2021年上海市初三中考冲刺阅读专题讲义-完型填空 (教师版)

英语学科讲义完型填空完型填空

知识梳理：完型填空专项训练考查能力：逻辑推理能力：完形填空对篇章逻辑推理能力的考查主要表现在考生能否根据句中，句间甚至是整篇文章的逻辑关系，比如因果、转折、并列等关系，选出正确选项。主要包括以下几个方面：句中逻辑推理能力句间逻辑推理能力篇章逻辑推理能力篇章原词重现词汇辨析能力：词汇辨析能力的考查主要集中在名词，动词，形容词和副词上，选项往往以同义词，近义词，反义词或拼写相近容易混淆词的形式出现。其中，由于篇章中会带有作者主观的意识，因此在形容词或者副词的考查上会出现感情色彩的辨析。主要包括以下几个方面：同、近义或者反义辨析词的感情色彩语法知识掌握能力：语法知识的考查主要体现在某些常见的语法结构和固定句式当中。主要包括以下几个方面：语法知识运用能力固定短语搭配和句式背景文化知识掌握能力：在完形填空中有时渗着相关的文化背景和生活常识等方面的知识。在做题时，要积极调动自己的跨文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异。背景文化知识掌握能力解题技巧：1)通读全文，仔细阅读文章，把握语篇大意，顾及文章的整体性和合理性。2）选项相仿时，切勿主观臆断，联系上下文，选择最佳答案。3）检查是否逻辑合理，语法无误。典题分析：1.联系上下文，结合语境，定位正确选项。联系上下文，选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题最常用的方法之一。在做完型填空时，有些选项的答案从语法角度来讲可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应该细读上下文，正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。【经典例题1】WhatdoIrememberaboutmychildhood?Thereweregoodthingsandbadthings.Weusedtolive_________,andmyparentsalwaysgotupearlyinthemorningtofeedthecowsandsheep. A.inatown B.onafarm C.onabusystreet D.inacity【解析】本段主要讲作者回忆儿童时代所居住的地点。从四个选项来看都是可能的，语法上都说得通。但通过下文myparentsalwaysgotupearlyinthemorningtofeedthecowsandsheep“我父母总是很早起来喂牛羊”,提示我们作者生活在农村。正确答案是B。【经典例题2】Idashedtothefrontdoorandbanged(大声敲)onitloudly.“Who’sthere?”Iheard.“It’sBilly!Letmein!”Thevoicebehindthe_________answered,“Billydoesn’tlivehereanymore,heranawayfromhome.”A.house B.tree C.door D.yard【解析】联系上文，中文章里多次提到“door”。根据上文中“Idashedtothefrontdoorandbangedonitloudly.”可以得知作者冲过去敲门，那么答应声当然是从门后传来的。故选择C。2.根据词汇的辨析和词组的搭配来解题在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。在做此类题目时，必须要在特定的语境中选择最佳、或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选项。在做首字母填空时，尤其应注意空格所缺单词的词性及固定搭配。【经典例题1】Onthetrain,Tomwaslooking_____1____forhisticketbecausetheconductorwascoming_____2_____tohisticket.1)A.out B.forward C.anywhere D.everywhere2)A.down B.up C.in D.on【解析】第一空格指“汤姆在火车上到处寻找火车票”，因此选D，词组lookout=becareful,“小心；当心”，lookforwardto“期待”,lookfor“寻找”，anywhere常用于否定句和疑问句中；第二空格意为“列车员上前查票”，“走到某人面前”词组为comeuptosb,固定搭配，所以正确答案是B。【经典例题2】AJapanesemanageroncesaidhehimselfandhisworkerswouldallstandwhiletheywerehavingmeetings.Doyou__________whathemeans? A.think B.guess C.know D.understand【解析】本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着的问题。本题问的是“你知道他说话的含义么？”。从四个选项来看，A和B放入句中意思不通，而C和D两个答案很接近。D选项强调理解他的意思，从上文句子看当然很好理解这句话讲述了什么故事。但是其中的含义就不知道了。因此选项C才是最合适的。【经典例题3】“Isn’titaniceday?”“Doyou_____1_____itwillrain?”“Ithinkit’sgoingtorain.”Thesearethecommonwaysof_____2_____conversation.1）A.think B.see C.say D.feel2)A.start B.begin C.talking D.starting【解析】1)应选A。从后面的句子Ithink…就能判断出A是准确答案。2)当同学们看到conversation会考虑到startconversation,但这时一定要注意介词of后应跟动名词starting,所以答案应是D。【经典例题4】“Youshouldn’twhatpeoplesayaboutwhatyoulooklikebecausewe’renotdifferentfromanyoneelse,Holly,”A.writedown B.agreewith C.passon D.listento【解析】D。短语词义辨析。根据whatpeoplesayabout（人们说什么），可知是不要‘听’，因此选项D正确。A.writesown记下B.agreewith同意 C.passon传递，均不符合语境。3.利用逻辑关系解题利用逻辑关系是完型填空命题设计过程中用得较多的方法之一。解这类题目时需要我们多注意周围生活常识、行文的脉络及句子之间的转承关系。