2024北京房山区高二（下）期中英语试题及答案

试题PAGE1试题2024北京房山高二（下）期中英语本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwaseight,Iwantedatoyandneeded$10tobuyit.But,asusual,Iwasbroke.Idecidedtoaskmy11-year-oldsister,Kathleen,foraloan.Sheagreedto___1___methemoney,butadded,“Iwillchargeyou10percentcompoundinteresteverymonthuntilyoupaymeback.”“Compoundinterest—what’sthat?”Iasked.“Well,interestisthe___2___moneyborrowershavetopaybackonaloan,”sheexplained.“Compoundinterestmeansthattheinterestpaymentsgetbiggerandbiggerthelongeryoutaketopaybacktheloan.”“Sure.Igetit,”Isaid.Thoughtruthfully,Iwasgetting___3___.Kathleenlentmethemoney,andI___4___thetoy.Mybirthdaycameamonthlater,andmymomgaveme$10.ThatwasjusttheamountIneededtobuyanothertoy.I___5___payingmysisterforamonth.Afteranothermonth,Iforgotabouttheloan.Severalmonthslater,onChristmasmorning,mysisterandIeachfounda$20billinourstockings.IwasjustputtingitintomypocketwhenKathleenstoppedme.“Sorry,that’smine.I’m___6___onyourdebt.”“Huh?”ThenIrememberedtheloan.“Hey!Howcanitbethatmuch?Ionlyborrowed$10.“True,”shesaid,“but___7___hasbeencompoundingforeightmonths.Nowyouoweme$21.43.”Irefusedto___8___thata$10loancouldmorethandoublesoquickly.Muchtomy___9___,mysistergotherpencilandtabletandshowedmeexactlyhowitalladdedup.Thistime,Igotthebasicideaofcompoundinterest.I_____10_____thehardwaythatborrowingmoneycanbe“doubletrouble”innotime.Mysistersuccessfullytaughtmehowtouseandmanagemymoney.1.A.hand B.lend C.give D.pay2.A.limited B.exact C.extra D.same3.A.satisfied B.confused C.frightened D.encouraged4.A.sold B.made C.fixed D.bought5.A.putoff B.tookup C.endedup D.startedoff6.A.relying B.focusing C.carrying D.collecting7.A.interest B.cost C.tax D.salary8.A.announce B.promise C.prove D.believe9.A.annoyance B.regret C.relief D.delight10.A.questioned B.explained C.learned D.explored第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheLittlePrince____11____(tell)ustheimportanceoflookingbeneaththesurfaceofthingstouncovertheirrealmeanings.Ilikeitbecauseitissimple,andyetitreallymademethinkalot____12____lifeanddeath,loveandresponsibility,friendshipandloneliness.Oneofthemostmemorablecharactersinthebookisarose,____13____thelittleprincefellinlovewith.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenIhurriedtothestore,Isawthatthebookswerealreadybeingpackedinto____14____(box).IhadalongchatwithCasey,thestore’selderlyowner.Sighing____15____(deep),hetoldmehowitwasbecomingdifficulttorunanindependentbookstore.Moreandmorecustomers____16____(attract)bychainstoresandonlinediscounts.Itriedtothinkofsomewordsofsympathy,____17____IhadtoadmitthattheRainbowBookstorecouldn’tstayinbusinessmuchlonger.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。It’satragicstorythat____18____(begin)in1810whenhumansarrivedonMacquarieIsland.Intheirshipstheyunknowinglybroughtratsandmice.Thesesmallanimalsquicklytookovertheisland,____19____(eat)thebirds’eggsandattackingbabybirds.Catswerebroughttotheisland____20____(control)theratsandmice.Unfortunately,thecatssubsequentlydevelopedanappetiteforthebirds,too.