Unit5ThevalueofmoneyListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking语言点课件-高中英语人教版

ListeningandSpeaking—ReadingandThinkingLanguage

pointsbasisn.

[sing.]原因；缘由thereasonwhypeopletakeaparticularaction:Shewaschosenforthejobonthebasisofherqualifications.她因资历适合而获选担任这项工作。

[sing.]基准；准则；方式thewaythingsareorganizedorarranged:onaregular/permanent/part-time/temporarybasis定期/永久/兼职/临时性地onadaily/day-to-day/weeklybasis按每天/每日/每周一次的标准bas-(low低的)+-is→低处→基础，同根词：base,basic

[C,usuallysing.]

(pl.bases)[U]基础；要素；基点theimportantfacts,ideasoreventsthatsupportsth.andthatitcandevelopfromonthebasisof...根据……；在……的基础上Onthebasisofthosefacts,wecanreachthefollowingconclusion.basev.以…为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在touseaparticularcity,town,etc.asthemainplaceforabusiness,holiday/vacation,etc.base

sb/sth/yourselfin...把……安置在……TheydecidedtobasethenewcompanyinYork.他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。base...on/upon...把……建立在……，以……为根据bebasedon/upon以……为根据(基础)Ibasemyhopesonthegoodnewswehadyesterday.我把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上.Thisnovelisbasedonhistoricalfacts.这部小说是以历史事实为根据的.

basen.

根基；基底；底座[C,usuallysing.]thelowestpartofsth,especiallythepartorsurfaceonwhichitrestsorstands：thebaseofacolumn/glass柱基；玻璃杯底座basen.

[C]根据；出发点(SYN:basis)

anidea,afact,asituation,etc.fromwhichsth.isdevelopedHisargumentshaveasoundeconomicbase.他的论点有充分的经济上的根据。

[C,usuallysing.](支持、收入、力量等的)来源，源泉，基础thepeople,activity,etc.fromwhichsb/sthgetsmostoftheirsupport,income,power,etc.Thesepolicieshaveabroadbaseofsupport.这些政策受到广泛支持。

[C,usuallysing.]混合物的首要（或主要）成分thefirstormainpartofasubstancetowhichotherthingsareadded:Putsomemoisturizeronasabasebeforeapplyingyourmake-up.化妆前先搽些润肤霜打底。

[C]据点；总部；大本营themainplacewhereyouliveorstayorwhereabusinessoperatesfrom:ThecompanyhasitsbaseinNewYork,andbranchofficesallovertheworld.公司总部设在纽约，分支遍及全世界。⑥[C,U]基地aplacewhereanarmy,anavy,etc.operatesfrom:amilitary/navalbase军事/海军基地【派生词】baseless无根据的；无基础的basicadj.基本的；基础的formingthepartofsththatismostnecessaryandfromwhichotherthingsdevelop:basicinformation/facts/ideas基本信息/事实/思想thebasicprinciplesoflaw法律的基本原则bebasicto………的重要依据，基础Thesefactsarebasictoanunderstandingofthecase.这些事实是了解这一案件的重要依据.basicallyadv.大体上；基本上inthemostimportantways,withoutconsideringthingsthatarelessimportant:Yes,that’sbasicallycorrect.对，基本正确。Thetwoapproachesarebasicallyverysimilar.两种方法其实差不多。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Honestyisthebasisoffriendship. __________2.We’regoingtobemeetingthereonaregularbasis. __________3.Shewaschosenforthejobonthebasisofherqualifications（资历）andideas. __________4.Onthebasisofevidencewededuced（推断）thathewasguilty. __________5.Thisarticlewillformthebasisforourdiscussion. __________basis友谊的基础定期地/经常地由于/因为根据作为……的基础1.___________(base)onhisexperiences,hisnovelwasquitepopular.2.___________(base)hisnovelonhisexperiences,heenjoyedagoodreputation.3.Thegovernmentsetupthecompany_______(base)onabrilliantblueprint.4.___________(base),hisquestionswerereally___________(base).5.Thedecisionwasmade_______thebasisoftheinformationwehad.6.Whilemydeskmateclaimsthatshecanpredictthecontentofnexttest,thereisnoscientific

(base)behindit.

