考研英语二（阅读）试卷14

考研英语二（阅读）-试卷14

（总分:60.00,做题时间:90分钟）

一、ReadingComprehension（总题数：6,分数：60.00）

1.SectionIIReadingComprehension（分数：10.00）

解析：

2.PartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextby

choosingA,B,CorD.（分数:10,00）

解析:

Nexttosnakesandcrocs,Australiansimaginesharkstobethecountry'smostdangerous

creature.TimWinton,anauthor,calIssharks'substitutefortheDevil”.Sevenswimmersin

threeyearshavediedfromsharkattacksinMrWintorTshomestateofWesternAustralia.The

statersgovernment,ledbyColinBarnett,isnowtakingrevenge.InlateNovemberaskilled

surferdiedfromasharkattack.Aweeklaterasharkkilleda19-year-oldinNewSouth

Wales.Thetragediesfedpublicanxieties.MrBarnettorderedno-gozonesforsharkstobe

setupoffshore,markedbylinesofbaitedhooks.Anysharkcaughtonthemmorethanthree

metreslongwastobeshot.ThefirstsharkcaughtinthisstrategywasshotonJanuary

26th.MrBarnettsayshehasto"protectthepeopleofWesternAustraliaz/.Butpreviously

hostilepopularattitudestowardssharksareshifting.PlentyofWesternAustralians,along

withenvironmentalistsandsharkexperts,deplorethenewpolicy.InearlyJanuary,atthe

heightofthesummerhoiidayseason,morethan4,000protestersswampedCottesloeBeachin

Perth,withsignsreading“SaveOurSharks^and“ScienceNotSlaughter”.OfAustralia's180

orsosharkspecies,onlyafewaredangeroustohumans:chiefly,bullsharks,tigersharks

andgreatwhites,whichareprotectedunderfederallaw.Theirnumbershavesufferedfrom

thetradeinsharkfinsforsoupinAsia,whichAustraliaandothershavebanned.

Nonetheless,thefederalgovernmenthasgivenitsconservativecounterpartinWestern

Australiaanexemptionfromprotectinggreatwhitesunderits^catch-and-kill/zpolicy.