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyou’reanEnglishlearneroranEnglishspeakerlookingtowidenyourvocabulary,agooddictionaryappisamust.Merriam-WebsterMerriam-Websterisawell-knownandhighlytrusteddictionary.Theappprovidesqualitydefinitions,audiopronunciationsandusageexamples.Itevenletsyousearchforwordsbyspeakingthem!Thisfeatureisperfectwhenyouhearawordyoudon’tunderstandbutaren’tsurehowit’swritten.OxfordDictionaryofEnglishTheOxfordDictionaryofEnglishappisacomprehensiveandreliableresourceforEnglishlanguagereference.Theappprovidesclearandconcisedefinitions,alongwithaudiopronunciationsandexamplesentences.Youcanalsoaccesssynonyms,antonymsandwordorigins.Additionally,theappoffersofflinefunctionality,allowingyoutoaccessthedictionaryevenwithoutaninternetconnection.VTheVdictionaryappisexcellentforEnglishlearnersbecauseithasveryeasy-to-understanddefinitions.Thesitesaysit’s“asifyourfavoriteteacherwereexplainingittoyou.”Eachdefinitionhasexplanationsofwhatthewordmeansandalsowhenandhowyouwoulduseit.Iteventurnslearningintoagamebylettingyouearnpoints!FluentUFluentUtakesreal-worldvideosandturnsthemintopersonalizedlanguagelearninglessons.ItusesanaturalapproachthathelpsyoueaseintotheEnglishlanguageandcultureovertime.You’lllearnEnglishasit’sspokeninreallife.ThebestpartisthatFluentUkeepstrackofthevocabularythatyou’relearningandgivesyouextrapracticewithdifficultwords.Itevenremindsyouwhenit’stimetoreview!21.Merriam-WebsterappcanhelpEnglishlearners________.A.findrightwordstospeakperfectEnglishB.searchforawordevenwithoutaninternetconnectionC.learndifficultwordsbypracticingmoreandreviewingD.lookforawordwhentheyareunsureaboutitsspelling22.WhichdictionaryappprovesEnglishlearnerswithsimpledefinitionsandinterestinglearning?A.Merriam-Webster. B.OxfordDictionaryofEnglish.C.V. D.FluentU.23.What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Torecommendusefuldictionaryapps.B.TogivesuggestionsonEnglishlearning.C.Toofferadviceonhowtouseadictionaryapp.D.TointroducethesourcesofEnglishvocabulary.BWhenIwaslittle,mydadwouldletmesitbesidehimotheporchwhilehepainted.Hewouldtellmehowthecowbyitselfisjustacow,andthemeadowbyitselfisjustgrassandflowers,andthesunpeekingthroughthetreesisjustabeamoflight,butputthemalltogetherandyou’vegotmagic.Iunderstoodwhathewassaying,butIneverfeltwhathewassayinguntilonedaywhenIwasupinthesycamoretreetorescueakitestuckinthebranches.Itwasalongwayup,butIthoughtI’dgiveitashot.Istartedclimbing.ThenIlookeddown.AndsuddenlyIgotdizzyandweak.Iwasmilesofftheground!Butthekitewasstillbeyondmyreach.IcaughtmybreathandforcedmyselftoconcentrateonthekiteasIclimbedup.WhenIhadthekitefree,Ineededaminutetorest.That’swhenthefearofbeingupsohighbegantolift,andinitsplacecamethemostamazingfeelingthatIwasflying.Justsoaringabovetheearth,sailingamongtheclouds.ThenIgottonoticehowwonderfulthebreezesmelled.Itseemedlikesunshineandwildgrassandrain!Icouldn’tstopbreathingitin,fillingmylungsagainandagainwiththesweetestsmellI’deverknown.Inevergotovertheview.Ikeptthinkingofwhatitfeltliketobeupsohighinthattree.Iwantedtoseeit,tofeelit,again.Andagain.Itwasn’tlongbeforeIwasn’tafraidofbeingupsohighandfoundthespotthatbecamemyspot.Icouldsitthereforhours,justlookingoutattheworld.Sunsetswereamazing.Somedaysthey’dbepurpleandpink,somedaysthey’dbeablazingorange,settingfiretocloudsacrossthehorizon.Itwasonadaylikethatwhenmyfather’snotion(观念)movedfrommyheadtomyheart.Theviewfrommysycamorewasmorethanrooftopsandcloudsandwindandcolorscombined.24.Whydidtheauthorclimbupthesycamoretree?A.Topracticeclimbingskills. B.Togetatrappedkite.C.Toprovehercourage. D.Toplayinthetree.25.Theauthor’sclimbingexperiencewas________.A.well-plannedandinteresting B.adventurousbutrewardingC.competitiveandimaginative D.unusualbutpainful26.Theauthorlikedbeinguphighinthetreebecause________.A.shecouldenjoymorethangoodviewsB.herfatherencouragedhertodosoC.itcouldhelphertoconcentrateD.thetreehadthesweetestsmell27.