考研英语阅读理解B-(二)

考研英语阅读理解B-（二）

（总分：100.00,做题时间：90分钟）

一、{{B}}SectionIReadingComprehension{{/B}}(总题数：5,分数：100.00)

Amongcertainparents,itisanarticleoffaithnotonlythatthey

shouldtreattheirsonsanddaughtersalike,butalsothattheydo.

IfJackgetsvideosgames,andjoinsthesoccerteamandthemath

club,sodoesJane.{{U}}{{U}}1{{/U}}{{/U}}

Inone,scientistsdressednewbornsingender-neutralclothesand

misledadultsabouttheirsex.Theadultsdescribedthe〃boys〃

(actuallygirls)asangryordistressedmoreoftenthandidadults

whothoughttheywereobservinggirls,anddescribedthe"girls”

(actuallyboys)ashappyandsociallyengagedmorethanadultswho

knewthebabieswereboys.{{U}}{{U}}2{{/U}}{{/U}}

Inanotherstudy,mothersestimatedhowsteepaslopetheir11-month-

oldscouldcrawldown.Momsofboysgotitrighttowithinone

degree;mornsofgirlsunderestimatedwhattheirdaughterscoulddo

byninedegrees,eventhoughtherearenodifferencesinthemotor

skillsofinfantboysandgirls.{{U}}{{U}}3{{/U}}{{/U}}.Howwe

perceivechildren-sociableorremote,physicallyboldorquiet-shapes

howwetreatthemandthereforewhatexperienceswegivethem.Since

lifeleavesfootprintsontheverystructureandfunctionofthe

brain,thesevariousexperiencesproducesexdifferencesinadult

behaviorandbrains-theresultnotofinnateandinbornnaturebutof

nurture.

Yettherearedifferencesinadults'brains,andhereEliotisather

mostoriginalandpersuasive:explaininghowtheyarisefromtinysex

differencesininfancy.Forinstance,babyboysaremoreirritable

thangirls.{{U}}{{U}}4{{/U}}{{/U}}.By4monthsofage,boysand

girlsdifferinhowmucheyecontacttheymake,anddifferencesin

sociability,emotionalexpressivity,andverbalability-allofwhich

dependoninteractionswithparents-growthroughoutchildhood.

{{U}}{{U}}5{{/U}}{{/U}}Youoftenseetheclaimthattoy

preferences-trucksordolls-appearsoearly,theymustbeinnate.But

asEliotpointsout,6and12-month-oldsofbothsexespreferdolls

totrucks,accordingtoahostofstudies.Childrensettleintosex­

basedplaypreferencesonlyaroundage1,whichiswhentheygrasp

whichsextheyare,identifystronglywithit,andconformtohow

theyseeother,usuallyolder,boysorgirlsbehaving.''Preschoolers

arealreadyawareofwhat，sacceptabletotheirpeersandwhat's

not,“writesEliot.Thoseplaypreferencesthensnowball,producing

brainswithdifferenttalents.

Thebeliefinbluebrainsandpinkbrainshasreal-world

consequences,whichiswhyEliotgoesafterthemwithsuchvigor（and

rigor）.Itencouragesparentstotreatchildreninwaysthatmakethe

claimscometrue,denyingboysandgirlstheirfullpotential."Kids

riseorfallaccordingtowhatwebelieveaboutthem,“shenotes.And

thebelieffuelsthedriveforsingle-sexschools,whichisbasedin

partonthefalseclaimthatboybrainsandgirlbrainsprocess

sensoryinformationandthinkdifferently.

A.Thatmakesparentslikelytointeractlesswiththeir〃nonsocial〃

sons,whichcouldcausethesexes'developmentalpathwaystodiverge.

B.LiseEliot,aneuroscientistatRosalindFranklinUniversityof

MedicineandScience,doesn，tthinktheseparentsarelying,exactly.

Butshewouldliketobringsomestudiestotheirattention.

C.Thosedifferencesalsoarisefromgenderconformity.

