2021-2022学年广东省东莞市高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年广东省东莞市高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节।满分20分）第一节听力理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）共两小段，每段播放两遍.请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，听第1段材料，回答第1-2题.1.Whydoesthemanaskforleave?A.HehurthisheadB.HecaughtacoldC.Hehadtopickuphiswife.2.Whatisthemansupposedtodotomorrow?A.Giveapresentation.B.Prepareforameeting.C.VisitSmithTechnology.听第2段材料，回答第3~5题。3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atabank.B.Atabakery.C.Atahighschool.4.Whatoccasionisthemanpreparingfor?A.Agraduationparty.B.Ananniversary.C.Awedding.5.Howdoesthemanwanttopay?A.Bycreditcard.B.ByWeChatC.ByAlipay.第二节听取信息（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）下面你将听到一段独白.请根据题目要求，从听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为6-10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍.你将有60秒的答题时间。LiftingLunchesofLoveOriginTheprojectwasstarted6________ago.DetailsTheyputsandwichesin7________hehaddecorated.Hehandsout8________lunchesthreetimesamonth.BenefitsOneofthebenefitsis9________variouspeople.AdviceDosomethingyouenjoy.Getyour10________involved.第二部分阅读理解（共两节；满分37.5分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分,满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThedaywhenGrandmacametolivewithuswasanexcitingoneforthewholefamily.Dadwenttopickherupattheairport,andwhentheypulledintothedriveway,wewereouttogreether.Herexcitement,however,wasnotonthesamelevelasours."WhatiswrongwithGrandma?Shedoesnotseemveryhappytobehere."IaskedMom."Well,maybeitwilltaketimeforhertogetusedtothischange,"shesaid,"Weneedtobepatientwithher.”Dadbrokein,"Herbeinghereisbetterthanherlivingallaloneinthatbigoldhouse."Timewenton,andalmosteverydayGrandmawasmadorupsetaboutsomethingwedid.EveryonenoticedhowGrandmahadchanged.Ourmemoriesofherwerehappyones.Sheusedtobeanicepersonandmadeusfeelwelcomewhenwestayedwithher.Nowthingswerealotdifferent.Later,DadtookGrandmatothedoctorforacheckup.ItturnedoutthatshewasintheearlystageofAlzheimer'sdisease.Thedoctorsaidshewouldbecomemoreforgetfulandannoyed,whichdidnotsoundgoodtousatall.OnedaywhenIwalkedinherroomtoseeifsheneededanything,Grandmahadasmileonherfaceandshecalledmebynamesoftly.Howunbelievable!Grandmawasback.Istayedandtalkedwithherforalongtime.WetalkedaboutwhenIwaslittleandwhenshelivedinherbigoldhouse.WhenMomandDadreturnedhome,Itoldthemwhathadhappened.MomsaidthatshewouldsometimesseemOKbutothertimesshewouldbeforgetfulandevenworse.ThattimeIspentwithGrandmawasoneIwouldalwaysremember.IknewthatsomewheredeepinsidewastheoldGrandmathatIrememberedandloved.1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'sfamily?A.TheywereasexcitedasGrandma.B.TheyexpectedGrandma'smovingin.C.TheywenttopickupGrandmatogether.D.TheypreferredGrandmatoliveintheoldhouse.2.WhatwasGrandmalikeinthepast?A.Upset. B.Forgetful. C.Easygoing. D.Generous.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Grandmagraduallyregainedhermemory.B.Grandma'srecoveryshockedMomandDad.C.TheauthorwastoldtotakecareofGrandma.D.TheauthorcherishedthehappytimewithGrandma.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者一家热情地把奶奶接到他们家住，但是奶奶因为年纪大而得了早期阿尔兹海默症。但是他们仍然很珍惜和奶奶在一起的美好时光。