2024北京大兴区高一（下）期中英语试题及答案

试题PAGE1试题2024北京大兴高一（下）期中英语2024.04考生须知1.本试卷共10页，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名和准考证号。3.试题答案一律填涂在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inmid-January,JackyHunt-Broersma,anativeofSouthAfrica,sethergoalofrunning.Andsincethenshehasbeenrunning26.2mileseveryday,aboutthe___1___ofamarathon.OnSaturday,shecompletedher104thmarathon—a(n)___2___sheexpectstobeconfirmedbyGuinnessWorldRecords.Ifso,shewouldthenholdaworldrecordfor104back-to-back(连续的)marathonruns,twomorethanherprevious___3___.Hunt-Broersmalosthalfofherleftleg___4___arareformofcancerin2001.“Thebiggest___5___wasacceptingthatpartofmybodywasgone,”shesaid.“Untilfiveyearsago,Iwasnotvery___6___.Butafterlookingintorunning,Idecidedtogiveitatry.”Currently,shekeepsrunningonafalselegmadeoutofcarbonfiber.Thecarbonfiberblade(刀锋)sheuses,designedspecificallyforrunning,costsabout$10,000.ButHunt-Broersmasaysherinvestment(投入)hasbeenwellworthwhile.“Runningreally___7___mylife,”shesaid.“Itgavemeasenseoffreedom.Ifellinlovewiththeprocessof___8___mybodyfurtherjusttoseewhatIcoulddo.”Hunt-Broersmaishopingto___9___asinglethoughtinothers—“You’re____10____thanyouthinkandyou’recapableofsomuchmore.”1.A.background B.theme C.distance D.speed2.A.experiment B.achievement C.invention D.program3.A.measure B.goal C.rank D.position4.A.inspiteof B.apartfrom C.dueto D.regardlessof5.A.struggle B.possibility C.opportunity D.regret6.A.active B.sensitive C.negative D.reliable7.A.recorded B.changed C.reflected D.limited8.A.approaching B.supporting C.pushing D.affecting9.A.describe B.seek C.collect D.inspire10.A.stronger B.healthier C.stricter D.wiser第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Readingisauniquehumanexperience.Justbyskimmingoureyesoversomewords,wecan____11____(mental)travelacrosstimeandspace.Butreadingcanalsobehard,especiallywhenwe’refacedwithadifficulttext.____12____(make)itaneasierandmorerewardingexperience,you’dbetterreadinprintwheneverpossible.Onereasonfordoingsoisthatoureyesare____13____(little)likelytoskimpastprintedwordsthanthoseonscreen.Plus,____14____(learn)contentonaphysicalpagehelpsthebrainmakeamentalmapoftheinformation,whichinturnmakesiteasiertorememberdetailsinfuture.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nowadays,millionsofpeoplelogontoTikTok(DouyininChinese)towatch___15___iscalledMukbang(ChiboinChinese).Itmightseemstrange,butthesevideosaresurprisinglysatisfyingtowatch.It____16____(allow)peopleto“eat”withotherseventhoughtheyareathomealone.However,thereisadarksidetoMukbang.Theway____17____whichpeopleeatfoodinmostofthesevideosisn’thealthy.SomeMukbangerseattoomuchfoodanditmakestheiraudienceuncomfortable.Thiscouldencouragebadhabitswhichmightleadtoseriouseatingproblems.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。In2009,Whitacrereceivedavideoofagirl____18____wassingingoneofhisworks.Inspiredbythegirl’svideo,healsoaskedhisfanstomakevideos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintooneperformance.Hisfirstvirtualchoir,“LuxAurumque”,had185singersfrom12different____19____(country).IthasreceivedmillionsofviewsontheInternet.Sincethen,thevirtualchoir____20____(become)aworldwidephenomenon.