浙江省杭州市观成教育集团2023-2024学年八年级下学期英语期中试卷（含答案）

浙江省杭州市观成教育集团2023-2024学年八年级下学期英语期中试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、阅读理解（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。TinaSmithisa911operator(接线员).Shetakescallsandsendshelptothoseinneed.Shegotfourcallsthismorning.Name:WilliamWendleTelephone:780-374-596Age:36Place:NexttotheRiverOuseinNorfolk.IcanseethetownofKing'sLynnontheothersideoftheriver.I'minFerryRoadwithmyson.Problem:MysonFreddiefellintheriverandcannotgetout.Heisholdingontoaboat.Heisverycoldandtired.ItriedtogointohelpbutIdon'tswimverywell.Name:BrianMortonTelephone:781-293-745Age:48Place:Crossing4oftheM25nearthevillageofShorehamwithmyfriend.Problem:Idroveofftheroadandhitatreeaftertryingnottorunoveradog.Ibrokemyleg.Myfriend'sheadisbleeding.Name:AndreaShellyTelephone:781-003-578Age:78Place:Athomebymyselfinthehall.27MycroftStreet.Problem:Ifelldownthestairs(楼梯)andcan'tmovemylegs.Name:StevenCarterTelephone:784-384-924Age:33Place:AthomebymyselfandI'mupstairs.18SunderlandAvenue.Problem:Myhouseisonfire.Ican'tgetout.1．Whoisintheriver?A．WilliamWendle. B．BrianMorton.C．BrianMorton'sfriend. D．FreddieWendle.2．What'sthematterwithBrianMorton?A．Helosthisdog. B．Hebrokehisleg.C．Hisheadisbleeding. D．Hiscarisonfire.3．Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A．StevenCarterswimswell.B．AndreaShellyfelldownthestairs.C．WilliamWendleonceworkedinahospital.D．BrianMortonisinFerryRoadwithhisson.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。OneSundayevening,itwasquitedarkwhenoldStanleywentforawalk.Hewaswalkingalongthesidewalk.Suddenly,hesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed(速度).Itwasgoingtoofastandcrashed(冲向)intoaredcarinthestreetwherehewaswalking.Herantothecarstoseeifanyonewashurtandneededhelp.Thetwodriverswerearguing."Youcamearoundthecornertoofast,"onemansaid."No!"saidthedriverofthewhitecar."That'snottrue!Yourcarwasparkedinawrongplace."Stanleylistenedtotheirargumentandthensaidthewhitecardriverwaswrongtodrivetoofast.ThedriveroftheredcaraskedStanleytoshowhewasrightincourt(法庭).Stanleygavethedriverhisnameandtelephonenumber.NextThursdaymorning,Stanleywasaskedtogotothecourt.Thelawyer(律师)forthedriverofthewhitecaraskedhimalotofquestionsaboutwhathehadseen.ThenheaskedStanleyhowoldhewas."I'meighty-two."answeredStanley."Doyouusuallywearglasses?"askedthelawyer."Yes,Ido,"answeredStanley."Wereyouwearingthemonthenightoftheaccident?"thelawyerasked."No,"repliedStanley.Thenthelawyersaid,"Whyshouldthecourtbelieveyou?Youareeighty-twoyearsold,youwerenotwearingyourglasses,anditwasdark.Howfarcanyouseeinthedark?"Stanleythoughtaboutitforaminute."Well,"hesaid,"Whenit'sdark,Icanseethemoon.Howfarisit?"4．Thecauseoftheaccidentisthat____.A．theredcarparkedinawrongplaceB．thewhitecarwasgoingtoofastC．