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThedaywhenGrandmacametolivewithuswasanexcitingoneforthewholefamily.”（奶奶来和我们一起住的那天对全家人来说都是令人兴奋的一天。）可知，作者一家人很期待奶奶和他们一起住。故选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ourmemoriesofherwerehappyones.Sheusedtobeanicepersonandmadeusfeelwelcomewhenwestayedwithher.”（我们对她的记忆都是快乐的。她过去是一个很好的人，并且当我们跟她待在一起时，她让我们感觉到很受欢迎。）可知，奶奶过去是一个很好相处，很随和的人。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThattimeIspentwithGrandmawasoneIwouldalwaysremember.IknewthatsomewheredeepinsidewastheoldGrandmathatIrememberedandloved.”（我会永远记得和奶奶在一起的时光。我知道在内心深处的某个地方是我记得并爱戴的老奶奶。）可知，作者很珍惜和奶奶在一起的美好时光。故选D。BIwasrecentlytoldbysomeonethatIamapeople-pleaser,apersonwhoworkshardonsatisfyingotherpeople.However,thispersonwasn'tsayingitinaniceway.Sowhat'swrongwiththat?What'swrongwithmakingsureothersarehappywithme?Moreover,whatexactlyarethenegativeresultsofbeingapeople-pleaser?People-pleasersbumtheirfingersbecauseoftheir"others-focused"mindset,whichputsthematadisadvantage.Whenothersarenothappy,people-pleaserscannotthinkofanythingelse,norcantheyenjoythemoment,becausetheyareoftendisturbedwiththefactthatthereissomeoneontheplanetwhoisnotsatisfiedwiththematthemoment.People-pleasersoftenmakepromisestheycan'tkeep—theywritecheckstheycan'tcash.ThisisthesituationIfoundmyselfinrecently.ImadeapromisetosomeonethatIwoulddosomethingforhim.ButitwasabitunrealisticandwouldtakemoreeffortsthanIwaswillingtoputin.Asaresult,thatpromisewasempty.Theactofmakingthepromisemadethemhappy,andthat,inturn,mademefeelsatisfied.Nowthatwe'vegotanideaofthenegativeaspectsofpeople-pleaserswhatcanwedotogetridofthoseaspects?Wherecanwestart?Thebiggestchallengepeople-pleasersmustovercomeistogetusedtosaying"no".Ifindthatitisastruggle,indeed.However,ifIwanttochangemyways,thenImustlearntoovercomethatdiscomfortAreyouapeople-pleasertoo?Don'tworry.Itdoesn'tmakeyouabadperson,oradishonestperson.Butitcansometimesleaveyouopentounneededanxietyorbecheatedbytrulyselfishpeoplewhoonlywishtotakeadvantageofyourkindness.Keepthegoodintentionsandthegood-heartednessinyourheart.Justworkonhowyouexpressyourrealfeelingsandholdontoyourpositionthroughyouractions.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase'burntheirfingers”inParagraph2mean?A.Hurttheirfingers.B.Suffersomelosses.CGetslightlyburned.D.Feelangrywithpeople.5.Whatistypicalofapeople-pleaser?A.Breakinghisword. B.Behavingselfishly.C.Sayingnotoothers. D.Cashinghischecks.6.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Toinstructpeopletoexpresstruefeelings.B.Tostoppeople-pleasersfrombeingcheated.C.Tosumupnegativeaspectsofpleasingothers.D.Toputforwardsuggestionsforpeople-pleasers.【答案】4.B5.A6.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述讨好他人的人的优缺点并给出建议。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“People-pleasersbumtheirfingersbecauseoftheir"others-focused"mindset,whichputsthematadisadvantage.”（讨好他人的人bumtheirfingers，因为他们“以他人为中心”的心态，这使他们处在了不利的地位。）可知，bumtheirfingers是动词短语，表示讨好他人的人的一个特点，他们以他人为中心，让自己处在不利地位，所以就会遭受一些损失，和B选项意思接近。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“People-pleasersoftenmakepromisestheycan'tkeep”（讨好他人的人经常会做一些他们不能遵守的承诺）可知，讨好他人的人经常违背诺言，说话不算话。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thebiggestchallengepeople-pleasersmustovercomeistogetusedtosaying"no".”（讨好他人的人必须克服的最大的挑战就是要习惯说“不”。）