D.Dozensofsuchdisguised-genderexperimentshaveshownthatadults

perceivebabyboysandgirlsdifferently,seeingidenticalbehavior

throughagender-tintedlens.

E.Forinstance,theideathatthebandoffibersconnectingthe

rightandleftbrainislargerinwomen,supposedlysupportingtheir

more"holistic"thinking,isbasedonasingle1982studyofonly14

brains.

F.Butthatprejudicemaycauseparentstounconsciouslylimittheir

daughter，sphysicalactivity.

G.Eliot，sinescapableconclusion:thereis"littlesolidevidenceof

sexdifferencesinchildren，sbrains.〃（分数：20.00）

填空项1：（正确答案：B）

解析：第一段提出怀疑，家长通常认为他们公平地对待男孩和女孩，但实际情况是否如此?前两句表明许

多家长都坚信他们确实做到了平等对待儿女，空格处位于段末，而继续看第二段的内容可知事实并非如许

多家长想象的那样。因此，该处应该填入一个含有质疑态度的句子。答对此题要联系下文，第二段的in

one、第三段的Inanotherstudy以及第四段再次出现的人名Eliot均与B项中的somestudies和Lise

Eliot对应，不难判断B项正确。

填空项1：（正确答案：D）

解析：本段前半部分主要陈述了一个实验过程，在被告知孩子的性别之后，成人会以经验来判断孩子的状

态。空格位于段末，应该是对该实验的•个总结。第•个实验讲的就是家长对孩子的看法确实会因为性

别而不同，D项是总结性的句子，恰好说明了第二段的现象，是正确答案。D项和G项看似都是总结性质

的论断，但G项主要提到的是children'sbrain（孩子的大脑）方面的不同，与第一个实验无关，故排

除。

填空项1:（正确答案：F）

解析：本段开始提到另一个实验，即家长对孩子爬坡的估计，家长普遍认为女孩在体育方面不如男生。这

时，空格出现，而空格之后是对实验的总结。可见，空格处需要填一个承接实验和结论的句子。该段的

underestimated与F项的prejudice相呼应，且该项中的physicalactivity对应上文说到的爬坡活

动，故答案为F。选项A和C的开头分别是that和those,都有承接上下文的含义，但均无明显的上下

文匹配词，代入文中逻辑不对。

填空项1:（正确答案：A）

解析：本段说的是成年男女大脑本身为什么有差别。空格前谈到性别差异从婴儿期就开始存在，而空格后

谈到孩子的成长过程中开发的各种能力与和父母的交流相关。由此判断，空格处应填入父母与孩子交流互

动相关的句子，且应起到承上启下的作用。空格前一句提到的boysaremoreirritablethangirls与

选项A中的nonsocial是因果关系，且上文说到性别差异从婴儿时期就存在，这与A项的causethe

sexes'developmentalpathwaystodiverge相匹配，由此推测A项正确。C项讨论的是区别从何而

来，而不是区别带来的结果；E项虽然也提到了大脑的功能，但只是又一个例子而已，与下文中

interactions,withparents（与父母的沟通）没有任何对应。

填空项1：（正确答案：C）

解析：空格处位于段首，可见该句是一个提纲挈领的句子。从下文中可以看出，本段的主题是孩子知道了

成人对自己性别的要求，对身份开始有认知，因此开始模仿年长的同性，造成最终的性别差异。C项中

的Thosedifferences与第4段的第一句therearedifferences相呼应，而genderconformity（性别

认同）说的就是本段的观点，即孩子们顺从成年人对性别本身的期待。

DavidCameron,40,theleaderofBritain，sConservativeParty,just

lookshandsome.HisappealhaspropelledtheToriestoaconsistent

leadinopinionpollsforthefirsttimesinceTonyBlair's1997

victory.ThathasinfusedBritain，sConservativeswithasensationso

unfamiliar,theybarelyrecognizeit:optimism.Surprisedatthis

turnoffortune,somearealreadymythologizingthemanbehindit.