thedriversweresleepyD．Stanleywasintheirway5．What'sthecorrectorderofthestory?①Twodriversarguedwitheachotherafteranaccident.②Aredcarparkedonthestreet.③Stanleysawacaraccidentwhilehewaswalkingonadarkstreet.④Stanleygavehisnameandphonenumbertotheredcardriver.⑤ThelawyerquestionedStanley'swords.A．③①②④⑤ B．②③①④⑤ C．③②①⑤④ D．②①③④⑤6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"referto?A．Thewhitecar. B．Theredcar.C．Themoon. D．Theaccident.7．Wecanlearnfromthestorythat____.A．StanleyworeglasseswhentheaccidenthappenedB．thelawyerthoughtthatStanleycouldseeclearlyC．Stanleyrepliedthelawyer'squestioncleverlyD．Stanleywasnotabletoseethemoon阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。①It'seasytothink"thatwillneverhappentome,"butnaturaldisasters(灾难)arebecomingbothmorecommonandserious.Millionsoffamiliesfacefloods,tornadosandothernaturaldisasterseveryyear.InAustralia,forexample,itswildfiresfrom2021to2023werecausedbythehightemperatureandadrought(干旱),takingawaythelivesofhundredsofpeopleandbillionsofanimals.②Whileyoucan'tstopdisastersfromhappening,youcanstaysafeduringoneifyouknowwhattodo.Flood

③Floodscanhappenverysuddenly.Floodwatercanbedeeperthanitlooks.Itcancarryyouaway,sostayaway!Glass,snakes,anddirtythingscanbeinfloodwater.Theycanmakeyousick,sodon'tdrinkitevenifyouarethirsty.Tornado④Atornadohappensduringsomestorms.Ifthere'satornadowarning,gosomeplace,suchasasmallandsturdy(结实的)bathroom,whichissafefromthewindandflyingthings.Remembertokeepawayfromwindowsoranythingheavythatmightfallonyou.Getdownlowandcoveryourheadwithyourarms.Earthquake⑤Youcanstaysafeduringanearthquakebymovingawayfromthingsthatmightfall.Getdownundersomethingthat'sstrongifyoucan'trushoutofthebuildingrightaway.Protectyourneckandheadwithyourarm.Ifyou'reoutside,gotoanopenspace.Stayawayfromtreesoranythingthatmightfalloverandhurtyou.Bushfire

⑥Bushfires,alsoknownaswildfires,arecommonacrosstheworldduringthehottermonths.Itisimportantthatyoutrytostaycalminabushfire.Somefirescanstartsoquicklythattheythreaten(威胁)homesandliveswithinminutes,soyoursafestchoiceisalwaystoleaveearly.You'dbetterprepareanemergencysurvivalkitandhaveithandyatalltimes.⑦Noonewantstobecaughtinadangerousandextremesituation.Iftheunthinkabledoestakeplace,havingaplanandknowingwhattodocouldmakeallthedifferenceforyouandyourlovedones.8．ThewritermentionsAustralianwildfirestoshow____.A．anaturaldisasterwillneverhappentousB．thefirescancausethedeathofpeopleandanimalsC．thehightemperatureandadroughtmaycausewildfiresD．naturaldisastersarebecomingmoreandmoreserious9．Whendisastershappen,whatcanwedotokeepsafe?A．Wecandrinkfloodwaterifwearereallythirstywhenafloodhappens.B．Weshouldcoverourheadandstandstillwhenatornadocomes.C．Weshouldnotwaitforotherpeople'shelpinabushfire.D．Wecanstayunderthetreesaftergettingoutofbuildingsinanearthquake.10．