江苏专版2025版高考英语大二轮复习专题3阅读理解第四节主旨大意题二文章或段落大意题学案牛津译林版

PAGEPAGE1二、文章或段落大意题(2024·江苏，B)Inthe1760s，MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup，Roze’schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout，whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today，scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat：dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone，customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters，too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness，theycouldn’ttellhowmuchthey’dhad：thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse，butwerenonethewiser—theydidn’tfeelfuller，andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney，butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces，finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround：putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical，ratherthanpop，musicwasplaying，dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect：dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon，ornoscent.Meanwhile，thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—“bad”tables，crowding，highprices—don’tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor，say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey’reprofitable.Asforcrowds，aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant’sreputation，suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet’spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。它主要通过引入现代餐馆的鼻祖马蒂兰·罗兹制订的标准以及学者对于餐馆的探讨来介绍现代餐馆在经营中影响食客消费的几个要素：视觉要素餐具、灯光、听觉要素音乐、嗅觉要素气味、其他要素桌位、拥挤程度和价格。素材旨在通过现代餐馆的经营理念，让考生了解西方现代餐馆的经营之道。58.Theunderlinedphrase“nonethewiser”inParagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere.A.notawareofeatingmorethanusualB.notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC.notconsciousofthefoodqualityD.notfondofthefoodprovided答案A解析词义揣测题。依据第三段中的“...thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse，butwerenonethewiser—theydidn’tfeelfuller...”可知，那些被给以大份饭菜的食客比其他人吃得多，但他们没觉得更饱，这说明在黑暗的就餐环境下，食客并不清晰自己多吃了多少，所以此处的nonethewiser是“不清晰，不知道”之意。故选A项。59.Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A.Playingclassicalmusic.B.Introducinglemonscent.C.Makingthelightbrighter.D.Usingplatesoflargersize.答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Whenclassical，ratherthanpop，musicwasplaying，dinersspentmore.”可知，当演奏古典音乐而不是流行音乐的时候，食客们会花更多的钱。spentmore就是对题干中makemoreprofit的语意转化。故选A项。60.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A.Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B.Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C.Waystoimproverestaurants’reputation.D.Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.答案D解析段落大意题。依据最终一段首句中的“thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—‘bad’tables，crowding，highprices—don’tnecessarily”可知，你可能认为会打消你消费的念头的东西——位置“不好”的桌位、拥挤和价格高——未必如此(指在某些人看来，这些不利因素未必不会带来利润的增加)。由此可知，作者认为这些对于餐馆的常见的观点是一种误会，故选D项。一、文章大意题的题型解读说明文、记叙文、争论文三种文体涉及的不同话题如社会文化类、人物故事类、科普说明类，都会考查到文章大意类题。