{{U}}{{U}}6{{/U}}{{/U}}Indeed,CameronandhiswifeSamantha-the

daughterofabaronet-areamongLondon，smostsought-afterparty

guests.

Actually,CameronhasmoreincommonwithacertainBritish

politicianthanhedoeswithJ.F.K.Whethernoddingelegantlyto

recoveringdrugaddictsatahealthcenternorthofAberdeenor

charmingScottishjournalistsonthetrainjourneytoEdinburgh,the

personwhomCameronresemblesmorethananyotherisayoungBlab，.

Hehasthesamebrow-furrowingdesirenotonlytounderstandthose

withwhomheishavingconversationwith,buttoempathizewiththem;

thesamerootlessaccentthatinBritainindicatesaneasystartin

life.{{U}}{{U}}7{{/U}}{{/U}}.

YetthetimemightberipeforCameron.Everysecondweekhemakesa

raidfromwhathecalls"theWestminsterbubble"tosomefarther-

flungareaofthekingdom,meetingasmanypeopleaspossible.

“Obviously,“hesays,〃inpolitics,peoplewanttohavealookatyou

andunderstandwhoyouareandwhatmakesyoutick.〃

That，swherethetroublebegins.It'seasyenoughtolocateCameron，s

heart;that'swithhisfamily.HeandSamanthahavethreechildren

under5andhesayshespendsmostofhishomelife"knee-deepin

nappiesandcryingchildren.，z{{U}}{{U}}8{{/U}}{{/U}}UnlikeBlair

andBrown,Camerondoesn，tshowastronglovefortheU.S.Andina

departurefromhispredecessors,Cameronrarelyinvokesthenameof

theConservative，sbiggesticon:MargaretThatcher.〃Tome,Mrs.

Thatcher-it'sallalongtimeinthepast,“saysCameron."Peopleare

votingatthenextelectionwhowerebornafterMrs.Thatcherleft

office.z，

ManyConservativesofCameron'sgenerationbelievethattheirparty

needstoreclaimthemiddlegroundsobrilliantlycolonizedbyBlair

anddistanceitselffromthefiercelyideologicalcourseitcharted

duringtheThatcherera.〃We'reseenasthenastyparty,，zsays

Barker,amemberofCameron，scampaignteam.{{U}}{{U}}9{{/U}}

{{/U}}He，salsopromotingadoctrinehecalls"modem,compassionate

Conservatism,，zwhichis"abouthelpingthosepeoplewhocangetleft

behind.z，Inanodtoanationwhereopposingglobalwarminghas

becomeasemi-religionsduty,heclaimstobemoreenvironmentally

friendlythanLabour.Cameron，ssloganinlocalelectionslastMay

was“Voteblue,gogreen.〃

Thatsortoftalkhasworriedsomeofthepartyfaithful,butCameron

wantshisbigideastoappealacrosspartylines."Youhavetodo

whatBillClintondidandbuildabigtent,“saysDale.ButevenDale

wouldlikeCamerontosignaltotraditionalToriesthat"theold

issueswillbetreatedasseriouslyasthenewones.〃{{U}}{{U}}10

{{/U}}{{/U}}Sofar,though,Cameronhasavoidedmakingmanyexplicit

policystatements,relyinginsteadonwarmandfuzzyideaslikea

beliefin"socialresponsibility“thathesayswillempowerbusiness,

individualsandlocalgovernment.

A.GordonBrown,istroubledbyamoreleadenstyle,adarkervisage

andagovernmentthatislosingpopularity,largelybecauseofthe

messinIraq.

B.Tochangethatimage,Cameronhasengagedinconspicuouslyun-

Conservative-likebehavior,travelingwidelyandpostinga

confessionalblogatwww.webcameron.org.uk.

C.Thewellspringsofhispoliticalconvictionarehardertotrace.

