浙京津鲁琼专版2025版高考英语大二轮复习专题二阅读理解第四节主旨大意题一标题归纳题学案新人教版

PAGEPAGE1一、标题归纳题(2024·11月浙江，C)Istarteverysummerwiththebestofintentions：toattackonebigbookfromthepast，aclassicthatIwassupposedtohavereadwhenyoungandambitious.Oftenthepairingsofbooksandsettingshavebeenpurelyaccidental：MobyDickonathree­daycross­countrytraintrip；TheMagicMountaininaNewEnglandbeachsidecottagewithnolocksonthedoors，notelephonesortelevisionsintherooms，andlittletodobeyondrowonthesaltpond.AttemptingTheManWithoutQualitiesonareturntoHawaii，mynativestate，however，waslessfruitful:Imadeitthroughoneandaquartervolumes(册)，thendecidedthatI’dgotthepointandwentswimminginstead.ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.I’mnotquiteinterestedinBalzac，say，orTristramShandy.There’salwaysWarandPeace，whichI’vecoveredsomedistanceseveraltimes，onlytogetboggeddowninthe“War”part，setitasideforawhile，andrealizethatIhavetostartoverfromthebeginningagain，havingforgotteneveryone’snameandsocialrank.Howappealingtosimplyfallbackonafavorite—oncemoreintoTheWavesorJustine，whichfeelsalmostlikecheating，tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature.Andthenthere’sStendhal’sTheRedandtheBlack，whichhappenstobethenameofmyfavoritecocktail(鸡尾酒)ofthesummer，createdbyMichaelCecconiatSavoyandBackForty.Itiseasytodrink，andknockingbackthreeorfourseemslikesuchadelightfulidea.Cecconi’stheory:“Itakewhatever’sfreshatthegreenmarketandturnitintoliquid.”Theresultisapureshotofafternooninthepark，makingonefeelcheerfulandpeacefulallatonce，lyingonuncutgrasswitheyesshut，sunbeatingthroughthelids...eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。作者喜爱暑期旅游读书，并和我们共享了自己读书的体会。)27．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A．HehasacottageinNewEngland.B．Heshowstalentsforliterature.C．Heenjoysreadingwhentraveling.D．Headmiresalotofgreatwriters.答案C解析推理推断题。依据第一段中“MobyDickonathree­daycross­countrytraintrip；TheMagicMountaininaNewEnglandbeachsidecottage...TheManWithoutQualitiesonareturntoHawaii”等内容可知，作者在旅行中喜爱阅读。故选C。28．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getboggeddown”inParagraph2mean?A．Getconfused.B．Becarriedaway.C．Beinterrupted.D．Makenoprogress.答案D解析词义揣测题。依据文中的“I’vecoveredsomedistanceseveraltimes”和“setitasideforawhile”及读后的结果“havingforgotteneveryone’snameandsocialrank”可知，作者在读“斗争”部分时几次合上书，把书放一边。句中画线的“getboggeddown”指的是“陷入逆境，停滞不前，没有进展”。与makenoprogress同义。故选D。29．Whydoestheauthorsayreadinghisfavoritebooksfeelslikecheating?A．Hefinishesthemquickly.B．Heshouldreadsomethingserious.C．Hebarelyunderstandsthem.D．Hehasreadthemmanytimesbefore.答案B解析推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Howappealingtosimplyfallbackonafavorite—oncemoreintoTheWavesorJustine，whichfeelsalmostlikecheating，tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature.”可知，作者再次读到自己最喜爱的书时，感到特别刺激和兴奋。同时感觉自己兴奋的心情与肃穆的作品不适合，所以这时候会有欺瞒的感觉，认为自己应当读一些肃穆的东西。故选B。30．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheBooksofSummerB．MySummerHolidaysC．ToReadorNottoReadD．It’sNeverTooLatetoRead答案A解析标题归纳题。文章第一段开头作者就谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜爱读名著。