7.Whenyouselectamajor,itis

(base)toselecttheoneyoulike.BasedBasingbasedBasicallybasiconbasisbasicapologiseapology词源故事公元前399年，古希腊哲学家苏格拉底被雅典政府以“亵渎神灵、败坏青年”的罪名起诉。苏格拉底在由500人组成的陪审团面前做了著名的申辩，但申辩并没能挽救他自己。苏格拉底最终被判处死刑，饮毒而亡。他的学生柏拉图将他这篇申辩词记录下来，流传后世。“申辩”一词在希腊语中写作apologia，意思是“自我辩护的演讲”。这就是英语单词apology的来源。由于自我辩护时需要先表达歉意，“道歉”和“辩解”总是联系在一起，所以apology衍生出“道歉”之意。构词：apology(道歉)+-ise(使……)n[C]&[U]道歉；歉意：acceptsb’sapology接受某人的道歉Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldacceptmyapologyandforgiveme.Idemandanimmediateapologyfromyou.要求道歉owesb.anapologyforsth.因某事而应向某人道歉Youowehimanapologyforwhatyousaid.make/express/conveyanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉Imustmakeanapologytohimfornotgoingtohisparty.apologyvi

道歉；表示歉意：Trytoforgivesomeonewhentheyapologise.It’snoteasyforanyonetosaysorry.apologise(tosb.)for(doing)sth.:因(做)某事向某人道歉Youshouldapologisetoherforblamingherwrongly.是你错怪了她，你该给她道歉。apologisetosb.that...向某人道歉……apologise(apology+-ise)“Sorry,”shesaid,withanapologeticsmile.“对不起。”她说，歉然一笑。apologeticallyadv.道歉地，认错地；辩解地“I’msorryI’mlate,”hemurmuredapologetically.“对不起，我迟到了。”他小声道歉说。apologeticadj.道歉的；谢罪的；愧疚的feelingorshowingthatyouaresorryfordoingsthwrongorforcausingaproblem:一、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Please___________________（接受我的道歉）forhavingtocancelourmeeting.2.Ihopeyouaregoingto_________________（道歉）.(apology)3.Ithinkyoushould______________________（向你弟弟道歉）.(apologise)二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。1.你应该为你所说的话向他道歉。(owesbanapology)_________________________________________________________2.我再次为我的错误向您致以诚挚的歉意。(apologisetosbfordoingsth)_________________________________________________________apologiseacceptmyapologymakeanapologyapologisetoyourbrotherYouowehimanapologyforwhatyousaid.Isincerelyapologiseagaintoyouformymistake.inreturn

作为回报；作为回应(后不加宾语)inreturnfor...作为……的交换；作为……的报答（后必须加宾语）inturn

依次；反过来byturns轮流；时而……时而……on/uponone'sreturn某人一回来returnto回到[练透]——对比填空(inreturn,inreturnfor,inturn，byturns)____________yourhelp,Iinviteyoutospendtheweekendwithmyfamily.Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.________，weexpectthemtoworkhard.Asweallknow，alltheoriescomefrompracticeand________servepractice.Peoplestandinlinewaitingtotakenucleicacidtests .InreturnforInreturninturnbyturns【名师点津】常见“in+n.”短语①incase以防万一②inadvance事先;提前③indanger处于危险中④inorder井井有条⑤inplace在正确位置⑥inreality/fact事实上judge“不要以貌取人”这句话还有很多说法。其中一个著名的版本出自《圣经约翰福音》第7章。原文是“Neverjudge

fromappearances,butjudge

withrightjudgment.”“不可按外貌定是非，总要按公平断定是非”。即不可以貌取人，判断事物不应受表面现象蒙蔽。Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.judgevvi&vt

判断toformanopinionaboutsb/sth：judge...from/by...从……判断……Theperformancewasgood,whenjudgedbytheirusualstandards.按他们平时的水平衡量,这次演出不错.judgingby/from...从……判断Judgingfrom/byheraccent,shemustbefromSichuan.asfarasIcanjudge据我判断；我认为AsfarasIcanjudge,allofthemaretoblame.依我看,他们都应承担责任。

vt

估计

toguessthesize,amount,etc.ofsth：It’sdifficulttojudgehowlongthejourneywilltake.

vt&vi评价

tobecriticalaboutsb,todecidewhethersbisgoodorbad:I’velearntagoodlesson:nottojudgepeople.Itisunfairtojudgeapersonbasedonhisappearance.

vt&vi裁判；评判：ShewasaskedtojudgetheEnglishspeechcompetition.

vt

审判；判决：judgeacase/judgesbguilty审理案件/判某人有罪n[C]

法官；裁判员；鉴定人：Sheisaverygoodjudgeofcharacter.judge语义网络图vn判断judge（基本义）根据所见、所闻、所学“判断”某事物“判断”大小、数量等不公正或批评地对某人作出“判断”“判断”比赛结果“判断”案件审判；判决判断估计评价裁判；评判裁判员鉴定人法官judgement

[U]判断力；辨别力theabilitytoformopinionsortomakesensibledecisions：Heshowedexcellentjudgementinchoosingafriend.

[C]&[U]意见；看法；评价anopinionthatyouformafterthinkingcarefully：makeajudgementon/about对…做个判断Herefusedtomakeajudgementaboutthesituation.他拒绝对形势作出评价。Inone’sjudgement在某人看来Inherjudgment,itwasawrongthingtogivechildrensomuchpocketmoney.[C]&[U]审判；判决thedecisionofacourtorajudge：Thejudgmentwillbegiventomorrow.此案将于明日宣判。judge一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Judgingfromthewritingstyleofthepassage,itisapieceofadvertisement._____________2.Ijudgedhimtobeabout50._____________3.Weshouldavoidjudgingpeoplebytheirappearances._____________4.I’vebeenaskedtojudgetheessaycompetition._____________5.Sheisafamousjudgeincourt.

_____________判断估计评价担任裁判法官二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Thecrowdaroundmewereobviouslyenjoyingtheirdayoutattheraces,__________(judge)bytheirhappyfaces.2.Irespecthis_____________(judge)andI’llfollowanyadvicehegivesme.3.Herefusedtomakeajudgement__________thesituation.judgementjudgingabout/onWell，IthinkthatChenLiyanwascorrectinreturningthemoney，butsheshouldhaveacceptedthemoneyWangoffered.哦，我认为陈丽燕归还钱是对的，但是她本该接受王提供的钱。[句式分析]本句中shouldhavedone属于“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”结构。shouldhavedone在语义上相当于oughttohavedone，表示“过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没有做”；shouldn'thavedone表示“过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了”。这一用法往往含有责备的意味。Heshouldn'thavesaidthattohisbrother.他不该对他弟弟说那些话。“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的其他形式：(1)musthavedone表示对过去行为的推测，意为“一定；想必”，语气十分肯定。(2)may/mighthavedone表示对过去行为的推测，意为“可能做过”。might所表示的可能性比较弱，语气较委婉。(3)can/couldhavedone表示“本来可以做而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”，疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中can'thavedone多用于语气强烈的否定，意为“不可能做过”。(4)needn'thavedone表示“本来不必做某事而实际上却做了”。Hemay/mighthavegonetothelibrary.他或许已经去图书馆了。Theycan'thaveleft；itwasrainingsoheavilythen.当时雨很大，他们不可能离开。Youneedn'thavecome.Ihavefinishedthework.你本不必来的，我已经完成了这项工作。A:Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.汤姆很小的时候就从大学毕业了。B:Oh,hemusthavebeenaverysmartboythen.噢，那他一定是个非常