What'sthestructureofthepassage?A．①/②/③④⑤⑥/⑦ B．①②③/④⑤⑥/⑦C．①/②③④⑤⑥⑦ D．①②/③④⑤⑥/⑦11．What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Tointroducedifferentkindsofnaturaldisastersaroundtheworld.B．Toshowustheimportanceofprotectingourselvesinnaturaldisasters.C．Totellussomewaystokeepsafeinnaturaldisasters.D．Toexplainwhynaturaldisasterswouldhappen.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。Doyoualwaysfeellonely?Whendoyoufeellonely?Islonelinessagoodfeeling?Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearehavingthiskindoffeelingintheirdailylife.Whensomeonefeelslonely,heorshewillhaveanexperienceofbeingalonebecauseoflowlevelsofsocialcontactandrelationships.Therearetwokindsofloneliness:emotionallonelinessandsocialloneliness.Emotionallonelinessisabouttherelationshipbetweenparentsandtheirchildren.Whenchildrenleavetheirparentsforawhiletheyusuallyshowthepain,suchascryingandtryingtosearchfortheirparents.Therefore,emotionallonelinessiscausedbyleavingapersonthatsomeoneiscloseto,suchasaparent.Ontheotherhand,sociallonelinessisthelonelinessthatoneexperienceswhenheorsheleavesawidesocialnetwork.Onedoesn'tfeelthatheorsheisamemberofagroup,oronedoesn'thavefriendstotalktowhenheorsheissad.Besides,lonelinessisdifferentfrombeingalone.Beingaloneisaboutnothavingcontactwithpeople.Butlonelinessisasubjectiveexperience:ifpeoplethinktheyarelonely,thentheyarelonely.Peoplecanbelonelywhentheyarealone,orinagroup.Whatmakespeoplelonelyisthefactthattheywantmoresocialinteraction.Peoplecanbeinagroupandfeellonelybecausetheydon'tgettotalktoenoughpeople.Ontheotherhand,onecanbealoneandnotfeellonely,thoughthereisnoonearoundhimorher.Thatpersonisnotlonelybecausemaybeheorshedoesn'twanttohavesocialinteractionatthattime.So,whataboutyou?Willyoufeellonelyifyoustayalone?Oryoujustenjoythetimebeingwithyourself.12．Whydidthewriterstartthepassagewithquestions?A．Toletreadersanswerthesequestions.B．Toaskformoreideasaboutloneliness.C．Tomakereadersinterestedinthepassage.D．Tocheckstudents'understandingofloneliness.13．Whataretheyincommon,apersonwithemotionallonelinessandonewithsocialloneliness?A．Theyhavenofriendstotalkto.B．Theyhaveasmallsocialnetwork.C．Theyhaveafeelingofbeinglonely.D．Theydon'tgetonwellwiththeirparents.14．Whatdoes"asubjectiveexperience"mean?A．Ahotsubject. B．Aperson'sownfeeling.C．Apaininthebody. D．Aperson'sspecialplan.15．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?（Nomorethan15words）二、阅读还原（满分10分）阅读下面的短文，从所给的选项中选择能填入空白处的最佳选项(有一项是多余选项)。Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.Butwhetheryoucandothiswelldependsonyourlearninghabits.Researchshowsthatsuccessfullearnershavesomegoodhabitsincommon.Creatinganinterestinwhattheylearn.Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething,yourbrainismoreactiveanditisalsoeasierforyoutopayattentionto(注意)itforalongtime.16．