D.ButinBritain，sred-meatpoliticalandmedialandscape,sucha

warmandfuzzystyleisrarelyenough.Popularattitudesto

politiciansarestillsetbythetabloids.

E.AndlikeBlairadecadeago-whenhewasdumpinghisparty's

traditionstoappealtoawiderconstituency-Cameroninspires

suspicionaswellasexcitement.

F.IainDale,whowritesaConservativeblog,speaksofCameron's

z，Kennedyesqueglamour.HethinksthatCameronhasalotincommon

withJ.F.Kennedy.

G.ThatmightmeananopenrepetitionoftheTories'traditional

claimtobethepartyoflowtaxation.Or-alwaysafavoritewiththe

rightwing-blamingtheEuropeanUnionforBritain'sills.（分数：20.oo）

填空项i：（正确答案：F）

解析：第一段介绍了卡梅伦的个人魅力为保守党注入活力、带来人气，甚至因此而被神化。句末又说卡梅

伦夫妇广受欢迎。此外，第二段第一句提到了J.F.K.（根据句意可知并非首次提及），综合推断，空格处

仍应填入赞扬卡梅伦的句子，且与J.F.K.有关。F提到Kennedyesqueglamour,这与前文的

mythologizing照应，hasalotincommonwithj.F.Kennedy与第二段开头的Cameronhasmorein

commonwith…than…withJ.F.K照应，故选F。

填空项1：（正确答案：E）

解析：第二段对卡梅伦和前首相布莱尔做了对比，分析了他们之间的诸多相似之处。空格位于文章段末，

按照文意，此空格应继续讨论卡梅伦和布莱尔的相似之处。该段主要比较Cameron与Blair,各选项

中，只有E项提到Blair并涉及比较，其中like（就像）这一逻辑信息词表明该选项正确。

填空项1：（正确答案：C）

解析：第四段分析了卡梅伦在政治生涯发展中所引起的一些麻烦。空格前谈论的是卡梅伦的家庭生活，空

格后谈论的是卡梅伦在政治方面的表现，推断空格应填入的是能引出卡梅伦在政治方面的表现的过渡语

句。上文提到It'seasyenoughtolocateCameronJsheart…withhisfamily,谈论有关其家

庭.而下文则提到Camerondoesn*tshowastronglove…和Cameronrarelyinvokes…等有关政治方

面的信息，故空格处应过渡这两个话题，纵观各选项，C项中hardertoIrace与前文easyenoughto

locate形成鲜明对照，而politicalconviction则与下文有关政治立场的叙述有关，承上启下，故确定

答案为Co

填空项1：（正确答案：B）

解析：第五段讲述了卡梅伦为了改变保守党在民众心中糟糕的形象所做的一系列努力。空格前讲到保守党

的形象在民众心里很糟糕，而空格后的also提示空格处必定是卡梅伦为改变该党在民众心中形象而做的

一件事。空格前提到We'reseenasthenastyparty；空格后提到He还倡导“具有同情心的现代保守

主义”，信息词also表明空白处的内容一定也与He所做努力有关。B项提到Tochangethatimage,其

中thatimage指代nastyparty,与上文形成合理的逻辑关系，故选B。

填空项1：（正确答案：G）

解析：第六段指出卡梅伦超越政党界限的政治理想使保守党拥护者担忧不已。空格前引用戴尔的想法“谨

慎处理旧问题”，表明接下来淡论的是旧问题一一保守党以往的一些情况。该空格前提到Dale的建议，

信息词signaltotraditionalTories,theoldissues提示与传统的保守党理念有关，G项提到的

Tories，traditionalclaim与此形成语义复现;同时G项开头处的that正好指代上文的建议,open

repetition（公然的重复）也正是空格后Cameron避免发表明确声明的原因，故选G。本题D为强干扰

项，D中的awarmandfuzzystyle与下文的warmandfuzzyideas对应，但该项信息词such提示前

文应提出这样一个具体的想法，故D项应出现在本段后。

A.TheResponsibilityofCompaniestoReduceWaste

B.MeansAdoptedtoReduceHouseholdWaste

C.TheDrawbacksofFly-tipping

D.Producers'EffortonWasteReduction

E.ObstaclestotheNewProgramme

F.TheRoleConsumersPlayinReducingWaste

G.TheSignificanceofGeneratingLessRubbish

Untilrecentlymostpeopleinthewasteindustryhadassumedthatit

wasimpossibletoreducetheamountbeingproducedandwere

concentratingonputtingthestufftobetteruse.Butlatelythat

assumptionhasbeenchallenged.Foronething,thepaceatwhichthe

richworldchurnsoutrubbishhasbeenslowing.

