2024年二级翻译专业资格练习题有参考答案

2024年二级翻译专业资格练习题有参考答案笔译综合能力部分词汇和语法（每题1分，共20题）1.Thenewpolicyisdesignedtofacilitatetheeconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.A.hinderB.promoteC.complicateD.delay答案：B。“facilitate”意为“促进，使便利”，“promote”有“促进”之意，与“facilitate”意思相近；“hinder”是“阻碍”；“complicate”是“使复杂”；“delay”是“延迟”。2.Thescientistmadearemarkablediscoverythatcouldchangethecourseofhistory.A.ordinaryB.outstandingC.forgettableD.common答案：B。“remarkable”表示“显著的，非凡的”，“outstanding”意为“杰出的，显著的”，二者意思相符；“ordinary”“forgettable”“common”都表达普通、平常的意思，与“remarkable”相反。3.Weshouldallocatesufficientresourcestothisprojecttoensureitssuccess.A.distributeB.collectC.wasteD.save答案：A。“allocate”是“分配，拨出”，“distribute”也有“分配”的意思；“collect”是“收集”；“waste”是“浪费”；“save”是“节省”。4.Theoldman'shealthhasbeendeterioratinginrecentmonths.A.improvingB.remainingstableC.gettingworseD.fluctuating答案：C。“deteriorate”意为“恶化，变坏”，“gettingworse”与之同义；“improving”是“改善”；“remainingstable”是“保持稳定”；“fluctuating”是“波动”。5.Thecompanyisplanningtolaunchanewproductnextmonth.A.cancelB.introduceC.abandonD.postpone答案：B。“launch”有“推出，发布”的意思，“introduce”也可表示“推出，介绍”新产品；“cancel”是“取消”；“abandon”是“放弃”；“postpone”是“推迟”。6.Theprofessor'slecturewassoabstractthatmoststudentscouldn'tfollowit.A.concreteB.clearC.difficulttounderstandD.simple答案：C。“abstract”表示“抽象的，难以理解的”，“difficulttounderstand”符合其意思；“concrete”“clear”“simple”都表示具体、清晰、简单，与“abstract”相反。7.Thecityhaswitnessedatremendousgrowthinpopulationinthepastdecade.A.slightB.moderateC.hugeD.slow答案：C。“tremendous”意为“巨大的，极大的”，“huge”与之同义；“slight”是“轻微的”；“moderate”是“适度的”；“slow”是“缓慢的”。8.Themanagerrejectedtheproposalwithoutgivinganyreasons.A.acceptedB.consideredC.refusedD.discussed答案：C。“reject”是“拒绝”，“refused”与之意思相同；“accepted”是“接受”；“considered”是“考虑”；“discussed”是“讨论”。9.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestocombatpollution.A.supportB.fightagainstC.encourageD.ignore答案：B。“combat”意为“与……作斗争，对抗”，“fightagainst”有同样的意思；“support”是“支持”；“encourage”是“鼓励”；“ignore”是“忽视”。10.Thenovelisbasedonreal-lifeevents.A.imaginedB.relatedtoC.farfromD.independentof答案：B。“bebasedon”表示“基于，以……为基础”，“relatedto”表示“与……有关”，二者意思相近；“imagined”是“想象的”；“farfrom”是“远离”；“independentof”是“独立于”。11.Thechildrenwereveryexcitedandcouldnotsettledowntotheirhomework.A.calmdownandstartB.giveupC.putoffD.takeup答案：A。“settledown”有“静下心来开始做某事”的意思，“calmdownandstart”与之相符；“giveup”是“放弃”；“putoff”是“推迟”；“takeup”是“开始从事，占据”。12.Shealwayskeepsherword,whichmakesherverytrustworthy.A.breaksherpromiseB.fulfillsherpromiseC.forgetsherpromiseD.makesanewpromise答案：B。“keepone'sword”是“遵守诺言”，“fulfillherpromise”也是“履行她的承诺”；“breakone'spromise”是“违背诺言”；“forgetone'spromise”是“忘记诺言”；“makeanewpromise”是“许下新的诺言”。13.Theproblemissocomplexthatitrequiresalotoftimetosolve.A.easyB.complicatedC.simpleD.straightforward答案：B。“complex”意为“复杂的”，“complicated”与之同义；“easy”“simple”“straightforward”都表示简单的意思。14.Thenewsoftwarehasmanyadvancedfeatures.A.basicB.old-fashionedC.modernandhigh-levelD.simple答案：C。“advanced”表示“先进的，高级的”，“modernandhigh-level”符合其含义；“basic”是“基础的”；“old-fashioned”是“老式的”；“simple”是“简单的”。15.Theteamachievedgreatsuccessinthecompetition.A.failedtogetB.obtainedC.lostD.missed答案：B。