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，32分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADiscoveringthebeautyofthescienceandmathsthatshapeoureverydaylives,anexperienceinWonderLabwillfuelyourimaginationandinspireyoutoseetheworldaroundyouinnewandexcitingways.Comeandenjoyyourself!WhattoseeSpreadacrosssevendifferentzones,there’reloadsofopportunitiestogethandsonwithrealscientificphenomena.ObserveliveexperimentsatourChemistryBar,seelightningstrikebeforeyoureyes,playwithforcesongiantslidesortravelthroughspaceunderacanopy(苍穹)ofstars.Youcanalsotakepartinexplosive(爆炸)sciencedemonstrationsledbyourtalentedteamofexplainers.With50mind-blowingwondersofsciencetoenjoy,WonderLabisanexperienceunlikeanyother.Besides,aselectionofshowswillbeperformeddailyinWonderLab’sbeautifulnewshowspace.Theyarefreeofchargeandlast20minutes.TicketsDaypass:£6perperson.Thisticketgivesyouday-longaccesstoWonderLab,perfectwhetheryou’replanningaspecialtriptotheMuseumorsimplypassingthroughLondonandwanttofeedyourcuriosity.Thereisatenpercentdiscountforgroupsoftwelveormore,and£2offforstudents.Annualpass:£10perperson.Forlessthanthepriceoftwovisits,giveyourselfayearpackedfullofwonder,curiosityandbreathtakingexperiences.OpeningtimesOpensevendaysaweek,10:00—18:00(lastentry17:15).WonderLabwillbeclosedonDecember24,25and26andwillbeopenasusualfromDecember27.Duringschoolholidaysouropeninghoursare10:00—19:00(lastentry18:15).21.WhatcanyoudoinWonderlab?A.Explorestars.B.Producelightning.C.Joininexplosionshows.D.Conductchemistryexperiments.22.VisitorscanenterWonderLabat______.A.18:30onDecember27 B.14:00onNovember15C.18:30onNovember15 D.14:00onDecember2523.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.ToattractpeopletoWonderLab.B.ToraisemoneyforWonderLab.C.Toguidestudentstodoexperiments.D.TocallonvolunteersforWonderLab.BDuringsummervacations,IoftenwenttotheOutriggerCanoeClubonWaikikiBeachtoswim,becausetheclubwasusuallyemptyatthathour.Therewasoneotherclubmemberwhowouldturnupearlyonsummermornings,though.OnemorningwhenI’darrivedattheclubearlierthanusual,hewalkedpastmeonhiswaytothewater.Thenhestopped.“Howwouldyouliketoswimagainstme?Justforfun,Imean.”heasked.“Now?Againstyou?”Ilookedathiminsurprise.“It’sjustabout200yards.”Hepointedinthatdirectionandsmiledatme.“Okay.”Isaid.Teenagersareoftenverycompetitive,andIwasnodifferent.ThoughIwasconfidentofwinning,IstartedoutasfastasIcouldgo.Whenwereachedthebeachwall,Iwasalreadyaboutthreequartersexhausted.Buthedidn’tlooktiredatall.Bytheendofthisgame,mylegswereinknots.Myarmsandshoulderswerenumb.Iwantedverybadlytoquitandwalktherestoftheway.ButIstruggledandmadeit.Tenminuteslatermyfriend,SammyKauua,arrived.Itoldhimsomeofwhathadhappened.Sammylaughed.“Areyoukidding?That’sMatthewBiondi.HewongoldmedalsattheOlympics.Iguesshe’sprettygoodforsure!”SeveraldayslaterwhenIsawMatthewBiondionthebeach,ItalkedtohimandaskedhowanathletecouldbecomegoodenoughtowinintheOlympics.Hetoldmehedidmostofhisswimmingatthebeachandthenadded,“IswambecauseIlikedit.Itwasalwaysfun,andIwasprettygoodatit.Wetrainedallright,butmostlywejustswam.Itwasnatural.Ialwaysenjoyeddoingit.”Iwasdisappointedatthetimebecausetherewasnoeasyanswerthere,nosecretforsuccessasanathlete.Thinkingbackonitnow,though,Ifindtheanswerhegavemeveryappealing.24.