{{U}}{{U}}11{{/U}}{{/U}}

Reducingtheamountofwastebeingproducedmakesagreatdealof

sense,provideditdoesnotcostmore,ineitherenvironmentalor

financialterms,thandisposingofitintheusualway.Governments

hopeitmighthelptotrimbothgreenhouse-gasemissionsandwaste­

managementcosts.Buttheyarenotsurehowbesttoencourageit.

{{u}}{{U}}12{{/U}}{{/U}}

Somearetryingtopersuadeconsumerstothrowawayless.The

simplestmethodistocollecttherubbishlessoften.Inareasof

Britainwherethedustmencomeroundonlyeveryotherweek,recycling

ratesare10%higherthanelsewhere.Anothertacticistomake

householdspaybyvolumefortherubbishtheygenerate,ratherthan

throughaflatfeeorthroughlocaltaxes.ManyplacesinEurope,

AmericaandAsiahaveadoptedz，pay-as-you-throwz/schemes.Abouta

quarterofAmericansliveincommunitieswithsuchprogrammes.The

U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyreckonsthattheyreducethe

volumeofrubbishby14-27%andincreaserecycling(whichusually

remainsfree)by32-59%.

{{U}}{{U}}13{{/U}}{{/U}}

However,therearedrawbacks.Fly-tipping-theillegaldumpingof

waste-tendstoriseslightlyaspeopletrytoavoidpaying.And

householdersgenerallygrumblealotiftheyhavetopayextrato

havetheirrubbishcollected.Inaddition,mostlocalauthorities

havesimplydecidedagainsttheidea.WhentheBritishgovernment

offeredthemmoneytoexperimentwithpay-as-you-throwschemes

earlierthisyear,noonesignedup.

{{U}}{{U}}14{{/U}}{{/U}}

Businessesaregenerallyseenasasorertargetthanconsumers.It

canbearguedthatmanufacturersbearsomeresponsibilityforthe

amountofwasterichcountriesproduce.Theyoftenhaveanincentive

toreducewasteanyway,sincemostalreadypayfordisposalby

volume.Thereisevenanameforthesteadyreductioninmaterials

usedtomakethesamegoods:z/1ightweightingz，.Itisnotonly

electronicgadgetsthathavebecomesmallerand5ghterovertheyears

evenastheirperformancehasimprovedbutmanyotherthingstoo,

fromcarstoplasticbags.

{{U}}{{U}}15{{/U}}{{/U}}

Intheory,consumerscouldsteerfirmstowardswastereductionby

buyingproductsthatareeasytorecycle.Tosomeextentthisis

happening.Tesco,sAlasdair.JamessaysBritishconsumersrankthe

environmentastheirthirdpriorityafterpriceandconvenience.

Further,ifgovernmentsobligemanufacturerstoincludethecostof

disposalintheirprices,firmswillpassthosecostsonto

consumers,whowillhaveanincentivetobuytheproductsthatare

theeasiesttodisposeof.

Manygovernmentsarecurrentlytryingtogivegreeneryanextrapush

withcompulsorywastereductionschemes.Thirty-sixstatesinAmerica,

forexample,chargeforthedisposaloftyres.Thestatesspendthe

moneyonclean-upprogrammesorpayotherstorunsuchprogrammes.