设问形式常有：(1)Whatisthemaintheme/topic/ideaofthispassage?(2)Thepassageismainlyabout.(3)Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageis.(4)Thepassagemainlyfocuseson.二、文章大意题的解题技巧——“主题句定位”寻主旨文章是由段落组成的。段落的主题就是段落的中心思想，详细段落的中心思想又是为文章整体中心思想服务的。理解整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在理解详细段落中心的基础上的。找出每小段的主题句，各段的主题句常在该段的首句或尾句，各段主题句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中，这就须要进一步加工概括。视察全文的结构支配，理解文章的“重心”和支撑性细微环节。主题句的位置一般有以下几种：(1)主题句出现在文首。开宗明义，提出主题，用细微环节来说明或拓展主题句所表达的主题思想，是最常见的演绎法写作方式。新闻报道、说明文或争论文通常采纳这种写法。(2)主题句出现在文末。在表述细微环节后，归纳要点以概括主题，是最常见的归纳法写作方式。(3)主题句首尾呼应。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结束时再次点出主题。(4)主题句出现在文中。写作方式为：细微环节描述——归纳主题——进一步说明。以下是找主题句的四个小窍门：(1)段落中出现表示转折的词语(如however，but，infact，actually等)时，该句很可能是主题句。(2)首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。(3)作者有意识地重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。(4)表示总结或结论的句子常包含therefore，thus，inshort，conclude，conclusion等词。三、段落大意题的题型解读段落大意类题型多在说明文和争论文中所涉及的各类话题如社会文化类、科普说明类等进行考查。设问形式常有：(1)Themainideaofthesecondparagraphprobablyis.(2)Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?(3)Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout.四、段落大意题的解题技巧eq\x(首尾兼顾知段意)↓(1)段首：说明文和争论文中的主题句常在段首↓(2)段尾：先表述细微环节，后归纳概括，段落中心在段尾↓eq\x(关键点：抓住段落的主题句)↓(3)段中间：先用一句或几句话引出要表达的主题，然后陈述主题，再论述细微环节，即引出主题→段落中心→再论述↓(4)没有明显段落中心时，需概括段落内容，总结段落中心例如：【真题感悟】中第60题，依据文章最终一段首句“Meanwhile，thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—‘bad’tables，crowding，highprices—don’tnecessarily.”可知，你可能认为会打消你消费的念头的东西——位置“不好”的桌位、拥挤和价格高——未必如此(指在某些人看来，这些不利因素未必不会带来利润的增加)。由此可知，作者认为这些对于餐馆的常见观点是一种误会，故选D项。A(2024·徐州高三模拟)Theageofadulthoodisbydefinition1arbitrary.Ifeveryonematuredatthesame，fixedrate，itwouldn’tbeahumanprocess.Indeed，maturationhappensatvaryingspeedsacrossdifferentcategorieswithinthesameindividual，soI’dsayIwaseasilyoldenoughtovoteat16，butnobodyshouldhavegivenmeacreditcarduntilIwas32，andI’vegotthecountycourtjudgmenttoproveit.However，webroadlyagreethatthere’sadifferencebetweenachildandanadult，evenifwemightargueaboutthetransitionpoint.SothepoliticaltheoristDavidRunciman’sviewthatsix-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtovotegoesagainstanystandardargumentabouttheageofcivicresponsibility.Nobodywouldsaythatasix-year-oldcouldbeheldcriminallyresponsible，couldbesenttowar，couldbecapableofconsent，couldbegivenresponsibilityforanything.Soallowingthemthevote—alongwith，unavoidably，seven-year-oldswhoareevensillier，ifanything—isquiteanamusingproposal.10Runciman’sargumentisthatthisistheonlywaytorebalancepoliticallife，whichiscurrentlytwistedinfavoroftheold，whodon’t(headded)everneedtodemonstratementalcapacity，evenlongafterthey’velostit.Thefirstpartofhiscaseisself-evident：pensionsareprotectedwhilechildren’scentersareclosed，conceptssuchassovereignty(最高权威)areprioritizedoverthefarmoreurgentbusinessofthefuture：climatechange.Nostalgia(怀念)forapasttheyoungwouldn’tevenrecognizeplaysacentral6role，whichiscompletelyunfair.Mostoftheargumentsagainstgivingsix-year-oldsavotearethatchildrenwouldendupvotingforsomethingdamagingandchaotic，ifsomeonemadeunrealisticpromisestothem，whichcouldneverberealized.Well，it’snotchildren’sfault.Havingsaidthat，childrendotendtowardstheprogressive，havinganaturalsenseofjustice(whichkicksinattheageofsixmonths，psychologistshaveshown，bycreatingscenesofgreatunfairnesstobabies，andmakingthemcry)andanunderdevelopedsenseofself-interest.Mykid，whenhewassix，madequiteaforcefulcaseagainst2privateproperty，onthebasisthat，sinceeverybodyneededahouse，theyshouldn’tcostmoney，becausenobodywouldwantanyoneelsenottohaveone.Also，foodshouldbefree.Itwasakindofpre-Marxcommunism，whereyoulimitthecoverageofthemarkettoonlythosethingsthatyouwouldn’tmindsomeoneelsenothaving.Onthat3particularday，whenwewereregisteredasvoters，mykidwasquitefartotheleftofme，butinthenormalrunofthings，we’reunited，whichbringsustothepointoftheproblem：childrenobeyyouonalmostnothing，buttheydoseemto7believeinyourpoliticsuntilthey’readolescent.Sogivingkidsthevoteisreallyjustawayofgivingparentsextravotes.Andwhatcanstopushavingevenmorechildren，oncethere’ssomuchenfranchisement(选举权)initforus?Now，ifparentscouldbetrustedtousetheirinfluencewisely，andhammerintochildrenthepoliticsitwilltaketoassureabetterfuture，thenIwouldn’tnecessarilyhaveaproblemwiththat，apartfrom，obviously，thatcultureisalreadywildlytwistedtowardsparents，andIcanimagineafewnon-parentsboilingwithfierceanger.Butthat’snotworthtalkingaboutanyway，becauseparentscan’tbetrusted，otherwisewe’dallalreadyvoteGreen(绿党).Inshort：no，six-year-oldsshouldnotgetthevote；butwhilewe’rehere，ifanyvotescomeupinthenearfuture，whichwillhaveanimpactonthenextfivedecadesofBritishpoliticallife，alongsideEUmigrants，16-year-oldscertainlyshouldbeenfranchised.语篇解读这是一篇争论文。文章主要讲了儿童成熟的速度是不同的，所以作者认为允许儿童投票并不完全是荒谬的。1.Theauthorreferstohisageofadulthoodtoprovethat.A.peoplematureatdifferentratesinvariousaspectsB.there’sacommonstandardfortheageofadulthoodC.acreditcardismoredifficulttogetthanthevoteD.certainrightsaregrantedatdifferentstagesoflife答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据第一段最终一句可知，作者以他的成年年龄来证明人们在各个方面成熟的速度不同，故选A。2.PeoplerejectDavidRunciman’sproposalbecause.A.theydon’tthinkachildcangrowintoadulthoodearlierB.theyareuncertainwhetherchildrencanassumeresponsibilityC.theybelievechildrenarefarfrommatureinmanywaysD.theyknowtheagetogetthevoteisnottobequestioned答案C解析推理推断题。依据其次段倒数其次句的内容“没有人会说一个六岁的孩子会被追究刑事责任，会被送上战场，会有同意的实力，会被给予任何责任。”可推断出，人们拒绝DavidRunciman的提议是因为他们认为孩子们在许多方面还远远不够成熟，故选C。3.WhatisthebaseforDavidRunciman’sargument?A.Aculturalpreferencefortheold.B.Theimbalanceinpoliticallife.C.Inequalitiesofopportunity.D.Publicignoranceofchildren’sabilities.答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Runciman’sargumentisthatthisistheonlywaytorebalancepoliticallife.”及下文的说明可知，DavidRunciman的论点的基础是政治生活的不平衡，故选B。4.Theauthortalksabouthiskidtoindicatethat.A.childrenaregood-naturedandliketohelppeopleinneedB.childrenaresimple-mindedandcanfallforanadult’strickC.childrenareinnocentanddon’twanttobeinvolvedinpoliticsD.childrenareinfavorofajustsocietyandtendtobeidealistic答案D解析推理推断题。