bpm,you'redeemedtooemotionaltothinkrationally?You

probablyletfeelingscloudyourjudgmentmoreoftenthanyouknow.Golemanexplainshowyoucanavoidlettingyour

emotionsruleyouandmakebetterdecisionsinlife.

1>WhatkindofpeopledoestheBlinkistappbestsuit?

A.Successfulinvestors.B.Richbusinessmen.

C.Peoplewhohavelittletimeforreading.D.Studentswholovebooks.

2、Whichbookhasbeenreadbythelargestnumberofpeople?

A.HowtoStopWorryingandStartLiving.

B.HowWillYouMeasureYourLife?

C.FindingYourElement.

D.EmotionalIntelligence.

3、Whichbookoffersadvicetopeoplewhofeelstressed?

A.ThirteenThingsMentallyStrongPeopleDon'tDo.

B.HowtoStopWorryingandStartLiving.

C.HowWillYouMeasureYourLife?

D.FindingYourElement.

25.(10分)LOSANGELES—KobeBryantisawinnerinretirement,too.TheformerLosAngelesLakersstarwon

anOscarintheanimatedshortcategoryfor“DearBasketball,^apoemhewroteafterendinghis20-yearcareeronthe

courtin2016.

He'lladdittoanalreadyjammedtiwhycollectionthatincludesfiveNBAchampionshipswiththeLakers,two

Olympicgoldmedals,NBAFinalsmostvaluableplayerawards,aleagueMVPawardandfourAll-StargameMVP

awards.

Asexecutiveproducer,BryantacceptedhisgoldenOscarstatuefrom“StarWars“starMarkHamillonSunday

night.HesharedtheawardwithDisneyanimatorGlenKeane.

AmongthoseofferingtheircongratulationsviaTwitterwereHallofFamersMagicJohnson,BillRusselland

ShaquilleO'Neal,Bryant'sformerLakersteammatewhoadmitted,"I'mjealous!**

Sincehanginguphisbasketballshoes,Bryanthasthrownhimselfintobusiness(anewNikeshoe)andvarious

formsofstorytelling.

“Asbasketballplayers,we'retoldtoshutupanddribble,MBryantsaidonstage.“I'mgladwedidalittlebitmore

thanthat.”

Hethankedhiswife,Vanessa,andhisthreedaughters,namingeachofthem.HespokeafewwordsofItalian——a

languagehelearnedasachildgrowingupinItaly—andclosedbytellingthem,“Youaremyinspiration/9

1、Accordingtothepassage,KobeBryantwontheOscarbecauseof.

A.histakingpartintheanimationmovie

B.hisfamousreputationinbasketball

C.hispoemwrittenafterhisformercareer

D.hiswinningintheanimatedshortcategory

2、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"trophy”?

A.award

B.present

C.harvest

D.possession

3、Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Apersonaldiary

B.Asciencereport

C.Anewspaper

D.Atextbook

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）AngelaFullmeralreadyhadenoughtohandle.She'drecentlycompletedherbachelor'sdegreeandshe

hadgivenbirthtoher[babyAtreyujustthreemonthsbefore.

Soat1:30a.m.March15,whenherdogCaponewasbarking2intheirhome,sheyelled,uShutup!You're

goingto3thebaby."

Hewouldn't4

ShecalledforCaponetocometohen

Hewouldn'tcome.

Thedog5conies,shesaid,eversincesheandhusband,Isaac,6thewanderinganimalfromabusy

highway18monthsago.

Caponejustlookedatherandranbacktothe7

Fullmer,32—whohasa8aboutdogs—thoughtsomethingwasn't9Tiredasshewas,shewentto

10whatwasgoingoninthekitchen.

Theplugforthemicrowavewasonfire.Thefireseemed11atfirst,butsheknewsheneededtogetthe___

12outfast.Shescoopedupher13babyAtreyu,andthengrabbedher20-month-oldtoddlerMondecai.She

yelledforheroldest,Landon,12,tohelp14theotherchildren.

Bythetimemostofthechildrenwereheadingout.15shotuptothekitchenceilingandthesmokealarm__

16wentoff.Shecalled911anddidarollcall.Herninechildrenwereall17outsidethehouse.

Capone?Hehadbarkedandbarkedfortwominutesbeforethefircalarmeven18.Hehadsavedtheirlives.