其次段中的“ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.”谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段的“myfavoritecocktail(鸡尾酒)ofthesummer”把读书和鸡尾酒联系起来，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，TheBooksofSummer适合作为标题，故选A。一、题型解读记叙文、说明文和争论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。设问形式常有：(1)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?(2)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage/text?(3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?(4)Themostsuitabletitleofthispassageis“”．一个好的标题应具备三大特点：概括——精确而又简短；针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；醒目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。二、解题技巧1．“高度概括”定标题(1)所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的留意，标题往往比较醒目。(2)一般文章的标题可依据主题句来推断，但在某些文章中，如记叙文，没有明确的主题句，须要依据文中的事实细微环节，查找文章的“主线”，归纳出文章的主题。2．文章标题三特点(1)形式一般为单词、短语或句子，短语居多；(2)短小精悍，精确性强；(3)涵盖性强，能覆盖全文大意。例如：【真题感悟】中第30题。文章第一段开头作者就谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜爱读名著。其次段中的“ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.”谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段的“myfavoritecocktail(鸡尾酒)ofthesummer”把读书和鸡尾酒联系起来，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，TheBooksofSummer适合作为标题，故选A。A(2024·湖南长沙雅礼中学一模)Laughterispartofthe1universalhumanvocabulary.Allmembersofthehumanspeciesunderstandit.UnlikeEnglishorFrenchorSwahili，wedon’thavetolearntospeakit.We’rebornwiththecapacitytolaugh.Verylittleisknownaboutthespecificbrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughter.5Contrarytofolkwisdom，mostlaughterisnotabouthumor；itisaboutrelationships.12Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed.Overa10­yearperiod，westudiedover2,000casesofnaturally10occurringlaughter.Wefoundthatmostlaughterdoesnotnecessarilyfollowjokes.Peoplemaylaughafteravarietyofstatements，suchas，“HerecomesMary.”“Howdidyoudoonthetest？”or“Doyouhavearubberband？”Thesecertainlyaren’tjokes.Webelievelaughter6evolvedfromthepanting(喘气的)behaviorofourancientancestors.Today，ifwetickle(使发痒)chimps，theydon’tlaugh.But，instead，theyproduceapantingsound.That’sthesoundofapelaughter，andit’stherootofhumanlaughter.Apeslaughinthekindsofsituationsthatleadtohumanlaughter，likegamesthatinvolvechasing.Otheranimalsproducesoundsduringplay，buttheyaresodifferentfromlaughter.Rats，forexample，producehighsoundsduringplayandwhentickled，buttheseareverydifferentinsoundfromhumanlaughter.Laughterisoftenpositive，butitcanbenegativetoo.There’sadifferencebetween“laughingwith”and“laughingat”．Peoplewholaughatothersmaybetryingtodrivethemoutofthegroup.Noonehasactuallycountedhowmuchpeopleofdifferentageslaugh，butyoungchildrenprobablylaughthemost.Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless.Worknow2underwaywilltellusmoreaboutthebrainmechanismsbehindlaughter，howithasevolved，andwhywe’resosusceptibletotickling.语篇解读本文是一篇争论文。笑容是全世界通用的语言，是世上最暖和的语言。本文探讨了“人类为什么笑”这个话题。1．Whatwasthepurposeofthedecade’sresearch?A．Toprovethatpeoplelaughbecauseofhumor.B．