Despitetherecentattacks,deathsfromsharksarerare一anaverageofjustonepersona

yearforthepasthalf-centuryaroundAustraliansvastcoastline,saystheAustralianShark

AttackFile,aresearchoutfitatTarongaZooinSydney.Bycontrast,anaverageof120

peopledrowneachyearoffbeachesandinharboursandrivers.Therehasbeennofatalshark

attackatBondibeachinSydney,Australiansmostpopularstrand,since1929.（分数：10.00）

（1）.TimWintoncalIssharks^substitutefortheDevil"because_____.（分数：2.00）

A.theyareasuglyasDevil

B.theyhavekilledmanyvictimsJ

C.theyarethemostdangerouscreature

D.theyaremoredangerousthansnakesandcrocs

解析：解析：根据“substitulefortheDevil”可以定位到第一段。答案就在本句话的前后。前面提

到：Nexttosnakesandcrocs,Australiansimaginesharkstobethecountry,smostdangerous

crea—ture.根据本句话容易误选［C］。上文提到nexttosnakesandcrocs（仅次于蛇和鳄鱼），故可以

判断［C］和［D］两项都是错误的。［A］项属于无中生有。文章提到：Sevenswimmersinthreeyearshave

diedfromsharkattacksinMrWintonshomestateofWesternAustralia.可见TimWin-ton把

鲨鱼称作“恶魔的代名词”是因为鲨鱼夺去了很多人的生命，因此［B］项正确。

（2）.MrBarnettaspolicyincludes.（分数:2.00）

A.shootinganysharkcaughtonno-gozones

B.settinguprestrictedareasoffshoreforswimmers

C.protectinghispeoplefrombeingkilledbysharksJ

D.ensuringsafetyofbothhumanbeingsandanimals

解析：解析：根据MrBarnett定位到第二段。选项［A］对应该段第三行:Anysharkcaughtonthem（指代

no—gozones）morethanthreemetreslongwastobeshot.大意为：任何在“鲨鱼禁区”捕获的体

长超过三米的鲨鱼将会遭到射杀。由此可见［A］项的anyshark是不准确的，故该项错误。选项［B］是对

“MrBarnettorderedno-gozonesforsharkstobesetupoffshore”一句的曲解，原文说的禁区

是针对鲨鱼（forsharks）,而不是针对游泳者，该项的forswimmers与原文forsharks不符，属于偷换

概念，故错误。选项［C］对应最后一句：MrBarnettsayshehasto"protectthepeopleofWestern

Australia”.该项正确。选项［D］中的ensuringsafetyofhumanbeings这部分是没错的，但是and

animals错了，因为Barnett提倡猎杀鲨鱼，而不是保护。综上所述，答案为选项［C］。

（3）.ManyAustralians"attitudetowardsthenewpolicyis.（分数：2.00）

A.doubtful

B.supportive

C.ambiguous

D.opponentV

解析：解析：根据ManyAustralians,newpolicy等词定位到第三段。该段第一、二句指出：

Butpreviouslyhostilepopularattitudestowardssharksareshifting.PlentyofWestern

Australians,alongwithenvironmentalistsandsharkexperts>deplorethenewpolicy.大意为：

但是之前人们普遍敌对鲨鱼的态度发生了转变。大量澳大利亚西部居民、环保主义者和鲨鱼专家强烈反对

这项新政策。其中deplore这个词明确体现出许多澳大利亚人的态度，如果看不懂这个词，可以根据上下

文进行猜测。上文提到人们敌对鲨鱼的观点正在转变，下文提到人们不敌对鲨鱼，反而反对“杀戮鲨鱼的

新政策”，由此可见deplore这个词和上文的hostile（敌对的）一词是接近的，故答案为［D］opponent（反

对的）。

（4）.AccordingtoParagraph4,whichoneistrue?（分数：2.00）

A.GreatwhitesareprotectedinWesternAustralia.

B.SharkfinisadelicatecourseinbothAsiaandAustralia.

C.Somedangeroussharkspeciesareprotectedbyfederallaw.J

D.ThenumberofsharksinAustraliaisgrowinginthepastfewyears.