Forexample,iftheyneedtolearnEnglishandtheylikemusicorsports,theycanlistentoEnglishsongsorwatchsportsprogramsinEnglish.Thiswaytheywillnotgetbored.17．"Practicemakesperfect."Goodlearnerswillkeeppracticingwhattheyhavelearned,andtheyarenotafraidofmakingmistakes,AlexanderGrahamBelldidnotinventthetelephoneovernight.Hesucceededbytryingmanytimesandlearningfromhismistakes.Developingtheirstudyskills.Itisnotenoughtojuststudyhard.18．Forexample,theymaytakenotesbywritingdownkeywordsorbydrawingmindmaps.Theyalsolookforwaystoreview(预习)whattheyhavelearned.Theymaydothisbyreadingtheirnoteseverydayorbyexplainingtheinformationtoanotherstudent.Askingquestions.19．Theyevenaskeachotherandtrytofindouttheanswers.Knowledgecomesfromquestioning.Learningisalifelongjourneybecauseeverydaybringssomethingnew.Everythingthatyoulearnbecomesapartofyouandchangesyou.20．A.Itisagoodhabittolearnforalongtimeafterdoingsomeexercise.B.Practisingandlearningfrommistakes.C.Goodlearnersknowthebestwaytheycanstudy.D.Goodlearnersoftenaskquestionsduringorafterclass.E.Goodlearnerscanalwaysfindinterestingwaystolearn.F.So,beacleverlearner,andyouwillbecomeasuccessfullearner.三、英语知识运用，完形填空（满分15分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。Inmyearlychildhood,IwasoftensurprisedwhenIsawmyfathermakingasmallamountofmoneywithdifficulty.Beingachild,Iwas21．tounderstandhim.WhenIwasolder,myfatherstarteddoingapart-timejobathome.Heusedtobringsome22．backandworktilllatenight.Ican't23．heplayedwithmewhenIwas3or4yearsold.HetaughtmehowtoreadwhenIwas24．theageof5.HetookcareofmeallnightwhenIwassick.WheneverIfeltdown,hewould25．meup.Healso26．mylessonsandoftenhelpedmegetreadyforexaminations.LaterhesentmetoNewDelhiforthebesteducation.27．Ineededmoney,heneverrefused.He28．managedmoneyformystudies.Twoyearsago,IgotajobatahospitalinNewDelhi.WhenIgotmy29．salary(薪水)whichwasabouttentimesmorethanmypocketmoney.I30．itallonmyself.IboughtalotofthingswhichIhaddreamedofowningformanyyears.WhenIreturnedhomeonefinemorningIheardmyfather31．withoneneighbor.Hewastellinghimmysuccessinthejobvery32．.HealsotoldhimthatIhada33．salarythanhimattheendofhiswork.Adream,hissonshouldbecomebetterthanhimselfcametrue.Iwasunabletomoveonmyfeet.Past23yearsflashedintomymindinamoment.Iknewmyfatherlovedmeverymuch.Icouldunderstandthe34．myfathermadeinthepast.Hisgoalismakinghischildmoresuccessfulthan35．.21．A．able B．unable C．happy D．sorry22．A．food B．money C．chores D．work23．A．notice B．control C．forget D．remember24．A．at B．on C．in D．under25．A．call B．give C．cheer D．pick26．A．caredfor B．thoughtaboutC．cutout D．caredabout27．A．Whatever B．Whenever C．Whoever D．Wherever28．A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．never29．A．first B．second C．third D．last30．A．saved B．spent C．donated D．