依据倒数第四段中的“Mykid，whenhewassix，madequiteaforcefulcaseagainstprivateproperty...Itwasakindofpre-Marxcommunism，whereyoulimitthecoverageofthemarkettoonlythosethingsthatyouwouldn’tmindsomeoneelsenothaving.”可推断出，作者以他的孩子为例来说明，孩子们喜爱一个公正的社会，并且倾向于志向主义，故选D。5.Theauthorthinksallowingchildrenthevotemayleadto.A.twistedculture B.misuseofrightsC.parents’objections D.unusualmaturation答案B解析推理推断题。依据倒数第三段中的“Sogivingkidsthevoteisreallyjustawayofgivingparentsextravotes.”可推断出，作者认为允许儿童投票可能会导致权力的滥用，故选B。6.Whatisthemainpointofthepassage?A.Allowingchildrenthevoteisnotaltogetherabsurd.B.Thereisadifferencebetweenadultsandchildren.C.Parentsshouldintroducepoliticstotheirchildren.D.Thedefinitionofadulthoodisquitecontroversial.答案A解析主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其依据最终一段内容可知，作者认为允许儿童投票并不完全是荒谬的，故选A。B(2024·苏州高三期中)Everydayweexperienceoneofthewondersoftheworldarounduswithoutevenrealizingit.Itisnotthe8amazingcomplexityoftelevision，northeimpressivetechnologyoftransport.Theuniversalwonderweshareandexperienceisourabilitytomakenoiseswithourmouths，andsotransmitideasandthoughtstoeachother’sminds.①Thisabilitycomessonaturallythatwetendtoforgetwhatamiracleitis.②Obviously，theabilitytotalkissomethingthatmarkshumansofffromanimals.Ofcourse，someanimalshavepowersjustasamazing.Birdscanflythousandsofmilesbyobservingpositionsofthestarsintheskyinrelationtothetimeofdayandyear.InNature’stalentshow，humansareaspeciesofanimalsthathavedevelopedtheirownspecialact.Ifwereduceittobasicterms，it’sanabilityforcommunicatinginformationtoothers，byvaryingsoundswemakeaswebreatheout.③Notthatwedon’thaveotherpowersofcommunication.Ourfacialexpressionsconveyouremotions，suchasanger，orjoy，ordisappointment.Thewayweholdourheadscan4indicatetootherswhetherwearehappyorsad.Thisisso-called“bodylanguage”.Bristling(直立的)furisanunmistakablewarningofattackamongmanyanimals.Similarly，the9bowedheadordroppingtailshowsareadinesstotakesecondplaceinanyanimalgathering.Suchameansofcommunicationisabasicmechanismthatanimals，includinghumanbeings，instinctively(本能地)acquireanddisplay.④Ifso，howdidhumanbeings5acquirethisamazingskill?11Biologistscanreadilyindicatethatparticularareaofourbrainwherespeechmechanismsfunction，butthisdoesn’ttellushowthatpartofourbodiesoriginatedinourbiologicalhistory.语篇解读本文主要介绍人类拥有的语言实力是人类区分于动物的一个主要的特点，能够让我们向他人传递信息。7.Accordingtothepassage，thewonderwetakeforgrantedis.A.theamazingpoweroftechnologyB.ourabilitytouselanguageC.theunforgettablemiracleofnatureD.ourabilitytomakenoiseswithmouth答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Theuniversalwonderweshareandexperienceisourabilitytomakenoiseswithourmouths，andsotransmitideasandthoughtstoeachother’sminds.”可知，这种实力就是我们的语言运用实力，故B项正确。8.Whichisthemostsuitableplacefor“Istheabilitytospeakjustanothersortofinstinct？”A.④B.③C.②D.①答案A解析推理推断题。