2021年英语专业八级考试模拟题和答案解析

2021年英语专业八级考试模拟题和答案解析一、听力理解（ListeningComprehension）（一）讲座（Lecture）Inrecentyears,theconceptof“softpower”hasgainedincreasingattentionininternationalrelations.Softpower,atermcoinedbyJosephNye,referstoacountry'sabilitytoinfluenceothersthroughattractionratherthancoercion.Thesourcesofsoftpowerarediverse.First,cultureisasignificantsource.Anation'suniqueculturalheritage,includingitsart,music,literature,andcuisine,canattractpeoplefromothercountries.Forexample,JapaneseanimeandSouth-KoreanK-pophaveahugeglobalfanbase,whichhelpsthesecountriesgainmoreinfluence.Second,politicalvaluesalsoplayarole.Acountrythatpromotesdemocraticvalues,humanrights,andtheruleoflawcanbemoreappealingtoothernations.Third,foreignpoliciesmatter.Acountrywithacooperativeandpeacefulforeignpolicyismorelikelytoberespectedandfollowed.However,buildingandmaintainingsoftpowerisnotaneasytask.Itrequireslong-terminvestmentinculturalpromotion,education,andinternationalcooperation.Acountryneedstopresentapositiveandconsistentimagetotheworld.Questions:1.Whatisthedefinitionofsoftpoweraccordingtothelecture?A.Acountry'sabilitytoinfluenceothersthroughcoercion.B.Acountry'sabilitytoinfluenceothersthroughattraction.C.Acountry'sabilitytocontrolothersthroughmilitaryforce.D.Acountry'sabilitytodominateothersthrougheconomicmeans.Answer:BExplanation:Thelectureclearlystatesthat“Softpower,atermcoinedbyJosephNye,referstoacountry'sabilitytoinfluenceothersthroughattractionratherthancoercion.”SotheanswerisB.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTasourceofsoftpowermentionedinthelecture?A.CultureB.EconomicstrengthC.PoliticalvaluesD.ForeignpoliciesAnswer:BExplanation:Thelecturelistsculture,politicalvalues,andforeignpoliciesassourcesofsoftpower.Economicstrengthisnotmentioned,sotheanswerisB.3.WhydoJapaneseanimeandSouth-KoreanK-popcontributetothesecountries'softpower?A.Theyareveryprofitable.B.Theyattractalargeglobalaudience.C.Theyaresupportedbythegovernment.D.Theyareusedforpoliticalpropaganda.Answer:BExplanation:Thelecturementionsthat“JapaneseanimeandSouth-KoreanK-pophaveahugeglobalfanbase,whichhelpsthesecountriesgainmoreinfluence.”Sothereasonisthattheyattractalargeglobalaudience,andtheanswerisB.（二）会话（Conversation）M:Hi,Jane.I'vebeenthinkingabouttakinganonlinecoursethissemester.Doyouhaveanysuggestions?W:Well,itdependsonyourinterests.Ifyou'reintoliterature,there'sagreatcourseonworldliteraturefromdifferenttimeperiods.ItcoverseverythingfromancientGreekepicstomodernnovels.M:Thatsoundsinteresting,butI'malsoconsideringacourseinbusiness.Iwanttolearnsomebasicbusinessskills.W:There'sanonlinebusinesscoursethatfocusesonentrepreneurship.Itteachesyouhowtostartyourownbusiness,fromideagenerationtomarketingstrategies.M:That'stempting.ButI'mabitworriedabouttheworkload.Aretheseonlinecoursesverytime-consuming?W:Itvaries.Theworldliteraturecoursehasalotofreadingmaterials,butthebusinesscoursemightrequireyoutoworkoncasestudiesandgroupprojects.Youneedtomanageyourtimewell.Questions:4.Whatkindofcoursesisthemanconsidering?A.Literatureandhistorycourses.B.Businessandliteraturecourses.C.Scienceandbusinesscourses.D.Artandliteraturecourses.Answer:BExplanation:Themanfirstmentionsbeinginterestedinaliteraturecourseandthensaysheisalsoconsideringabusinesscourse.SotheanswerisB.5.Whatdoesthebusinesscoursefocuson?A.Businessmanagement.B.Financialaccounting.C.Entrepreneurship.D.Internationaltrade.Answer:CExplanation:Thewomansays“There'sanonlinebusinesscoursethatfocusesonentrepreneurship.”SotheanswerisC.6.Whatistheman'sconcernaboutonlinecourses?A.Thequalityofteaching.B.Thecostofthecourses.C.Theworkload.D.Thedifficultylevel.Answer:CExplanation:Themansays“ButI'mabitworriedabouttheworkload.”Sohisconcernistheworkload,andtheanswerisC.