【经典例题1】TheEnglishlanguagehasnowbecomeaninternationallanguagebecauseitiswidelyusedinmostcountiesintheworld._________youwanttodobusinesswithforeigners,youhavetolearnEnglish,formostofthemspeakandwriteEnglish. A.As B.If C.So D.Since【解析】本段主要将是英语语言在世界上被广泛地运用，后面一句是举例说明。假如你想跟外国人做生意，你就必须学英文，因为他们大多数人讲英文。两句句子是论点和论据的关系，论据部分用了假设的条件关系。因此，在理清句子之间的脉络之后，很容易知道应选B。【经典例题2】Apairofglovesmaybea_________thing,butitcanmakeabigdifferenceinwinter.A.small B.useful C.helpful D.cheap【解析】考查句中的逻辑推理能力。后半句有but转折，且有“makeabigdifference”，根据转折的逻辑关系可推知选A.small。【经典例题3】Here,mymother_________inherbedroomwindowandwroteinherdiary.A.lay B.play C.stood D.sat【解析】D。考查句中并列逻辑关系推理能力。该句中的and体现了前后两个动作的并列关系，依据这个逻辑关系，能与wrote这个动作构成并列关系的，只有sat最为合适：在这里，母亲坐在她的卧室窗户旁，写日记。【经典例题4】Lisawasoneofthemobile(流动的)children,_____1_____fromhousetohouseinchildhood.Shelongsforasenseof_____2_____,andsowehavecometoNovaScotiawheremyhusbandandIwerebornandwhereourancestors41for200years.A.passed B.raised C.moved D.sentA.home B.duty C.reality D.relief【解析】考查句间的逻辑推理能力。前句的关键词themobilechildren,和fromhousetohouse，可以得推测出第一题答案是C。再根据Lisa从小居无定所，可以推测出结论：她应该是渴望有家的感觉，根据这两者间的因果关系，得出第二题正确答案为A。4.利用语法和句型解题这类题目主要考查学生在一定语境中运用语法知识和识别句型的能力。由于学生对这类选项把握较大，因此这类题型的数量越来越少。【经典例题1】KarlLandsteinerfirstthoughtofnamingbloodtypesin1900.He________fourtypes.A.makebloodintoB.putbloodintoC.keepbloodintoD.storebloodas【解析】做这题时，好多同学吃不准应用哪一个搭配，但只要你仔细辨别，不难发现这四个选项看起来都是动词原形，但其中B项的动词put过去式、过去分词是同一单词，而这个选项的时态应该是过去时，所以B是正确答案。【经典例题2】Theearthisourhome.Wemusttakecareofit.Lifetodayiseasierthanitwas___________yearsago,butithasbroughtsomenewproblems. A.hundred B.hundredsof C.hundredof D.hundreds【解析】答案是B。此句考查的是数词的用法。表示具体几百时，应是“基数词+hundred”；表示成百上千时，用“hundredsof”.【经典例题3】___________itwasgettingdark,shesawasmall,darkwoodenhouse.A.When B.Until C.If D.Because【解析】A。考查状语从句。由句意可知所填词引导时间状语从句，引导词意思是：当……的时候，选A。【经典例题4】Youcan’tblameothers___________youstartwithyourself.A.although B.if C.when D.unless【解析】D。考查状语从句。由句意：除非你从自己开始反思，否则你不能责备他人。强化练习：(基础篇)B.Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)(12分)MyhusbandBill,wasdiagnosedwithcancer(癌症).Overthecourseofsevenmonths,hewentfrombeatingmesillyattennistoneedingmyhelptogotothebathroom.Itwasthebestsevenmonthsofmylife.MaybeIdon’t75meanthat,butitwascertainlythetimewhenIfeltmostalive.Ihadbecomearespectedprofessor,andaresponsiblewife.Duringthosesevenmonths,Icametounderstandthatnothingwould76morethanwhatIhaddonetomyhusband.WhenIcouldn’tsleepatnight,Iprayed(祈祷)toGod.ThenIbeganprayingitdailyevenifIhadnodifficultysleeping,which77mybreathingandcalmedmymind.Duringhislastweek,arelativevisited.Inoticedthatshe’dchangedherappearance,butinafunnyway.Itwasthekindof78Ikepttomyself.Aftersheleft,BillvoicedexactlywhatI’dbeenthinking,inthattruthfulwayhehad,andIfoundmyselflaughingoutinmyheart.Icouldlivewiththisman,evenneedingasmuchcareashedoes,forthenext40years,Ithought.79,hewouldbedeadverysoon.Iwillneveragainhavethathighapurposeinmylife.Iwilltrytobealittlelessunhappy,andalittlemore80forthesmallmomentsinlife.IamabetterpersonforcaringforBill.Itwashislast,bestgifttome.75.A)completely B)hardly C)actually