解析：解析：选项［A］意为：大白鲨在澳大利亚西部受到保护。原文第四段第四行指出：None-theless,

thefederalgovernmenthasgivenitsconservativecounterpartinWesternAustraliaanex一

emptionfromprotectinggreatwhitesunderits“catch—and-ki11vpolicy.其中关键的是an

exemptionfromprotectinggreatwhites一句，大意为“免于保护大白鲨”，也就是说Western

Australia可以不用保护大白鲨，与该项表述完全相反，故该项错误。选项［B］意为：鱼翅在亚洲和澳大

利亚都是一道美味佳肴。该段第二句明确指出：Theirnumbershavesufferedfromthetradein

sharkfinsforsoupinAsia,whichAustraliaandothershavebanned.其中“Australiaand

othershavebanned澳大利亚和其他地区禁止贩卖鱼翅”告诉我们，该项表述错误。选项［C］意为：一些

危险的鲨鱼种类受到联邦法律的保护。该项对应该段首句：OfAustralia's180orsoshark

species,onlyafewaredangeroustohumans：chiefly,bul1sharks,tigersharksandgreat

whites,whichareprotec一tedunderfederallaw.由此可见，该项表述正确。选项［D］意为：过去儿

年澳大利亚鲨鱼的数量有所增长。该项对应该段第二句：Theirnumbershavesufferedfromthetrade

insharkfinsforsoupinAsia…由此可见鲨鱼被贩卖，数量减少，故该项错误。

（5）.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat.（分数：2.00）

A.morepeoplediefromdrowningeveryyearthanfromsharksJ

B.therehasnotbeenanysharkattackatBondibeachsince1929

C.attacksfromsharksarerareinthepastfivedecadesinAustralia

D.incidentsofsharkattackoftenhappenatthemostpopularbeach

解析：解析：根据最后一段的"deathsfromsharksarerare一anaverageofjustonepersona

yearw和“anaverageof120peopledrowneachyearn我们可以判断［A］项的表述正确。选项［B］中的

“notbeenanysharkattack没有任何鲨鱼袭击事件”和原文最后一句的"nofatalsharkattack没

有致命的鲨鱼袭击事件”不一致，故错误。选项［C］“attacksfromsharksarerare鲨鱼袭击事件是很

少见的”与原文第一句"deathsfromsharksarerare因鲨鱼袭击而死亡的事件是很少见的”看似接

近，但该项把death换成了attack,属于偷换概念，因此也是错误的。选项［D］原文没有提到，属于无中

生有。

Whenasearchengineguesseswhatyouwantbeforeyoufinishtypingit,orhelpfullyignores

yourbadspelling,thatistheresultofmachinelearning,abranchofartificial

intelligence.AlthoughAIhasbeenthroughcyclesofhypeanddisappointmentbefore,big

technologycompanieshaverecentlybeenscramblingtohireexpertsinthefield,inthehope

ofbuildingmachinesthatcanlearnevenmoresophisticatedtasks.IBMsaidthismonthit

wouldinvest$1billioninanewdivisiontodevelopusesforWatson,itscomputerthat

understandshuman1anguage.ButthisweekGoogleenhancedits1eadinthisfieldbypaying

around$660mforDeepMindTechnologies,astartupinLondonthathasyettoannouncea

product.ThebossofDeepMind,DemisHassabis,previouslycreatedvideogamessuchas〃Evil

Genius"and"ThemePark”.DeepMind^s75geniuseswilljointheworld'sleadinggroupof

machine-1earningexperts,whichGooglehasbeenassemblinginthepastfewyears.Google's

mainsourceofincome,itssearchengineandtheaccompanyingad-placementsystem,isdriven

bymachinelearning.Thefiringsself-drivingcarsrelyonit,asdotheintelligent

thermostatsmadebyNest,afirmithasjusttakenover,andtherobotsmadebyBoston

Dynamicsandotherroboticsoutfitsithasbeenbuying.Thetechnologyisalreadythe

backboneofmanyotherinternetfirms.ItiswhyFacebookandLinkedlnhavethatsiightly

creepyabi1itytofindpeopleyouknow,andwhyAmazonandNetf1ixaregoodatsuggesting

booksandfi1msyoumight1ike.Italsohelpsintel1igenceagenciestoidentifyterrorist

networks.Asmachinelearningleavesthelabandgoesintopractice,itwillthreatenwhite-

collar,knowledge-workerjobsjustasmachines,automationandassemblylinesdestroyed

factoryjobsinthe19thand20thcenturies.Forexample,thetechniquehasbeenappliedby

researchersatStanfordUniversitytotellwhetherabiopsyofbreastcellsishighly

cancerous,somethingthatunti1nowhasrequiredahumanexperttoassess.Anotherof

DeepMind"sfounders,ShaneLegg,haspredictedthatartificialintelligencerunningwildly

willbethebiggestexistentialrisktohumansinthiscentury.Itsfoundershaveasked

Googletosetupan"ethicsboard“toconsidertheappropriateuseofmachinelearningin

itsproducts.Thecreatorof"EvilGenius*isensuringthathisnewoverlordstickstoits

motto,"Don'tbeevil*.(分数：10.00)

(1).Theunderlinedword"hype”(Para1,Line3)maybeclosestto.(分数：2.00)