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Thewholeisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts.B.Beautifulthingsdon’taskforattention.C.Positiveactionleadstohappiness.D.Practicemakesperfect.CMakinguseofthewind,thewateror,formorethanhalfofallplantspecies,animals,plantsdisperse(散播)seedsfarandwide.Frugivores—animalssuchasgibbonsthatfeedonthefleshyfruitsofplants—eatandthenexcrete(排泄)seedsawayfromtheoriginaltree.TheAfricansavannaelephantcancarryseedsuptoarecord-breakingdistanceof65kilometres.Thisabilitytoshiftgeographicalrangeswillbecrucialtoplantswhenitcomestosurvivingclimatechange.However,justlikeallgibbonspecies,theAfricansavannaelephantisendangered,itspopulationdownby60percentoverthepast50years.ResearchersinDenmarkandtheUSAhavepublishedanewstudyintohowthelossofseed-dispersinganimalscouldaffecttheresilience(恢复力)offorestsandothernaturalecosystems.Theyfoundthat,historically,thedeclineofseed-dispersinganimalshashadthegreatestinfluenceonplantsacrossthetemperate(温带的)regionsofNorthandSouthAmerica,EuropeandsouthernAustralia.“Ourtemperateecosystemshavelostalotofthenaturalseed-dispersalfunctionthattheywouldhavehad,”explainsEvanFricke,leadauthorofthestudy,referringtolargemammalsthatwereoncewidespreadintheseregions.Nevertheless,thepoorconservationstatusofmanyseed-dispersingtropicalanimalsputsplantsinregionssuchasSoutheastAsiaandMadagascarmostatrisktoday.Withoutthepreservationofsuchanimals,globalseeddispersalcoulddeclinebyafurther15percent.“Thedirectimplicationofthisdeclineisthatmanyplantspecieswillbeunabletokeeppacewithachangingclimate,”saysFricke.“Thatmeansthepotentiallossnotonlyofplantbiodiversitybutoftheecosystemfunctionsthatthoseplantsprovide.”Aswildlifeislost,plantscannolongeradaptandsurviveandforestsbecomelesssustainable,whichreducestheamountofcarbontheycanstore.Theyalsolosetheirabilitytosupportwildlife.Wholeecosystemsaredisrupted.Theconclusion,Frickesays,isclear:wemustconservecurrentlyendangeredspeciesandrestorethepopulationsofimportantseeddispersers.“Independentofclimatechange,rewildinghasthepotentialtobenefitourecosystems,butinachangingclimate,ithastheaddedbenefitofincreasingtheclimateresilienceofthoseecosystems,”hesays.28.TheauthormentionstheAfricansavannaelephantinParagraph1to________.A.provideasolution B.predicttheendingC.expressanopinion D.highlighttheproblem29.Asforseed-dispersinganimals,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Theyarevitalandendangered.B.Theyarebeingwellconserved.C.Theyareunrelatedtowholeecosystems.D.Theyarewidespreadacrossthetemperateregions.30.WhatdoesFrickeconcludefromthestudy?A.Seed-dispersinganimalsplayanimportantroleinpreventingclimatechange.B.Thelossofseed-dispersinganimalshashardlyaffectedtemperateregions.C.Rewildingcanpromotetheclimateresilienceofourecosystems.D.Plantsdisperseseedsbywayofanimalsexcretingthem.DApersoncouldbeforgivenforbelieving20yearsagothattheInternetwouldsoonrevolutioniseacademicpublishing,becauseitbecamepossibleforpublisherstospreadscholarlyworkattheclickofabutton—muchcheaperthanthetraditionalsubscription-based(订阅)model.Recognisingtheopportunity,manyscholarsandlibrariansstartedtoadvocateanew,openaccessmodel,inwhicharticlesaremadefreelyavailableonlinetoanyone.Theresultwouldbeatrueonlinepubliclibraryofscience.However,morethantwodecadeslater,themovementhasmadelittleprogress,andthetraditionalsubscription-basedmodelremainsentrenched.Fortunately,thingsarechanging.AbigshoedroppedwhentheUniversityofCalifornia(UC)Libraries,onofthebiggestlibrarysystems,declinedtorenewitscontractwithElsevier,aleadingscientificpublisher.Elsevierwantedthelibrariestopaytwofees:oneforitspackageoflicensedjournalsandtheotherfortheuseofElsevier’sopenaccessmodel.UCLibrarieswantedthelicensedjournalsfeetocovertheopenaccessfee;theyalsowantedopenaccesstoallUCresearchespublishedinElsevierjournals.Whenthetwosidescouldn’tcometoterms,thelibrarieswalkedaway.Actually,theopenaccessrevolutionismorelikelytobeledbyresearchfundingagencies,whocanusetheirpursepowertopromoteopenaccess.Ateamoffunders,CoalitionS,insistedthatanyresearchtheyfundshouldbepublishedinajournalthatmakesallofitsarticlesfreelyandimmediatelyavailabletothepublic,whichiscalledPlanS.Nowthatsomelibrariansandfundersareflexingtheirmuscles,whatshouldacademicsdo?TheworstresponsewouldbetocomplainthatPlanSdeprives(剥夺)themofacademicfreedom.Somethoughtfulacademicsmightworrythatashifttoopenaccesswouldaffecttheirpromotion.Afterall,subscriptionjournalsaremorefamiliarandmoreprestigious(有威望的)inthecurrentsystem.However,ifenoughacademicssupportopenaccess,thesystemcouldreachatippingpointbeyondwhichsubscriptionsnolongersignalprestige.Reachingthatpointwouldtakeconsiderabletimeandefforts,butitispossible.Whenthejournalsystemstartedin1665,itwaskindofaformofopenaccess.Journalsallowedacademicstolearnopenlyfromoneanother.Itwasonlyinthe1900sthatthejournalsystembecamethoroughlycommoditized(商品化).Nowisthetimetobringitbacktoitsroots.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“entrenched”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Unpopular. B.Unfixed. C.Unchanged. D.Unknown.32.WhatisthemaincauseofthefailednegotiationbetweenUCLibrariesandElsevier?A.Thenumberofpublishedresearches.B.Thechargeforopenaccessmodel.C.Thedurationofthecontract.D.Thewayofpayment.33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Academicsthinkopenaccessmodelwillhelpthemgetpromoted.B.Publishersarewillingtoabandonthesubscriptionmodelgradually.C.Establishingatrueonlinepubliclibraryofsciencerequiresjointefforts.D.Openaccessmodelwillsoontaketheplaceofsubscription-basedmodel.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheopenaccessmodel?A.Disapproving. B.Indifferent. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Emojisareeverywhere.Theyoffereffectiveandfunwaystointeractwithothers.Usedwell,theycanbecomeanengagingandcreativeadditiontocommunication.____35____Onewell-chosenemojicanreplacemanywordsoftext.____36____Orathumbs-upemojimightsaveyoufromwritingoutyouragreementtosomethinginfull.____37____Andwhenyoucan’thearsomeone’stoneofvoiceorreadtheirbodylanguage,animagecanbeparticularlyhelpfulforunderstandingtheirmeaning.Emojisareclear,colorful,anddesignedtoconveyasinglemessagememorably—whichhasbeenshowntoincreaseinterestandengagement.Theystandoutamongtext,especiallywhentherecipientisworkingquicklyoronthemove.Manyemojismeanthesamethingtoeveryone,everywhere.____38____Forexample,asmilingfaceemojiwillletanyoneknowthatyou’rehappy,whateverlanguageyouspeak!Emojiscanhelpyoutoshowyourhumanside,makingyouseemfriendlierandmoreapproachable.What’smore,thebrainreactstoimagesoffaces,andtorealfaces,inaverysimilarway.Alongsideallthepotentialbenefitsofemojisthatwe’velistedabove,therearealsodangersyou’llneedtoguardagainst.