近五年北京中考英语试题及答案

2022年北京中考英语试题及答案

第一部分

本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.Mysisterisonlysix,butcanalreadyhelpwithsomehousework.

A.heB.sheC.itD.they

【答案】B

2.Wehavehistoryclass________threeo'clockeveryFridayafternoon.

A.atB.onC.inD.to

【答案】A

3.—Itakephotoshere?

—Sorry,youcan't.It'snotallowedinthemuseum.

AMustB.NeedC.CanD.Will

【答案】C

4.Aftertakingtennisclasses,Timismuch________thanlastyear.

A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.th?

strongest

【答案】B

5.—willLiuYangstayinthespacestationthistime?

——Forsixmonths.

A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmuchD.Ho.v

soon

【答案】A

6.Mr.Smithhashelpedmealot,I'mthankfultohim.

A.orB.butC.forI),so

【答案】D

7.Theworkersthecommunitycenternow.

A.cleanedB.werecleaningC.willcleanD.are

cleaning

【答案】D

8.Don'tloseheart.Ifyoukeepworkinghard,yousomeday.

A.willsucceedB.succeedC.succeededI),have

succeeded

【答案】A

9.Iaboutmysisterwhenmyphonerang.Itwasher!

A.thinkB.willthinkC.wasthinkingD.am

thinking

【答案】C

10.JimalotaboutChineseculturesincehebegantostudyinourschool.

A.learnsB.learnedC.willlearnI),has

learned

【答案】D

11.Onourfarm,thetealeavesbyhandwhentheyarcready.

A.pickB.pickedC.arepickedD.were

picked

【答案】C

12.—Doyouknowthenewnationalpark?

—Yes,Ido.Toprotectwildlifeandbenefitthelocalpeople.

A.whydidChinasotupB.whyChinasetup

C.whendidChinasetupD.whenChinasetup

【答案】B

二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最

佳选项。

OurChristmasGoose

OnacoldmorningthatDecember,mybrotherRickandIweresenttoUncle

Tommie'sontheothersideofLittleMountaintogetagooseforChristmasdinner.

Thislongjourneyoverthemountainwashardbutworthit.

Thatmorning,darkcloudswerecomingtogetheroverhead.Iknewitwasgoing

tosnowonthe13.

Whenwcarrived,UncleTommiewasalreadywaitingforus."Boys,I'mnot

14youoff,“hesaid,“butthewindispickingup.You*dbettergetthe

gooseandheadforhomesoon.”

Afteraquickthank-youandgoodbyeItookthegooseandweleft.Halfwayup

themountain,itbegantosnowheavily.Iheldthegoose15tome.

Bythetimewereachedthetopofthemountain,itshowedmoreheavi1y.Andthe

windseemedtoblowstraightthroughmycoat.IsteppedinfrontofRick."Youmust

becold.Openyourcoat!”

“Arcyoucrazy?wRickasked."I'11losewhatlittlewarmthIhave!”When

hesawIwas16,heslowlyopenedhiscoat.

Iplacedthewarmgooseinsidehiscoat.Ricksighedhappily（舒了口气）.Myplan

was17.

Onthewaydown,Istartedtoshiver（发抖）.Ricksaid.uDave,it'syourturn

now.w

Hepassedmethegoose.Foralongmoment,Ijuststoodand18my

freezing（冰冷的）handsonhisbody.Wepassedthegoosebackandforth（来回地）

betweenusalltheway.Finally,Wegothome.

Sittingatthetable,weexplainedhowthegoosekeptusfromfreezing."We

can,thavehimfordinner!Thisgoosehelped19ourlives,“Isaid.

Later,wenamedthegooseCharleyandhelivedouthislifeintheyard,bossing

aroundthechickensandanothergooseweboughttokeephimcompany.Alifeasthe

mostimportantbirdwasfittingforour20.