依据最终一段第一句“Suchameansofcommunicationisabasicmechanismthatanimals，includinghumanbeings，instinctively(本能地)acquirethisamazingskill？”及后文中的“Ifso，howdidhumanbeingsacquireanddisplay.”可知，填在④处，承上启下。故A项正确。9.Thispassageismainlyabout.A.thedevelopmentofbodylanguageB.thespecialrolehumansplayinnatureC.thepowertoconveyinformationtoothersD.thedifferencebetweenhumansandanimals答案C解析主旨大意题。本文主要讲解并描述的是人类拥有的语言的实力能够让我们向他人传递信息。故C项正确。Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并依据句意揣测画线部分的意思1.Thechoiceofplayersfortheteamseemedcompletelyarbitrary.随意的2.Liketheirchildren，parentsareoftendefensiveabouttheirprivatelives.私人的3.Sheisveryparticularaboutherclothes.挑剔的4.Thelastfiguressofarthisyearindicateariseof13.8%.显示5.Hehasacquiredareputationasthiscountry’spremiersoloviolinist.获得，得到(二)同义词语替换6.Ratingsareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinconsumers’purchasedecision.part7.Theyneedaleaderthattheycanbelievein.trust8.Itisreallyamazingthattheonce-ruinedplacehasnowbeenturnedintoabeautifulschool.astonishing/surprising(三)一词多义9.bown.点头；鞠躬；弓；弓形物；蝴蝶结vi.点头；鞠躬vt.低下头(1)Aviolinisplayedwithabow.n.弓(2)InJapan，themorerespectyouwanttoshow，thedeeperyoushouldbow.vi.鞠躬(3)Ellaworeabowinherhair.n.蝴蝶结(4)Hemovedasideforherwithapolitebow.n.鞠躬Ⅱ.长难句理解10.Runciman’sargumentisthatthisistheonlywaytorebalancepoliticallife，whichiscurrentlytwistedinfavoroftheold，whodon’t(headded)everneedtodemonstratementalcapacity，evenlongafterthey’velostit.[句式分析]本句是一个复合句，thatthisistheonlyway...为that引导的表语从句；在这个从句中which引导非限制性定语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句。[精致译文]朗西曼的论点是，这是重新平衡政治生活的唯一途径，目前政治生活被扭曲为有利于老年人，他补充说老年人不须要展示自己的心智实力，即使他们早就失去了心智实力。11.Biologistscanreadilyindicatethatparticularareaofourbrainwherespeechmechanismsfunction，butthisdoesn’ttellushowthatpartofourbodiesoriginatedinourbiologicalhistory.[句式分析]本句是一个由but连接的并列句，在第一分句中that引导宾语从句，where引导定语从句；在其次分句中how引导宾语从句。[精致译文]生物学家们可以很简单地指出我们大脑中的语言机制发挥作用的特定区域，但这并不能告知我们身体的那一部分是如何在我们的生物历史中起源的。强化练(二十五)Ⅰ.单项填空1.Home-sharinginruralareashashugegrowthasmoreandmoreChinesetouristsaretravellingtovillagesforuniqueruralexperiences.(2024·苏州高三期末)A.survival B.potentialC.interval D.approval答案B解析房屋共享在农村有很大的增长潜力。potential潜力。2.Whenyou’redone，throwitallawayandyournewassignment.(2024·扬州高三期末)A.breakintoB.turnintoC.diveintoD.fitinto答案C解析句意为：当你完成的时候，将它抛开，投入到你的新任务中去。breakinto闯入；turninto变成；diveinto钻研，投入；fitinto符合，适应。故C项正确。3.offensivenicknamesareseenasaformofbullyingatschool，nexttimeyouwanttocallsomeonebyitsnickname，weighitbeforeyoudo.A.Since B.UnlessC.Although D.Before答案A解析句意为：因为在学校，无礼的外号被视为一种欺凌行为，所以下次你想叫别人的外号时，肯定要三思而后行。此处是since引导的缘由状语从句，故选A。4.—Ican’tunderstandwhyhesoangry.Imeantnooffence.—It’stypicalofhimtobesosensitive.A.musthavebeen B.shouldhavebeenC.mighthavebeen D.canhavebeen答案B解析句意为：——我不明白他为什么竟然这么生气。我无意冒犯。——他很敏感，这是他的特点。should此处表示说话人的惊异，结合句意可知答案为B。5.—I’mgoingtoSyria.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyourexperiencesthere?—.Let’sdiscussitoverdinner.A.Nevermind B.GoaheadC.Byallmeans D.Itjustdepends答案C解析Nevermind没关系，没关系；Goahead前进，进行；Byallmeans可以，当然行；Itjustdepends看状况而定。