和最后一段“Keepthegoodintentionsandthegood-heartednessinyourheart.Justworkonhowyouexpressyourrealfeelingsandholdontoyourpositionthroughyouractions.”（保持好的意图和好心肠。仅仅致力于表达你真实的情感并且通过你的行为坚定你的立场。）可知，这两段是在给讨好他人的人一些建议。故选D。CThebatterypackofanelectricvehicle(EV)powersthecarhundredsofkilometers,againandagain,withoutlettingoffgases.Butwhenthebatterycomestotheendofit’slife,itsgreenbenefitsfade.Ifitendsupburied,itcanreleasepoisonousmaterialsincludingheavymetals.That'sjustoneoftheemergingproblemschallengingresearchers:howtorecyclemillionsofEVbatteries.CurrentEVbatteries"arereallynotdesignedtoberecycled",saysThompson,aresearcherataninstitution.Itwasn'tmuchofaproblemwhenEVswererare.Butnowthetechnologyistakingoff.Governmentsrealizethisisanissueandareinchingtowardrequiringsomelevelofrecycling.In2018,ChinadrewnewrulestopromotethereuseofEVbatteryparts.TheEuropeanUnionisexpectedtofinalizeitsfirstlawsthisyear.AndintheUnitedStates,severalstates,includingCalifornia—thenation'slargestcarmarket—areexploringtheirownrules.Recyclingwon'tbeeasy.Batteriesdifferwidelyinchemistryconstruction,whichmakesitdifficulttocreateefficientrecyclingsystems.Scientists,meanwhile,sayeffectivebatteryrecyclingwillrequiremorethanjusttechnologicaladvances.Thehighcostoftransportingusedbatteriesoverlongdistancescandiscouragerecycling.Itcausesaneconomicbarrier:It'softencheaperforbattermakerstobuyfreshly-minedmetalsthantouserecycledmaterials."Theneedforprogressisbecomingpressing,"saysLindaGaines,whoworksonbatteryrecycling."Thesoonerwecangeteverythingmoving,thebetter."Tojump-startrecycling,governmentsandindustryareputtingmoneyintoresearchcenters.ScientistsareworkingtoensuretheEVbatteriesbeingsoldtodaycanberecycledin2030andbeyond,whenthousandsofbatterieswillreachtheendoftheirlives."There'slittletimetowaste.”saysLinda.7.WhatistheproblemofEVbatteriesfromParagraph1?A.Theshortlifespantheyhave.B.Theweakpowertheyprovide.C.Thedeclineoftheirgreenbenefits.D.Thepoisonousgasestheygiveoff.8.WhatdogovernmentshaveincommonwhenhandlingEVbatteries?A.Workingoutregulations.B.Improvingthetechnology.C.Reducingelectricvehicles.D.Promotingreusablebatteries.9.WhatdoesLindathinkofrecyclingEVbatteries?A.Itisurgent. B.Itisefficient.C.Ithasmadeprogress. D.Itneedsadvancedtechnology.10.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EVBatteriesNeedtoBeUpgradedB.MillionsofEVBatteriesAreComingC.RecyclingEVbatteries:MissionImpossibleD.EVBatteryRecycling:ARaceAgainstTime【答案】7.C8.A9.A10.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是电动汽车电池的回收变得越来越紧迫了。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Butwhenthebatterycomestotheendofit’slife,itsgreenbenefitsfade.（但是当电池的寿命结束时，它的绿色效益就消失了。）”可知，电动汽车电池的问题是它们绿色效益的下降。故选C。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“In2018,ChinadrewnewrulestopromotethereuseofEVbatteryparts.TheEuropeanUnionisexpectedtofinalizeitsfirstlawsthisyear.AndintheUnitedStates,severalstates,includingCalifornia—thenation'slargestcarmarket—areexploringtheirownrules.（2018年，中国制定了新的法规，以促进电动汽车电池部件的再利用。欧盟预计将在今年完成其首个法律。在美国，包括加州在内的几个州——美国最大的汽车市场——正在探索各自的规则。）”可知，在处理电动汽车电池时，各国政府的共同点在于制定法规。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“"Theneedforprogressisbecomingpressing,"saysLindaGaines,whoworksonbatteryrecycling."Thesoonerwecangeteverythingmoving,thebetter."