A.confusion

B.surprise

C.excitementJ

D.despair

解析：解析：文章背景的cyclesofhypeanddisappointment（---和失望的循环）中出现了“cycle循

环”•词，因此可以判断hype应该与disappointment的意思相反。故四个选项中我们应该选择与

“disappointment失望”意思相反的词。四个选项分别是：困惑、惊奇、激动和绝望。显然“失望”是

否定词，四项中唯一一个表示肯定的词是excitement,故答案为［C］。

（2）.DeepMindTechnologiesis.（分数：2.00）

A.agiantlikeGoogleandIBM

B.anewcompanythatdevelopsvideogames

C.aleadingtechnologicalcompanyinAmerica

D.anewlystartedfirmthatcooperateswithGoogleV

解析：解析：根据题干中的DeepMindTechnologies定位到第二段。该段第三行指出：

DeepMindTechnologies,astartupinLondon…其中，"astartup一家新兴企业”与选项［A］“a

giant一家大型企业”和［C］“aleadingtechnologicalcompany一家带头的技术公司“完全不符,故可

以排除［A］和［C］两项。而［B］项中的developvideogames与原文倒数第二行"previouslycreated

videogames”中的previously一词不符。再根据文章第二句"ButthisweekGoogleenhancedits

leadinthisfieldbypayingaround$660mforDeepMindTechnologies***v一句我们可以得知，

Google付给DeepMindTechnologies这些费用，说明二者是合作关系，因此选项［D］anewlystarted

firmthatcooperateswithGoogle是对DeepMindTechnologies的最佳描述，故答案为选项［D］。

（3）.GooglehasclonethefollowingEXCEPT.（分数：2.00）

A.gatheringtalentsonmachine-learning

B.earningmoneyfromitssearchengine

C.purchasinglargenumberofautomaticdevices

D.takingoverfirmslikeNestandBostonDynamicsJ

解析：解析：根据Google和选项［D］中的NestandBostonDynamics这些大写词共同定位到第三段。选

项［A］对应该段首句：DeepMind*s75geniuseswilljointheworld'sleadinggroupofma一

chihe-learningexperts,whichGooglehasbeenassemblinginthepastfewyears.由此可见选

项［A］表述正确，其中gathering对应assembling；talentsonmachine—learning对应machine—

learningex—peris。即该项不是该题的答案。选项［B］对应第二句：Google*smainsourceof

income,itssearchengineandtheaccompanyingad——placementsystem…其中该项的earningmoney

from对应原文中的sourceofincome<,故该项表述正确，非答案。选项［C］中的purchasing让我们定位

到最后一句的buying,该句的"otherroboticsoutfitsithasbeenbuying它（Google）一直以来购进

的其他自动化装备”对应［C］项**purchasinglargenumberofautomaticdevices”，其中buying对应

purchasing；hasbeenbuying（一直购买）对应purchasinglargenumberof（大量购买）；robotics

out一fits（机器人设备，自动化设备）对应automaticdevices（自动化设备），故该项表述也正确，非答

案。选项［D］对应最后一句：,•,madebyNest,afirmithasjusttakenover,andtherobots

madebyBostonDynamics…该句指出,Nest被Google接管,但是BostonDynamics则没有提到，故该项

的takingoverfirmslikeNestandBostonDynamics是错误的,故答案为［D］。

（4）.TechnologycontributestoallEXCEPT.（分数：2.00）

A.stealingintoone'spersonaldataJ

B.discoveringpeople'sacquaintance

C.recommendinggoodbooksandmovies

D.confirminghackerattackforspyagencies

解析：解析：根据出题顺序以及technology一词定位到第四段。该段讨论technology的一些作用，“It

iswhyFacebookandLinkedlnhavethatslightlycreepyabilitytofindpeopleyouknoww一句

对应选项［B］discoveringpeople,sacquaintance。其中findpeopleyouknow=discovering

peopleJsacquaintanceoa••,andwhyAmazonandNetflixaregoodatsuggestingbooksandfilms

youmightlike.”一句对应选项［C］recommendinggoodbooksandmovies。其中，suggestingbooks

andfilms对应recommendinggoodbooksandmovieso“Italsohelpsintelligenceagenciesto

identifyterroristnetworks^对应选项［D］confirminghackerattackforspyagencieso其中

identify（确认）对应con—firm（证实）；terroristnelworks（网络恐怖）对应hackerattack（黑客攻

击）；intelligenceagencies（情报部门）对应spyagencies（间谍机构）。故［B］、［C］、［D］三项原文均有

涉及，唯一没有提到的是选项［A］,故该项为答案。

（5）.Machinelearningmaybeathreattoworkersbecause.（分数：2.00）

A.itwilldestroyallhumanjobs

B.itmayleadtounemploymentV

C.itcandobetterthanworkersandhumanexperts

D.itcantel1whetherabiopsyofcellsiscancerous

解析：解析：根据题干中的machinelearning,threat,workers等词定位到第五段第一句：Asma一

chinelearningleavesthelabandgoesintopractice,itwillthreatenwhite-collar,

knowledge-workerjobsjustasmachines,automationandassemblylinesdestroyedfactoryjobs