Tofindouttherealreasonforpeople’slaughter.C．Toresearchpeople’sdifferentreactiononjokes.D．Torecordconversationsamongshoppersinmalls.答案B解析细微环节理解题。由题干中的“thedecade’sresearch”可定位至文章其次段最终两句，由该段倒数其次句“Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh...”可知，这十年的探讨是为了弄清晰人类什么时候以及为什么会笑。故B项正确。2．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Peoplewhoplaymoretendtolaughmore.B．Apesproducehighsoundswhentickled.C．Scientistsknowthebrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughterwell.D．Thesituationsinwhichapeslaughareverydifferentfromthoseinwhichhumanslaugh.答案A解析推理推断题。依据文章倒数其次段中的“Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless.”可知，玩得越多的人笑得越多。故A项正确。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Sensitive. B．Flexible.C．Addictive. D．Reliable.答案A解析词义揣测题。联系上下文可知susceptible(易受影响的，敏感的)与sensitive的意思最为接近。故选A。4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheImpactofLaughterB．TheMeaningofLaughterC．ABigMystery：WhyDoWeLaugh?D．Laughter：TheMostBeautifulWord答案C解析标题归纳题。笑容是全世界通用的语言，是世上最暖和的语言，本文探讨了“人类为什么笑”这个话题。故C项为最佳标题。B(2024·河北五个一名校联盟)Mostpeoplewhoownmobilephonesusethemastheiralarmclocks—makingitveryeasytocheckemailsonelasttimebeforefallingasleepandhardtoeverfeelawayfromworkandsocialnetworks.Severalyearsago，mybossfainteddueto7exhaustionafterstayinguplatetocatchuponwork.Shebangedherheadandendedupwithfivestitches(缝针)—andbecamewhatshecallsa“sleepevangelist(传教士)”．Nowsheleaveshermobilephone11charginginanotherroomwhenshegoestobedandencouragesherfriendstodothesame.“IsentallmyfriendsthesameChristmasgift—alovelyalarmclock—sotheycouldstopusingtheexcusethattheyneededtheirveryattractivemobilephonesbytheirbedstowakethemupinthemorning，”shesaid.Ifyourmobilephonewakesyouupinthemorning，itmayalsobekeepingyouupatnight.A2008studyshowedthatpeopleexposedtomobileradiationtooklongertofallasleepandspentlesstimeindeepsleep.“13Thestudy8indicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdaily3wearandtearare9severelyaffected，”thestudyconcluded.Aquarterofyoungpeoplefeelliketheymustbeavailablebymobilephone4aroundtheclock，accordingtoaSwedishstudythatlinkedheavycellphoneusetosleepingproblems，stressanddepression.Unreturnedmessagescarrymoreguiltwhenthetechnologytodealwiththemliesatourfingertips.Someteensevenreturntextmessagesatmidnight.Mostofuschoosenottosetlimitsonournighttimeavailability.Nearlythreequartersofpeoplefromtheageof18to44sleepwiththeirmobilephoneswithinreach，accordingtoa2012Timepoll.Thatnumberfallsoffslightlyinmiddleage，butonlypeopleaged65andolderareleavingthemobilephoneinanotherroomascommonassleepingrightnexttoit.语篇解读本文属于科普类说明文，讲解并描述现在越来越多的人在睡觉的时候把手机放在旁边，这会严峻影响人们的睡眠质量，有些人已经选择把手机放在其他地方来保证自己的睡眠质量。5．Whydidtheauthor’sbossstarttoenjoysleeping?A．Herfriendsencouragedhertosleepontime.B．Mobilephonescouldn’twakeherupontime.C．Herfriendssentheralovelyclocktowakeherup.D．Shegothurtduetoworkingtoolate.答案D解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段前两句可知，作者的老板由于熬夜赶工而力倦神疲晕倒在地，并且头部缝了五针，最终她成为“睡眠传教士”，激励大家多睡觉。因此作者的老板起先享受睡眠是因为受到了损害，故选D。6．