（研究电池回收的琳达·盖恩斯说:“进展的需要变得越来越紧迫。”“我们越早让一切行动起来越好。”）”可知，Linda对回收电动汽车电池的看法是这很紧迫，故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“That'sjustoneoftheemergingproblemschallengingresearchers:howtorecyclemillionsofEVbatteries.（这只是挑战研究人员的新问题之一:如何回收数以百万计的电动汽车电池。）”及最后一段的“Theneedforprogressisbecomingpressing（进展的需要变得越来越紧迫）”可知，本文主要讲的是电动汽车电池的回收变得越来越紧迫了，因此最恰当的题目是D选项“EVBatteryRecycling:ARaceAgainstTime（电动汽车电池回收:与时间赛跑）”，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项.Manypeoplehavecloserelationshipswiththeircousinsandformbondsthatlastalifetime.NationalCousinsDaycanbeagreatopportunitytospendtimewithsomeofyourfavoritepeopleinthefamily.____11____.WhatisNationalCousinsDay?NationalCousinsDayisanannualholidaythattakesplaceonJuly24.Itencouragespeopletospendtimewithandappreciatetheircousins.___12___,it'seasytolosetouchasyougrowolder.OnNationalCousinsDay,youmightreconnectwithcousinsandlookbackonhappyfamilymemoriestogether.NationalCousinsDayalsoservesasagoodexcusetohangoutandhavefunwithsomeofyourclosestfamilymembers.____13____TheoriginofNationalCousinsDayisabitofamystery.It'sunclearhowandwhentheholidayofficiallystarted.Nevertheless,cousinshavebeenanimportantpartoftheAmericanfamilyforgenerations.Inthepast,thebondsbetweencousinswereexploredinTVshowsandmoviesinalightheartedandfunnyway.Andnow,fromfamilyreunionstosummercookouts,cousinsaregiventhechancetobondwithoneanother.HowtoCelebrateNationalCousinsDay___14___.We'velistedafewwaysyoucanenjoyahappyCousinsDay.Agoodold-fashionedbarbecuecanbringbackmemoriesofthedayswhenyouandyourcousinswerelittlekids,runningaroundandcausingmischieftogether.____15____.Organizeagameofsoccerwithyourcousinstogetsomefreshairandexercise.Thisactivityworksespeciallywellifyouhavealotofcousins.A.HistoryofNationalCousinsDayB.EvenifweareclosetoourcousinsC.Inthisarticle,we'lldoadeepdiveintoitD.Inthisway,yourbondswithcousinswillbestrengthenedE.Ifyou'relookingforsomeinspirationorideas,don'tworryF.Whileyouseecousinsalotatfamilyeventswhenyou'reyoungG.Planningagameororganizingacompetitionisalsoagoodchoice【答案】11.C12.F13.A14.E15.G【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述国家表亲节的相关信息。【11题详解】根据上文“NationalCousinsDaycanbeagreatopportunitytospendtimewithsomeofyourfavoritepeopleinthefamily.”（国家表亲节是和家里最喜欢的一些人一起度过一段时间的最好的时机。）可知，接下来要具体讲述这个节日。C选项“在这篇文章里，我们将对它做一个深入的探究。”和上文意思一致。故选C。【12题详解】根据下文“it'seasytolosetouchasyougrowolder.”（随着你越来越大，很容易就失去联系了。）可知，上文要有和这句话对比的信息。F选项“虽然在你小时候你会在家里的大事小事上经常见到表亲”和下文意思一致。故选F。【13题详解】根据下文“TheoriginofNationalCousinsDayisabitofamystery.”（国家表亲节的起源有一点神秘。）可知，这一段是讲述国家表亲节的由来。A选项“国家表亲节的历史”和下文意思一致。故选A。【14题详解】根据下文“We'velistedafewwaysyoucanenjoyahappyCousinsDay.”（我们已经列出来了一些你可以享受一个快乐的表亲节的方法。）可知，上文要提出如何过表亲节的问题。E选项“如果你正在寻找一些灵感或想法，不要担心。”和下文意思一致。故选E。【15题详解】根据上文“We'velistedafewwaysyoucanenjoyahappyCousinsDay.”（我们已经列出来了一些你可以享受一个快乐的表亲节的方法。）可知，下面是列举的一些享受这个节日的方式。G选项“计划一个游戏或者组织一个比赛也是一个好的选择。”和上文意思一致。故选G。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节；满分37・5分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Fourteen-year-oldQuanHongchanhasstruckgoldforChinaattheTokyoOlympics.Startingthecompetitionasadarkhorseonthenationalteam,she’smade___16___withamazingperformancesinthe10-meterwomen’sdivingplatformevent.She___17___hernameinthehistorybooks.Quanisageniuswhowalkedoutofasmallseasidetown.Shestarted___18___attheofseven.Inherfirsttrainingschool,thespringboardwasmadeof___19___anditgotburninghotinthesummer.Shecouldonlyuseatoweltosqueezethewaterto___20___thespringboard,andthenjumpedintothewateragainandagainintheterrible___21___.