inthe19thand20thcenturies.由此可见，"machinelearning机械学习”威胁工人是因为它能够

adestroyedfactoryjobs破坏工厂工作，使工人失业”，因此选项［B］为答案。选项［A］allhuman

jobs过于绝对。

IftheworlcTseducationsystemshaveacommonfocus,itistoturnoutschool-leaverswho

areproficientinmaths.GovernmentsareimpressedbyevidencefromtheWorldBankand

othersthatbettermathsresultsraisesGDPandincomes.That,togetherwiththesoul-

searchingprovokedbythecross-countryPISAcomparisonsof15-year-olds“mathematical

attainmentproducedbytheOECD,aclubofmostlyrichcountries,ispromptingeducatorsin

manyplacestolookafreshatwhatmathstoteach,andhowtoteachit.Thosecountriesfret

abouthowtocatchupwithoutturningstudentsoffthesubjectwithboringdrill.Top

performers,mostofthemAsian,fearthattheirfocusontechnicalproficiencydoesnot

translateintoanenthusiasmformathsafterleavingschool.Andeveryoneworriesabouthow

topreparepupilsforajobsmarketthatwillrewardcreativethinkingevermorehighly.

Mathseducationhasbeenabattlefieldbefore:theAmerican"mathswars"ofthe1980spitted

traditionalists,whoemphasizedfluencyinpen-and-papercalculations,againstreformersled

bythecountry'sbiggestteachinglobby,whoputreal-worldproblem-solving,oftenwiththe

helpofcalculators,atthecentreofthecurriculum.Abacklashfollowedasparentsand

academicsworriedthatthe"newmaths"leftpupilsill-preparedforuniversitycoursesin

mathsandthesciences.Butasmanycountrieshavesincefound,trainingpupilstopass

examsisnotthesameasequippingthemtousetheirhard-wonknowledgeinworkandlife.

Today'sreformersthinknewtechnologyrendersthisoldargumentredundant.Theyinclude

ConradWoIfram,whoworkedonMathematica,aprogramwhichallowsuserstosolveequations,

visualizemathematicalfunctionsandmuchmore.Hearguesthatcomputersmakerote

procedures,suchaslongdivision,obsolete."Ifitishigh-levelproblem-solvingand

criticalthinkingwe*reafter,there'snotmuchinevidenceinalotofcurriculums,“he

says.（分数：10.00）

（1）.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat.（分数：2.00）

A.aman“ssalarymaybehigherifheisgoodatmathsJ

B.mathsisthemostimportantsubjectinmanycountries

C.highscoresatschoolequaltogreatachievementatwork

D.teachersinrichcountriesknowexactlyhowtoteachmaths

解析：解析：选项［A］对应第一段第二句:Governmentsareimpressedbyevidencefromthe

WorldBankandothersthatbettermathsresultsraisesGDPandincomes.其中，bettermaths

resultsraisesGDPandincomes与该项的表述相符，故该项正确。选项［B］和［C］文章没有提到，属于无

中生有,错误。选项［D］对应该段最后一句：…OECD,aclubofmostlyrichcountries,is

promptingeducatorsinmanyplacestolookafreshatwhatmathstoteach,andhowtoteach

it.其中lookafreshatwhatmathstoteach,andhowtoteachit（重新审视数学教什么、怎么教）

说明富裕国家的教师也在苦恼如何教数学，这与该项knowexactlyhowtoteachmaths不符。故排除该

项，本题答案为［A］.

（2）.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichoneistrue?（分数：2.00）

A.Richcountriesoftendobetterinmaths.