D)carefully76.A)care B)matter C)change D)cost77.A)slowed B)increased C)held D)took78.A)jokes B)friends C)work D)thought79.A)Luckily B)However C)Instead D)Finally80.A)sorry B)excited C)thankful D)worried(2)Mostfilmssetinspaceareusuallyhorrorfilmsandincludealiensintheirstory.Gravity(地心引力)isdifferentandfocusesonthehumandrama75.Thefilm’sspecialeffectsaresoamazingthatitiseasytobelievethatGravityreallywasfilmedinspace.IttookmorethanthreeyearsforaBritishteamtocreatealloftheseeffects.Wefirstmeetthe76outsideoftheirspaceshiponaspacewalk.DrStone,astrong-mindedmotherwhosedaughterdiedinanaccident,isonherfirstjourneyintospaceandisjoinedbyMattKowalski,anexperiencedastronaut.KowalskimakesjokesandtellsstoriesabouthislifetohelpDrStonefeellessnervousaboutbeinginspace.Theastronautsaresoon77thatpiecesofadamagedsatelliteareflyingintheirdirection.Theirspaceshipissoonhitanddestroyed.DrStoneisknockedintospace.Itseemsthatshewilldiethere.Thefastmovingcameraworkandlosing78withtheEarthmakeseverythingevenscarier(恐怖的).79,KowalskisavesDrStoneandtheydecidetogotothenearbyInternationalSpaceStationandseeiftheirescapevehiclecanbeusedtoreturntotheEarth.Onthejourney,theyhavetroubleandareabouttolosetheirlivesinspacetogether.KowalskiallowshimselftofloatawaytosaveDrStone.FromhereDrStoneisaloneandthefilmexploreswhethersheisstrongenoughtostayalive,orwantto.Gravityisapowerfulfilmaboutawoman’sjourneyina(n)80place.Youwillfinditworthwatchingbecauseitisnotonlyinterestingbutalsomoving.75.A)still B)yet C)instead D)perhaps76.A)characters B)directors C)actors D)fans77.A)agreed B)warned C)shown D)telephoned78.A)energy B)patience C)sight D)contact79.A)Finally B)Recently C)Luckily D)Immediately80.A)dark B)lonely C)horrible D)empty(3)Ithappenedonespringmorning.Iwokeupandwentdownstairs.MymumaskedmeifIwantedsomeorangejuice.“Yes,thanks,”Ireplied,butmyvoicehadchanged!Itsoundedverydeep.Iwasquite75,andsowasthedog!Butmymumjustsmiledandsaid,“Oh,that’sjustyourvoicebreaking.”Breaking?Thatdidnotsoundgood!Soatschoolthatday,Iaskedmybiologyteacherwhatwashappening.“Don’tworry.It’s76common!”shesaid.“Soundismadebythemouthastheairis77outthroughthevoicebox,whichisintheneck.Asyougrowolder,thevoiceboxgrowslargerandthicker.Whenyouareateenager,therecanbea78.”“Butmysisterisolderthanme,andhervoiceisstillthesame,”Isaid,alittle79.“Thechangeisbiggerinboys,soyounoticeitmore.Girls’voicesonlychangealittle,soitishardtotellthe80.”NowIlikemynewvoice.Butthedogstillisnotsure!A)excited B)embarrassed C)surprised D)satisfiedA)especially B)probably C)hardly D)completelyA)pushed B)turned C)taken D)pickedA)commonmistake B)suddenchange C)similarexperience D)slowprocessA)angry B)confused C)calm D)frightenedA)truth B)reason C)secret