“Eveninsuchtough___22___QuanHongchan’shardworkandseriousnessintrainingslowlyshowed,”CoachChenHuamingsaid,“Hersuccessisnotentirely___23___talent”“Ourcoachoftenremindsusthatweshouldtakethosesuccessfulbigbrothersandsistersasourrolemodels.Howeverhardthetrainingis,theyjust___24___ittothelastsecond.”QuantoldChinaDaily.Withtherolemodelsinherheart,QuanHongchanbecamemore_____25_____intraining.Shekeptpracticingphysicalstaminaandbasicskills,fumingonthetossingmachineandjumpingofftheplatformrepeatedly.Havingstoodoutinaseriesofcompetitions,QuanHongchanmanagedto_____26_____thenationalteamattheendof2020.Duetothe_____27_____training,talentandhardworkcouldfinallybeperfectly_____28_____toachievehergoal.Thislittlegenius_____29_____theworldwiththreeperfect10scoresoutoffivedivesaftershe_____30_____anearsplash-lessdive.16.A.attempts B.money C.surprises D.history17.A.called B.spelt C.secured D.reported18.A.jumping B.swimming C.training D.performing19.A.rubber B.wood C.bamboo D.iron20.A.cool B.protect C.clean D.wet21.A.fog B.sunlight C.rain D.snow22.A.conditions B.surroundings C.races D.tryouts23.A.consistentwith B.equalto C.freefrom D.dependenton24.A.stickto B.subscribeto C.sidewith D.relyon25.A.normal B.engaged C.realistic D.gifted26.A.approach B.anticipate C.enter D.explore27.A.mechanical B.traditional C.random D.scientific28.A.recognized B.combined C.adapted D.approved29.A.amazed B.entertained C.embraced D.dominated30.A.arranged B.performed C.signaled D.recognized【答案】16.D17.C18.C19.D20.A21.B22.A23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.B29.A30.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了14岁的全红婵在东京奥运会上为中国夺得金牌，并阐述了其职业生涯。【16题详解】考查名词义辨析。句意：作为国家队的黑马，她在10米女子跳台比赛中以惊人的表现创造了历史。A.attempts尝试；B.money钱；C.surprises惊喜；D.history历史。根据文“She___2___hernameinthehistorybooks.”可知，全红婵在比赛中以惊人的表现，把自己的名字载入史册，推知此处指她在10米女子跳台比赛中以惊人的表现创造了历史（history）。故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把自己的名字载入史册。A.called打电话；B.spelt拼写；C.secured(尤指经过努力)获得，取得，实现；D.reported报道。根据上文“she’smade___1___withamazingperformancesinthe10-meterwomen’sdivingplatformevent.”可知，全红婵在10米女子跳台比赛中以惊人的表现创造了历史，推知此处指她把自己的名字载入历史，理解为她通过努力，在史册中获得（secured）了自己的名字。故选C项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从七岁开始训练。A.jumping跳跃的；B.swimming游泳；C.training训练；D.performing表演。根据下文“Inherfirsttrainingschool,thespringboardwasmadeof___4___anditgotburninghotinthesummer.”可知，在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热，推知此处指她从七岁开始训练（training）。故选C项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热。A.rubber橡胶；B.wood木材；C.bamboo竹子；D.iron铁。根据常识和该句中“...itgotburninghotinthesummer...”可推知，铁在阳光的照射下，夏天会变得很热。推知此处指跳板是用铁（iron）做的。故选D项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只能用毛巾挤水来冷却跳板，然后在可怕的阳光下一次又一次地跳入水中。A.cool冷却；B.protect保护；C.clean清理；D.wet使潮湿。根据上文“Inherfirsttrainingschool,thespringboardwasmadeof___4___anditgotburninghotinthesummer.”和“squeezethewater”可知，在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热。推知，她用水冷却（cool）跳板。故选A项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她只能用毛巾挤水来冷却跳板，然后在可怕的阳光下一次又一次地跳入水中。