句意为：——我要去叙利亚。你能告知我你在那里的经验吗？——当然可以，我们边吃边谈吧。结合句意可知答案为C。6.AcaseofsuspectedfoodpoisoninginNewYorkhasledto6highschoolstudentstohospital.A.beingsentB.sentC.sendingD.tobesent答案A解析句意为：纽约一个疑似食品中毒的案件已经导致6名中学生被送到医院了。leadto“导致”，其中的to是介词，后面接动名词的复合结构：逻辑主语(6highschoolstudents)＋动名词，因为students和send是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故选A。7.MsMeng，CFOofHuawei，gotarrestedfornogoodreasoninCanada，causedgreatangerofthewholenationofChina.A.thatB.asC.whichD.what答案C解析句意为：华为财务总监孟女士在加拿大无故被捕，引起了全中国人民的剧烈愤慨。此处是前面整个句子作先行词，用which引导非限制性定语从句，且作主语，故选C。8.—IwonderwhatmakeshimagoodEnglishteacher.—HeasavolunteerintheUKfortwoyears，whichhelpshimwithhisworkalot.A.hasserved B.servesC.hadserved D.served答案D解析句意为：——我想知道是什么使他成为一个好的英语老师。——他在英国做了两年的志愿者，这对他的工作帮助很大。这里指在过去某段时间内发生过的事，在陈述一件过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态，故答案为D。9.Despitetheheavysnowoutsideyesterday，everybodyinthecompanytheirdailytasksasusual.A.broughtabout B.worriedaboutC.caredabout D.wentabout答案D10.Nicholaswasverykind，mercifulandgenerous.ThisisFatherChristmasisbasedon.A.where B.howC.what D.why答案C解析句意为：尼古拉斯特别和善、慈爱、慷慨。这就是圣诞老人的由来。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语，故选C。Ⅱ.阅读理解AEPPortableHeaterWeallknowthatthecostofheatingourhomeswillcontinuetobeasignificantburdenonthefamilybudget.NowmillionsofpeoplearesavingontheirheatingbillswiththeEPPortableHeater.Withoveronemillionsatisfiedcustomersaroundtheworld，thenewEPheatsbetterandfaster，savesmoreonheatingbills，andrunsalmostsilent.TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafire.TheoutsideofEPonlygetswarmtothetouchsothatitwillnotburnchildrenorpets.TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withotherheaters，you’llnoticethatyougetsleepywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.TheadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly，walltowallandfloortoceiling.Itcomfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaofafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEP，thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.TheEPcomeswitha3-yearwarranty(保修)anda60-day，noquestionsasked，satisfactionguarantee.Ifyouarenottotallysatisfied，returnitatourexpenseandyourmoneywillbegivenbacktoyou.Nowwehaveaspecialofferfor10days，duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfpricediscountandafreedelivery.Ifyouorderafterthat，wereservetherighttoeitheracceptorrejectorderrequestsatthediscountedprice.Takeactionrightnow!语篇解读这是一篇广告类阅读。文章介绍了一种新型的便携式暖风机。与其他的暖风机相比，它有许多优点。作者写这篇文章的目的是让读者买他们的产品。11.WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph2?A.TheheatoftheEP. B.ThesafetyoftheEP.C.TheappearanceoftheEP. D.ThematerialoftheEP.答案B解析段落大意题。由其次段的内容可知，这种暖风机不会引起火灾，且EP的表面不会烫伤孩子和宠物，明显是在讲它的平安性，故选B。12.Fromthepassage，wecanlearnthattheEP.A.doesn’tburnupoxygen B.runswithoutanynoiseC.makespeoplegetsleepy D.isunsuitableforchildrenandpets答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.”可知，这种EP暖风机是不会消耗氧气的，故选A。