lost31．A．communicating B．arguingC．fighting D．discussing32．A．clearly B．carefully C．quietly D．proudly33．A．more B．less C．higher D．lower34．A．mistake B．choice C．decision D．mind35．A．myself B．himself C．itself D．yourself四、语法填空（满分10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Oneday,BillwenttothebeachwithhisfriendsJimandBob.Afterplayingforawhile,Billfellasleeponthecomfortablebeach.Afteranhour,hewokeup.Hefound36．(he)alonebecausehisfriendswereallplayingvolleyball.Billwalkedtowardsthemandbegantoplaywiththem.Bobhit37．balltoohardanditfellintothesea.JustwhileBob38．(run)topickuptheball,astrongwindblewitaway.Billwantedtoshowoff(炫耀)hisswimmingskills,39．hedecidedtogettheballbackforthem.Afterswimmingforabouttenminutes,Billbecametired.Herealizeditwasimpossibleforhim40．(get)theball.Buthetriedhisbesttoswimtoit.Atthatmoment,someblack41．(cloud)appearedinthesky.Oh,42．strangeweatheritwas!Itstartedtorainreallyhard.Itwasthe43．(heavy)sofarthisyear.AtthattimeJimandBobwerequitesurprisedbecausetheycouldn'tseeBill.Theydidn'tjuststandonthebeachinsilenceanymore.Theyshouted44．help.45．(luck),ayoungmansavedBill.五、词汇应用（满分5分）用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，每个单词或短语仅用一次。giveaway;careful;compare;insilence;fall46．Itmakesmeupsetbecausemymotheralwaysmewiththebeststudents.47．Shallwesomethingswedon'tusetothepeopleinneed?48．WhenBonniefinishedtalking,webothsatforawhile.49．Thewindraisedtheleavesfromtheground.50．PleaseusetheInternetanddon'tspendtoomuchtime.六、根据下列句子及所给的首字母或汉语提示，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。（10分）51．Nowadays,childrenareundergreatpbecauseoftoomanyafter-schoolclasses.52．Canyouetomewhyyouwerelateagainthismorning?53．Theywerecshockedattheterriblenews.54．Thestudentssay,"Wemuststopofromcopyingothers'homework."55．Syourlikemeatverymuch,let'sordersomebeefandpork.56．WhenIheardmyname,myheartwas(跳动)soquicklythatIthoughtIwouldstopbreathing.57．Shecouldn'tspeakloudlybecauseofasoret(喉咙).58．Theboygothisleftarm(断的)whenplayingskateboardyesterday.59．Youdon'thavetobringyourlunchbecausetheschool(提供)deliciousfoodforyou.60．Topreparefortheimportantrace,theplayerswillhavesome(训练)inthenextfewweeks.七、书面表达（共1题，满分20分）61．假如你是美国来杭州的交换生Leo，现在居住在翠苑社区，你收到了来自翠苑社区居委会主任Tim的来信。请根据来信进行回复。DearLeo,Summerholidayiscoming,sostudentsarewantedtodosomevolunteerworkinCuiyuanCommunity.Whatdoyouthinkofvolunteerwork?Ifyouhaveachancetobeavolunteer,whatkindofvolunteerworkdoyouwanttodo?Besides,canyougivesomeadvicetochildreninourcommunityonhowtospendameaningfulandcolorfulholiday?Wesincerelyhopeyoucanjoinustogether.Yours,Tim注意：1)词数80左右。2)适当发挥，以使行文连贯。DearTim,Yours,Leo

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．B【解析】【分析】TinaSmith是911的接线员，她接电话并且给需要帮助的人提供帮助。本文是她记录的4篇介绍4个人出现的紧急情况。