A.fog雾；B.sunlight阳光；C.rain雨；D.snow雪。根据上文“Inherfirsttrainingschool,thespringboardwasmadeof___4___anditgotburninghotinthesummer.”可知，在她第一个训练学校，夏天很热，阳光很强烈，以至于跳板都是热的，推知此处指她在可怕的阳光（sunlight）下一次又一次地跳入水中。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“即使在如此艰苦的条件下，全红婵在训练中的辛勤工作和认真态度也慢慢表现出来，”陈华明教练说，“她的成功并不完全取决于天赋。”A.conditions条件；B.surroundings周围的环境；C.races比赛；D.tryouts选拔赛。根据上文“Inherfirsttrainingschool,thespringboardwasmadeof___4___anditgotburninghotinthesummer.Shecouldonlyuseatoweltosqueezethewaterto___5___thespringboard…”可知，在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热，她只能用毛巾挤水来冷却跳板，推知，全红婵训练条件（conditions）非常艰苦。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：陈华明教练说，“她的成功并不完全取决于天赋。”A.consistentwith符合；B.equalto相当于；C.freefrom免于；D.dependenton取决于，依赖于。根据上文“Inherfirsttrainingschool,thespringboardwasmadeof___4___anditgotburninghotinthesummer.Shecouldonlyuseatoweltosqueezethewaterto___5___thespringboard…”可知，在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热，她只能用毛巾挤水来冷却跳板，推知，全红婵的成功不仅仅是依赖于（dependenton）她的天赋，还在于她的努力。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管训练有多艰难，他们都会坚持到最后一秒。A.stickto坚持；B.subscribeto同意；C.sidewith支持；D.relyon依靠。根据下文“Withtherolemodelsinherheart,QuanHongchanbecamemore___10___intraining.”可知，全红婵心中有了榜样，她更加投入训练。推知，在她的心目中，这些榜样们无论训练有多么艰苦，都坚持（stickto）到最后一秒。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：全红婵心中有了榜样，她开始更忙于投身训练。A.normal典型的；B.engaged忙于；C.realistic现实的；D.gifted有天才的。根据上文“Howeverhardthetrainingis,theyjust___9___ittothelastsecond.”可知，无论训练多么艰苦，他们都会坚持到最后一秒，推知，有了榜样的力量，她开始更忙于(becomeengagedin)投身训练，故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一系列比赛中脱颖而出的全红婵在2020年底成功进入国家队。A.approach接近；B.anticipate预料；C.enter进来；D.explore勘探。根据该句中“Havingstoodoutinaseriesofcompetitions”以及第一段中“Startingthecompetitionasadarkhorseonthenationalteam”可知，全红婵是经过一系列比赛脱颖而出，进入（enter）国家队，故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于科学的训练、才能和努力最终可以完美地结合起来，以实现她的目标。A.mechanical机动的；B.traditional传统的；C.random随机的；D.scientific科学的。根据上文“Havingstoodoutinaseriesofcompetitions,QuanHongchanmanagedto___11___thenationalteamattheendof2020.”可知，在一系列比赛中脱颖而出的全红婵在2020年底成功进入国家队，国家队的训练是更加规范和科学的（scientific）。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于科学的训练，才能和努力最终可以完美地结合起来，以实现她的目标。A.recognized辨识；B.combined结合；C.adapted改编；D.approved经核准的。根据“Duetothe___12___training,talentandhardwork...”可知，上文提到了科学的训练、才能和努力，推知此处指这三项结合（combined）起来，全红婵才走向成功。故选B项。29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位小天才在进行了一次几乎没有飞溅的跳水后，五次跳水中有三次满分10分，震惊了世界。A.amazed震惊；B.entertained招待；C.embraced拥抱；D.dominated主导。根据“...withthreeperfect10scoresoutoffivedives...”可知，全红婵五次跳水中有三次满分10分，这个成绩震惊（amazed）了世界。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位小天才在表演了一次几乎没有飞溅的跳水后，五次跳水中有三次满分10分，震惊了世界。A.arranged安排；B.performed表演；C.signaled示意；D.recognized辨识。根据“...anearsplash-lessdive...”可知，此处指全红婵在表演（performed）了一次几乎没有飞溅的跳水后。故选B项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中单词的恰当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41〜50的相应位置。31.I_______________（run）outofmysaltalready,soIhavetobuysome.（所给词的正确形式填空）【答案】haverun【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我的盐已经用完了，所以我得去买一些。由“soIhavetobuysome”和“already”可知，盐已经用完了，句子用现在完成时，表示已经完成的动作，主语I是第一人称，因此空格处是haverun。故填haverun。32._______________(feel)fearfulishealthybecauseithelpsyouslowdownandevaluaterisksproperly.