13.A.mountainB.islandC.lakeD.beach

14.A.payingB.rushingC.showingD.

calling

15.A.lightlyB.secretlyC.highD.close

16.A.frightenedB.regretfulC.serious1).

surprised

17.A.workingB.continuingC.improvingD.

changing

18.A.raisedB.driedC.warmedD.

examined

19.A.spareB.saveC.treasureD.give

20.A.leaderB.bossC.guideD.hero

【答案】13.A14.Bl5.D16.C17.A18.C19.B20.1)

【13题详解】

句意：我知道山上要下雪了。

mountain山；island岛;lake湖;beach沙滩。根据前文“ontheothersideofLittle

Mountain”可知,是山上，故选A。

【14题详解】

句意：孩子们,我不是要赶你们走。

paying付钱;rushing冲;showing展示;calling打电话。根据**butthewindispicking

up.You'dbettergetthegooseandheadforhomesoon.”可知，风越来越大了，叔

叔建议我们最好赶快带上鹅I可家，但本意不是赶我们走，故选B。

【15题详解】

句意：我把鹅抱紧。

lightly轻地;secretly秘密地;high高;close近。根据“Halfwayupthemountain,it

begantosnowheavily.Iheldthegoose...tome.”可知，雪越下越大，把鹅抱紧取暖，

故选1）。

【16题详解】

句意：当他看到我是认真的，他慢慢地打开他的外套。

frightened害怕的；regretful后悔的;serious严肃的,认真的；surprised惊讶的。联

系上下文，下雪很冷，我让弟弟把衣服敞开，当他看到我是认真的，他才这样做，故选C。

【17题详解】

句意：我的计划奏效了。

working工作，有效;continuing继续;improving提升；changing改变。根据“[placed

thewarmgooseinsidehiscoat.Ricksighedhappi1y（舒了口气）可知，鹅给了弟

弟温暖，所以我的计划奏效了，故选A。

【18题详解】

句意：有很长一段时间，我只是站在他身上，用冻僵的手取暖。

raised筹集；dried弄干；warmed使温暖；examined检查。根据"Ijuststoodand…my

freezing（冰冷的）handsonhisbody”可知，用鹅给自己温暖，故选C。

【19题详解】

句意：这只鹅救了我们的命。

spare匀出；save节省，救:treasure珍惜;give给。根据"Wecan'thavehimfordinner!

Thisgoosehelped...ourlives,M和上文内容可知，鹅使我们免于冻僵,所以是救了我

们，故选B。

【20题详解】

句意：作为最重要的鸟是我们•生的英雄。

leader领导；boss老板：guide导游；her。英雄。鹅救了我们，所以是我们的英雄，故选

Do

三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选

项。

A

WHOISYOURROLEMODEL?WHY?

ImissMrs.Whitemostafter

MyrolemodelisrnyneighborMs.Li.

primaryschool.Shewasourmath

Sheisinhereightiesnowbutsheisstill

teacherandalwayspatientwithus.

youngatheart.Ioftenseeherridingher

Shehelpedustoworkouttheanswers

bikeintheparkandshealsospendstime

ourselves,nomatterhowdifficultthe

doingvolunteerwork.Shehelpsme

questionswere.SoMrs.Whiteisiry

understandthatpeoplewon'tbeoldif

rolemodel,andIwanttobeateacher

theystillhaveagreatloveforlife.

likeherinthefuture.

Adam

Betty

NormanBethunewasaCanadiandoctor.YuanLongpingismyrolemodel.He

In1938,Dr.BethunecametoChinaandisoneofthegreatestagricultural

helpedtreatthewounded.Heoftenworked（农业的）scientistsofourtime.He

veryhardwithoutresting.Once,heworkedhardtogrowbetterricetc

managedtosaveoveronehundredlivesinsolvetheproblemsoffoodshortage.

sixty-ninehours.Heisstillremembered11issadthatMr.Yuanhasleftus,

inbothChinaandCanadatoday.Soheisbuthisdreamsarecarriedbymany

myrolemodel.plantandagriculturalresearches.

PeterFnrna

21.WhoisEmma'srolemodel?

A.Ms.Li.B.Mrs.White.

C.NormanBethune.D.YuanLongping.

22.WhatdoesBettywanttobeinthefuture?

A.Ateacher.B.Ascientist.C.Adoctor.D.A

volunteer.

23.WhatdoweknowaboutMs.Li?

A.Sheworkedinahospitai.

B.Shesolvedthefoodproblems.

C.Sheisoldinagebutyoungatheart.

D.Sheisverypatientwithherstudents.

【答案】21.D22.A23.C

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四栏中“YuanLongpingismyrolemodel.”可知，袁隆平是艾玛的

榜样，故选D。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二栏中“andIwanttobeateacherlikeherinthefuturew可

知，贝蒂以后想成为一名老师，故选A。

[23题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一栏中uMyrolemodelismyneighborMs.Li.Shoisinhereighties

nowbutsheisstillyoungatheart.”可知，李奶奶已经八十多岁了，但内心仍很年轻。

故选Co

B

drum

Ijoinedaband（乐队）asadrummerinmymiddleschool.Ithoughtitwould

befunplayingthedrumandmeetingnewfriends.Atfirstitwaseasy,butamonth

later,itgotdifficult.Iwastheonlyonewhocouldn,tkeeppace（节奏）with

theotherplayers.