【点评】考查阅读选择，注意做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。1．细节理解题。根据左侧第一个文章第一行SusanWendle苏珊文德勒，第七行Mysonfellintheriver.我的儿子掉进了水里。A项苏珊文德勒，不合题意，B项布莱恩·莫顿不合题意，C项苏珊文德勒的儿子，符合题意D项莱恩·莫顿的朋友，不合题意，故答案为：C。2．细节理解题。根据右侧第一个文章第九行Ibrokemyleg.Myfriend'sheadisbleeding.我摔坏了我的腿，我的朋友头流血了。可知他摔断了腿。故答案为：B。3．主旨大意题。根据左侧第二个文章第六行Ifelldownthestairsandcan'tmovemylegs.我从楼梯上摔了下来，腿不能动了，可知安德里亚·雪莉从楼梯上摔了下来。故答案为：B。【答案】4．B5．B6．C7．C【解析】【分析】文章讲述了82岁的斯坦利作为一场车祸的目击者，到法庭上作证而引发的法庭上的唇枪舌战。

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。4．细节理解题。根据第一段Suddenly,hesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed(速度).Itwasgoingtoofastandcrashed(冲向)intoaredcarinthestreetwherehewaswalking.(突然，他看见一辆白色汽车从拐角处高速驶来。它开得太快了，撞上了他正在走的街上的一辆红色汽车。)可知，事故发生的原因是白色的车子开得太快。故答案为：B。5．细节理解题。根据第一段OneSundayevening,itwasquitedarkwhenoldStanleywentforawalk.Hewaswalkingalongthesidewalk.Suddenlyhesawawhitecarcomingaroundthecornerathighspeed(速度).Itwasgoingtoofastandcrashed(冲向)intoaredcarinthestreetwherehewaswalking.(一个星期天晚上，老斯坦利出去散步时天已经很黑了。他正沿着人行道行走。突然，他看见一辆白色汽车从拐角处高速驶来。它开得太快了，撞上了他正在走的街上的一辆红色汽车。)可知，斯坦利看到事故发生时，红色汽车已经在路上停着了，所以②排在③前面；根据第二段Thetwodriverswerearguing.(两位司机在争论。)和第五段Stanleygavethedriverhisnameandtelephonenumber.(斯坦利给了司机他的名字和电话号码。)以及倒数第二段Thenthelawyersaid,"Whyshouldthecourtbelieveyou?Youareeighty-twoyearsold，youwerenotwearingyourglasses，anditwasdark.Howfarcanyouseeinthedark?"(然后律师说:"法庭为什么要相信你?你82岁了，你没有戴眼镜，天很黑。你在黑暗中能看多远?")可知，正确顺序为②③①④⑤。故答案为：B。6．词句猜测题。根据最后一段whenit'sdark,Icanseethemoon.(天黑的时候，我能看见月亮。)可知，it指的前文说到的月亮。故答案为：C。7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Thenthelawyersaid,"Whyshouldthecourtbelieveyou?Youareeighty-twoyearsold,youwerenotwearingyourglasses，anditwasdark.Howfarcanyouseeinthedark?"(然后律师说："法庭为什么要相信你?你82岁了，你没有戴眼镜，天很黑。你在黑暗中能看多远?")和最后一段Stanleythoughtaboutitforaminute."Well,"hesaid,"whenit'sdark.lcanseethemoon.Howfarisit?"(斯坦利想了一会儿。"嗯，"他说，"天黑的时候，我能看见月亮。还有多远?")可知，他说他能看到离得很远很远的月亮，所以能看清当时发生事故的情况，斯坦利巧妙地回答了律师的问题。故答案为：C。【答案】8．D9．C10．A11．C【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了在自然灾害中保证安全的方法。

【点评】考查阅读选择，注意做这类题，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项写出正确答案。8．细节理解题。根据第一段Millionsoffamiliesfacefloods，tornadoesandothernaturaldisasterseveryyear.InAustralia,forexample,itswildfresfrom2021to2023werecausedbythehightemperatureandadrought(干旱)，takingawaythelivesofhundredsofpeopleandbillionsofanimals.(每年有数百万家庭面临洪水，龙卷风和其它自然灾害。例如在澳大利亚，2019年至2020年的野火是由高温和干旱引起的，夺走了数百人和数十亿动物的生命。)可知作者提到澳大利亚的野火是为了告诉读者自然灾害变得越来越严重。故答案为：D。9．细节理解题。根据第六段Somefrescanstartsoquicklythattheythreaten(威胁)homesandliveswithinminutes,soyoursafestchoiceisalwaystoleaveearly.(一些火烧得很快，以至于可以在几分钟内威胁到房子和生命，所以你最安全的选择是早点离开。)可知当野火发生时你不应该等别人的帮助。故答案为：C。10．推理判断题。根据第一段举例介绍灾难带来的危害，第二段承上启下，第三至六段分别介绍如何在不同的灾害下保证安全，第七段总结。故答案为：A。11．目的意图题。根据第二段Whileyoucan'tstopdisastersfromhappeningyoucanstaysafeduringoneifyouknowwhattodo.(虽然你不能阻止灾难的发生，但如果你知道怎么做，你可以在灾难发生时保证安全。)可知本文主要介绍了在自然灾害中保证安全的方法。故答案为：C。【答案】12．C13．C14．B15．Ittellswhatlonelinessisandthekindsofloneliness.【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了孤独的概念和类型。