(所给词的正确形式填空)【答案】Feeling【解析】【详解】考查非谓语。句意：感到恐惧是健康的，因为它能帮助你放慢脚步，正确评估风险。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语；结合所给动词feel可知，空处需用动名词作主语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Feeling。33.Dongguan,acity_______________（locate）intheGreaterBayArea,isarisingstarinhi-techindustry.（所给词的正确形式填空）【答案】located【解析】【详解】考查非谓语。句意：东莞位于大湾区，是高科技产业的一颗新星。分析句子可知，句子的主语是Dongguan，系动词是is，固定搭配belocatedin“位于……”，locat在此作非谓语，故去掉be。故填located。34.Confuciuswasoneofthemost_______________（influence）thinkersinancienttimes.（所给词的正确形式填空）【答案】influential【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：孔子是古代最有影响力的思想家之一。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里是形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词thinkers。故填influential。35._______________didthiswillsoonerorlaterbecaughtandwillbepunished.（用适当的词填空）【答案】Whoever【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论是谁干的，迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。分析句式结构可知此处是主语从句，且主语从句中缺少主语，再分析句意可知，用连接代词whoever引导主语从句表示“无论谁”干的，符合语境。故填whoever。36.Iconsider___________________________effectivetoreleasestressthroughphysicalexercise.（用适当的词填空）【答案】it【解析】【详解】考查代词it。句意：我认为通过体育锻炼可以有效地释放压力。分析句子可知，空格处是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语“toreleasestress”，故用形式宾语it，故填it。37.Iamgoingtoenjoy_______________exhibitionofartifactsthisSaturday.（用适当的词填空）【答案】an【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：这个星期六我要去参观一个文物展览。exhibition是可数名词的单数形式，前面且表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，exhibition是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。38.Avolleyballteamusuallyconsists_______________14players.（用适当的词填空）【答案】of【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：一个排球队由14名运动员组成。固定搭配consistof“由……组成”，故填of。39.Inanancientpoem,muchmeaningcan_______________（convey）injustafewcharacters.（所给词的正确形式填空）【答案】beconveyed【解析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：在一首古诗中，几个字就可以表达很多意思。意思是被传达，句子用被动语态，can是情态动词，因此空格处是bedone，因此空格处是beconveyed。故填beconveyed。40.Springisaseason_________________wearelearningnewrhythmsoflife.（用适当的词填空）【答案】when【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节。分析句子结构可知，“________wearelearningnewrhythmsoflife.”是限定性定语从句，先行词是season(季节)，指时间，且定语从句中缺少时间状语intheseason，应用关系副词when来引导，故填when。第四部分写作（共三节；满分55分）第一节句子考查（第51-54小题每空0.5分，第55〜57小题每题3分，满分15分）根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。41.__________________（对……做出回应）theaudience'sgreatdemandtheplaywillbeputoninthetheatretwiceaweek（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】Inresponseto##Inreactionto【解析】【详解】考查短语。句意：应观众的强烈要求，这出戏将在剧院每周上演两次。inresponseto/inreactionto对……做出回应。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Inresponseto/Inreactionto。42.ThedoctorperformedCPRtimely,thepatient_______________（使复活）.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】bringing…tolife##making…comealive【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医生及时进行了心肺复苏，病人复活了。根据汉语提示，“使复活”译为bring...tolife或者ealive，分析句子可知，此处为独立主格结构作状语，bring/make与逻辑主语thepatient是主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填bringing...tolife/ealive。【点睛】43.Youshouldinnosenseloseheart;agreatcauseisworthtryingmanytimes.（同义句改写）Innosense_______________loseheart;agreatcauseis_______________beingtriedmanytimes.