二、阅读理解（ReadingComprehension）（一）Passage1Thedigitalrevolutionhastransformedthewaywelive,work,andcommunicate.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsisonthemedialandscape.Traditionalmedia,suchasnewspapersandmagazines,havefacednumerouschallengesinthedigitalage.Newspapers,oncetheprimarysourceofnewsformanypeople,haveseenadeclineincirculation.Withtheriseofonlinenewsplatforms,peoplecanaccessnewsinstantlyandforfree.Manynewspapershavehadtocutcosts,reducestaff,andevenshutdown.Magazines,too,havestruggledtoadapt.Printsubscriptionshavedecreasedasreadersturntodigitalversions.However,thedigitalrevolutionhasalsocreatednewopportunitiesformedia.Onlinemediaplatformshaveemerged,offeringawiderangeofcontentandinteractivefeatures.Socialmediahasbecomeapowerfultoolfornewsdissemination.Citizenjournalismhasflourished,allowingordinarypeopletoreportoneventsandsharetheirperspectives.Butwiththeseopportunitiescomechallenges.Theabundanceofinformationontheinternethasledtoissuesofmisinformationandfakenews.Mediaconsumersneedtobemorediscerninginevaluatingthecredibilityofsources.Questions:7.Whatisthemainimpactofthedigitalrevolutionontraditionalmedia?A.Theyhaveexpandedtheirreadership.B.Theyhavefacedchallengesanddecline.C.Theyhaveincreasedtheiradvertisingrevenue.D.Theyhaveimprovedtheircontentquality.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagestatesthat“Traditionalmedia,suchasnewspapersandmagazines,havefacednumerouschallengesinthedigitalage.”Italsomentionsthedeclineinnewspapercirculationandthestrugglesofmagazines.Sothemainimpactisthattheyhavefacedchallengesanddecline,andtheanswerisB.8.Whyhavenewspapersseenadeclineincirculation?A.Becausetheyhaveincreasedtheirprices.B.Becausetheyhavereducedthequalityoftheircontent.C.Becauseonlinenewsplatformsofferinstantandfreenews.D.Becausetheyhavelosttheiradvertisingsupport.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassagesays“Withtheriseofonlinenewsplatforms,peoplecanaccessnewsinstantlyandforfree.Manynewspapershavehadtocutcosts,reducestaff,andevenshutdown.”Sothereasonforthedeclineinnewspapercirculationisthatonlinenewsplatformsofferinstantandfreenews,andtheanswerisC.9.Whatnewopportunitieshasthedigitalrevolutioncreatedformedia?A.Thereturnoftraditionalmedia.B.Theemergenceofonlinemediaplatformsandcitizenjournalism.C.Theincreaseinprintsubscriptions.D.Thereductionofcompetitioninthemediamarket.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagementionsthat“Onlinemediaplatformshaveemerged,offeringawiderangeofcontentandinteractivefeatures.Socialmediahasbecomeapowerfultoolfornewsdissemination.Citizenjournalismhasflourished.”Sothenewopportunitiesaretheemergenceofonlinemediaplatformsandcitizenjournalism,andtheanswerisB.10.Whatchallengedoestheabundanceofinformationontheinternetbring?A.Ashortageofmediacontent.B.Difficultyinaccessinginformation.C.Misinformationandfakenews.D.Adecreaseinsocialmediausage.