B.Asianstudentsaretiredofboringexercises.

C.Creativethinkingiscrucialforastudent'sfuturejob.V

D.Topperformers^crazeformathsdoesn'twaneafterleavingschool.

解析:解析：选项［A］与第二段第二句"Topperformei's,mostofthemAsian…”的信息不符,文章说

“亚洲学生数学更好”，而不是该项的“富裕国家”，故该项错误。选项［B］的信息在原文没有体现，故

错误。该段第一句提到：Thosecountriesfretabouthowtocatchupwithoutturningstudentsoff

thesubjectwithboringdrill.（那些国家（富裕国家）担心如何赶上其他国家，同时又不让单调的练习

题使学生对这个学科感到厌烦。）可见该项中的"tiredof厌烦”是根据该句“turnsb.off使某人厌

烦”这一信息设置的干扰项。选项［C］对应最后•句：Andeveryonewor-riesabouthowtoprepare

pupilsforajobsmarketthatwillrewardcreativethinkingevermorehighly.其中，jobs

market,rewardcreativethinking等信息表明该项表述是正确的。选项［D］中的"…crazeformaths

doesn*twaneafterleavingschool对数学的狂热在离开学校之后也没有减退"与原文”…doesnot

translateintoanenthusiasmformathsafterleavingschool.在离开学校之后，并没有转化为对

数学的热情”不符，其中，“doesn'twane没有消退”与“doesnottranslateinto没有转化为“信

息不匹配，故该项表述不符合原文。综上所述，答案为选项［C］。

(3).Manycountrieshavefoundthat.(分数：2.00)

A.teachingstudentstopassexamsismucheasier

B.thereisgreatdifferencesbetweentestandpracticaluseJ

C.knowledgelearnedatschoolisrarelyusedinworkandlife

D.mostpupiIsarei11-preparedforuniversitycoursesinmaths

解析：解析：根据题干中的Manycountrieshavefoundthat定位到第三段最后一句：Butas

manycountrieshavesincefound,trainingpupilstopassexamsisnotthesameasequipping

themtousetheirhard—wonknowledgeinworkandlife.与之最接近的是选项［B］thereisgreat

differencesbetweentestandpracticaluse。其中，difference对应原文中的nolthesameas；

test对应原文中的exams；practicaluse对应原文中的useknowledgeinworkandlife。故该项为答

案。

(4).Reformersthinknewtechnologyis..(分数：2.00)

A.redundant

B.ambivalent

C.excessive

D.contributiveJ

解析：解析：根据reformers,newtechnology定位到第四段首句：Today'sreformersthinknew

tech-nologyrendersthisoldargumentredundant.其中rendersthisoldargumentredundant

使得这个老生常谈的讨论变得多余〃，其中，“argument讨论，争论”是相对不好的一个词，

“redundanl累赘的，多余的”也是一个否定词，因此该项表述是负负得正，是积极肯定的一个表达。四

个选项分别为：［A］多余的；［B］矛盾的；［C］过度的；［D］有帮助的。显然四个选项中能够表示积极肯定的

是［D］,故为答案。

(5).Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe_.(分数：2.00)