“He19hisfamily,“Fullmersaid.“I'mgladwefoundhimonthe20

1、A.firstB.ninthC.healthyD.sleepy

2、A.asuaualB.onpurposeC.likecrazyD.atrandom

3、A.wakeB.feedC.protectD.milk

4、A.shutupB.showupC.listenupD.wakeup

5、A.seldomB.hardlyC.alwaysD.rarely

6、A.huntedB.purchasedC.trappedD.rescued

7、A.gardenB.kitchenC.bathroomI）,bedroom

8、A.doubtB.curiosityC.senseD.puzzle

9、A.trueB.sureC.strangeD.right

10、A.checkoutB.setdownC.tellaboutD.thinkup

A.fierceB.dangerousC.openedD.small

12、A.dogB.cookersC.kidsD.plug

13、A.cleverestB.weakestC.youngestD.strongest

14、A.examineB.gatherC.cureD.educate

A.floodfogC.cloudsD.flames

A.finallyB.ImmediatelyC.graduallyD.causally

17、A.afraidB.presentC.injuredD.awake

18、A.wentoffB.brokedownC.shutoffD.turnedup

19、A.missesB.losesC.raisesD.loves

20、A.ceilingB.highwayC.spotD.ground

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.（15分）语法填空

Sichuanhaslongbeenknownasthe"ProvinceofAbundance'*.L_（history）speaking,Sichuanwasthehome

oftheancient区（state）ofBaandShu.TheirconquestbyQin3r（strength）itandpavedthewayfortheFirst

Emperor'sunification（统一）ofChinaundertheQinDynasty.DuringtheThreeKingdomsera,LiuBei*s

Shu4^（base）inSichuan.TheareabecameoneofChina*s5^（productive）areasbythe19thcentury.Thepeople

ofSichuanspeak6.uniqueformofMandarin,whichtookshapeduringthearea'srepopulation7.theruleofthe

MingDynasty.Thefamilyofdialectsisnowspokenbyabout120millionpeopleywhichwouldmake8.the10thmost

spokenlanguageintheworldifcountedseparately.Thearea'swarmdampclimatelongcausedlocalpeople

9.（advocate）spicydishes.ThenativeSichuanpepperwassupplementedbyMexicanchilisduringtheColumbian

ExchangetoformmodernSichuancuisine,10.Dishes-includingKungPaoChickenandMapoTofu—havebecome

famousaroundtheworld.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，

每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

DearEditor,

NowmanystudentshaveiPodsandregardthemastheirmostfavorites.UseaniPod,wecanlistentomusic,

downloadalotoflearningmaterialsandreaditonthescreen.Apparently,itisgreathelptoourstudy,especialtoour

Englishlistening.

Somestudents,however,bringtheiriPodstoclassroomandlistentomusic,whichmakestheteacherandother

studentsgreatlyannoying.What'sbad,someofthemevenwasteprecioustimeinclassplayvideogames.

Inmyopinion,theclassroomisaplacethatstudentsshouldconcentrateinstudy.Furthermore,somerulesshould

bemadetoguidethestudentstouseiPodsproperly.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

29.（25分）你校学生会打算在本周五下午举行一次义卖活动。假如你是学生会主席，请你用英语写一则书面通知，

通知内容包括：

活动时间本周五下午四点

活动地点学校大礼堂

参加对象高一年级学生

活动内容自带有价值的闲置物品、书籍等，标上价格，进行义卖

活动目的筹集资金，为改善西部贫困地区教学条件处一份力

参考词汇：学生会：studentunion义卖：saleofgoodsforcharity

注意：1.词数12。左右，可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。

2.文中不得出现考生本人姓名和校名。

参考答案

第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）

1、A

2、A

3、C

4、B

5、C

6、D

7、D

8、C

9、A

10、A

11、D

12、B

13、A

14、D

15、A

16、A

17、A

18、C

19、C

20、C

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、C

2、A

3、C

4、C

22、1、B

2、A

3、A

4、D

23、81、C

1、D

2、B

24、1、C

2、D

3、B

25、1、C

2、A

3、C

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26、1、B

2、C

3、A

4、A

5、C

6、D

7、B

8、C

9、D

10、A

11、D

12、C

13、C

14、B

15、D

16、A

17、B

18、A

19、D

20、B

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27、1.Historically

2.states

3.strengthened

4.wasbased

5.mostproductive

6.a

7.