Manyofthetyresareblendedintoroadsurfacesorburnedincement

kilns.Severalotherstateshave"advancerecoveryfees"forcomputer

monitorsandtelevisions.Allthisshouldprovideaspurtothewaste

industryandspeedtheadoptionofnewtechnology.（分数：20.00）

填空项1：（正确答案：G）

解析：本段主要讲述了减少制造垃圾对减少温室气体排放及降低垃圾处理成本有巨大作用。信息词

Reducingtheamountofwaste,makesagreatdealofsense,helptotrim提示该段是论述减少垃

圾的好处，纵观各项，G项中的significance,generatinglessrubbish与此对应，故G项为正确答

案。

填空项1：（正确答案：B）

解析：本段介绍了有助于减少生活垃圾的一些措施：其一是降低从每家每户收集垃圾的频率，其二是对每

家每户的垃圾按量收费。信息词throwawayless,thesimplestmethod,anothertaclic均提示该段

是论述有关减少垃圾的方法。各选项中，B项中的means与此对应，而household与文中的make

householdspayby…对应，故确定B项为正确答案。

填空项1：（正确答案：E）

解析：本段指出“垃圾按量收费”方案实施时遇到的一些阻力：人们想方设法逃避付款，户主们也有诸多

抱怨，且地方政府也决定不采纳这项计划。段首信息词however提示该段与上一段落形成转折关系，且

段末复现上文提及的pay-as-you-throwschemes,故可判断文中的drawbacks,avoidpaying,decide

against,noonesignedup等信息词均指向此方案。E项中的obstacles与文中信息词对应，而new

programmo则指代Pay-as-you-throwschemes,故为正确答案。本题C项为强干扰项，虽然咳项中的

drawbacks和fly-tipping均在文中出现，且C项讲的是非法倾倒垃圾的坏处，但文中讨论的是该方案遇

到的阻碍，而fly-tipping只是该方案引起的问题之一。张冠李戴，故排除。

填空项1：(正确答案：D)

解析：本段讲述商家都有减少废弃品的动机，企业开始推行“轻量化”以减少生产原料的浪费。该段信

息词businesses,manufacturers提示该段论述和企业有关，纵观各选项，A项的companies和D项的

Producers均与此对应，而文中第二句中出现的manufacturers及之后的they都揭示了本段主要讲制造

商所做的努力，故D项为正确答案。A项提到的responsibility虽在文中提及，但该项强调的是企业的

责任，而本段虽也提及到制造商必须为富国巨大的垃圾排放量负一定的责任，但其论述的重点是制造商在

减少垃圾排放上所做的努力，A项以偏概全，故排除。

填空项1:(正确答案：F)

解析：本段主要介绍了消费者在降低废物排放方面所能起的作用，即环保的消费观可引导商家减少废弃品

的排放。该段首句即指出consumerscouldsteerfirms---,指出消费者往减少垃圾排放上的作用，纵

观各选项，只有F项提到的consumers与此相关，该项指出其角色作用，与文意相符，故为正确答案。

A.Foronething,manyyoung“'vegetarians"continuetoeatthewhite

meatofdefenselesschickens(25%inthecurrentstudy)aswellas

thefleshofthoseadorableanimalsknownasfish(46%),evenwhen

theyarebutcheredandserveduprawassushi.Andinarecentstudy

intheJournalofAdolescentHealth,researchersfoundthatthemost

commonreasonteensgaveforvegetarianismwastoloseweightorkeep

fromgainingit.Adolescentvegetariansarefarmorelikelythan

otherteenstodietortouseextremeandunhealthymeasuresto

controltheirweight,studiessuggest.Thereverseisalsotrue:

teenswitheatingdisordersaremorelikelytopracticevegetarianism

thananyotheragegroup.