Ourteacher,Angie,singledmeouttokeeppracticingwhileeveryoneelsegot

torelax.1feltashamed（羞愧的）asmyteammateswatchedmefailsomanytimes.

FinallyIgotsotiredofpracticingthatIdicin'tcareaboutdoingitright.

“Arcyougivinguponme.Steve?wAngieasked.

“Yes,Iam,"Ishouted.AngiesentmeinsidethemusicI'oomwhereIcriedout.

Thenshecameinandsaid."Don'tbesad.Ibelieveyoucanmakeit!”Shetold

menevertogiveup.SheleftmealoneandIrealizedAngiewasright—bygiving

up,Iwasalsogivingupontheteamandmyself.

Withhercomfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.However,Isti11couldn,tplay

well.Knowingmydifficulties,myteammatesgavemoahand.Theyspentaboutthree

morehourspracticingwithmeeveryweek.Thankstotheirsupportandhelp,Ibegan

tokeeppacewiththem.Later,weperformedwonderfullyinanimportantshew.

Inthewholeprocess,Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodo

inashow,itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.Ifelt

acceptedandmadegreatprogress.Iloveeveryoneintheband.Ican'timaginewhat

myschoollifewou1dbelikewithoutthem.

24.Onemonthafterhejoinedtheband,Stevefeltplayingthedrumwas.

A.funnyB.helpfulC.noisyD.

difficult

25.WithAngie*scomfort,Stevedecidedto_________.

A.haveagoodrestB.goonpracticing

C.giveothersahandD.startanotherband

26.Fromhisexperience,Stevelearnedabout.

A.thevalueofteamworkB.theeffectofshows

C.theimportanceofhobbiesI),thepowerofmusic

【答案】24.D25.B26.A

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据"butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.w可知一个月后Steve觉得敲

鼓是困难的。故选D。

【25题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Withhercomfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.w可知在老师的

鼓励下，他决定继续练习。故选B。

[26题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Iwastaughtthatalthoughwoeachhadourownjobtodoinashow,

itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.w可知Steve学会

了团队合作的价值。故选A。

C

Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?Greenismorethanjustacolor.11alsomeans

takingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.Buyingagreenproductisasmal1

stepeveryonecantake.Decidingwhetheraproductisgreen,however,isn,talways

easy.Weneedtoconsicerthewholelifecycleoftheproductevenafterit'sof

nouse.Hereiswhatwemaykeepinmind,

f"

J户口

尺/u、、Edalpaperj

/Md”加一

Thematerialsofaproductareusuallyourfirstfocus（关注）.Whatisitmade

of?Arethereanyharmfulchemicalsinit?Greenproductsaremadeofmorenatural

materialswhicharcfreefromharmfulchemicals,sotheycanbegoodforourphysical

health.

Packagingisimportant.Howisaproductpackaged?Isitoverpackaged?Ne'd

betterchooseglass,metalandpaperpackaging,asthesecanbereusedormoreeasily

recycled（回收利用）.Wecanalsolookforlesspackagingorevenchooseunbagged

productswheneverpossible.

Location（地点）matters.Wherewasaproductproduced?Wherear。webuyingit?

Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittoustrytochooselocalproducts.

Whenitcomestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfromlocalfarmer,shop

atmarketsandbuyfruitsinseason.Buyingfromstoresnearourhousesisalsoa

goodchoice,becausewecangotherewithoutdrivingacar.

Lookintowhatthecompanytellsusabouttheirproduct.It'seasytosaythat

aproductis“green"or“allnaturalwbutthewordsmaybetoogoodtobetrue.

So,muchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwithagrainofsalt.

Afterall,companiestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproductsareenvironmentally

responsible.

Thegreenestthingiscertainlytheonewedon'tbuy.Thingslikefoodand

clothingarenecessaryforlife.Butmanyothersarenot.Betterthanbuyingis

choosingtoleaveanunnecessaryproductinthestoreanddoingwithout.Itsends

amessagetotheproducer,keepsmoneyinourpockets,reduces（减少）wasteandkeeps

theplanethealthy.

27.Thewriterwouldsuggestchoosingaproductthatis.