“achieve”意为“取得，获得”，“obtained”与之同义；“failedtoget”“lost”“missed”都表示未获得、失去的意思。16.Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbesunnytomorrow.A.rainyB.cloudyC.clearandbrightwithsunshineD.foggy答案：C。“sunny”表示“晴朗的，阳光充足的”，“clearandbrightwithsunshine”与之意思一致；“rainy”是“下雨的”；“cloudy”是“多云的”；“foggy”是“有雾的”。17.Thebookisworthreading.A.notworthyofB.deservingofC.notdeservingofD.uselessfor答案：B。“beworthdoing”表示“值得做某事”，“deservingof”有“值得”的意思；“notworthyof”“notdeservingof”都表示不值得；“uselessfor”表示对……无用。18.Thedoctoradvisedhimtoexerciseregularly.A.orderedB.suggestedC.forcedD.prohibited答案：B。“advise”意为“建议”，“suggested”与之同义；“ordered”是“命令”；“forced”是“强迫”；“prohibited”是“禁止”。19.Thecityhasadiversepopulation.A.homogeneousB.variedC.single-mindedD.uniform答案：B。“diverse”表示“多样的，多元化的”，“varied”与之意思相同；“homogeneous”“uniform”都表示同质的、统一的；“single-minded”是“一心一意的”。20.Theprojectisunderwayandisexpectedtobecompletednextyear.A.notstartedyetB.inprogressC.finishedD.cancelled答案：B。“underway”意为“正在进行中”，“inprogress”与之同义；“notstartedyet”是“还未开始”；“finished”是“完成”；“cancelled”是“取消”。阅读理解（每题2分，共15题）Passage1TheInternethasbecomeanessentialpartofourdailylives.Ithasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate,accessinformation,andconductbusiness.Withjustafewclicks,wecanconnectwithpeoplefromallovertheworld,findanswerstoalmostanyquestion,andshopforproductsandservices.However,theInternetalsohasitsdrawbacks.Oneofthemajorconcernsisonlineprivacy.Ourpersonalinformation,suchasnames,addresses,andcreditcarddetails,canbeeasilyaccessedbyhackersifwearenotcareful.Anotherissueisthespreadoffalseinformation.ThereisavastamountofmisinformationontheInternet,whichcanleadtoconfusionandevenharm.1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.TheInternetisadangerousplace.B.TheInternethaschangedourlivesinmanyways.C.Peopledon'tlikeusingtheInternet.D.TheInternetisonlyusedforcommunication.答案：B。第一段主要讲述了互联网已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分，它彻底改变了我们交流、获取信息和开展业务的方式，所以选B。A选项说互联网是危险的地方与第一段积极描述不符；C选项人们不喜欢使用互联网在文中未提及；D选项互联网仅用于交流过于片面。2.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethedrawbacksoftheInternet?A.Itistooslow.B.Itisexpensive.C.Onlineprivacyandspreadoffalseinformation.D.Therearetoofewwebsites.答案：C。第二段明确指出互联网的缺点主要是网络隐私问题和虚假信息的传播，所以选C。A选项网速慢、B选项费用高、D选项网站太少在文中均未提及。3.Whatcanhappenifwearenotcarefulwithourpersonalinformationonline?A.Wecanmakemorefriends.B.Ourpersonalinformationcanbeaccessedbyhackers.C.Wecangetmorediscountswhenshopping.D.Wecanlearnmoreknowledge.答案：B。文中提到“Ourpersonalinformation,suchasnames,addresses,andcreditcarddetails,canbeeasilyaccessedbyhackersifwearenotcareful”，所以选B。A选项交更多朋友、C选项购物获得更多折扣、D选项学习更多知识都与不注意保护个人信息的后果无关。Passage2Inrecentyears,thedemandfororganicfoodhasbeenincreasingsteadily.Organicfoodisproducedwithouttheuseofsyntheticpesticides,fertilizers,andgeneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs).Manyconsumersbelievethatorganicfoodishealthierandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.However,theproductionoforganicfoodismoreexpensivethanconventionalfood.Thisisbecauseorganicfarmershavetofollowstrictproductionstandardsandusemorelabor-intensivemethods.Asaresult,organicfoodisoftenmoreexpensiveinthemarket.4.Whyisthedemandfororganicfoodincreasing?A.Itischeaperthanconventionalfood.B.Itisproducedwithmoresyntheticpesticides.C.Consumersthinkitishealthierandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Ithasalongershelf-life.