D)difference(4)TheThanksgivingturkeyisthecauseofstressforme.Ihave75itasanenemyonThanksgiving.OvertheyearsIhadtriedjusteverymethodofcookingtheturkey.WhenIjustgotmarriedItriedthetraditionalpanroastingmethod.ButIforgottobuymyturkey76thedaybeforeThanksgiving.AndIboughtabigonebecauseIwantedtobesuretohaveenoughturkeyforeveryone.Unfortunately,itwasn’tthawed(解冻)bythetimeIneededtocookit.Iendedupwithadryturkeyovercookedontheoutsideandrarelydone77.AndIhadlotsandlotsofleftoverturkeybecausenobodylikedit.ThefollowingyearIwasbusywithababy.SoagainIforgottobuymyturkeyintimetogetit78thawed.IhadtobeupmostofthenightbeforeThanksgivingrunningcoldwaterovermyturkeytogetitthawed.TheturkeyendedupturningoutokeybutIwassotiredandsleepybythetimeIserveddinner.ThenextyearIgotamethodofcookingturkeyfromlocalradioinearlyNovember.Iwas79togiveitatry.Makingthatturkeywasliketakingcareofababyfornearlytwodays.Iwassopleasedwiththatturkey.Ithoughtitwasgoingtobethebesttastingturkeyeversinceitwasthemost80Ieverputinmakingturkey.Butthatdidn’thappen.Nobodylikedtheflavouroftheturkey.Idecidednottomakeonethisyear.Butmyfamilythoughtitwasn'tThanksgivingwithoutturkey.TheThanksgivingturkeyhasbeenayearlyjokeatourhouseandwhenIdon’tmakeonethereisnothingtocomplainabout.75.A)visited B)considered C)heard D)told76.A)before B)after C)until D)since77.A)onthesurface B)onthetop C)atthebottom D)inthemiddle78.A)completely B)carefully C)easily D)slowly79.A)afraid B)responsible C)surprised D)ready80.A)money B)work C)power D)water参考答案：Keys1:75.C76.B77.A78.D79.B80.CKeys2:75.C76.A77.B78.D79.C80.BKeys3:75.C76.D77.A78.B79.B80.DKeys4:75.B76.C77.D78.A79.D80.B小结：完型填空答题原则：1．首句重读原则“首句重读”指首句需重点阅读。首句很多情况是Topicsentence(主题句)，会透露文章背景和主旨。首句一般不设空，若设空，则需重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。例子关联原则例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的，但例子与例子间有时会有正反对比关系或者平行并列关系。最佳适用原则场景匹配原则5.平行并列原则完形填空文章很多时候是围绕一个话题展开，每个段落有的时候发展模式都是差不多的，前面提到如果首句设空，除了关注到后面的例子，还可以关注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。类似的如果某段末句设空也可以关注下面一段的末句。课后作业：(提高篇)2020杨浦一模Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Haveyouevertriedplayingthekindofvideogamesthatyourparentsplayed?TheMuseumofScienceinManchester,intheUK,hasheldanexhibitionforthelastfewyears,whichinvitesvisitorstodo___50___that.Itoffersthemthechancetoplaygamesfromthelast40years,invarioussessionsthroughouttheday.Thesevideogamesessionshavenowbecomeoneofthemainattractionsofthemuseum.Theyarefullofpeopleeveryday,playingawiderangeofgames.However,visitorsoftenchoosetheonesthey’re___51___.Forparents,forexample,theseareusuallythegamestheyusedtoplayintheirchildhood.There’salsoa(n)___52___purposetothegames.Forinstance,someoldtypesofcomputer,datingback40years,arealsoavailableinthesessions.Theywereoriginallyusedinclassroomstoteachpupilstowritetheirwoncomputerprograms.Andatthetime,ithelpedlotsofyoungpeopletodothat.Now,themuseumisholdingworkshopsthatencouragechildrentolearnsimilarskills--andthey’restillverypopular.Theexhibitionalsoshowshowmuch___53___technologyhasmadeoverthelast40years.Parentscanoftenrememberplayingverysimplegames.Butthegamesthatareplayedtodayaremorecomplex.Theyhavebetterstory-linesandanimation,too.Andtheplayersalsohavetousemuchmorecomplicatedtechniques.