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeatingMatthewBiondiatfirst?A.Alittleafraid. B.Quitesure. C.Nervous. D.Doubtful.25.FromthetextwecanknowthatMatthewBiondi_______.A.wasanOlympicchampionB.wasSammyKauua’sgoodfriendC.didnotspendmuchtimeswimmingD.didnotdefeattheauthorinthecompetition26.AccordingtowhatMatthewBiondisaidinParagraph5,whatmattersmostinwinningintheOlympics?A.Swimmingatthebeach. B.Supportfromhisfamily.C.Anaturalswimmingability. D.Interestinswimming.CRisingtemperaturesdrivenbytheclimatecrisisarecuttingthesleepofpeopleacrosstheworld,thelargeststudytodatehasfound.Theresearchersuseddatafromsleep-trackingwristbandsusedby47,000peopleoversevenmonthsandacross68countries.Theanalysisrevealedthatbecauseofincreasingnight-timetemperatures,theaverageglobalcitizenislosing44hoursofsleepayear.However,lostsleepaffectssomegroupsmuchmorethanothers.Thesleeplossperdegreeofwarmingisaboutaquarterhigherforwomenthanmen,twiceashighforthoseover65yearsoldandthreetimeshigherforthoseinlesswealthynations,wherepeoplehavelessaccesstocoolingequipment.Previousstudieshaveshownthatrisingtemperaturesdamagehealth,includingincreasingheartattacks,mentalhealthcrises,andaccidentsandinjuries.Poorsleephasalsobeenshowntohavetheseeffects,andtheresearcherssaytheirnewstudysuggeststhatdisturbedsleepmaybeakeymechanism(体内机制)bywhichheatcausesthesehealthimpacts.Theresearcherssaytheirdatashowsnosignsofpeoplebeingabletoadapttohotternights.“Inthisstudy,weprovidethefirstplanetary-scale(世界范围的)evidencethatwarmerthanaveragetemperaturescuthumansleep,”saidKeltonMinor,wholedtheresearch.“It’sverylikelytheeffectismoreserious.”Minoraddedthattheresearchhadimportantimplicationsforpolicymakers,whoneedtoensurecities,townsandbuildingsarewelladaptedtoheatinordertoreducethehealthimpacts.Thedatausedinthestudycamemainlyfromrichernations.Thewristbandsalsotendedtobewornbypeoplelessprone(易于遭受)tosleepdisturbancebywarmertemperatures.“Lower-incomepeopleareunderrepresentedinthedataandwe’rewellawareofthat,”saidMinor.Hesaidmoreresearchwasneeded,particularlyinplacesthatarealreadyamongthehottestintheworld.27.InParagraph2,theauthorexpresseshisideamainlyby______.A.tellingastory B.givingexamplesC.usingquotes D.listingfigures28.Howdoincreasingtemperaturesaffectpeople?A.Theylimitpeople’sincome.B.Theyimprovepeople’shealth.C.Theyreducepeople’ssleeptime.D.Theyleadtopoorrelationshipbetweenpeople.29.WhatcanbelearnedfromKeltonMinor’swordsinParagraph5?A.Heat’simpactsmaybeworsethanexpected.B.Policymakershavedoubtsaboutthestudy.C.Thestudyadoptedanewresearchmethod.D.Somecitieshavetakenfurtheractiontofighttheheat.30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat______.A.thestudyiswidelyappliedintheworldB.thestudyissignificantinsleepingresearchC.thestudyhasitslimitationinsomeaspectsD.thestudycanrepresentthelow-incomepeopleDAsweallknow,ouroceansarefilledwithgarbage.Brokenobjects,usedplasticbottlesandsoonfillourbeachesandcovertheoceanfloor,doinghugedamagetooceancreatures.Manyindividualsandorganizationsareworkingtoremovethisgarbage,andrecenttechnologicaldevelopmentshavegiventhemanewtooltodoso:thetrash-eatingrobot.Robotsofvariousshapeshavebeendesignedtocollectgarbagethattheyfindfloatingintheocean.Forexample,theFrenchcompanyIADMEEYShasdevelopedwhatitcallsthejellyfishbot.Thissmallrobotgathersupeverythingitmeets,includingliquidhydrocarbons(碳氢化合物)suchasgasolineandoil.Thejellyfishbotisremotelycontrolledandcancleanupto1,000squaremetersperhour.Thejellyfishbots’smallsizeandabilitytobeeasilycontrolledmakethemidealforcleaningupcrowdedareassuchasports.Forlarger,moreopenareas,amuchlargerrobotcalledtheInterceptorhasasimilarfunction.Designedforuseonrivers,theInterceptorlookslikeaboatwithaconveyorbelt(传送带)thatpicksuptrash.Onceasensorindicatesthattherubbishbinsarefull,theInterceptorautomaticallysendsatextmessagetoonshoreoperators.Theseoperatorscollectandemptytherubbishbins,sendingthegarbagetolocalwastemanagementfacilities.TheInterceptor’snamecomesfromtheverbinterceptbecauseitspurposeistopreventtrashfromgettingtotheocean.Mostofthegarbageintheoceanscomesdownrivers.Cleaninguptrashthatlitterstheoceanisgood,buttokeeptheoceansclean,newgarbagemustbekeptfromgettingthere.Therefore,theInterceptorisusedtopreventpollutionbeforeitenterstheocean.TheInterceptoriscompletelysolar-poweredandoperatesonitsown,whichminimizestheneedforhumaninvolvement.Robotsareabletocleanuplargeamountsofgarbagewithouthumansstrugglingthroughbeachcleanupbyhand.Hopefully,theycanbeabigpartofthesolutiontooceanpollution.31.Theauthorwritesthefirstparagraphmainlyto______.A.makeadefinition B.explaintheargumentC.leadinthetopic D.makeacomparison32.WhatdothejellyfishbotandtheInterceptorhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothsolar-powered.B.Theyneednohumanoperation.C.Theycanonlycleanupthecrowdedports.D.Theycanplayaroleinsolvingoceanpollution.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intercept”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Check. B.Stop. C.Sort. D.Collect.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheSevereOceanPollutionB.TheDevelopmentoftheRobotC.TheHugeDamagetoOceanCreaturesD.ThePromisingTooltoOceanPollution第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Artisawonderfulthingthatcanenrichourspirituallife.Itcomesintwomaintypes:realisticandabstract(抽象的).Realisticartaimstoshowreal-lifescenes,people,andobjectsexactlyastheyappear.Itinvolvespayingcloseattentiontodetails,makingthingslooklikephotographs.____35____It’smoreaboutexpressingfeelings,emotions,andideas.Realisticartiseasytounderstand.____36____TaketheMonaLisa,forexample—it’sarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife,helpingustolearnaboutthepast.Unlikerealisticart,abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.____37____Theyuseshapes,colorsandpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.Abstractartmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Somepeopleenjoytryingtofigureoutwhattheartworkexpresses.____38____Realisticartneedsdrawingorsculptingexactlytomakethingslookreal.Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.Manyartistsareskilledinboth.Theycreaterealisticpiecestoshowtheirtechnicalskillsandabstractonestodisplaytheircreativity.Asforpersonalpreference,somepeopleprefertheclearstoriesofrealisticartwhileothersareattractedtothemysteryofabstractart,interpretingmeaningsintheshapesandforms.Together,thetwokindsofartmaketheartworldvariousandengaging.____39____A.Bothtypesofarttakeskillstomake.B.Viewerscaneasilyrecognizewhatispictured.C.Masteringabstractartneedsmoreartistictraining.D.Photographsshowimaginarylifeofpeoplefromlongago.E.Bothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeauty.F.Incontrast,abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearances.G.Artistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-liferepresentations.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.Theeffortmadeinvainisunavoidableinsomerescuework.