考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷272

考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷272

一、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共2。题，每题

分,共20分。)

JudithVogtli,directorofanupstateNewYork-basedabs(inerce((hepracticeofrefraining

fromsex,alcohol,etc)organizaiioncalledProjectTruth,isworriedihaithegoldenageof

"abstinence-only"educationmayhavecometoanencl.GeorgeW.Bushhelpedincrease

fundingforthiskindofsexeducation—whichfocusesonchastityasthewaytoprevent

pregnancyandsexuallytransmitteddiseases,anddiscussesccndomsonlyintermsof

failure—toover$175mayear.Thefateofthatmoney,andofabstinenceeducationitself,

isuncertainunderanewadministrationandCongress.MsVogtlineedonlywaitafew

weeks.BarackObamawillsubmitthefirstdraftofhisbudgettoCongresslaterthis

month.Inthemeantime,herorganization,fundedentirelybyagovernmentgrant,is

tryingtogoaboutbusinessasusual.Thatmeansteachingaboutabstainingfromsex,

drugsandalcoholinNewYorkschoolsandholdingitssixthannualabstinenceCreativity

Contest,towhichstudentssubmittedessays,poems,artworkandmusiconthethemeof

"Waitingiseasierbecause..."Abstinenceonlyeducationprogramshavebeen

controversialeversince(heywereintroducedunderRonaldReaganin1981.Some

liberalshavelabeledit"ignorance-only"educationandmostfavoracurriculum(hat

includesdiscussionofbothabstinenceandcontraception(themethodtoprevent

pregnancy).Since(hestartofabstinence-onlyprograms,thefederalgovernmenthas

spentover$1.5billiononthem,buttheUnitedStatesstillhasoneofthehighestteen­

pregnancyratesofanydevelopedcountry.Supportersofabstinence-onlyeducation

mostlythinkthatthemediaandacultureofcasualsexualbehaviorsaretoblameforthis

andthatmoregovernmentsupportforabstinencecouldhelpoffsettheriseofteenage

pregnancyandsexuallytransmitteddisease.Butopponentsblameabstinence-only

education.Thereissonicevidencetosupporttheircase.AccordingtoSarahBrownofthe

NationalCampaigntoPreventTeenandUnplannedPregnancy,anadvocacy

organization,therehasbeenr.orandomizedstudyshowingthatabstinence-onlyeducation

delayssexualactivity,andresearchfrom(heUniversityofWashingtonsuggeststhat

teenswhoreceivecomprehensivesexeducationhavea50%lowerriskofbecoming

pregnantthanthoseenrolledinabslinence-onlycourses.Abstinence-onlyadvocateswant

(hegovernmenttoletschooldistrictschoosewhichtypeofsexeducationtheyprefer.But

inanunfavorablesignforthem,thenewCongressisalreadyshiftingitsemphasis.Louise

Slaughter,acongresswomanfromNewYorkandaformerscientist,hasintroducedabill

thatwouldfund"medicallyaccurate"comprehensivesexeducationinschools.Itislikely

topass.

1、Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthat"abstinence-only"education

A、failstowinthesupportfromthenewadministration.

B、focusesonbothchastityandcondoms.

C、enjoysgreatpopularityamongtheyoungpeople.

D^mightseeadeclineofpublicinterestinsucheducation.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。文中第一段说到“唯禁欲”教育的黄金时代也许行将结

束。因此D项正确。

2、WhichofthefollowingistrueofParagraph2?

A^MsVogtli'sorganizationisfundedbythegovernmentandtheprivatecompanies.

B、MsVogtli'sorganizationistryingitsbesttodobusinesswellasusual.

C、TheannualabstinenceCreativityContesthasbeenheldforsixconsecutiveyears.

D^Studentparticipantsofthecontestshouldsubmitessays,poems,artworkofany

themes.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。第二段末句提到禁欲组织正在举办第六届年度禁欲创意

大赛，C项中的consecutive（连续的、连贯的）对应于文中的annual（一年一次的），

故选C。

3、AccordingtoParagraph3,thetccn-prcgnancyratesarchighbecauseof

A、alackofgovernmentsupportforabstinenceeducation.

B、thecasualattitudetowardsabstinenceeducation.