【答案】①.shouldyou②.worthyof【解析】【详解】考查倒装句和固定搭配。句意：你决不应该灰心丧气；伟大的事业值得多次尝试。Innosense表示“决不”，是表示否定意义的短语，位于句首时，要用部分倒装，即将助动词/情态动词提到主语前面，所以将原句中情态动词should提到主语you的前面，所以第一空填shouldyou。Beworthdoing是固定搭配，表示“值得做某事”，主语是agreatcause(伟大的事业)，指物，和动词try(尝试)是被动关系，但beworthdoing可以主动表被动，beworthyof不可以表示被动，表示被动时，应用beworthyofbeingdone，所以beworthdoing就等于beworthyofbeingdone，意为“值得做”。故第一空填shouldyou，第二空填worthyof。44.TotheexcitementofHuaweifans,Huaweiissueditsnewoperatingsystem-HarmonyOS.（同义句改写）_______________madeHuaweifans_______________wasitsnewly-releasedoperatingsystem-HarmonyOS.【答案】①.What②.excited##thrilled【解析】【详解】考查主语从句和形容词。句意：令华为粉丝兴奋的是，华为发布了新的操作系统——HarmonyOS。“TotheexcitementofHuaweifans”意为“令华为粉丝兴奋的是”，可改为what引导主语从句，因此第一空是what，位于句首，首字母大写，根据句意可知，第二空意为“兴奋的”，“makesb.+形容词”意为“使某人”，“兴奋的”的形容词是excited/thrilled。故填What，excited/thrilled。45.Myplanforthewinterholidayis_______________（和家人去漠河市赏雪）.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】toadmire/appreciatesnowinMohewithmyfamily##thatIwilladmire/appreciatesnowinMoheCitywithmyfamily.【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词或名词性从句。句意：我的寒假计划是和家人去漠河看雪。句中用不定式to作表语或用表语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。陈述将来事情，用一般将来时。动词“欣赏”用admire/appreciate。根据汉语提示及句意，故填toadmire/appreciatesnowinMohewithmyfamily/thatIwilladmire/appreciatesnowinMoheCitywithmyfamily.46.Idon'tknowhowtosolvethisproblem.SoIamwritingtoaskforyouradvice.（用现在分词合并句子）【答案】Notknowinghowtosolvethisproblem,Iamwritingtoaskforyouradvice.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不知道如何解决这个问题。所以我写信来征求你的建议。分析句子可知，前一分句表示原因，根据提示使用现在分词作原因状语，主语一致，know与主语I是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，否定式是notknowing，故答案是Notknowinghowtosolvethisproblem,Iamwritingtoaskforyouradvice.【点睛】47.由于专心听着讲座，Tom没有注意到我的出现,（用with的复合结构翻译）【答案】Tomdidn’tnoticemyappearance/presencewithhisattentionfocused/fixed/concentratedonthelecture./Withhismindfocused/fixed/concentratedonthelecture,Tomdidn’tnoticemecomingin/myentrance.【解析】【详解】考查with的复合结构和时态。“由于专心听着讲座”用with复合结构，“专心于”是focus/fix/concentrateone’sattention/mindon，“讲座”是lecture，注意力是被专注于，因此用过去分词表被动，因此“由于专心听着讲座”翻译为withhisattentionfocused/fixed/concentratedonthelecture或withhismindfocused/fixed/concentratedonthelecture；“Tom没有注意到我的出现”时态用一般过去时，“没有注意到”是didn’tnotice，“我的出现”可用myappearance/presence或mecomingin/myentrance，因此整个句子翻译为“Tomdidn’tnoticemyappearance/presencewithhisattentionfocused/fixed/concentratedonthelecture.或Withhismindfocused/fixed/concentratedonthelecture,Tomdidn’tnoticemecomingin/myentrance”。故答案为Tomdidn’tnoticemyappearance/presencewithhisattentionfocused/fixed/concentratedonthelecture.或Withhismindfocused/fixed/concentratedonthelecture,Tomdidn’tnoticemecomingin/myentrance。第二节应用文写作（满分15分）48.假如你是红星中学的李华，收到来自英国朋友Tom的电子邮件，咨询你校刚开设的劳动课程（laborcourse）的情况，请你给他回信，内容如下：1、课程目的；2、课程内容（生活技能、社区服务等）；3、你的收获。注意：1、词数80左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearTom,Howiseverythinggoing?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,Howiseverythinggoing?Iamwritinginresponsetoyourinquiryaboutthelaborcoursestartedinourschool,whichisintendedtoraisestudents’awarenessoflabourandhelpthemformagoodhabit.Tostartwith,colorfullabourprogramsareopeneveryweekinourschool.Withtheguidanceofteachers,wecannotonlylearnbasiclifeskills,butalsoparticipateincommunityservice,throughwhich