____39____Forexample,ared-facedcharactercouldbeangry,orembarrassed.Likeanylanguage,youneedto“speakEmoji”withcare.Ifnot,youruntheriskofcreatingconfusion,conveyingthewrongimpression,orevencausingseriousoffense.A.Herearesomeofthereasonswhyemojisaresopopular.B.Manyemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.C.Anemojiisofteneasierandquickertounderstandthanawrittenexplanation.D.Sotheycanbreakthroughlanguagebarriers,andpromoteeasycommunication.E.Forexample,youcouldselectanemojiofahousetosetyourstatusas“workingfromhome.”F.Apoorlychosenemojicancauseproblems,becausesomeoftheimagesarenotuniversallyunderstood.G.Forexample,thecrossedfingersemojimeansgoodluckinsomeplaces,butit’sseenasanimpolitesigninothers.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Skyscrapers(摩天大楼)aretheultimatesymbolofurbanlife.By2050,almost80percentoftheearth’spopulationcouldliveincities.Thehumanpopulationcouldincreaseto9.1billionpeopleyettheamountoflandavailableforfarmingwillbethesame.Howtomeettheincreasingfoodneedsofourplanetcouldbeabigproblem.Verticalfarms,whereurbanfarmerscouldgrowcropsinenvironmentallyfriendlyskyscrapers,couldbethesolution.Inspiteofconcernsoverhighcosts,expertswanttomaketheseurbanfarmsarealityandusetheseskyscraperstogrowcrops.Theybelievethatwecanincreasefoodproductionbychangingourthinkingfromouttoup.Verticalfarmswouldhavemanyadvantages,expertssay.Thefoodwouldbegrownwithminimaleffectsontheenvironment.Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingwouldnotforceanimalsoutoftheirhabitatsbytakingoverlargeareasofland,norwoulditpollutetheairwiththeuseofheavyfarmingequipment.Thosefarmswouldalsoreducethecostandnegativeeffectsoftransportingfoodoverlongdistances.Thesehavebeenwellrecognized.Growingprosperityhasledtomanypeopledemandingthatallfoodsareavailableallyearround.Indoorfarmingcouldproducecropsconstantlyandcropswouldnotsufferfromweather-relatedproblemslikedroughtorflooding.Inaddition,theuseofagriculturalchemicalsforcontrollinginsectswouldbeminimal.Expertsagreethatnewfarmingpracticesareneededtosupporttheplanet’sneedformoreandmorefoodataffordablecosts,bothtothefarmerandtotheconsumer.Verticalfarmsmaybeasmall-scaleanswer,butthebestideascouldbeyettocome.40.Accordingtothispassage,whatcouldbeabigproblem?_______________________________________________________________41.Whatwouldbetheadvantagesofverticalfarming?_______________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Verticalfarmscouldmeetpeople’sdemandforavailablefoodallyearround,becauseitcouldproducecropsconstantlyandcropswouldnotbeaffectedbyanyproblems._______________________________________________________________43.Inadditiontoverticalfarms,whatelsedoyouthinkcanhelpsolvethefoodshortage?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim遇到了时间管理方面的问题，特发来邮件向你求助，请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.表示安慰；2.给出建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.D5.A6.D7.A8.D9.A10.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者八岁时一次借钱的经历。本来作者只借了姐姐10美元，可是最终作者的债务累加到了21.43美元。经过这次经历，作者明白了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她同意借钱给我，但补充道：“我会每月向你收取10%的复利，直到你还我为止。”A.hand上交；B.lend借出；C.give给予；D.pay支付。根据“Idecidedtoaskmy11-year-oldsister,Kathleen,foraloan.”可知，作者是向姐姐借钱。故选B。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“嗯，利息是借款人必须偿还贷款的额外资金，”她解释道。A.limited限的；B.exact精确的；C.extra额外的；D.same相同的。根据“Compoundinterestmeansthattheinterestpaymentsgetbiggerandbiggerthelongeryoutaketopaybacktheloan.”可知，利息是借钱人在归还贷款时额外付的钱。故选C。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管说实话，我还是感到困惑。