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.Iexaminedthechick(雏鸟)anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.40.Whydoestheauthorthinkthattheeffortisinvaininsomerescuework?______________________________________________________________________________41.Whatdidtheauthordotomakethechickcalmdown?______________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Theyoungowlinthenestlookedhealthyandactive,andthehomeowner’sparentspreparedsomelunchforthechick.______________________________________________________________________________43.Whatcanyoudotohelpanimalsinneed?（inabout40words）______________________________________________________________________________第二节（20分）44.假如你是红星中学李华，你校将开展“非物质文化遗产进校园”活动，让学生体验剪纸艺术。你校英国交换生Jim对此很感兴趣，你打算邀请他参加。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.活动的时间和地点2.活动的内容和意义提示词语：非物质文化遗产IntangibleCulturalHeritage注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.C2.B3.B4.C5.A6.A7.B8.C9.D10.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Hunt-Broersma因癌症左腿下半部截肢，一开始难以接受，但是尝试跑步后，发生极大改变，创下了连续跑104次马拉松的世界纪录。文章讲述了她参加跑步的经历以及感悟。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，她每天跑26.2英里，大约是马拉松的距离。A.background背景；B.theme主题；C.distance距离；D.speed速度。根据上文“shehasbeenrunning26.2mileseveryday”以及下文“amarathon”可知，此处表示她每天跑26.2英里，这大约是马拉松的距离。故选C项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周六，她完成了她的第104次马拉松比赛——她希望这一成就能被吉尼斯世界纪录确认。A.experiment实验；B.achievement成绩；C.invention发明；D.program节目。根据上文“shecompletedher104thmarathon”可知，她完成了自己的第104次马拉松比赛，她希望这一成就能被吉尼斯世界纪录确认。故选B项。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果是这样的话，她将保持连续跑104次马拉松的世界纪录，比她之前的目标多两次。A.measure措施；B.goal目标；C.rank等级；D.position位置。根据句中“aworldrecordfor104back-to-back(持续的)marathonruns”以及“twomorethanherprevious”可推知，她连续跑104次马拉松，这比她之前的目标多两次。故选B项。【4题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：Hunt-Broersma在2001年因一种罕见的癌症失去了左腿下半部分。A.inspiteof尽管；B.apartfrom除了；C.dueto由于；D.regardlessof不管。根据前文“Hunt-Broersmalosthalfofherleftleg”以及后文“arareformofcancerin2001”可知，后文是在解释失去左腿下半部分的原因，应该用dueto连接。故选C项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“接受我身体的那一部分已经不见了是最难的事情。”她说。A.struggle难事；B.possibility可能性；C.opportunity机会；D.regret遗憾。根据上文“Hunt-Broersmalosthalfofherleftleg4arareformofcancerin2001.”以及空后“wasacceptingthatpartofmybodywasgone”可知，Hunt-Broersma因一种罕见的癌症左腿部分截肢，让她接受失去左腿的下半部分是一件很难的事情。故选A项。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一直到五年前，我都不是很活跃。A.active活跃的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.negative负面的；D.reliable可靠的。根据上文提到的最大的难事是接受身体的一部分不见了，以及下文“Idecidedtogiveitatry”可知，Hunt-Broersma因为很难接受自己左腿截肢，一直到五年前一直都不是很积极活跃。故选A项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“跑步真的改变了我的生活，”她说。A.recorded记录；B.changed改变；C.reflected反映；D.limited限制。根据上下文语境以及下文“Itgavemeasenseoffreedom.”可知，跑步真的改变了Hunt-Broersma的生活。故选B项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爱上了不断挑战让自己跑的更远只是为了看看我能做什么的过程。A.approaching接近；B.supporting支持；C.pushing推，鼓励，逼迫；D.affecting影响。根据句意以及该句中的“mybodyfurther”，可知Hunt-Broersma一直在挑战自己的极限，让自己跑得更远。故选C项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：HuntBroersma希望能激发别人的一个想法——“你比你想象的更强大，你有能力做得更多。”A.describe描述；B.seek寻找，谋求；C.collect收集；D.inspire激励。根据上下文语境以及下文“You’re10thanyouthinkandyou’recapableofsomuchmore.”可知，Hunt-Broersma希望她截肢后不断在跑步中挑战自己的事迹能够激励别人，让他们相信自己比想象的更强大。故选D项。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：HuntBroersma希望能激发别人的一个想法——“你比你想象的更强大，你有能力做得更多。”