答案：C。文中提到“Manyconsumersbelievethatorganicfoodishealthierandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly”，这是有机食品需求增加的原因，所以选C。A选项有机食品比传统食品便宜与文中“有机食品生产更贵”不符；B选项有机食品使用更多合成农药与“不使用合成农药”相悖；D选项文中未提及有机食品保质期更长。5.Whyistheproductionoforganicfoodmoreexpensive?A.Organicfarmersuselesslabor.B.Organicfarmersdon'tfollowanyproductionstandards.C.Organicfarmershavetofollowstrictproductionstandardsandusemorelabor-intensivemethods.D.Organicfarmersusemoresyntheticfertilizers.答案：C。文中明确指出“Thisisbecauseorganicfarmershavetofollowstrictproductionstandardsandusemorelabor-intensivemethods”，所以选C。A选项有机农民使用更少劳动力与“使用更多劳动密集型方法”不符；B选项有机农民不遵循任何生产标准与“遵循严格生产标准”矛盾；D选项有机农民使用更多合成化肥与“不使用合成化肥”不符。6.Whatistheresultofthehigherproductioncostoforganicfood?A.Organicfoodislesspopular.B.Organicfoodisoftenmoreexpensiveinthemarket.C.Organicfoodisoflowerquality.D.Organicfoodisnotavailableinthemarket.答案：B。文中提到“Asaresult,organicfoodisoftenmoreexpensiveinthemarket”，所以选B。A选项有机食品更不受欢迎与需求增加不符；C选项有机食品质量更低在文中未体现；D选项有机食品在市场上买不到不符合实际情况。Passage3Theartofstorytellinghasalonghistory.Ithasbeenusedasawaytopassdownculturaltraditions,teachmorallessons,andentertainpeople.Inancienttimes,storiesweretoldorally,andtheywereoftenaccompaniedbymusicordance.Today,storytellinghasevolvedwiththedevelopmentoftechnology.Wecannowfindstoriesinvariousforms,suchasbooks,movies,andonlinevideos.However,theessenceofstorytellingremainsthesame-toengagetheaudienceandconveyamessage.7.Whatwasthepurposeofstorytellinginancienttimes?A.Onlyforentertainment.B.Onlytopassdownculturaltraditions.C.Topassdownculturaltraditions,teachmorallessons,andentertainpeople.D.Tomakemoney.答案：C。文中提到“Ithasbeenusedasawaytopassdownculturaltraditions,teachmorallessons,andentertainpeople”，所以选C。A选项只用于娱乐、B选项只用于传承文化传统都过于片面；D选项赚钱在文中未提及。8.Howwerestoriestoldinancienttimes?A.Onlythroughbooks.B.Orally,oftenaccompaniedbymusicordance.C.Onlythroughonlinevideos.D.Onlythroughmovies.答案：B。文中明确指出“Inancienttimes,storiesweretoldorally,andtheywereoftenaccompaniedbymusicordance”，所以选B。A选项只通过书籍、C选项只通过在线视频、D选项只通过电影在古代都不存在。9.Whathashappenedtostorytellingwiththedevelopmentoftechnology?A.Ithasdisappeared.B.Ithasonlychangedinform.C.Ithaslostitsessence.D.Ithasbecomelesspopular.答案：B。文中提到“Today,storytellinghasevolvedwiththedevelopmentoftechnology.Wecannowfindstoriesinvariousforms,suchasbooks,movies,andonlinevideos.However,theessenceofstorytellingremainsthesame”，说明只是形式改变了，本质不变，所以选B。A选项故事讲述消失了不符合实际；C选项失去了本质与原文相悖；D选项变得不那么受欢迎在文中未体现。Passage4Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesofourtime.Risingglobaltemperaturesarecausingglacierstomelt,sealevelstorise,andextremeweathereventstobecomemorefrequent.Toaddressthisproblem,countriesaroundtheworldaretakingmeasures.Someareinvestinginrenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower.Othersareimplementingpoliciestoreducecarbonemissions.10.Whataretheeffectsofrisingglobaltemperatures?A.Glaciersmelting,sea-levelrising,andmorefrequentextremeweatherevents.B.Moresnowfallinwinter.C.Coldersummers.D.Decreaseinrainfall.