____54____,oneserioussideoftheexhibitionisthatorganisersalsowanttoshowthatvideogamingisanimportantindustry,employingmanyskilledpeople.Sotheyhopetheexhibitionwill___55___thismessage.Thatway,peoplewhoenjoygamingwillalsounderstandallthehardwork,talent,imaginationthatgoesintocreatingtheseamazinggames.50.A.especially B.exactly C.directly D.mainly51.A.readyfor B.poorat C.connectedto D.familiarwith52.A.dramatic B.official C.historical D.educational53.A.response B.progress C.knowledge D.impression54.A.However B.Therefore C.Infact D.Inconclusion55.A.link B.check C.share D.record【答案】50.B51.D52.D53.B54.A55.C【解析】本篇文章难度中等偏上，主要介绍英国的曼彻斯特博物馆过去几年展览过去的游戏并且非常受欢迎。并且讲述它的三个意义：一、具有教育的意义；二、科技在过去的四十年已经取得了重大的进步；三、向人们展示游戏也是一个重要的产业。【50题详解】句意：过去几年，英国曼彻斯特的科学博物馆举办了一场展览，邀请参观者亲身体验。especially特别地；exactly正是，恰好地，正确地，精确地；directly直接地；mainly主要地。根据Itoffersthemthechancetoplaygamesfromthelast40years,invarioussessionsthroughouttheday“它让他们有机会在一天中的不同时段玩过去40年的游戏”可知，表示人们可以真正地打游戏，故选B。【51题详解】句意“然而游客经常选择他们熟悉的游戏”。bereadyfor为……做准备；bepoorat不擅长……；beconnectedto与……有关联；befamiliarwith熟悉。根据Forparents,forexample,theseareusuallythegamestheyusedtoplayintheirchildhood“例如，对于父母来说，这些通常是他们在童年时经常玩的游戏”可知，表示“选择他们熟悉的游戏”，故选D。【52题详解】句意：游戏还有教育目的。dramatic戏剧的；official官方的；historical有关历史的；educational教育的。根据Theywereoriginallyusedinclassroomstoteachpupilstowritetheirwoncomputerprograms“它们最初被用在教室里，教学生编写他们的计算机程序”可知，表示游戏具有教育目的，故选D。53题详解】句意：这次展览还展示了过去40年来科技的进步response响应，回答；progress进步，进展；knowledge知识；impression印象。根据Parentscanoftenrememberplayingverysimplegames.Butthegamesthatareplayedtodayaremorecomplex“父母们能够经常记得他们玩非常简单的游戏，但是如今玩的游戏更加复杂”可知，表示科技取得重大进步，故选B。【54题详解】句意：然而，展览的一个严肃的方面是，组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业，它雇佣了许多技术人员。however然而（表示转折）；therefore因此；infact事实上；inconclusion总而言之。根据全文可知，讲述了这次展览具有教育目的以及向我们展示在过去的四十年中科技的进步，所以这里表示转折，表示“组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业”，故选A。【55题详解】句意：所以他们希望这次展览将分享这个信息。link连接；check检查；share分享；record记录。根据oneserioussideoftheexhibitionisthatorganisersalsowanttoshowthatvideogamingisanimportantindustry,employingmanyskilledpeople“然而，展览的一个严肃的方面是，组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业，它雇佣了许多技术人员”可知，表示“分享这个信息”。故选C。【点睛】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。例如第2题。首先确定四个选项的含义，A.dramatic戏剧的；B.official官方的；C.historical有关历史的；D.educational教育的。再根据Theywereoriginallyusedinclassroomstoteachpupilstowritetheirwoncomputerprograms“它们最初被用在教室里，教学生编写他们的计算机程序”可知，表示游戏具有教育目的，故选D。2020嘉定一模B.Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Bookshavemagicalpower.Theycontainknowledgeandknowledgemakesourhumanbecomewiserandstronger.Betweentheirpages,readerscanbetransportedtoanywhereimaginableandbecomejustaboutanyone...oranytime.