A.stronger更强大的；B.healthier更健康的；C.stricter更严格的；D.wiser更明智的。根据上文内容可知，HuntBroersma左腿下半部截肢后一开始难以接受，但是后来振作起来尝试跑步并且获得了连续跑104天马拉松的吉尼斯世界记录，结合下文“you’recapableofsomuchmore”可知，HuntBroersma希望激励别人，让他们相信自己比想象的更强大，能做得更多。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.mentally12.Tomake13.less14.learning【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读作为一种独特的人类体验，以及纸质阅读相比屏幕阅读的优势。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：只要我们的眼睛掠过一些单词，我们就可以在精神上穿越时空。修饰动词travel，用副词形式。故填mentally。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让阅读变得更容易、更有意义，你最好尽可能地阅读纸质书。用不定式表示目的，表示“为了……”。故填Tomake。【13题详解】考查比较级。句意：这样做的一个原因是，我们的眼睛比屏幕上的文字更不容易浏览印刷出来的文字。根据介词than可知，用比较级形式lesslikely。故填less。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，学习实体页面上的内容可以帮助大脑绘制信息的心理地图，这反过来又使其更容易在未来记住细节。句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填learning。【答案】15.what16.allows17.in【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了TikTok上流行的Mukbang（吃播）视频现象。【15题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：如今，数以百万计的人登录TikTok(中国的抖音)观看所谓的Mukbang(中国的吃播)。分析句子结构可知，这里为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。【16题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它允许人们即使独自在家也能和别人一起“吃饭”。结合前文的are可知句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是It，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填allows。【17题详解】考查介词。句意：在大多数视频中，人们吃东西的方式都是不健康的。分析句子结构可知，这里是定语从句。先行词为theway，关系代词用that，inwhich或省略关系词。故填in。【答案】18.who##that19.countries20.hasbecome【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Whitacre在2009年受到一个女孩唱歌视频的启发，创建了第一个虚拟合唱团的故事。【18题详解】考查定语从句。句意：2009年，Whitacre收到了一段视频，视频中有一个女孩在唱他的一首作品。句中先行词为girl，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。【19题详解】考查名词的数。句意：他的第一个虚拟合唱团“LuxAurumque”有来自12个不同国家的185名歌手。根据12different可知，用可数名词的复数形式作介词from的宾语。故填countries。【20题详解】考查时态。句意：从那时起，虚拟合唱团已经成为一种全球现象。根据时间状语Sincethen可知，用现在完成时。主语是thevirtualchoir，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填hasbecome。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，32分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）【答案】21.C22.B23.A【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了WonderLab的活动、票价及时间安排等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Whattosee一段中“Youcanalsotakepartinexplosive(爆炸)sciencedemonstrationsledbyourtalentedteamofexplainers.(你也可以参加由我们才华横溢的解说团队带领的爆炸性科学演示)”可知，你可以参加爆炸科学演示。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Openingtimes一段中“Opensevendaysaweek,10:00—18:00(lastentry17:15).WonderLabwillbeclosedonDecember24,25and26andwillbeopenasusualfromDecember27.Duringschoolholidaysouropeninghoursare10:00-19:00(lastentry18:15).(每周七天开放，10:00-18:00(最后入场时间17:15)。WonderLab将于12月24日、25日和26日关闭，12月27日照常开放。学校放假期间，我们的开放时间为10:00-19:00(最后入场时间为18:15)。)”可知，参观者可以在11月15日14:00进入WonderLab。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Discoveringthebeautyofthescienceandmathsthatshapeoureverydaylives,anexperienceinWonderLabwillfuelyourimaginationandinspireyoutoseetheworldaroundyouinnewandexcitingways.Comeandenjoyyourself!(探索塑造我们日常生活的科学和数学之美，在Wonderlab的体验将激发你的想象力，并激励你以新的和令人兴奋的方式看待你周围的世界。来玩吧!)”及全文内容可知，文章介绍了WonderLab的活动、票价及时间安排等，是希望大家来参观。所以推断文章的写作目的是吸引人们来参观WonderLab。故选A项。【答案】24.B25.A26.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在夏季度假时经常到Waikiki海滩的OutriggerCanoeClub游泳，并意外地与奥运会金牌得主MatthewBiondi进行了一场游泳比赛的经历。