考研真题历年英语二阅读2023

考研真题历年英语二阅读2023

考研真题历年英语二阅读2023

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考研真题历年英语二阅读1

Text4

Manypeopletalkedofthe288,000newjobstheLabor

DepartmentreporledforJure,alongwiththedropinthe

unemploymenttaketo6Jpercent,atgoodnews.Andtheywere

right.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsata

decentpace.Westillhavealongwaytogotogetbacktofull

employment,butatleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardat

afasterpace.

Howeverthereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicture

thatwastargelyovedookcd.Therewasabigjumpinthenumber

ofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigure

isnow830,000(4,4percent)aboveitsyearagolevel.

BeforeexplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itis

worthmakinganimportantdistinction.Manypeoplewhowork

part-timejobsactuallywantfull-timejobs.Theytake

千里之行，始于足下。

part-timeworkbecausethisisal1theycanget.Anincrease

ininvoluntarypart-timeworkisevidenceofweaknessinthe

labormarketanditmeansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingavery

hardtimemakingendsmeet.

Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,but

thegeneraldirectionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-time

employmentisstillfarhigherthanbeforetherecession,but

itisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagolevel.

Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntary

part-timeemploymentbecausepeopletel1us.Thesurveyused

bytheLaborDepartmentaskspeopleiftheyworkedlessthan

35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheanswerisyes.theyare

classifiedasworkingpart-time.Thesurveythenaskswhether

theyworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywanted

toworklessthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.They

areonlyelassifiedasvoluntarypart-timeworkersiftheytell

thesurveytakertheychosetoworklessthan35hoursaweek.

Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacare

becanseoneofthemainpurposeswastoallowpeopletoget

insuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople,especially

thosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymemberswith

serioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytoget

insurancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.

However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeople

toeithergetinsurancethroughMedicaidortheexchanges.

Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtoget

afull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordertocover

第2页/共15页

themselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisno

longeralinkbetweenemploymentandinsurance.

36.Whichpartofthejobspicturewasneglected?

A.Theprospectofathrivingjobmarket.

B.Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs.

C.Thepossibilityoffullemployment.

D.Theaccelerationofjobcreation.

37.Manypeopleworkpart-timebecausethey

A.preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobs

B.feelthatisenoughtomakeendsmeet

C.cannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs

D.haventseentheweaknessofthemarket

38.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentintheUS

A.ishardertoacquirethanoneyearago

B.showsageneraltendencyofdecline

C.satisfiestherealneedofthejobless

千里之行，始于足下。

D.islowerthanbeforetherecession

39.ItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare,.

A.itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsurance

B.employmentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsurance

C.itisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamily

members

D.full-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsurance

40.Thetextmainlydiscusses.

A.employmentintheUS

B.part-timerclassification

C.insurancethroughMedicaid

D.Obamacarestrouble

考研真题历年英语二阅读2

Text4

Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructure

contributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,

railways,broadbandandenergy.Housingisseldommentioned.

第4页/共15页

Whyisthat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshoulder

theblame.Wehavenotbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvalue

thathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Thenthereis

thescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.Itishardtoshove

forattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureproject,

soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.

Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehas

alwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.

Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationis

desperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearesimply

notbuildingenoughnewhomes.

Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunity

forthegovernmenttohelprectifythis.Itneedstoput

historicalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddress

oururgenthousingneed.

Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojust

that.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthat

GeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemore

flexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocal

authoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.

Evidenceshowsthat60,000extranewhomescouldbebuiltover

thenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDPby

0.6%.

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertainty

intherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificant

impactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnew

developmentsfromrevenues.

千里之行，始于足下。

Butitisnotjustdowntothegovernment.Whilethese

measureswouldbewelcomeintheshortterm,wemustfaceup

tothefactthattheexisting?4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofund

newaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2023,isunlikelyto

beextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecently

announcedthatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition's

spendingplansifreturnstopower.Thehousingsectorneeds

toacceptthatweareveryunlikelytoeverreturntoeraof

large-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischanging

climate.

36.Theauthorbelievesthatthehousingsector_

[A]hasattractedmuchattention

[B]involvescertainpoliticalfactors

[C]shoulderstoomuchresponsibi1ity

[D]haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

37.Itcanbelearnedthataffordablehousinghas_

[A]increaseditshomesupply

[B]offeredspendingopportunities

[C]sufferedgovernmentbiases

[D]disappointedthegovernment

第6页/共15页

38.AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay.