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassagestatesthat“Theabundanceofinformationontheinternethasledtoissuesofmisinformationandfakenews.”Sothechallengeismisinformationandfakenews,andtheanswerisC.（二）Passage2Inthefieldofenvironmentalscience,theconceptofecologicalfootprinthasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Theecologicalfootprintmeasurestheamountofbiologicallyproductivelandandwaterareaanindividual,population,oractivityrequirestoproducealltheresourcesitconsumesandtoabsorbthewasteitgenerates.AhighecologicalfootprintindicatesalargedemandontheEarth'sresources.Forexample,apersonwhoconsumesalotofmeat,drivesalargecar,andlivesinabighousewillhavearelativelyhighecologicalfootprintcomparedtosomeonewithamoresustainablelifestyle.Reducingtheecologicalfootprintiscrucialforsustainabledevelopment.Thereareseveralwaystoachievethis.Oneistoimproveenergyefficiency.Thiscanbedonebyusingenergy-savingappliances,insulatingbuildingsbetter,andusingpublictransportationorbicyclesinsteadofcars.Anotherwayistopromotesustainableconsumption.Thisincludesbuyinglocalandseasonalproducts,reducingwaste,andrecycling.Questions:11.Whatdoestheecologicalfootprintmeasure?A.Theamountofenergyapersonconsumes.B.Theamountofwasteapopulationgenerates.C.Theamountofbiologicallyproductivelandandwaterareaneededforresourceconsumptionandwasteabsorption.D.Theamountofcarbonemissionsproducedbyanactivity.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassagedefinestheecologicalfootprintas“theamountofbiologicallyproductivelandandwaterareaanindividual,population,oractivityrequirestoproducealltheresourcesitconsumesandtoabsorbthewasteitgenerates.”SotheanswerisC.12.Whoislikelytohaveahighecologicalfootprint?A.Apersonwhoeatsalotofvegetables.B.Apersonwhousespublictransportation.C.Apersonwholivesinasmallapartment.D.Apersonwhoconsumesalotofmeatanddrivesalargecar.Answer:DExplanation:Thepassagestatesthat“apersonwhoconsumesalotofmeat,drivesalargecar,andlivesinabighousewillhavearelativelyhighecologicalfootprintcomparedtosomeonewithamoresustainablelifestyle.”SotheanswerisD.13.Howcanwereducetheecologicalfootprint?A.Byincreasingenergyconsumption.B.Bybuyingimportedproducts.C.Byusingenergy-savingappliancesandpromotingsustainableconsumption.D.Bygeneratingmorewaste.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassagementionsthat“Oneistoimproveenergyefficiency.Thiscanbedonebyusingenergy-savingappliances,insulatingbuildingsbetter,andusingpublictransportationorbicyclesinsteadofcars.Anotherwayistopromotesustainableconsumption.”SotheanswerisC.三、语言知识（LanguageKnowledge）14.Thecompanyisplanningamajor______toexpanditsmarketshareinAsia.A.initiativeB.inspirationC.innovationD.institutionAnswer:AExplanation:“initiative”meansanewplanoractiontoachievesomething,whichfitsthecontextofthecompany'splantoexpandthemarketshare.“inspiration”referstotheprocessofbeingmentallystimulatedtodoorfeelsomething;“innovation”isaboutnewideasormethods;“institution”usuallymeansanestablishedorganizationorsystem.SotheanswerisA.15.Shehasa______forlanguagesandcanspeakfourfluently.A.giftB.talentC.skillD.geniusAnswer:AExplanation:“haveagiftfor”isacommonphrasemeaningtohaveanaturalabilityortalentforsomething.“talent”ismoregeneralandcanbeusedinabroadersense;“skill”isusuallyacquiredthroughpractice;“genius”impliesanextremelyhighlevelofintelligenceorability.SotheanswerisA.16.Theoldmanwas______withgriefwhenhiswifepassedaway.A.overcomeB.overthrownC.overrunD.overloadedAnswer:AExplanation:“beovercomewith”meanstobestronglyaffectedbyaparticularemotion.