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Teenagersareoftenverycompetitive,andIwasnodifferent.ThoughIwasconfidentofwinning,IstartedoutasfastasIcouldgo.(青少年通常都很好胜，我也不例外。虽然我对获胜充满信心，但我还是以最快的速度出发了。)”可知，作者一开始对于打败MatthewBiondi充满信心。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Tenminuteslatermyfriend,SammyKauua,arrived.Itoldhimsomeofwhathadhappened.Sammylaughed.“Areyoukidding?That’sMatthewBiondi.HewongoldmedalsattheOlympics.Iguesshe’sprettygoodforsure!”(十分钟后，我的朋友SammyKauua来了。我把发生的事情告诉了他一些。Sammy笑了。“你在开玩笑吧？这是MatthewBiondi。他在奥运会上获得了金牌。我想他肯定很厉害!”)”可知，MatthewBiondi是奥运冠军。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“SeveraldayslaterwhenIsawMatthewBiondionthebeach,ItalkedtohimandaskedhowanathletecouldbecomegoodenoughtowinintheOlympics.Hetoldmehedidmostofhisswimmingatthebeachandthenadded,“IswambecauseIlikedit.Itwasalwaysfun,andIwasprettygoodatit.Wetrainedallright,butmostlywejustswam.Itwasnatural.Ialwaysenjoyeddoingit.”(几天后，当我在海滩上看到MatthewBiondi时，我和他聊天，问他一个运动员怎样才能变得足够优秀，在奥运会上获胜。他告诉我他大部分时间都在海滩游泳，然后补充说：“我游泳是因为我喜欢它。它总是很有趣，我也很擅长。我们训练得不错，但大部分时间我们只是游泳。这是很自然的。我一直很喜欢做这件事。”)”可知，MatthewBiondi认为在奥运会上获胜的关键是对游泳的兴趣。故选D。【答案】27.D28.C29.A30.C【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候危机导致的气温上升会缩短世界各地人们的睡眠时间。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theresearchersuseddatafromsleep-trackingwristbandsusedby47,000peopleoversevenmonthsandacross68countries.Theanalysisrevealedthatbecauseofincreasingnight-timetemperatures,theaverageglobalcitizenislosing44hoursofsleepayear.(研究人员使用了68个国家47000人在7个月内使用的睡眠追踪腕带的数据。分析显示，由于夜间气温升高，全球公民平均每年损失44小时的睡眠时间)”可知，本段作者主要通过列举数字来表达自己的观点。故选D项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theanalysisrevealedthatbecauseofincreasingnight-timetemperatures,theaverageglobalcitizenislosing44hoursofsleepayear.(分析显示，由于夜间气温升高，全球公民平均每年损失44小时的睡眠时间)”可知，气温升高，缩短了人们睡眠的时间，故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段““Inthisstudy,weprovidethefirstplanetary-scale(世界范围的)evidencethatwarmerthanaveragetemperaturescuthumansleep,”saidKeltonMinor,wholedtheresearch.“It’sverylikelytheeffectismoreserious.”Minoraddedthattheresearchhadimportantimplicationsforpolicymakers,whoneedtoensurecities,townsandbuildingsarewelladaptedtoheatinordertoreducethehealthimpacts.(KeltonMinor说道：“在这项研究中，我们提供了第一个世界范围的证据，表明高于平均水平高的气温会缩短人类的睡眠。这种影响很可能更严重。”Minor补充道，这项研究对于政策制定者有着重要的影响，他们需要确保城市、城镇和建筑物能够很好地适应高温，以减少对健康的影响)”可知，从KeltonMinor的话中，我们可以知道高温的影响可能比估计中更加严重，故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Lower-incomepeopleareunderrepresentedinthedataandwe’rewellawareofthat,”saidMinor.Hesaidmoreresearchwasneeded,particularlyinplacesthatarealreadyamongthehottestintheworld.(Minor说道：“低收入人群在数据中的代表性不足，我们很清楚这一点。”他说，还需要做更多的研究，尤其在世界上已经是最热的地区。)”可知，最后一段主要说明这项研究的局限性，数据的代表性不足，且需要在已经是最热的地区做进一步的研究，故选C项。【答案】31.C32.D33.B34.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是处理海洋垃圾的机器人的相关情况。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Asweallknow,ouroceansarefilledwithgarbage.Brokenobjects,usedplasticbottlesandsoonfillourbeachesandcovertheoceanfloor,doinghugedamagetooceancreatures.Manyindividualsandorganizationsareworkingtoremovethisgarbage,andrecenttechnologicaldevelopmentshavegiventhemanewtooltodoso:thetrash-eatingrobot.(我们都知道，我们的海洋充满了垃圾。破碎的物体，用过的塑料瓶等填满了我们的海滩，覆盖了海底，对海洋生物造成了巨大的伤害。许多个人和组织都在努力清除这些垃圾，最近的技术发展为他们提供了一种新的工具：吃垃圾的机器人)”可知，第一段的目的是通过讲述海洋污染引出主题——吃垃圾的机器人。故选C项。【32题详解】细节理解题。