B.Butapproximately20%ofthevegetariansturnedouttobebinge

(excessiveeatinganddrinking)eaters,comparedwithonly5%of

thosewhohadalwayseatenmeat.Similarly,25%ofcurrent

vegetarians,ages15to18,and20%offormervegetariansinthesame

agegroupsaidtheyhadengagedinextremeweight-controlmeasures

suchastakingdietpillsorlaxativesandforcingthemselvesto

vomit.Only1in10teenswhohadneverbeenvegetarianreported

similarbehavior.

C.Beingateenagermeansexperimentingwithfoolishthingslike

dyeingyourhairpurpleorcandyflippingorgoingdoor-to-doorfora

politicalparty.Parentstendtooverlookseeminglymild,earnest

teenpursuits,butanewstudyintheJournaloftheAmerican

DieteticAssociationsuggeststhatanothercommonteenfad,

vegetarianism,isn，talwayshealthy.Instead,itseemsthata

significantnumberofkidsexperimentwithavegetariandietasaway

tomaskaneatingdisorder.

D.InanotherresearchventurebyRobinson-0,BriencalledProject

EAT-II:EatingAmongTeens,theresearcherssurveyed2,516yoking

Minnesotans,ages15to23.Oftherespondents,108(or4.3%)

describedthemselvesascurrentlyvegetarian,another268(10.8%)

saidtheywereformervegetariansandtherestwerelifelongmeat

eaters.Theresearchersfoundthatinonesense,thevegetarianswere

healthier:theytendedtoconsumelessthan30%oftheircaloriesas

fat,whilenon-vegetariansgotmorethan30%oftheircaloriesfrom

fat.Notsurprisingly,thevegetarianswerealsolesslikelytobe

overweight.

E.Thestudy,ledbynutritionistRamonaRobinson-0,Brien,foundthat

whileadolescentandyoungadultvegetarianswerelesslikelythan

meateaterstobeoverweightandmorelikelytoeatarelatively

healthfuldiet,theywerealsomorelikelytobingeeat.Although

mostteensinRobinson-O'Brien，sstudyclaimedtoembarkon

vegetarianismtobehealthierortosavetheenvironmentandthe

world，sanimals,theresearchsuggeststheymaybemoreinterestedin

losingweightthanprotectingcattleorswine.

F.Thatbeingsaid,evenamongtheyoungadults,currentvegetarians

reportedbingeeatingmoreoftenthantheirpeers,whichtheauthors

theorizecanbeexplainedbythefactthatvegetariansaresimply

moreawareanddisciplinedaboutwhattheyeatandare,therefore,

morelikelytoreportoverindulging.Therefore,theauthorssuggest

thatparentsanddoctorsshouldbeextravigilantwhenteenssuddenly

becomevegetarians.

G.Thisdifferenceinextremebehaviordisappearedbetweencurrent

vegetariansandlifelongmeateatersintheoldergroup,ages19to

23,withabout15%ineachgroupreportingsuchweight-control

tactics.Butamongformervegetarians,thatnumberjumpedto27%.The

findingssuggestthatagematterswhenitcomestovegetarianism:

teenagevegetariansaswellasyoungexperimentersmaybeathigher

riskforothereatingdisorderscomparedwiththeirpeers.Butby

youngadulthood,manystillpracticingvegetarianshavepresumably

chosenitasalifestyleratherthanadietingploy,thestudy

suggests.