______50______,manychildrenallovertheworlddon’thaveaccesstobooks.Forseveralyearsnow,MariaKeller,ateenagerfromMinneapolis,Minnesota,hasbeentryingtochangethatfact.Whenshewas8yearsold,Mariaalreadylovedreading.Shealsonoticedthatsomeofherclassmatesdidn’treadasmuchasshedid.Whensheaskedhermotherwhythatwas,hermothersaidthattheymightnotbeableto___51___books.Mariahadneverthoughtofthis.Shecouldn’tbelievethatsomechildrendidn’thavebedtimestoriesreadtothem,andshebecame___52___tochangethis.Withhermother’shelp.Mariacreatedanon-profitorganizationwhichisdedicated（致力于）tocollectinganddistributingbookstochildren___53___DuringtheearlystagesofReadIndeed,MariasetthegoalofcollectinganddistributingImillionbooksbythetimeshewas18.Itdidn’ttakelongtoreachthatgoal.Uptillnow,shehascollectedover2.4millionbooksandhasshippedthemtomanystatesandcountriesaroundtheworld.Shesaid,“Icannotlivewithoutbooks.AsIcontinuemymission（使命）.Ihavelearnedthatthenumberofkidswhohavenobooksisinthehundredsofmillions.SoIjustcan’t___54___.evenafterreachingmyoriginalgoalof1millionbooks.”Sherecentlysetanewgoal:todistributedonationstokidsinneedineverystateintheUS,andeverycountryintheworld.Shekeepsrecordsofher___55___onalargemapatthewarehouse（仓库）whereherbooksarestoredandsorted.50.A.So B.However C.Afterall D.Instead51.A.choose B.afford C.share D.read52.A.excited B.used C.supposed D.determined53.A.insafety B.indanger C.inneed D.introuble54.A.setout B.giveup C.getoff D.takeup55.A.industry B.research C.progress D.study【答案】50.B51.B52.D53.C54.B55.C【解析】本文讲述玛利亚帮助贫困儿童读书的故事。【50题详解】句意：然而，全世界还有许多孩子没有机会读书。so所以；however然而；afterall毕竟；instead反而。第一段空格处前文讲述读书的带来的好处，空格后表示世界上还有一些孩子是没有机会读书的，上下文是转折关系，并且空格后有逗号，所以用转折关系连词however。故选B。【51题详解】句意：当她问她妈妈这是为什么，她的妈妈告诉她也许他们买不起书。choose选择；afford支付；share分享；read阅读。根据前文“Shealsonoticedthatsomeofherclassmatesdidn’treadasmuchasshedid”她注意到她的一些同学读的书没有她多，可推测是孩子不能支付买书的费用。故选B，【52题详解】句意：她不能相信一些孩子是没有睡前故事的，所以她决定要改变这个状况。excited兴奋的；used被用来；supposed假设；determined决定。become是系动词，后接形容词。根据前文“Shecouldn’tbelievethatsomechildrendidn’thavebedtimestoriesreadtothem”，可推测下文要表达的是她下定决心要改变它。固定搭配bedeterminedtodosth下定决心做某事。故选D。【53题详解】句意：在她妈妈的帮助下，玛利亚创建了一个零利润的机构，收集书籍和发放一些书籍给需要的孩子。insafety安全中；indanger危险中；inneed有需要；introuble麻烦中。根据文章的最后一段“Sherecentlysetanewgoal:todistributedonationstokidsinneedineverystateintheUS”，可知，她创建的机构是为了帮助有需要的孩子们。故选C。54题详解】句意：所以我不能放弃，甚至是在达到了我初始设定的100万本的这个目标后。setout出发；giveup放弃；getoff下车；takeup占据。根据前文“Ihavelearnedthatthenumberofkidswhohavenobooksisinthehundredsofmillions”，可推测，大概有1亿的孩子是没有书的，所以尽管在达到她初定的目标后，还不能放弃，还要继续。故选B。【55题详解】句意：她在储存书的仓库墙上的一张大地图记录了她的进展。industry工业；research研究；progress进展；study学习。根据空格后onamap，可推测在地图上记录她的进展，空格用progress符合句意。故选C。2020徐汇一模B.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):Couldyouimaginealibrarywhereyouborrowtools,appliancesandsportsgear(用具)?Asastudent,Sabrinacouldseethesimplesolutiontoaproblem—inordertoreducewasteandcreateagoodeffectonourenvironment,perhapsweshouldtrysharingthethingswehave.WhenshearrivedinBrisbanefouryearsago,Sabrinahadnothingwithherbutasuitcasefullofclothesandalaptop.Tostartsettlingin,sheaskedfriendsifshecouldborrowthethingssheneeded.Overtime,asshestartedtohavethingsofherown,shewould___50___themtoherfriendsinreturn.Shethencametotheconclusionthatwedon’tneedtoowneverysingletoolforeverysingle___51___,wejustneedtohavethem;weneedaplacewherewecanborrowwhatweneed—inotherwords,alibrary.SabrinadecidedtoputherideaintoactionandsotheBrisbaneToolLibrarywasborn.Withintwoyearsthetoollibraryhas