答案：A。文中提到“Risingglobaltemperaturesarecausingglacierstomelt,sealevelstorise,andextremeweathereventstobecomemorefrequent”，所以选A。B选项冬季降雪增多、C选项夏季更冷、D选项降雨量减少在文中均未提及是全球气温上升的影响。11.Howarecountriesaddressingtheclimate-changeproblem?A.Byincreasingcarbonemissions.B.Byinvestinginnon-renewableenergysources.C.Byinvestinginrenewableenergysourcesandimplementingpoliciestoreducecarbonemissions.D.Bydoingnothing.答案：C。文中提到“Someareinvestinginrenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower.Othersareimplementingpoliciestoreducecarbonemissions”，所以选C。A选项增加碳排放会加剧气候变化；B选项投资不可再生能源不利于解决问题；D选项什么都不做与各国采取措施不符。12.Whatkindofenergysourcesaresomecountriesinvestingin?A.Coalandoil.B.Solarandwindpower.C.Nuclearpoweronly.D.Gasonly.答案：B。文中明确指出“Someareinvestinginrenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower”，所以选B。A选项煤炭和石油是不可再生能源；C选项只投资核能和D选项只投资天然气都过于片面。Passage5Theeducationsystemplaysacrucialroleinshapingthefutureofanation.Agoodeducationsystemshouldnotonlyfocusonacademicknowledgebutalsoonthedevelopmentofstudents'skillsandcharacter.Insomecountries,thereisastrongemphasisonrotelearning,whichmaylimitstudents'creativityandcriticalthinkingabilities.Ontheotherhand,countriesthatadoptamoreholisticapproachtoeducationtendtoproducewell-roundedstudents.13.Whatshouldagoodeducationsystemfocuson?A.Onlyacademicknowledge.B.Onlythedevelopmentofstudents'skills.C.Onlythedevelopmentofstudents'character.D.Academicknowledge,students'skills,andcharacter.答案：D。文中提到“Agoodeducationsystemshouldnotonlyfocusonacademicknowledgebutalsoonthedevelopmentofstudents'skillsandcharacter”，所以选D。A选项只关注学术知识、B选项只关注学生技能发展、C选项只关注学生品格发展都不全面。14.Whatistheproblemwithrotelearning?A.Ithelpsstudentslearnfaster.B.Itimprovesstudents'creativity.C.Itmaylimitstudents'creativityandcriticalthinkingabilities.D.Itmakesstudentsmoreconfident.答案：C。文中指出“Insomecountries,thereisastrongemphasisonrotelearning,whichmaylimitstudents'creativityandcriticalthinkingabilities”，所以选C。A选项帮助学生学得更快、B选项提高学生创造力、D选项让学生更自信都与原文对死记硬背学习方式的描述不符。15.Whatkindofstudentsdocountrieswithaholisticapproachtoeducationtendtoproduce?A.Studentswithonlyacademicknowledge.B.Well-roundedstudents.C.Studentswithpoorskills.D.Studentswithweakcharacter.答案：B。文中提到“countriesthatadoptamoreholisticapproachtoeducationtendtoproducewell-roundedstudents”，所以选B。A选项只有学术知识的学生、C选项技能差的学生、D选项品格薄弱的学生都与采用全面教育方法培养的学生特点不符。完型填空（每题1分，共15题）Thedevelopmentoftransportationhashadaprofoundimpactonourlives.Inthepast,peoplemainlyreliedon16meansoftransportation,suchaswalkingandridinghorses.Thesemethodswereslowandlimitedthedistancepeoplecouldtravel.Withthe17ofthesteamengineinthe18thcentury,aneweraoftransportationbegan.Trainsandsteamshipswereinvented,which18peopletotravellongerdistancesmorequickly.Thisledtothegrowthoftradeandtheexchangeofideasbetweendifferentregions.Inthe20thcentury,theinventionoftheautomobileandtheairplane19transportationevenfurther.Carsprovidedpeoplewithmore20intermsoftravel.Theycouldgowherevertheywanted,whenevertheywanted.Airplanes,ontheotherhand,madeitpossibletotravelacrosstheworldinamatterofhours.However,thedevelopmentoftransportationalsobroughtsome21.Oneofthemajorproblemsisenvironmentalpollution.Carsandairplanes22alargeamountofgreenhousegases,whichcontributetoglobalwarming.Anotherissueistrafficcongestion,especiallyinbigcities.The23numberofcarsontheroadshasledtolong-lastingtrafficjams.To24theseproblems,governmentsandindividualsaretakingmeasures.Governmentsareinvestinginpublictransportation,suchassubwaysandbuses,toencouragepeopletouse25modesoftravel.Individualsarealsobeingmoreconsciousoftheirtravelchoicesandaretryingtoreducetheircarbonfootprint.16.A.modernB.traditionalC.advancedD.high-tech答案：B。根据后面“suchaswalkingandridinghorses”可知是传统的交通方式，所以选B。“modern”“advanced”“high-tech”都表示现代、先进的，不符合过去的情况。17.A.discoveryB.inventionC.improvementD.application答案：B。“steamengine”是发明出来的，“invention”意为“发明”，所以选B。“discovery”是“发现”；“improvement”是“改进”；“application”是“应用”。18.A.allowedB.forcedC.preventedD.discouraged答案：A。“allowsb.todosth.”表示“允许某人做某事”，火车和轮船发明后允许人们更快地长距离旅行，所以选A。“forced”是“强迫”；“prevented”是“阻止”；“discouraged”是“使气馁”。19.A.damagedB.restrictedC.revolutionizedD.limited答案：C。汽车和飞机的发明使交通进一步发生了革命性的变化，“revolutionize”意为“使革命化，彻底改变”，所以选C。“damaged”是“损坏”；“restricted”是“限制”；“limited”是“限制”。20.A.freedomB.pressureC.responsibilityD.danger答案：A。汽车让人们在旅行方面有更多的自由，“freedom”意为“自由”，所以选A。“pressure”是“压力”；“responsibility”是“责任”；“danger”是“危险”。21.A.advantagesB.benefitsC.problemsD.opportunities答案：C。根据后面提到的环境污染和交通拥堵等可知是带来了问题，“problems”符合，所以选C。“advantages”“benefits”“opportunities”都表示积极的方面。22.A.absorbB.releaseC.consumeD.recycle答案：B。汽车和飞机释放大量温室气体，“release”意为“释放”，所以选B。“absorb”是“吸收”；“consume”是“消耗”；“recycle”是“回收利用”。23.A.increasingB.decreasingC.stableD.fixed答案：A。道路上汽车数量不断增加导致交通堵塞，“increasing”意为“不断增加的”，所以选A。“decreasing”是“减少的”；“stable”是“稳定的”；“fixed”是“固定的”。24.A.causeB.solveC.ignoreD.create答案：B。为了解决这些问题，人们采取措施，“solve”意为“解决”，所以选B。“cause”是“导致”；“ignore”是“忽视”；“create”是“创造”。25.A.privateB.individualC.publicD.expensive答案：C。政府投资公共交通是为了鼓励人们使用公共出行方式，“public”意为“公共的”，所以选C。“private”是“私人的”；“individual”是“个人的”；“expensive”是“昂贵的”。笔译实务部分汉译英（每题10分，共3题）1.中国的经济在过去几十年里取得了显著的发展。如今，中国已经成为世界第二大经济体，在全球经济中扮演着重要的角色。中国积极推动“一带一路”倡议，加强与沿线国家的经济合作，促进了区域经济的共同发展。译文：China'seconomyhasachievedremarkabledevelopmentinthepastfewdecades.Nowadays,Chinahasbecometheworld'ssecond-largesteconomyandplaysanimportantroleintheglobaleconomy.ChinaactivelypromotestheBeltandRoadInitiative,strengthenseconomiccooperationwithcountriesalongtheroutes,andpromotesthecommondevelopmentoftheregionaleconomy.2.文化交流对于增进不同国家和民族之间的相互理解和友谊至关重要。通过文化交流，人们可以了解其他国家的历史、传统和价值观，从而拓宽自己的视野。许多国家都举办各种文化活动，邀请外国艺术家和学者参与，以促进文化的交流与融合。译文：Culturalexchangeiscrucialforenhancingmutualunderstandingandfriendshipbetweendifferentcountriesandethnicgroups.Throughculturalexchange,peoplecanlearnaboutthehistory,traditions,andvaluesofothercountries,thusbroadeningtheirhorizons.Manycountriesholdvariousculturalactivitiesandinviteforeignartistsandscholarstoparticipateinordertopromoteculturalexchangeandintegration.3.科技创新正在改变我们的生活方式。互联网、智能手机和人工智能等技术的发展让我们的生活变得更加便捷和高效。我们可以通过网络购物、学习、工作和娱乐。同时，科技创新也为解决全球性问题，如环境污染和能源短缺，提供了新的途径和方法。译文：Technologicalinnovationischangingourwayoflife.Thedeve