“overthrown”isusedinthecontextofremovingapersonfrompower;“overrun”meanstooccupyaplaceinlargenumbers;“overloaded”isrelatedtohavingtoomuchofsomething.SotheanswerisA.17.Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweentherichandthepoor.A.shortenB.narrowC.decreaseD.reduceAnswer:BExplanation:“narrowthegap”isacommoncollocationwhenreferringtoreducingthedifferencebetweentwogroupsorthings.“shorten”ismoreaboutmakingsomethingphysicallyshorter;“decrease”and“reduce”aremoregeneraltermsformakingsomethingsmallerinamountordegree.SotheanswerisB.18.Theteacher______thestudentsfortheirhardwork.A.commendedB.recommendedC.commandedD.commentedAnswer:AExplanation:“commend”meanstopraiseorexpressapprovalofsomeone.“recommend”istosuggestsomethingorsomeoneassuitable;“command”istogiveanorder;“comment”istomakearemark.SotheanswerisA.四、翻译（Translation）（一）汉译英中国的传统文化博大精深，有着悠久的历史。其中，儒家思想对中国社会产生了深远的影响。儒家强调个人的道德修养、家庭的重要性以及社会的和谐。例如，“仁”的观念提倡人与人之间的关爱和尊重。在现代社会，儒家思想仍然具有重要的价值，它可以帮助人们建立良好的人际关系，促进社会的稳定与发展。Translation:China'straditionalcultureisextensiveandprofound,withalonghistory.Amongthem,ConfucianismhashadaprofoundimpactonChinesesociety.Confucianismemphasizespersonalmoralcultivation,theimportanceofthefamily,andsocialharmony.Forexample,theconceptof“benevolence”advocatesloveandrespectbetweenpeople.Inmodernsociety,Confucianismstillhasimportantvalues.Itcanhelppeopleestablishgoodinterpersonalrelationshipsandpromotesocialstabilityanddevelopment.（二）英译汉Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyhasbroughtaboutsignificantchangesinourlives.Wecannowaccessinformationfromallovertheworldwithjustafewclicksonourcomputers.However,thisalsomeansthatwearefacingnewchallenges,suchasinformationoverloadandprivacyissues.Weneedtolearnhowtomanageandmakeuseofthevastamountofinformationeffectivelywhileprotectingourprivacy.Translation:科技的发展给我们的生活带来了重大变化。现在，我们只需在电脑上轻点几下，就能获取来自世界各地的信息。然而，这也意味着我们面临着新的挑战，比如信息过载和隐私问题。我们需要学会如何在保护隐私的同时，有效地管理和利用海量信息。五、写作（Writing）Topic:Shoulduniversitiesoffermorecoursesonartificialintelligence?SampleEssay:Inrecentyears,artificialintelligence(AI)hasemergedasarevolutionaryforce,transformingvariousaspectsofourlives.ThequestionofwhetheruniversitiesshouldoffermorecoursesonAIisatimelyandimportantone.Inmyopinion,universitiesshouldindeedincreasetheprovisionofAI-relatedcoursesforseveralreasons.Firstofall,thedemandforAI-skilledprofessionalsissoaringinthejobmarket.WiththerapiddevelopmentofAItechnology,moreandmoreindustriesareintegratingAIintotheiroperations.Forexample,inthehealthcaresector,AIisusedfordiseasediagnosisanddrugdiscovery;inthefinancialindustry,itisappliedforriskassessmentandfrauddetection.ByofferingmoreAIcourses,universitiescanequipstudentswiththenecessaryknowledgeandskillstomeettheneedsoftheseindustries,enhancingtheiremployability.Secondly,AIcoursescanstimulatestudents'creativityandcriticalthinking.AIinvolvescomplexalgorithms,dataanalysis,andproblem-solving.WhenstudentslearnAI,theyneedtothinkinnovativelytodevelopnewmodelsandalgorithms.Theyalsoneedtoanalyzeandevaluatedataobjectivelytomakeaccuratepredictions.TheseskillsarenotonlyusefulinthefieldofAIbutalsoinotherareasofstudyandlife.Moreover,promotingAIeducationinuniversitiescancontributetotheoveralldevelopmentofthecountry.AIisconsideredakeydriveroffutureeconomicgrowthandsocialprogress.BycultivatingalargenumberofAItalents,universitiescansupporttheresearchanddevelopmentofAItechnologyinthecountry,enhancingitsglobalcompetitiveness.However,itisalsoimportanttonotethatwhenofferingmoreAIcourses,universitiesshouldensurethequalityofeducation.Theyneedtohavewell-trainedteachers,advancedteachingfacilities,andup-to-dateteachingmaterials.Additionally,theyshouldalsopayattentiontothebalancebetweenAIcoursesandothertraditionalcoursestoensureacomprehensiveeducationforstudents.Inconclusion,universitiesshouldoffermorecoursesonartificialintelligence.Itcanbenefitstudentsintermsofemployment,intellectualdevelopment,andcontributetothenationaldevelopment.AslongasuniversitiescanguaranteethequalityofAIeducation,itwillbeawin-winsituationforbothstudentsandsociety.六、继续补充题目（涵盖听力、阅读、语言知识等方面）（一）听力理解Lecture:Intherealmofeducation,theconceptofflippedclassroomhasbeengainingmomentum.Aflippedclassroomisapedagogicalapproachwherethetraditionalteachingmodelisreversed.Inatraditionalclassroom,theteacherlecturesduringclasstimeandstudentsdohomeworkathome.Inaflippedclassroom,studentswatchpre-recordedlecturesathomeandthencometoclassfordiscussions,problem-solving,andhands-onactivities.Thereareseveraladvantagesoftheflippedclassroommodel.Firstly,itallowsstudentstolearnattheirownpace.Theycanpause,rewind,andreplaythepre-recordedlecturesasmanytimesastheyneedtounderstandthecontent.Thisisespeciallybeneficialforstudentswhomayhavedifficultykeepingupinatraditionalclassroomsetting.Secondly,itpromotesactivelearning.Intheclassroom,studentsengageindiscussionsandgroupactivities,whichhelpsthemdevelopcriticalthinkingandcommunicationskills.Thirdly,itmakesbetteruseofclasstime.Insteadoflisteningtoalecture,studentscanusethein-classtimetogetimmediatefeedbackfromtheteacherandinteractwiththeirpeers.However,implementingaflippedclassroomalsofacessomechallenges.Teachersneedtohavethetechnicalskillstocreatehigh-qualitypre-recordedlectures.Theyalsoneedtodesigneffectivein-classactivities.Moreover,notallstudentsmaybemotivatedtowatchthepre-recordedlecturesathome.Questions:19.Whatisaflippedclassroom?A.Aclassroomwherestudentsonlydogroupwork.B.Ateachingmodelwherethetraditionalprocessisreversed.C.Aclassroomwithadvancedtechnology.D.Ateachingapproachthatfocusesonrotelearning.Answer:BExplanation:Thelecturestatesthat“Aflippedclassroomisapedagogicalapproachwherethetraditionalteachingmodelisreversed.”SotheanswerisB.20.Whyistheflippedclassroombeneficialforsomestudents?A.Becauseitrequireslesseffortfromstudents.B.Becauseitallowsstudentstolearnattheirownpace.C.Becauseithasfewerin-classactivities.D.Becauseitusessimplerteachingmaterials.Answer:BExplanation:Thelecturementionsthat“itallowsstudentstolearnattheirownpace.Theycanpause,rewind,andreplaythepre-recordedlecturesasmanytimesastheyneedtounderstandthecontent.Thisisespeciallybeneficialforstudentswhomayhavedifficultykeepingupinatraditionalclassroomsetting.”SotheanswerisB.21.Whatisoneofthechallengesofimplementingaflippedclassroom?A.Studentsarenotallowedtoaskquestions.B.Teacherslackthetechnicalskillstocreatepre-recordedlectures.C.Thereisnotenoughclasstimeforactivities.D.Thecostofsettingupaflippedclassroomistoohigh.Answer:BExplanation:Thelecturesays“Teachersneedtohavethetechnicalskillstocreatehigh-qualitypre-recordedlectures.”Sooneofthechallengesisthatteachersmaylackthetechnicalskills,andtheanswerisB.Conversation:M:Hi,Lisa.Iheardyouwenttoascienceexhibitionlastweekend.Howwasit?W:Itwasamazing!Thereweresomanyinterestingexhibits.Oneofthemostfascinatingoneswasaboutspaceexploration.TheyshowedthelatestresearchonMarsandtheplansforfuturespacemissions.M:Thatsoundsreallycool.Didtheyhaveanyhands-onactivities?W:Yes,theydid.Therewasasectionwhereyoucouldbuildasmallmodelofarocket.Itwasalotoffun.M:IwishIhadgone.Arethereanyothersimilarexhibitionscomingup?W:I'mnotsure.Youcancheckthelocalmuseum'swebsite.Theyusuallypostinformationaboutupcomingevents.Questions:22.Whatwasoneofthemostfascinatingexhibitsatthescienceexhibition?A.Anexhibitonenergyconservation.B.Anexhibitonspaceexploration.C.Anexhibitonancienthistory.D.Anexhibitonanimalbehavior.Answer:BExplanation:Thewomansays“Oneofthemostfascinatingoneswasaboutspaceexploration.”SotheanswerisB.23.Whathands-onactivitywasavailableattheexhibition?A.Paintingapictureofaplanet.B.Buildingasmallmodelofarocket.C.Conductingasimplechemicalexperiment.D.Measuringthespeedoflight.Answer:BExplanation:Thewomanmentions“Therewasasectionwhereyoucouldbuildasmallmodelofarocket.”SotheanswerisB.24.Howcanthemanfindoutaboutupcomingexhibitions?A.Byaskingthewoman.B.Bycheckingthelocalmuseum'swebsite.C.Byreadingthenewspaper.D.Bycontactingtheexhibitionorganizers.Answer:BExplanation:Thewomansays“Youcancheckthelocalmuseum'swebsite.Theyusuallypostinformationaboutupcomingevents.”SotheanswerisB.（二）阅读理解Passage3Thegigeconomyhasbecomeasignificantpartofthemodernlabormarket.Inthegigeconomy,workerstakeonshort-term,flexiblejobs,oftenthroughonlineplatforms.Thesegigscanrangefromdrivingforaride-sharingservicetodoingfreelancewritingorgraphicdesign.Oneofthemainadvantagesofthegigeconomyistheflexibilityitoffers.Workerscanchoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywanttowork.Thisisespeciallybeneficialforpeoplewhohaveothercommitments,suchastakingcareoffamilymembersorpursuingfurthereducation.Anotheradvantageisthepotentialforincreasedincome.Someworkerscanearnmorebytakingonmultiplegigssimultaneously.However,thegigeconomyalsohasitsdrawbacks.Gigworkersoftenlackjobsecurityandbenefits.Theydonothavethesameprotectionastraditionalemployees,suchashealthinsuranceandpaidleave.Additionally,thecompetitioninthegigeconomycanbefierce,anditmaybedifficultforsomeworkerstofindenoughgigstomakealiving.Questions:25.Whatisthegigeconomy?A.Alabormarketwhereworkershavelong-term,stablejobs.B.Asystemwhereworkerstakeonshort-term,flexiblejobsthroughonlineplatforms.C.Aneconomythatfocusesonlarge-scaleindustries.D.Amarketwhereonlyhigh-skilledworkersareemployed.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagedefinesthegigeconomyas“Inthegigeconomy,workerstakeonshort-term,flexiblejobs,oftenthroughonlineplatforms.”SotheanswerisB.26.Whyisthegigeconomybeneficialforsomepeople?A.Becauseitprovideshigh-payingjobswithgoodbenefits.B.Becauseitoffersflexibilityandthepotentialforincreasedincome.C.Becauseitrequiresnospecialskills.D.Becauseithasalowlevelofcompetition.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagestatesthat“Oneofthemainadvantagesofthegigeconomyistheflexibilityitoffers.Workerscanchoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywanttowork...Anotheradvantageisthepotentialforincreasedincome.”SotheanswerisB.27.Whatarethedrawbacksofthegigeconomy?A.Gigworkershavetoomuchfreetime.B.Gigworkersfacenocompetition.C.Gigworkerslackjobsecurityandbenefits.D.Gigworkersonlydolow-skilledjobs.