Whydidtheauthor’sbossgiveherfriendsalarmclocksasChristmasgifts?A．Alarmclocksdon’tgiveoffanyradiation.B．Alarmclocksarebetteratwakingherfriendsup.C．Sheadvisedthemtoreplacemobilephoneswithalarmclocks.D．Sheusedalarmclockstoremindthemnottoworktoolate.答案C解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段可知，作者的老板送给挚友闹钟是为了不再让他们用把手机当闹钟的借口而影响睡眠，让他们用闹钟来替代手机，故选C。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthe2008study?A．Mobileradiationmakespeopleunabletofallasleep.B．Mobilephonescanrelease884MHzwiredsignals.C．Sleepcanhelppeoplefightagainstradiation.D．Componentsofsleepcanbeseriouslyaffectedbywirelesssignals.答案D解析推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected...”可知，2008年的一份探讨表明，在试验中暴露于884兆赫的无线信号中，修复白天身体损耗很重要的睡眠因子受到严峻影响。由此可知，无线电信号会严峻影响睡眠质量，故选D。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowMobilePhonesAffectSleepB．WhyAlarmClocksAreBetterthanPhonesC．HowWeCanSleepBetteratNightD．HowMobilePhonesAffectHealth答案A解析标题归纳题。依据文章内容可知，本文阐述越来越多的人在睡觉的时候把手机放在旁边，这会严峻影响其睡眠质量，阐述了手机与睡眠的关系，故选A。Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并依据句意揣测画线部分的意思1．Thereisauniversalloveforbasketballinthecountryamongallwalksoflife.普遍的，全体的2．PreparationsforthearrivaloftheseniorrepresentativefromtheUNarealreadyunderway.在进行中的3．Theseproductscanstandwearandtear，whichwilldefinitelybeattractiveinthemarket.磨损4．Somestoresstayopenaroundtheclock，whileothersdobusinessforonlyafewhoursaday.夜以继日地，昼夜不停地(二)同义词语替换5．Contrarytothebeliefthatrockmusicisalwaysangryandnoisy，histrademark(标记性的)styleisquietbutpowerful.opposedto6．Thecompanyhasevolvedovertheyearsintoamulti­milliondollarorganization.developed7．Therearemanysymptomsofdepression.Theyincludelackofsleep，strongfeelingofexhaustion，anddifficultyconcentratingthroughouttheday.tiredness8．Researchindicatesthatover81%ofteachersaredissatisfiedwiththeirsalaries.shows9．Theschoolbuildingswereseverelydamagedintheearthquakeandstudentshadtostudyatalocalcompany，whichchangeditsworkshopintoatemporaryclassroom.seriously(三)一词多义10．occurv．发生；被想起(1)AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.发生(2)Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.被想起11．chargev．&n．主管，负责n．费用v．收费；控告；充电；进攻(1)Whenlionsarehidingforanattackbyawaterhole，theywaitpatientlyandcanchargeatanysecond.v.进攻(2)CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?n．主管，负责(3)Doyouthinkmuseumsshouldchargeforadmission？v.收费(4)Sheischargedwithmurderingherhusband.v．控告(5)Themonthlychargeforthisserviceisonly$29，whichisquitereasonable.n.费用(6)Itbecamearoutineforustochargeourphonefrequentlyeveninaday.v.充电Ⅱ.长难句理解12．Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed.[句式分析]本句为主从复合句。句首的Tofindout是目的状语，句子的主语是I，谓语动词went和recorded由and连接。what引导的是宾语从句。[精致译文]为了弄清晰人们发笑的时间和缘由，我和几个助手去了当地的购物中心，记录了人们发笑之前的事情。13．Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected.[句式分析]本句为复合句。that引导的是宾语从句。从句是主谓结构，主语是componentsofsleep，areseverelyaffected是被动结构；believedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtear是过去分词作定语，这本身是一个句型：sb./sth.besaid/believed/reportedtodo，表示“据说/据认为/据报道”。[精致译文]该探讨表明，在试验室里暴露于884兆赫无线信号时，被认为对日常(身体)损耗的复原很重要的睡眠因子受到严峻影响。强化练(十八)Ⅰ.阅读理解A“Mirrormirroronthewall，who’sthefairestofthemall？”Anoldtaletellsaseeminglyunbelievablestoryofamagicmirror，butnowthemagicisnolongerunachievable.InAugust2024，newswentviral(广为传播的)thatthepolicehadcaughtcriminalsuspectswhoattendedChinesesingerJackyCheung’sconcerts.Howdidthepolicepickoutthesuspectsamongthousandsofscreamingfans？ThehelpinghandisAIfacialrecognitiontechnology.Thelow­keyyetpowerfultoolisnolongerfar­fetched，butenteringtheworldofChina’stopinvestorsandcompanies.Facialrecognitionisatechnologyabletoidentifyapersonfromadigitalimageoraframefromavideosource.TangWenbin，CTOofFace＋＋，anAIcomputervision(视觉)technologycompanyinChina，vividlyexplainedtheworkflow.Accordingtohim，facialrecognitionistheidentificationofourappearance，includingknowingthesex，ageandidentityofaperson.Youmaythinkitislikeabrainoraneuralnetwork.Youusedatatotrainit，andthen，itlearnsthepattern.Facialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeentraditionallyalliedwiththesecuritywork，buttodaythereisactiveexpansionintootherindustriesincludingmobilephones，marketingandfinance.Chinesestart­upshaveseenthepotentialofAIfacialrecognitionforsimplifyingandspeedinguptasksinmultipleindustries.Andthemarketisnowcrowdedandcompetitive.ChinaisstartingtheAIrevolutionandhasmadebreakthroughsinfacialrecognition.“IfapplyingAItodifferentindustriesisamarathon，thecompaniesthereprobablyhavejustgotofftheblocks，”saidTianFeng，directorofAlibabaCloudResearchCenter.Healsothinksthatinthefuture，everybodywillbeabletouseAIasitwillsoonbecomeabasictoolforworkandlife.eq\x(语篇解读本文是科普说明文，讲解并描述了人工智能的面部识别技术在中国的发展和应用现状。)1．WhyisthenewsmentionedinParagraph2?A．Tointroduceanewtoolforcompanies.B．Toshowthemagichasbecomeareality.C．Toproveoldtalesarebasedontruestories.D．Todescribethebackgroundoffacialrecognition.答案B解析推理推断题。第一段引入童话故事里的魔镜，第一段结尾提到“butnowthemagicisnolongerunachievable”，紧接着其次段就以实例证明魔镜的确不再是难以实现的幻想了，因此其次段提到了新闻是为了说明现代技术把童话故事里的“魔镜”变成了现实。2．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“alliedwith”underlinedinParagraph4?A．Dependenton. B．Comparedwith.C．Differentfrom. D．Relatedto.答案D解析词义揣测题。依据画线部分所在句中的“traditionally...securitywork”和后面的转折“buttodaythereisactiveexpansionintootherindustriesincludingmobilephones，marketingandfinance”可知，面部识别始终都与平安方面的工作有关，但是如今这一技术扩展到了其他行业。故画线部分应表示“与……有关联”，故选D。3．WhatdoTianFeng’swordsimply?A．ManycompaniesinChinaareresearchingAI.B．AIplaysakeyroleincompanies’development.C．AItechnologyappliednowisfarfrommature.D．AItechnologywillbeusedinmarathonsoneday.答案C解析推理推断题。依据TianFeng的话“IfapplyingAItodifferentindustriesisamarathon，thecompaniesthereprobablyhavejustgotofftheblocks”可知，假如把将人工智能技术应用到不同行业中比作一场马拉松，那么这些公司可能处于刚起跑的阶段，即人工智能技术现阶段的发展还远远不够成熟。4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheEyeofAIinChinaB．EffectsofAITechnologyC．BreakthroughsofChineseTechnologyD．FacialRecognitioninSecurity答案A解析标题归纳题。结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲了人工智能技术中的面部识别技术在中国的发展和应用。故A项作本文标题最佳。