C、thecasualattitudetowardssexandmassmedia

D、thecurriculumthatexcludesdiscussionofcontraception.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题，考查因果细节。第三段指出“媒体和性行为随意的社会

风气是导致青少年怀孕率高的主要原因“，所以C项正确，

4、Itissuggestedinthefourthparagraphthatcomprehensivesexeducation

A、doesnotputoffsexualactivityamongtheteens.

B、helpstheteensreducetheriskofbecomingpregnantby50%.

C、helps50%oftheteensavoidthesexualbehavior.

D、helpstheteensavoidbecomingpregnantmoreeffectively.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题，考查比较细节。第四段指出“与接受唯禁欲教育的学生

相比，接受综合的性教育的青少年怀孕风险要低50%”，即综合的性教育能更有效

地帮助青少年避免怀孕，因此D项正确。

5、Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat

A、（henewCongressstillemphasizestheabstinence-onlyeducation.

B、thecomprehensivesexeducationmayreceivemoresupport.

C、abilloffundingcomprehensivesexeducationhasbeenpassed.

D、LouiseSlaughterisinfavorofabstinence-onlyeducation.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。B项“综合性教育可能会得到更多的支持''是原文”议案

有望通过”的另一种表达方式，故选B。

Thinkof(hemeparksandyouthinkofrollercoasters.Thesecretcheckingoftheseal

restraints,thestomach-sickeningclimbandthevisceralthrillofthedroparethe

hallmarksofaparkvisit.Butasametaphorfortheindustry,therollercoasterisall

wrong.Makingmoneyfromthemeparksisahardthing,notathrillingrush.Andcoasters

arenotwherethebestchanceofrevenuegrowthlies.Thisweek'sJuly4thcelebrations

markedthebeginningofthesummerseasonforAmerica'sthemeparks.Aroundthe

world,anotheryearofmoderategrowthisexpected:globalattendancegrewby2.2%in

2006.GrowthisslowestinthematuremarketsofNorthAmericaandEurope,thoughthe

prospectslookbetterinAsia.Scopetoraiseentrypricesislimitedbycompetition.At

$300mormore,theeconomicsofbuildinganewparkarc"brutal",saysRaymondBraun

ofEconomicResearchAssociates,aconsultancy.Inresponse,operatorsare

concentratingonimprovingthecustomerexperience,makinggreateruseoftheir

facilitiesandturningparksintomulti-daydestinations.Strongertheminghelpstomakea

parkmoredistinctive.GreaterinteractivityisalsoimportantThe"MeninBlack"rideat

UniversalStudiosinOrlando.Florida,inwhichpassengersshootatanimatronicsaliens,

isagoodexampleofwhatindustrytypesliketocallan"immersive"experience.

DiscoveryCove,anotherFloridapark,takesthattermliterally,chargingvisitorspremium

pricestoswimwithdolphinsandotheranimals.Packingmorepeopleintoparksrisks

turningvisitsintoaseriesofqueuesinterruptedbyrides,ratherthantheotherwayround.

"Queuingisabignuisance,"saysMarkFisherofMerlinEntertainments.Oneansweris

tobreakuptheboredombyputtingentertainersintothequeue.Anotheristoofferride­

reservationsystemsorspecialticketsthatletpeoplebookaplaceinlinewithouthaving

toqueue.Gettingpeoplethroughtheparkmoreefficientlyisonewaytoincreasetheuse

offacilities.Extendingtheseasonisanother.Tivoli,aparkintheheartofCopenhagen,

introducedaten-dayHalloweenseasonin2006tositalongsideitssummerandChristmas

openings."Weusedtobeaseasonalbusinessandnowwearemoreorlessafull-year

business,"saysthepark'schiefexecutive.Assqueezinggrowthoutofexistingparks

becomesharder,operatorsarealsolookingtonewmarkets.Indoorcity-basedattractions,

whicharecheaptobuildandeasytogetto,haveplentyofpotential,eveninmature

markets.Emergingmarketslookpromising,loo.Asia'stoptenparksrecordedattendance

growthof4.4%in2006.muchofitdrivenbyHongKongDisneyland'sfirstfullyearof

operation.Asconsumersindevelopingmarketsbecomewealthier,theindustrywilllook

alotmorethrilling.