A.satisfied满意的；B.confused困惑的；C.frightened害怕的；D.encouraged鼓励的。根据下文““Huh?”ThenIrememberedtheloan.“Hey!Howcanitbethatmuch?Ionlyborrowed$10.”可知，作者不是很明白，所以感到困惑。故选B。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯萨琳借钱给我，我买了玩具。A.sold售出；B.made制造；C.fixed固定；D.bought买。根据上文“WhenIwaseight,Iwantedatoyandneeded$10tobuyit.”可知，作者借钱买了玩具。故选D。【5题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我推迟了一个月给姐姐还钱。又过了一个月，我忘记了借钱的事。A.putoff推迟；B.tookup拿起；C.endedup结束；D.startedoff启动。根据“Mybirthdaycameamonthlater,andmymomgaveme$10.ThatwasjusttheamountIneededtobuyanothertoy.”可知，作者得到的钱又要买另外一个玩具，所以推迟了还钱。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对不起，那是我的。我在收你的债。A.relying依赖；B.focusing聚焦；C.carrying搬运；D.collecting收集。根据“Iwillchargeyou10percentcompoundinteresteverymonthuntilyoupaymeback.”可知，姐姐向作者收债。故选D。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但利息已经复利八个月了。现在你欠我21.43美元。A.interest利息；B.cost成本；C.tax税收；D.salary工资。根据“Iwillchargeyou10percentcompoundinteresteverymonthuntilyoupaymeback.”可知，除了收债，还有利息。故选A【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不相信一笔10美元的贷款能这么快翻倍。A.announce宣布；B.promise承诺；C.prove证明；D.believe相信。根据“Thistime,Igotthebasicideaofcompoundinterest.”和“thata$10loancouldmorethandoublesoquickly.”可知，作者无法相信10美元的贷款会有那么多的利息。故选D。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我非常恼火的是，我姐姐拿着她的铅笔和平板，向我展示了利息是如何叠加的。A.annoyance烦恼；B.regret遗憾；C.relief宽慰；D.delight喜悦。根据“mysistergotherpencilandtabletandshowedmeexactlyhowitalladdedup.”可知，姐姐向作者展示，让作者更恼火。故选A。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我了解到借钱很快就会成为“双重麻烦”。A.questioned质疑；B.explained解释；C.learned了解，学习；D.explored探索。根据“Mysistersuccessfullytaughtmehowtouseandmanagemymoney.”可知，作者从这次经历了解到借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.tells12.about13.which【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《小王子》告诉我们一些道理，令人印象深刻。【11题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：《小王子》告诉我们透过事物的表面去发现其真正意义的重要性。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是TheLittlePrince，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填tells。【12题详解】考查介词。句意：我喜欢它，因为它很简单，但它确实让我思考了很多关于生与死、爱与责任、友谊与孤独的问题。thinkabout“思考，考虑”。故填about。【13题详解】考查定语从句。句意：书中最令人难忘的人物之一是一朵玫瑰花，小王子爱上了它。句中先行词为rose，在非限定性定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。【答案】14.boxes15.deeply16.wereattracted17.but【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去书店看到其面临困境及与店主交谈。【14题详解】考查名词的数。句意：当我匆忙赶到书店时，我看到书已经被装进箱子里了。名词box为可数名词，前面无冠词，此处表示泛指，所以用复数形式。故填boxes。【15题详解】考查副词。句意：他深深地叹了口气，告诉我经营一家独立书店变得多么困难。修饰动词，用副词形式deeply，表示“深深地”。故填deeply。【16题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：越来越多的顾客被连锁店和网上折扣所吸引。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语Moreandmorecustomers为复数形式，与attract之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用were。故填wereattracted。【17题详解】考查连词。句意：我试图想些同情的话，但我不得不承认，彩虹书店不能再经营下去了。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。【答案】18.begins19.eating20.tocontrol【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类进入麦夸里岛后给该岛屿的生态带来的一系列连锁反应。【18题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是一个悲剧故事，始于1810年人类抵达麦夸里岛时。that引导定语从句，后面缺少谓语动词，根据is可知，空处需填一般现在时。that指代单数名词story，谓语也用单数，故填begins。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些小动物很快占领了岛屿，吃掉了鸟蛋并攻击小鸟宝宝。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“tookover”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“Thesesmallanimals”和“eat”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填eating。