A.overpackagedB.deliveredfromabroad

ClocallyproducedD.madeofunnaturalmaterials

28.Thewords“betakenwithagrainofinsalt"Paragraph5probablymean

a，，

A.beeasilyunderstoodB.notbecompletelybelieved

C.bewidelyspreadI),notbequicklyforgotten

29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.BuyingGreenB.RecyclingWaste

C.KeepingHealthyD.ReducingEnergyUse

【答案】27.C28.B29.A

【27题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittoustrytochoose

localproducts.Whenitcomestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfromlocal

farmer,...”可知，作者建议选择当地生产的产品，故选C。

【28题详解】

词句猜测题。分析“So,nuchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwith

agrainofsalt.Afterall,companiestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproducts

areenvironmentallyresponsible.M可知,公司试图让我们相信他们的产品对环境负责,

但是我们应该秉持一个怀疑的态度，此处“betakenwithagrainofsalt”的意思是“不

被完全相信“，故选B。

【29题详解】

最佳标题题，本文作者通过解释“Green”这个词，呼吁大家保护环境。选项A"BuyingGreen”

符合主题，故选A。

D

APathway（路径）toMeaninginLife

Whenitcomestoameaningfullife,wemightthinkoflove,happinessandheelth.

Alifefilledwithmeaningiswhatmostofuswantforourselves.Then,whatmakes

ameaningfullife?

Manyresearchersagreethatameaningfullifecomesdowntothreefactors（因

素）：havinglong-termgoals,believingthatone,slifematters,andfeelingthat

one1slifefitstogetherand“makessense”.

Butwebelievethereismoretoconsider.Sometineslifeenablesustoexperience

smallmomentsofbeauty.Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating（欣赏）suchexperiences,

thesemomentsmayimprovehowtheyseetheirownlife.Wecallthisexperiential

appreciation（EA）.EAisaboutthepersonfee1ingconnectedtoeventsandbeingable

toappreciatethevaluewithintheconnection.11showsthediscoveryofand

admirationforlife'sbeauty.

WerecentlysetouttobetterunderstandEAinstudies.Wewereinterestedin

whetherEAwasalsotiedtogeneraljudgmentofmeaninginlife.Ifso,itcould

beafactorformeaningfulness.

Inthefirststudy,wehadpeoplerate（评估）theirsupportfordifferentmethods

ofreducingstress.Wefoundthatpeoplewhomanagedstressbyfocusingontheir

appreciationforlife,sbeautyalsoreportedexperiencinglifeashighly

meaningful.

Inthenextstudy,wcaskedpeopletoratethedegreetowhichtheyagreedwith

variousstatements,suchas“Iappreciatethebeautyoflife"and“Iappreciate

littlethingsinlife,“aswellasotherstatementsthatrelatedtothethreefactors

andcigeneralsenseofmeaninginlife.Ourresultsshowedthatthemorepeople

reportedthattheywereMappreciatinglife”anditsmanyexperiences,themore

theyfelttheirlifewasvaluable.

Inthefollowingstudies,wofurtherlookedattheconnectionbetweenEAand

meaningfulness.Forexample,wofoundthatpeoplewhowereaskedtolookbackon

themostmeaningfuleventofthepastweekgenerallyreportedhighEAinthose

moments.

Alltheresultsprovedourtheory（假设）true.Butputtingitintopracticecan

bedifficult.Ourfast-pacedlifestylesfillthedaywithgoals.Wetrytogetthe

highestoutputbothatworkandinsparetime.Thisfocusonfutureoutcomesmakes

ital1tooeasytomisswhatishappeningrightnow.Weshouldslowdownandlet

lifesurpriseus.

30.YouweremostprobablyintheEAconditionwhen.

A.youmadeatravelplanforthecomingholiday

B.youhurriedtoservethecustomersinthestore

C.youpracticedhardtobecomethebestviolinist

D.youstoppedtoadmiretherosesbytheroadside

31.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudiesmentionedinthepassage?

A.Thinkingbacktothepastweakensoursenseofmeaning.

B.Enjoyingsmallthingscaninfluenceourattitudetowardlife.

C.Properstressmanagementisthekeytolivingasatisfyinglife.

D.Goodjudgmentonbeautyimprovesconnectionsamongpeople.

32.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?

A.Itiseasierforresults-drivenpeopletoachievesuccess.

B.Weoftenturnablindeyetothepresentmoment.

C.Afast-pacedlifestylehelpsusreachourgoals.

D.Futurelifewillbringusmanymoresurprises.