[A]allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

[B]stoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildinghomes

[C]preparetoreducehousingstockdebt

[D]releasealiftedGDPgrowthforecast

39.Itcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironment

would.

[A]lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders

[B]lessentheimpactofgovernmentinterference

[C]contributetofundingnewdevelopments

[D]relievetheministersofresponsibilities

40.Theauthorbelievesthatafter2023,thegovernment

may.

[A]implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing

[B]reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants

[C]renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme

千里之行，始于足下。

[D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector

考研真题历年英语二阅读3

Text4

Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,the

corporateworkplacewillneverbecompletelyfamily—friendly

untilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,and

Europe,stopcorporate-governancepositionsremain

overwhelminglymale.indeed,womenholdonly14percentof

positionsonEuropecorporateboards.

TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompel

corporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionofwomen-up

to60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.

Lastyear,EuropeCommissionVicePresidentVivianeReding

issuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporations

tosignupforgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboard

membership.Butherappealwasconsideredafailure:only24

companiestookitup.

Doweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimb

thecorporateLadderfairyastheybalanceworkandfamily?

“Personally,Idon'tlikequotas,“Redingsaidrecently.

“Butilikewhatthequotasdo."Quotasgetaction:they

“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglass

ceiling,vaccordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceand

othercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacing

womenintopbusinesspositions.

第8页/共15页

IunderstandReding'sreluctance-andherfrustration.I

don,tlikequotaseither;theyruncountertomybeliefin

meritocracy,governmentbythecapable.Bur,whenoneconsiders

theobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslook

asifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.

Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthat

corporationsinEuropeastheUSareevadingthemeritocratic

hiringandpromotionofwomentotopposition—nomatterhow

much“softpressure“isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreak

throughtothesummitofcorporatepower-as,forexample,

SherylSandbergrecentlydidatFacebook—theyattractmassive

attentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontothe

rule.

Ifappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpall

women---whetherCEOsortheirchildren,scaregivers-andall

families,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyother

highlycapablepersonlivinginamorejustsociety.

36.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,generally.

[A]womentakethelead

[B]menhavethefinalsay

[C]corporategovernanceisoverwhelmed

[D]seniormanagementisfamily-friendly

千里之行，始于足下。

37.TheEuropeanUnion'sintendedlegislationis

[A]areflectionofgenderbalance

[B]areluctantchoice

[C]aresponsetoReding'scall

[D]avoluntaryaction

38.AccordingtiReding,quotasmayhelpwomen.

[A]gettopbusinesspositions

[B]seethroughtheglassceiling

[C]balanceworkandfamily

[D]anticipatelegalresults

39.Theauthor'sattitudetowardReding'sappealisone

of.

[A]skepticism

[B]objectiveness

[C]indifference

[D]approval

第10页/共15页

40.Womenenteringtopmanagementbecomeheadlinesdueto

thelackof.

[A]moresocialjustice

[B]massivemediaattention

[C]suitablepublicpolicies

[D]greater“softpressure”

考研真题历年英语二阅读4

Text4

It'snosurprisethatJenniferSenior,sinsightful,

provocativemagazinecoverstory,loveMyChildren,IHate

MyLife,“isarousingmuchchatter-nothinggetspeople

talkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythingless

thanacompletelyfulfilling,life-enrichingexperience.

Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappy

ormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness：

insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredby

moment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasa

past-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceof

raisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard,Seniorwritesthat

“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlater

besourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.”

Themagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdinga

cutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-chiIdimageon

千里之行，始于足下。

newsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewly

adoptive-andnewlysingle-momSandraBullock,aswell

astheusual“JenniferAnistonispregnant"news.Practically

everyweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom,ormom-to-be,

smilingonthenewsstands.

Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation,

isitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenis

equivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?It

doesn'tseemquitefair,then,tocomparetheregretsof

parentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarely

areprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn'thavehadkids,but

unhappychiIdlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethat

childrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld：

obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegaping

baby-sizeholesintheirlives.

Ofcourse,theimageofparenthoodthatcelebrity

magazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugely

unrealistic,especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemothers

likeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthat

parentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples,singleparents

aretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere,consideringhow

muchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;

yettohearSandraandBritneytellit,raisingakidontheir

"own”(read：withround-the-clockhelp)isapieceofcake.

It'shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughto

wantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlookso

glamorous：mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.

Butit'sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweek

第12页/共15页

ofstress-free,happiness-enhancingparenthoodaren'tin

somesmall,subconsciouswaycontributingtoourown

dissatisfactionswiththeactualexperi