B(2024·四川双流中学一模)Iattendedapartyonenight.Duringthedinneramantoldahumorousstorybasedonthequotation：“There’sadivinitythatshapesourends，rough­hewthemhowwewill.”ThestorytellermentionedthatthequotationwasfromtheBible.Iknewhewaswrong.Therecouldn’tbetheslightestdoubtaboutit.Togetafeelingofimportanceanddisplaymysuperiority，Iappointedmyselfasanunwelcomecommitteemembertocorrecthim.Hestucktohisguns.“What?FromShakespeare?Impossible!Absurd!ThatquotationwasfromtheBible.”Andheknewit.Thestorytellerwassittingonmyright；andFrankGammond，anoldfriendofmine，wasseatedonmyleft.MrGammondhaddevotedyearstothestudyofShakespeare.SothestorytellerandIagreedtosubmitthequestiontoMrGammond.MrGammondlistened，kickedmeunderthetable，andthensaid，“Dale，youarewrong.Thegentlemanisright.ItisfromtheBible.”Onourwayhomethatnight，IsaidtoMrGammond，“Frank，youknewthatquotationwasfromShakespeare.”“Yes，ofcourse，”hereplied，“Hamlet，ActFive，SceneTwo.Butwewereguestsatahappytime，mydearDale.Whyarguewiththestoryteller?Whyprovetohimheiswrong？Whynotlethimsavehisface？Alwaysavoidyoursharpangle.”IlearnedalessonI’llneverforget.Inotonlyhadmadethestorytelleruncomfortable，butalsohadputmyfriendinanembarrassingsituation.HowmuchbetteritwouldhavebeenifIhadnotbecomeargumentative.Ninetimesoutoften，anargumentendswitheachofthecontestantsmorefirmlyconvincedthaneverthatheisabsolutelyright.Youcan’twinanargument.Youcan’tbecauseifyouloseit，youloseit；andifyouwinit，youloseit.语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章论述的是“你不行能赢得争辩”。十有八九，争辩结束时，每个参加者都比以往更坚决地信任自己是确定正确的。5．Whatdidtheauthordotogetafeelingofimportanceattheparty?A．Tellahumorousstory.B．Showoffhisrichknowledge.C．Teachthestorytelleralesson.D．Correctthestoryteller’smistake.答案D解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Togetafeelingofimportanceanddisplaymysuperiority，Iappointedmyselfasanunwelcomecommitteemembertocorrecthim.”可知，作者在聚会上订正讲故事的人的错误来获得一种重要感。故选D。6．WhydidFrankGammondkicktheauthorunderthetable?A．Becausehedidn’tknowmuchabouttheBible.B．Becausehethoughttheauthorwasreallywrong.C．Becausehewasthoughtfulandwantedtostoptheauthor.D．Becausehewashumorousandplayedtricksontheauthor.答案C解析推理推断题。依据第三段中的“MrGammondlistened，kickedmeunderthetable，andthensaid，‘Dale，youarewrong.Thegentlemanisright.ItisfromtheBible.’”可知，FrankGammond在桌子底下踢作者是因为他想得周到，想阻挡作者。故选C。7．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheeventthathappenedattheparty?A．Thankful. B．Regretful.C．Satisfied. D．Confused.答案B解析推理推断题。依据第四段最终三句“IlearnedalessonI’llneverforget.Inotonlyhadmadethestorytelleruncomfortable，butalsohadputmyfriendinanembarrassingsituation.HowmuchbetteritwouldhavebeenifIhadnotbecomeargumentative.”可知，作者对晚会上发生的事很懊悔。故选B。8．Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthepassage?A．YouCan’tWinanArgumentB．YouCan’tMakeMistakesinPublicC．DoHaveanOpenMindD．MindYourMannersataParty答案A解析标题归纳题。依据最终一段“十有八九，争辩结束时，每个参加者都比以往更坚决地信任自己是确定正确的。你不行能赢得争辩。你不能，因为假如你输了，你就输了；假如你赢了，你也输了。”可知，本文最佳标题是YouCan’tWinanArgument。故选A。