I~I（分数：20.00）

填空项1:（正确答案：E）

解析：首段C项提到了anewstudy,指出vegetarianism并不总是有益健康的，且vegetarian与

eatingdisorder有联系，故下文应与此研究有关。各选项均出现研究数据，观察各项首句，A项的For

onethingsB项的But、G项的Thisdifference均无法与上文衔接，而D项的anotherresearchby…

表明上文已出现此人的其他研究，故也可排除。E项首句的Thestudy与上文的anewsludy呼应，段中

也提到了vegetarian的问题，即morelikelytobingeeat,与eatingdisorder对应，故为正确答

案。

填空项1：（正确答案：A）

解析：E项段末提到moreinterestedinlosingweightthanprotectingcattleorswine。纵观各选

项，A项一开始即提到continuetoeatwhitemeat,与上文对应，而文中的loseweightorkeep

fromgaining,controltheirweight均与上段的主题呼应，故A项应在E项之后。

填空项1：（正确答案：D）

解析：纵观各选项，B项首句提到部分素食主义者患上暴食症，这似乎与A项衔接，构成递进关系，然而

句首的But表明与上文存在转折关系，因此逻辑上不符。G项首句的Thisdifference在A项中未能找到

其具体所指，故也不正确。D项则介绍了另一项研究，与A形成并列关系，符合段落逻辑，故应接在A项

之后。

填空项1：（正确答案：B）

解析：D项中的healthier,lesslikelytobeoverweight是对素食主义者的正面评价，但根据全文主

题，即素食主义者易暴饮暴食，可以推测下文应与此段形成转折关系，介绍素食主义引发的问题。B项指

出部分素食主义者tobebingeeaters.extremeweight-controlmeasures等问题，并且其句首的But

与上文形成转折关系，符合行文逻辑，故应紧接在D项之后。

填空项1：（正确答案：G）

解析：B项介绍了15〜18岁年龄段素食主义者的问题，而G项开头便提到了intheoldergroup与ages

19to23,与B项呼应。再者，Thisdifference在B项中也能找到所指，即素食者与非素食者使用极端

的体重控制手段的比例区别，而首句末的suchweight-controltactics与B项的extremeweight­

controlmeasures对应，故确定G项应该在B项后面。

HighfuelpriceswillprobablykeepAmericansclosertohomethis

summer.ArecentpollbyAOLandZogbyfoundthat30%ofAmericans

havechangedtheirvacationplansbecauseofhighfuelprices.On

websiteslikeEcomodderandDailyFuelEconomyTip,driversare

learninghowtosavebydrivingsmarter,huntingdowndeals,finding

alternativemodesoftransportationor-atworst-findingcreative

reasonstospendlesstimebehindthewheelandmoretimerelaxing.

“Peoplearen，tcancelingtheirtripsoutright,z，saysMarieDodds,a

spokeswomanforAmericanAutomobileAssociation,“buttheyare

definitelylookingintootheroptions.

{{U}}{{U}}21{{/U}}{{/U}}Meanstomakethetripcheaper:

FormanyAmericanfamilies,evenaroadtripcanfeellikealuxury

whenitcosts$75tofillthefueltank.

{{U}}{{U}}22{{/U}}{{/U}}Driveless,savemore:

Themostobviouswaytosavegasissimplytodriveless.Forsome,

thatmeanschangingthedestination.

{{U}}{{U}}23{{/U}}{{/U}}Adifferentwayofcamping:

Evencamping-thatmainstayofpenny-pinchervacations-mightlook

differentthisyear,thankstogasprices.StateparksinNewYork,

MaineandVermonthaveallreportedanincreaseof10%to15%in

campingreservationsoverlastyear.Butmorecamperswillbe

arrivingnotbygassyrecreationalvehiclebutbyear-oreven

motorbike.Campgroundshavebecomemoremotorcycle-friendlyinrecent

yearstocatertothatgrowingmarket.

{{U}}{{U}}24{{/U}}{{/U}}Moreadviceongas-saving:

WhataboutAmericanswhocan，tresistthecallofasummerroadtrip?

BenjaminJones,knownforextremegas-savingstuntslikecoveringthe

undersideofacarwithcorrugatedplastictoreducedragand

coastinginneutralwiththeengineoffinsteadofhittingthe

brakes,givesthemsomeadvice.

{{U}}{{U}}25{{/U}}{{/U}}Staycationbecomespopular:

Somefamilies,though,aresimplytakingmorevacationclosertoor

athome.

Alnericansareusedtotougheconomictimesandchallenging

environmentsinwhichtotravel."They'vebecomeever-increasingly

resilient,onegovernmentalofficersaid."AlthoughAmericans

considertheirvacationssacrosanct,the