33.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Toexplainhowtodiscoverbeautyinlife.

B.Todiscusswhatthetruemeaningoflifeis.

C.Tointroduceanewfactorforameaningfullife.

I）.Tocomparedifferentfactorsformeaningfulness.

【答案】30.D31.B32.D33.B

30题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating（欣赏）suchexperiences,

thesemomentsmayimprovehowtheyseetheirownlife.Wecallthisexperiertial

appreciation（EA）.”可知，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他仅对自

己生活的看法.我们称之为体验欣赏。选项D“你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰”符合.故造D。

31题详解】

推理判断题。根据**Sometimeslifeenablesustoexperiencesmallmomentsofbeauty.

Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating（欣赏）suchexperiences,thesemomentsmay

improvehowtheyseetheirownlife.w可知，生活让我们体验到美丽的小瞬间,当人们

乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法。故选B。

【32题详解】

段落大意题。根据"Weshouldslowdownandletlifesurpriseus."可知,我们应该

慢下来，让生活给我们惊喜。所以最后一段告诉我们未来的生活将给我们带来更多的惊喜,

故选及

【33题详解】

主旨大意题。本文主要讨论是什么让生活变得有意义，故选B。

第二部分

本部分共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。

四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

WorkingOutthroughOn1ineVideos

Physicalexerciseisgoodforourmind,bodyandspirit.Today,workingout

throughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.SincetheInternetiswide1yused,

it'sveryeasyforustodoso.Thatmeanswecanworkoutanytimeanywhere.

Oneofmyfriends,LinFoi.followedshortworkoutvideostododailyexercise.

“Withliveprograms,Ifeellikeworkingoutwithmyfriends,whichencouragesme

toholdontothelastminute.wshesaid.Anotherfriendofmine,Michael,told

methatworkoutvideoslethimfeelsocomfortable."Ihaveafearofworkingout

atthegym（健身房）becauseIdon'tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.Workingoutat

homomakesworkingoutmuchmoreenjoyable.**hesaid.

Withtheirexamples,Idecidedtogiveitatry.WhenItoldmyplantomyelder

sister,aP.E.teacher,sheremindedmethatworkoutvideoscouldbehelpfulbut

mightstillcarrysomeproblems.

“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswi11ing（愿意的）

toworkouttoyourbest.Workingoutatthegymallowsyoutohaveadviceinreal

timeandgetpushedharder.**mysistersaidtome."Well,ifyoureallywantto

haveatry.first,chooseproperprogramsorvideos.That'sveryimportant.And

thenaskyourfriendsforadvice.Theirexperiencescangiveyouagoodsightinto

whatyoucanexpect.Anyway,don'tbeaddicted（沉迷的）toit.Youshouldtry

differentwaystoworkouttobehealthy.M

Athersuggestions,Ifinallyfollowedanonlineworkoutprogramwith

persona）izedhelpthatisheldforthreemonths.Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,

IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamount（量）ofwork

alongwithastrongwill.Comparedwithgoingtothegym,usingonlinevideosto

workoutisamuchcheaperandtime-savingchoice.Butitcanbedifficultsometimes

whenI'mtoolazyortoobusytosticktoit.

34.Whichwaytoworkoutisbecomingverypopulartoday?

35.WhydoesMichaeldislikeworkingoutatthegym?

36.Whatistheproblemofworkingoutwithoutsomeoneelseinperson?

37.Howdidthewriterfeelabouthisfirstperiodoftraining?

38.Wouldyouliketofollowonlinevideostoworkout?Whyorwhynot?

【答案】34.Workingoutthroughonlinevideos.

35.Becausehedocsn,tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.

36.Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelosswillingtoworkoutto

yourbest.

37.Itisverypracticalandhelpful.

38.Yes.BecauseIfeelfreeandrelaxedwhen1fellowonlinevideostoworkout.

【34题详解】

根据"Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.M可知，

如今,通过在线视频健身变得非常流行。故填Workingoutthroughonlinevideos.

【35题详解】

根据"IhaveafearofworkingoutatthegymbecauseIdon'tlikebeingwatched

byothers."可知,Michael害怕在健身房锻炼,因为不喜欢被别人注视。故填Becausehe

doesn'tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.

【36题详解】

根据**Withoutbeingwi:hsomeoneinperson,youwi11belesswillingtoworkout

toyourbest."可知，如果没有和某人在一起，你就不太愿意努力做到最好。故填Without

beingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.

【37题详解】

根据"Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,Ifeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhen

Iputintheright