6、Rollercoastersseemaninappropriatemetaphorforthemeparksinthat

A、coastersarenolongthebestthrillinghallmarksofaparkvisit.

B、coastersavailnothingforraisingtheturnoverofthemeparks.

C、earningprofitfromthemeparksisanythingbutathrillingrush.

D、making-moneyfromtheneparksishardlytougherthanrollingcoasters.

标准答案：C''

知识点解析：事实细节题。考查因果细节。根据Rollercoasters定位到第一段。由

倒数第二句"使主题公园赢利十分困难，而不像过山车那样thrillingrush”可知，答

案是Co

Andsomeofthelatestresearchfindsthatratesofasthmaandrelatedrespiratory

problemsclimbinkidswhoareshortonothercommonlymissingessentials,including

vitaminsCandEandomcga-3fattyacids.AteamattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth

evaluatedthedietandrcspiracory(rclatingtotheprocessofbrcathing)hcalthofsonic

2,000NorthAmericanhighschoolseniorsandfoundthatteenswholackoffruit,

vegetables,andotherhealthfulfoodsweremostlikelytohaveproblemssuchas

coughing,panting,episodesofbronchitis,andasthma.VitaminsCandE,whichare

abundantinfruitanddark-greenvegetables,may"protectthelungfromstress,'1says

HarvardresearchfellowandstudyleaderJaneBurns.Omega-3reducesinflammation,a

keyfeatureofasthma,inwhichairwaysswellandmakebreathingdifficull.Oilyfishlike

salmon,mackerel,andtuna—aswellascod-liveroil—arerichinbothomega-3and

vitaminD.VitaminDcanalsobeobtainedfrommultivitaminmilkandsunshineand

manykidsshouldbegettingmoreofboth.Inanothernewstudy,researchersfoundthat

55percentofoutwardlyhealthychildrenandteenagerstheytesteddidn'thaveenough

vitaminDtogrowhealthybones.Dark-skinnedchildrenwereparticularlylikelytobe

shortofthebone-buildingvitamin,accordingtoBabetteZemel,anauthorofthestudy

anddirectoroftheNutritionandGrowthLaboratoryatChildren'sHospitalof

Philadelphia.Themclanin(anaturaldarkbrowncolourinhumanskin,hair,andeyes)that

makestheirskindarkalsoblocksultravioletrays,whichthebodyusestomakevitamin

D.Inwinter,whenthesunwasweakest,morethan90pcrccniofblacksinthestudywere

vitaminDdeficient.Researcherssuggestpointingkidsoutside,andwaitingafew

minutesbeforeputtingonsunblock;10minutesofmiddaysummersunprovides10,000

internationalunitsofthevitamin-morethanenoughforaday.Likemelanin,sunblock

preventstheskinfrommakingvitaminD,soabitoflotion-freeexposureisnecessaryto

grabthebenefit.

11Whatcanwcinferfromthefirstparagraph?

A、Parentswillalwaysfeediheirchildrenwell.

B、Kidswhoeatmorearelesslikelytosufferfrommalnutrition.

C、Kidsshouldhaveaccesstodietsofhealthfulnutrients.

D^Deficienciesofcertaincompoundsareharmfulorevendeadly.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：判断推理题。第一段指出不良的饮食方式会影响儿童健康，点明了健

康饮食的重要性，故选C。

12、VitaminDdeficiencywillprobablyresultin

A、lessbonefractures.

B、dark-coloredskins.

C^suppressedimmunity.

D、inabilitytobreathe.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。第二段第一句提到维生素D缺失会导致一些疾病，C

项“免疫力下降”在提及的内容之中。

13、Thestudyontherelationshipbetweendietandrespiratoryheakhisioverifythat

teens

A^willfallillforthelackoffruitsorvegetablesintake.

B、willbeguardedagainstlungstressandothersimilarproblems.

C、aremostlikelytobecomethevictimsofrespiratoryillness.