A.MathsTeaching:TimetoReform7

B.Technology:CrucialinTeaching

C.MathsTeaching:AHeadacheinEducation

D.CriticalThinking;ImportantinEducation

解析：解析：文章前三段围绕的主题都是有关mathseducation(数学教学)的，而technology,crit­

icalthinking都是文章中提到的一些关键词，并不是全文一直在讨论的中心，故文章最关键的词应该不

是这两个词，而是mathseducation,故最佳答案应该在［A］和［C］之中。文章第三、四段提到的new

maths,reformers等信息都告诉我们文章讨论的另一个关键词是“改革，革新”，因此答案为选项［A］。

Walmartisatan“inflectionpoint〃.ThosewordsaretruernowthanwhenBi11Simon,the

headofitsAmericanoperation,utteredthemlastOctober.HewastalkingaboutWalmart^s

planforthefirsttimetoopenmoresmallandmedium-sizedstoresin2014thangiant

“supercentres”,andallthatwouldmean.Nowanotherbigchangelooms.OnFebruary1stthe

companygetsanewchiefexecutive,DougMcMillon,untilnowtheheadofitsinternational

business.InsomerespectsMrMcMillonlookslikeanaturalchoicetomanageahugebeast

thatinspiresloathingandloyaltyinequalmeasure.AnativeofArkansas,Walmart'shome

state,hestartedoutinoneofthecompany'swarehouses,roseasaspecialistin

merchandising(decidinghowgoodsaredisplayedandsoldinstores)andwasheadoftheSanTs

Clubunit,storeswheremembersbuyinbulk.Genialandapproachable,MrMcMillonmaycure

thecorporateproblemthatafflictsWalmartwhenittalkstoits2.2memployees,toits

giantcustomerbase(90%ofAmericansshopthereatleastonceayear)andtocriticswhosay

itpaysmiserlywagesandsuckslifeoutoftowncentres.OnJanuary15ththeNational

LabourRelationsBoardaccusedWalmartofsackinganddiscipliningworkerswhowenton

strikein2012.Walmartsaysitactedlawfullyandclaimstopromote160,000peopleayear;

MrMcMillon^sbox-shiftingcallusesmakesuchclaimsabitmoreconvincing.Yetthe

internationalbusiness,whichhehasledsince2009,isnotthriving.Thisyearitis

expectedtoaccountfor28%ofsalesbutithasjustachieved19%ofoperatingincome.

WalmarthasreducedcostsinChinaandBrazi1afterexpandingtoofast.Confusingpolicies

onforeigninvestmentinretailinghavehamperedWalmartzzspushintoIndia.Walmartisco­

operatingwithinvestigationsintoallegationsthatexecutivesinMexicobribedofficials;

theinquirieshavebeenbroadenedtothecompany'soperationsinIndia,BrazilandChina.Mr

McMi1Ionisnottoblameforthesesetbacks,manyofwhichdatefrombeforehetookover,

butneitherhashebroughtaboutaturnaround.（分数：10.00）

（1）.Theunderlinedphrase''inflectionpoint”（Para1,Line1）isclosestto.（分数：

2.00）

A.flashpoint

B.turningpointJ

C.startingpoint

D.finishingpoint

解析：解析：根据Walmartisatanuinflectionpointw我们很难猜测inflectionpoint一词的意

思，而下文的"Thosewords•••andallthatwouldmeanw都是细节信息，也没有什么词可以定义

inflectionpoint,但是再往下我们会看到这么一句：Nowanotherbigchangelooms.其中出现了一个

关键名词change,而且强调“anotherchange另•个改变”，可见上文提到的inflectionpoint对应

change（改变，转变）。四个选项分别是：［A］燃点，［B］转折点，［C］起点，［D］终点。其中与“change改

变，转变”接近的是aturningpoint转折点”,故得出turningpoint=change=inflectionpoint,［B］

项为答案。

（2）.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichoneofthefollowingistrue?（分数：2.00）

A.MrMcMi1Ionlookslikeahugebeast.

B.SomeofWalmart'sstoresareabouttoclose.

C.AtSam“sClub,membersbuyinlargequantities.V

D.InWalmart,executivesarealsoexpertsinmerchandising.

解析：解析：选项［A］对应第二段首句，该句提到的hugebeast指的是Walmart,而不是MrMe一

Millon,选项［A］纯属曲解原文。选项［B］该段未提到，故错误。选项［C］对应该段最后一句：…the

Sam'sClubunit,storeswheremembersbuyinbulk.其中inbulk（大量）对应inlarge

quantities,故该项正确。选项［D］对应第二行：hestartedoutinoneofthecompanys

warehouses,roseasaspecialistinmerchandising…文章提到McMillon既是管理者,也是商品规划

专家，但并没有说“在沃尔玛，所有管理者都是商品规划专家”，故该项是过度引申，因而错误。

（3）.Walmartwaschargedfor.（分数：2.00）

A.payingmiserlywages

B.goingonstrikei1legally

C.restrictingworkerswithdiscipl