【点评】考查阅读选择，注意做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。12．推理判断题。根据第一段Doyoualwaysfeellonely?Whendoyoufeellonely?lslonelinessagoodfeeling?Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearehavingthiskindoffeelingintheirdailylife.(你总是感到孤独吗?你什么时候感到孤独?孤独是一种好感觉吗?现在越来越多的人在日常生活中有这种感觉。)可知，作者在文章开头提出的问题是为了使读者感兴趣。故答案为：C。13．推理判断题。根据第二段Therefore，emotionallonelinessiscausedbyleavingapersonthatsomeoneiscloseto,suchasaparent.Ontheotherhand,sociallonelinessisthelonelinessthatoneexperienceswhenheorsheleavesawidesocialnetwork.(因此，情感上的孤独是由离开一个亲近的人引起的，比如父母。另一方面，社交孤独是当一个人离开一个广泛的社交网络时所经历的孤独。)可知，两者都有一种孤独的感觉。故答案为：C。14．词句猜测题。根据第三段ifpeoplethinktheyarelonely,thentheyarelonely.(如果人们认为他们是孤独的，那么他们就是孤独的。)可知，孤独是一种主观体验。所以asubjectiveexperience意为"主观体验"。故答案为：B。15．细节理解题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了孤独的概念和类型。故答案为：Ittellswhatlonelinessisandthekindsofloneliness.【答案】16．E；17．B；18．C；19．D；20．F【答案】21．B；22．D；23．C；24．A；25．C；26．D；27．B；28．A；29．A；30．B；31．A；32．D；33．C；34．C；35．B【答案】36．himself；37．the；38．wasrunning；39．so；40．toget；41．clouds；42．what；43．heaviest；44．for；45．Luckily【解析】【分析】本文主要讲比尔和他的两个朋友去沙滩上踢球，比尔在试图捡回掉进海里的球时，下起了大雨，幸好被一位年轻男子救起。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意通读全文，了解文章大意，联系上下文，结合语境，完成试题。36．句意：他发现自己孤身一人，因为他的朋友都在打排球。根据主语He和句意，可知这里用he的反身代词himself"他自己"。故答案为：himself。37．句意：鲍勃把球打得太用力了，球掉到海里了。根据"Billwalkedtowardsthemandbegantoplaywiththem"可知，鲍勃把球打得太用力了，球掉到海里了，空处表示特指，故用定冠词the。故答案为：the。38．句意：就在鲍勃跑去捡球的时候，一股强风把球吹跑了。根据while"当…...的时候"和主句的blew，可知从句时态为过去进行时，主语为第三人称单数形式，故用was，run的现在分词形式为running。故答案为：wasrunning。39．句意：比尔想炫耀他的游泳技术，所以他决定替他们把球捡回来。根据空前后关系可知，空处表结果，用连词so。故答案为：so。40．句意：他意识到他不可能拿到球。Itis+形容词+forsbtodosth是固定句型，表示"做某事对于某人来说是怎样的"，故用动词get的不定式toget。故答案为：toget。41．句意：就在这时，天空中出现了一些乌云。some后跟cloud的复数形式clouds。故答案为：clouds。42．句意：哦，天气真奇怪啊!根据感叹号，可知为感叹句，strange"奇怪的"为形容词，weather为名词，it为主语，was为系动词，故这里符合感叹句句型：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词!，故答案为：what。43．句意：这是今年迄今为止雨下得最大的一次。根据定冠词the和was，可知这里用heavy的最高级heaviest。故答案为：heaviest。44．句意：他们大声呼救。shoutforhelp表示"呼喊着寻求帮助"。故答案为：for。45．句意：幸运的是，一个年轻人救了比尔。修饰整个句子，用luck的副词形式luckily"幸运的是"，位于句首，首字母需要大写。故答案为：Luckily。【答案】46．compares47．giveaway48．insilence49．fallen50．carefully【解析】【分析】giveaway赠送；泄露；分发；失去；careful仔细的；小心的；谨慎的；compare比较；insilence沉默地；无声地；fall落下；跌倒；下降；减少；属于（某范畴）；

【点评】考查选词填空，注意根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。46．句意：这让我很不安，因为我妈妈总是把我和最好的学生相比。根据Itmakesmeupset这让我很不安，可知是因为妈妈做了一些事使得我不安，再结合所给的词，应填，比较，compare比较。再根据mymotheralways我的妈妈总是，可知compare用三单形式，故答案为：compares。47．句意：我们应该把不用的东西送给需要的人吗？根据thingswedon'tuse不用的东西，可知是把不用的东西送给别人，giveaway赠送。空格前有助动词shall（应该），后接动词原形。故答案为：giveaway。48