D、arenoteasilyaffectedintermsofcoughandasthma.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：判断推理题。第三段提出哈佛大学一项针对青少年饮食和健康的研究

表明较少食用果蔬的青少年更易患上呼吸类的疾病。A项符合文意。

14、Accordingtothetext,dark-skinnedkidsareparticularlyshortofvitaminDinthat

(hedarkskin

A、hasmoremelaninthatconsumesmorevitaminD.

B、absorbsmoreultravioletrays,(huskillingthemelanin.

C、canonlyproduceunitsofthevitaminwhenthesunwasstrong.

D、hasmoremelaninthatblocksultravioletrays,reducingvitaminDproduction.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题，考查因果细节。根据题干的dark-skinnedkids定位到第

五段。该段讲到黑色素同时也阻挡紫外线，而紫外线是人体合成维生素D的来

源。故选D。

15、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A、KidsLackinginNutrients

B、MalnourishedFamilies

C、MoreSunblock,LessVitaminD

D、HealthandNature

标准答案：A

知识点解析：主旨大意题。这类题型要紧扣“关键词”和“中心点全文着力讲述了

饮食不当引发儿童营养缺失的问题。因此“儿童”和“营养”一词应当包含于题目之

中，A项符合。

Perhapsthemostambitiouslong-termhealthstudyeverplannedbytheNational

InstitutesofHcalth(NET)hasbeenhitbyaNASAstylepriceshock:Onceestimatedat$3

Billionover25years,theactualcostcouldbetwicethatmuch.Theproblembecame

publiclastweekataCapitolHillhearingontheNIHbudget.ActingNIHDirector

RaynardKingtonsaidhehaslaunchedahigh-levelreviewoftheplantotrackthehealth

of100,000childrenfrombeforebirth(oage21andthatthestudywillHkelybescaled

back.TheNationalChildren'sStudy(NCS)grewoutofa2000congressionaldirectiveto

NIHtodeterminehowenvironmentalinfluences,fromchemicalcontaminantstovideo

games,shapethedevelopmentofchildrenandaffectdiseasessuchasautismandobesity.

Researchersplantorecruitadiversegroupofpregnantmothersat105sitesaroundthe

UnitedStatesbyknockingonrandomlyselecteddoors.Congressprovided$192million

infundingthisyeartosetupthesitesandlaunchapilotstudy.Kingtonsayshebecame

concernedInearlyJanuaryafterbeinginformedofhisstaffslatestcostprojections.It

wassincellicnthatKinglonrealized"ihcruwasafundaniuiilalprobleminusliiiialingthe

truecosts."Inordertoturnthingsaround,Kingtonhasnowadded"greatlyheightened

oversight."ThaiincludesaskingClaudeLenfant,formerdirectorof(heNationalHeart,

Lung,andBloodInstitute,toreturntoNIHashisadviseronthestudy.NIHwillalsotake

alongerpausethanoriginallyplannedafterthe1-yearpilot,whichbeganinJanuaryat

twoofsevensites,torevisetheprotocolandreassessthecosts.Whentrimmingbegins,

Kingtonsayshehopesthe109,000samplesizewillbe"thelastthing"consideredfor

cuts.Butthesize,numberofhypotheses,andtheprotocolsareallonthetable.

PediatricianPhilipLandrigan,whohelpedconceivetheNCS,hopesnottolose

componentssuchasin-homedetailedassessmentsofeachchild'sdevelopmentwhichare

expensive."We'rejustwaitingtoseehow(hisworksou(,nsaysLandrigan,whoseteam

hasknockedonmorethan1000doorsinQueensandfoundthatmanywomenseem

interested.Thebudgetproblemscomeasnosurprisetoformei-NIHDirectorElias

Zerhouni,whowantedtoavoidfundingfortheNCS.Zerhourisayshehad"severe

reservations"aboutthepotenlialcostandfeltNIHshouldcomplete(hepilotbeforeany

decisionsweremadeaboutproceedingwiththefullstudy.Instead,"Congressinterfered"

byprovidingthemoneytomoveaheadanyway."Itwaspoliticalmanagement,"Zerhouni

says,and"Idon'tthinkpeopleshouldbeshocked"attheresult.

16、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1thatthemostambitiouslong-termhealthstudy

A、wasplannedinaNASAstyle.

B、hasmetpersonnelproblems.

C、willbehaltedforitshugecost.

D、isver