B(2024·江苏高三其次次百校联考)I’m47yearsold.Twodaysago，yousentmeanemail，whichIdidnotanswer.Ididn’tanswerit，inpart，becauseIam47yearsold.Ialmostansweredyouremailbeforebedtime，whichiswhenIhaveoftenansweredemails.Mylaptopwasputonmybedsidetable.Myhusbandsatonhissideofthebed，andheleanedbackandaskedmeifI’dgivenanythoughttowhetherthechickenswouldneedtobekeptawayfromtheappletreesafterhesprayedthemwithsomethingtokeepthebugsaway.Wemovedontothechildren’smathgrades，thentothewaytheyjusttaketheirsocksoffandleavethem，insideout，nomatterwheretheyare.IlookedattheclockandsawthatitwasnotasearlyasI’dthought，notforalotofthings，andsoweturnedoffthelight，andIdidnotansweryouremail.Youremailsatamongemailsfrombossesandeditorsandorthodontistsallthroughthenextworkday.Mychildrenwereatschool，andIhadnotyetmanagedtowrite300wordsninemoretimes.Ithoughtaboutansweringyouremailintheafternoon，whilemyolderdaughterandIwaitedoutsidetheschoolforhersistertofinishapianolesson.Mydaughterprobablywouldnothaveminded.Sheisalmost13，andsometimes，whenshesitsinthehousetextingwhileItrytotalktoher，IsprayherwiththebottleIkeeponthecountertospraythecatswhentheystartscratchingthebackofthesofa.Icouldhaveansweredyouremailthen.Iadmitit.Wecouldhavesatthere，inpeacefulsilence，eachstaringatourphones.Ihadtimetoansweryouremail，andIdidnot.Isnuggled(依偎)myyoungestsonatbedtimethatnight，becauseheasked.Isnuggledhimeventhoughyouremailwascalling，andsomepartofmewantedtopullawayfromthetediumofbedtimeandreply.Replyingwouldhavefeltfreshandnew，whilebedtimefeltoldandstale.IwouldliketosayIsnuggledmysonanddidnotgiveyouremailonesinglethought，butthatwouldnotbetrue，anditwouldalsoberude，eventhoughitisastateofmindtowhichmanyofusaspire.Instead，Ihovered(悬停)somewherebetweenpresenceinthebedtimemomentandawarenessofyouremailandmanyothers.Ispendalotoftimeinthatgap，sometimesdraftingmentalresponsestoemails，whichIamlatersurprisedandsadtofindIhavenotactuallysent.ItispossiblethatIwillansweryouremaillater，inafewhours，orinafewyears，maybewhenIam57，andIwillbesohappytohaveyouremail.Wewilltradewords，andthosewordswillagainseemsorealtome，awholeworldinmylaptop，whereIlive，sometimes，becausethereissomuchthatisattractiveinthere，wheretimemovesfastandyetnevermovesatall.IwilltakemylaptopoutsideandIwillsitamongthetrees，listeningforthevoicesofchildrenwhoarenolongerathome，andIwillansweryouremail.ItisalsopossiblethatIwillnot—thatI，infact，willneveransweryouremail.Ifthatisthecase，ifthepeopleandtheplacesandthethingsaroundmestillpressuponmewithmoreurgencythanyouremailandsomanyothers，Ihopethatyouwillforgiveme.Ihavealreadyforgivenmyself.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述的是关于不回复邮件的种种缘由。)13.Whydoestheauthormentionchickensandthechildren’smathgrades?A.Becausedailyroutinestookupmostofhertime.B.Becauseshewastroubledbymanyunimportantthings.C.Becauseshewasmoreconcernedaboutherfamily.D.Becausesheoftenputoffansweringemailtillbedtime.答案C解析推理推断题。依据其次段中的“askedmeifI’dgivenanythoughttowhetherthechickenswouldneedtobekeptawayfromtheappletrees...”