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassagementionsthat“Gigworkersoftenlackjobsecurityandbenefits.Theydonothavethesameprotectionastraditionalemployees,suchashealthinsuranceandpaidleave.”SotheanswerisC.Passage4Theimportanceofbiodiversitycannotbeoverstated.BiodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeonEarth,includingplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.Itplaysacrucialroleinmaintainingthebalanceofecosystems.Healthyecosystemsrelyonadiverserangeofspecies.Eachspecieshasaspecificroletoplay,suchaspollination,decomposition,andnutrientcycling.Forexample,beesareimportantpollinators,whichhelpplantsreproduce.Ifthebeepopulationdeclines,itcanhaveasignificantimpactontheproductionoffruitsandvegetables.However,biodiversityiscurrentlyunderthreat.Humanactivities,suchasdeforestation,pollution,andclimatechange,arecausingthelossofmanyspecies.Thislossofbiodiversitycanleadtoecologicalimbalances,reducedfoodsecurity,andincreasedvulnerabilitytonaturaldisasters.Toprotectbiodiversity,weneedtotakeaction.Thisincludesestablishingprotectedareas,promotingsustainablelanduse,andreducingourcarbonfootprint.Questions:28.Whatisbiodiversity?A.ThenumberofpeopleonEarth.B.ThevarietyoflifeonEarth,includingplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.C.ThedifferenttypesofecosystemsonEarth.D.TheamountofnaturalresourcesonEarth.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagedefinesbiodiversityas“thevarietyoflifeonEarth,includingplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.”SotheanswerisB.29.Whyarebeesimportantinanecosystem?A.Theyhelpcontrolpests.B.Theyareasourceoffoodforotheranimals.C.Theyareimportantpollinatorsforplantreproduction.D.Theycontributetothedecompositionprocess.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassagesays“beesareimportantpollinators,whichhelpplantsreproduce.”SotheanswerisC.30.Whatisthreateningbiodiversity?A.Thegrowthofprotectedareas.B.Sustainablelanduse.C.Humanactivitiessuchasdeforestation,pollution,andclimatechange.D.Theincreaseinthenumberofplantspecies.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassagestatesthat“Humanactivities,suchasdeforestation,pollution,andclimatechange,arecausingthelossofmanyspecies.”SotheanswerisC.（三）语言知识31.Thenewsoftwareisdesignedto______theefficiencyoftheofficework.A.enhanceB.enlargeC.enrichD.entangleAnswer:AExplanation:“enhance”meanstoimproveorincreasethequality,value,orstrengthofsomething,whichissuitableforthecontextofimprovingofficeworkefficiency.“enlarge”ismainlyusedformakingsomethingphysicallybigger;“enrich”isaboutaddingvalueorimprovingthequalityinamoregeneralsenselikeenrichingknowledge;“entangle”meanstoinvolvesomeoneorsomethinginadifficultorcomplicatedsituation.SotheanswerisA.32.Thepoliticianmadea______speechtogainthesupportofthevoters.A.persuasiveB.perceptiveC.sensitiveD.impressiveAnswer:AExplanation:“persuasive”meansabletopersuadepeople,whichisappropriateforaspeechaimedatgainingvoters'support.“perceptive”referstohavinggoodperception;“sensitive”isaboutbeingeasilyaffectedoraware;“impressive”ismoreaboutmakingastrongimpressionbutmaynotdirectlyrelatetopersuasion.SotheanswerisA.3