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：猫被带到岛上来控制老鼠和小鼠。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“werebrought”，故空处需填非谓语动词，表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故填tocontrol。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）【答案】21.D22.C23.A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种不同的英语词典或学习应用，分别阐述了它们的特点、功能和优势。旨在为读者提供关于这些英语学习工具的信息，以便他们根据自己的需求选择合适的工具。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Merriam-Webster中的“Theappprovidesqualitydefinitions,audiopronunciationsandusageexamples.Itevenletsyousearchforwordsbyspeakingthem!Thisfeatureisperfectwhenyouhearawordyoudon’tunderstandbutaren’tsurehowit’swritten.(该应用程序提供了高质量的定义、音频发音和用法示例。它甚至可以让你通过说话来搜索单词！当你听到一个不理解但又不确定它是怎么写的单词时，这个功能是完美的。)”可知，Merriam-Webster应用允许用户通过说出单词来搜索单词，这在不确定单词的拼写时非常有用。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章V中的“TheVdictionaryappisexcellentforEnglishlearnersbecauseithasveryeasy-to-understanddefinitions.Thesitesaysit’s“asifyourfavoriteteacherwereexplainingittoyou.”Eachdefinitionhasexplanationsofwhatthewordmeansandalsowhenandhowyouwoulduseit.Iteventurnslearningintoagamebylettingyouearnpoints!(V词典应用程序非常适合英语学习者，因为它有非常容易理解的定义。该网站称，“就像你最喜欢的老师在给你解释一样。”每个定义都解释了这个词的意思，以及何时以及如何使用它。它甚至把学习变成了一种游戏，让你获得积分！)”可知，V词典应用为英语学习者提供了简单易懂的定义，并且将学习过程变得有趣。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ifyou’reanEnglishlearneroranEnglishspeakerlookingtowidenyourvocabulary,agooddictionaryappisamust.(如果你是一个英语学习者或一个想要扩大词汇量的英语使用者，一个好的字典应用程序是必须的。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了四种不同的英语词典或学习应用，包括它们的特点、功能和优势，旨在为读者推荐这些有用的词典应用，以便他们根据自己的需求选择合适的工具来辅助英语学习。故选A。【答案】24.B25.B26.A27.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述作者小时候和父亲一起在门廊上画画、后来爬到梧桐树上去救卡在树枝上的风筝以及经常坐在梧桐树上欣赏美景的经历，表达了对生活中美好事物的感受和体验。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Iunderstoodwhathewassaying,butIneverfeltwhathewassayinguntilonedaywhenIwasupinthesycamoretreetorescueakitestuckinthebranches.(我明白他在说什么，但我从来没有感觉到他在说什么，直到有一天我爬到梧桐树上去救一只卡在树枝上的风筝。)”可知，作者爬树的原因是为了取回卡在树枝上的风筝。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Istartedclimbing.ThenIlookeddown.AndsuddenlyIgotdizzyandweak.(我开始往上爬。然后我往下看。突然间，我感到头晕和虚弱。)”以及第三段“That’swhenthefearofbeingupsohighbegantolift,andinitsplacecamethemostamazingfeelingthatIwasflying.(就在这时，对飞得这么高的恐惧开始消失，取而代之的是一种最奇妙的感觉，那就是我在飞翔。)”可知，这一过程充满了冒险性，因为树很高，作者感到害怕和眩晕。但随后，当作者成功救下风筝并开始享受在高处的风景时，她体验到了非常美妙的感受，仿佛自己在飞翔。因此，这次经历虽然冒险，但给予了作者很大的回报和满足感。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Inevergotovertheview.Ikeptthinkingofwhatitfeltliketobeupsohighinthattree.Iwantedtoseeit,tofeelit,again.Andagain.(我从来没有欣赏过这里的景色。我一直在想站在那么高的树上是什么感觉。我想再次看到它，感受它。一次又一次。)”和第六段“Itwasn’tlongbeforeIwasn’tafraidofbeingupsohighandfoundthespotthatbecamemyspot.Icouldsitthereforhours,justlookingoutattheworld.Sunsetswereamazing.Somedaysthey’dbepurpleandpink,somedaysthey’dbeablazingorange,settingfiretocloudsacrossthehorizon.(没过多久，我就不再害怕站在这么高的地方，找到了属于我的位置。我可以在那里坐上几个小时，看着外面的世界。日落是惊人的。有时它们是紫色和粉红色的，有时它们是耀眼的橙色，点燃了地平线上的云。)”可知，当作者坐在高处时，不仅可以看到美丽的景色，还可以闻到微风的清新味道，感受到飞翔的感觉。作者描述了自己对高处的热爱，并且希望能够再次体验那种感觉。因此，作者喜欢在高处是因为她可以享受到的不仅仅是美丽的景色，还有其他的感官体验。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hewouldtellmehowthecowbyitselfisjustacow,andthemeadowbyitselfisjustgrassandflowers,andthesunpeekingthroughthetreesisjustabeamoflight,butputthemalltogetherandyou’vegotmagic.(他会告诉我，奶牛本身就是一头牛，草地本身就是草和花，从树丛中透出的阳光只是一束光，但把它们放在一起，你就有了魔力。)”以及全文内容可知，作者的父亲通过描述牛、草地和阳光等单个元素与它们组合在一起形成的美丽画面，传达了一个观念，即整体大于部分之和。作者通过自己爬树救风筝并欣赏