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·山东济南质检)WhenIwasyoung，myunderstandingoflifewassimple.Thismadeit9formetodealwiththeworldaroundme.AsIgrewup，thingsseemedmore10，whichmadelifemorechallenging.Now，middle­aged，Ifindmy11oftheworldisreturningtothesimple.WhenItrytoteachmydaughterimportant12aboutlife，Iwillbreakcomplicatedthings13intosmallpieces.Oneofthosebasicsis14，foryourself，andforothers.Iteachmydaughterto15.Tofailfeelsbad，16，butnottohavetriedfeelsworse，becauseyoucan’trespectyourselfforit.Andasthesaying17，“Ifyoudon’trespectyourself，nooneelsewill.”WhenIwassevenoreight，Iplayedatmycousin’shousewithhistoys.Hisfamilywasbetteroffthanmine，andhehadmanymoretoys.Therewasone18thatI’dalwayswanted，andI19itintomypocket.Butamomentlater，I20，evenatthatage，thatIwouldneverenjoyplayingwiththetoy.IwouldalwaysknowIhad21，andmyopinionofmyselfwould22.Whenhismotherdroppedmeofflaterthatday，Ishamefacedly23outthetoyandgaveitback.Sheknew，I’msure，whathadhappened，24shethankedmeandneverspokeofitagain.Ihopetohelpmydaughteravoidsimilar25.Shefirsthastogainself­respect26shecanstartrespectingothers.Ibelieveinrespect，because27itwe’reallenemies.I’mnot28inthisregard，farfromit.ButItrymybest，andIrespectothersfortryingtheirbestinthischangingworld.语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过自己成长过程中的亲身经验，教化自己的女儿，在起先敬重其他人之前，首先要获得自尊。9．A.funnier B．easierC．safer D．deeper答案B解析依据上文中的“WhenIwasyoung，myunderstandingoflifewassimple.”可知，这让“我”更简洁与四周的世界打交道。funnier更滑稽的；easier更简洁的；safer更平安的；deeper更深的。故选B。10．A.important B．awkwardC．fragile D．complex答案D解析依据后面的“whichmadelifemorechallenging”可知，随着“我”长大，事情好像变得更加困难。important重要的；awkward尴尬的；fragile易碎的；complex困难的。故选D。11．A.view B．experienceC．aim D．expectation答案A解析句意为：现在，中年了，我发觉我的世界观正在回来简洁。view观点；experience经验；aim目的；expectation期盼。故选A。12．A.basics B．factsC．subjects D．choices答案A解析依据下文中的“Oneofthosebasicsis”可知，这里意思是“我”试着教“我”女儿重要的生活基础学问。basic基础学问；fact事实；subject科目；choice选择。故选A。13．A.away B．offC．down D．out答案C解析句意为：当我试图教我女儿重要的生活基础学问时，我会把困难的东西分解成小块。breakdowninto分解成……，为固定短语。故选C。14．A.passion B．loveC．respect D．desire答案C解析依据下文中的“becauseyoucan’trespectyourselfforit”可知，这里意思是：其中一个基本要素就是敬重。passion激情；love爱；respect敬重；desire欲望。故选C。15．A.forgive B．acceptC．share D．try答案D解析依据下文中的“butnottohavetriedfeelsworse”可知，这里意思是“我”教女儿去尝试。forgive宽恕；accept接受；share共享；try尝试。故选D。16．A.certainly B．eventuallyC．personally D．willingly答案A解析句意为：当然，失败让人感觉很糟糕，但没有尝试让人感觉更糟，因为你无法为此敬重自己。certainly当然；eventually最终；personally亲自地；willingly情愿地。故选A。17．A.runs B．goesC．writes D．follows答案B解析句意为：俗话说，“假如你不敬重自己，就没有人会敬重你。”asthesayinggoes俗话说，为固定短语。故选B。18．A.forfun B．inparticularC．withcare D．atrandom答案B解析句意为：有一个是我始终特殊想要的。forfun闹着玩地，为了好玩；inparticular特殊，尤其；withcare当心地；atrandom随意地。故选B。19．A.fetched B．arrangedC．slipped D．fitted答案C解析句意为：有一个是我始终特殊想要的，我把它偷偷塞进了口袋里。fetch取来；arrange支配；slip快速放置，静静塞，偷偷放；fit适合。故选C。20．A.doubted B．promisedC．questioned D．sensed答案D解析句意为：但过了一会儿，我感觉到，即使在那个年纪，我也不会恒久喜爱玩这个玩具。doubt怀疑；promise许诺；question怀疑；sense感觉。故选D。21．A.lied B．stolenC．changed D．cheated答案B解析句意为：我将恒久知道我偷了东西，我对自己的看法也会受损害。lie撒谎；steal偷窃；change变更；cheat欺瞒。故选B。22．A.suffer B．improveC．fade D．spread答案A解析见上题句意解析。suffer受损害；improve改善；fade褪色；spread传播。故选A。23．