和第三段中的“Wemovedontothechildren’smathgrades，thentothewaytheyjusttaketheirsocksoffandleavethem，insideout，nomatterwheretheyare.”可知，作者提到鸡和孩子们的数学成果是因为她更关切她的家庭。故选C。14.Whatcanbelearntfromtheauthor’sdescriptionofherdaughter?A.Theauthorusedtoansweremailswhilewaitingforherdaughter.B.Theauthorwouldratherplaywithherdaughterthanansweremails.C.Theauthoranddaughterslikedtousetheirphonesalone.D.Theauthorregrettedthetimespentonthephone.答案B解析推理推断题。依据第四段中的“Mydaughter...IsprayherwiththebottleIkeeponthecountertospraythecatswhentheystartscratchingthebackofthesofa.Icouldhaveansweredyouremailthen.Iadmitit.Wecouldhavesatthere，inpeacefulsilence，eachstaringatourphones.Ihadtimetoansweryouremail，andIdidnot.”可知，作者宁愿和女儿一起玩也不愿回复电子邮件。故选B。15.Whattonedoestheauthoruseintalkingaboutansweringemailsaftersnugglingherson?A.Humor. B.Embarrassment.C.Apology. D.Happiness.答案A解析推理推断题。依据第五段中的其次、三、四句可知，作者用的幽默的语气。故选A。16.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytellus?A.Learntoforgiveyourselffornotansweringemailsintime.B.Theworldoutsideissoattractivethatweshouldenjoyitnow.C.Iwillsurelyansweremailswithoutchildrenaround.D.Answeringemailsisathingofurgency.答案C解析段落大意题。依据最终两段内容尤其是倒数其次段中的“IwilltakemylaptopoutsideandIwillsitamongthetrees，listeningforthevoicesofchildrenwhoarenolongerathome，andIwillansweryouremail.”可知，作者肯定会在没有孩子的状况下回复邮件。故选C。Ⅲ.完形填空(2024·金陵、海安、南京外国语学校四模)Tothisday，Iremembermymum’sletters.Itall17inDecember1941.EverynightshewrotetomybrotherJohnny，whohadbeen18thatsummer.WehadnotheardfromhimsincetheJapaneseattackedPearlHarbor.Mumclaimedthattherewasadirect19fromthebraintothewrittenwordthatwasjustasstrongasthelightGodhasgrantedus.Shetrustedthatthislightwould20Johnny.Idon’tknowifshesaidthatto21hermindorallofours.ButIdoknowthatithelpedus22together，andonedayaletterfromJohnnyreallydidarrive.Johnnywasaliveonanisland.Ihadalwaysbeenamusedbythefactthatmum23herletters，“CeciliaCapuzzi”，andI24heraboutwhyshedidn’tjustwrite“Mum”.Ihadn’tbeenawarethatshe25thoughtofherselfasCeciliaCapuzzi，notasMum.Ibeganseeingherinanewlight，thissmall26yetstrongwoman.Weoftensatrecallingthedayswhenourfamilywasfilledwithlaughteroffourboys.Theyhadallmovedawayfromhometowork，enrolledinthe27，orgotmarried.Allexceptme.AroundnextspringMumhadgottwomoresonsto28.Littlebylittle，therumouraboutMum’sletters29.Onedayasmallwomanknockedatourdoor.Sheopenedherbagand30apileofairmailletters，beggingMumtoreadthemfromhersonwhowasasoldierinEurope.Mumreadthelettersonebyone.Thewoman’seyes31withtears.Afewdayslaterthewomanreturnedwithafriend，thenanotheroneandyetanotherone—theyallneededletters.Mumhadbecomethe32inourtown.“Allpeopleinthisworldareherewithoneparticular33，”Mumsaid.“34，mineistowriteletters.”Shetriedtoexplainwhyit35hersomuch.“Aletter36peoplelikenothingelse.Itcanmakethemcry，itcanmakethemlaughanditmakestheworldseemverysmall.Mydear，aletterislifeitself！”17.A.gathered B.disappearedC.started D.happened答案C解析gather聚集；disappear消逝；start起先；happen发生。句意为：事情要从1941年12月说起。故C选项切题。18.A.called B.draftedC.arrested D.trained答案B解析call呼叫；draft征兵