新教材牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册全册各单元课时练习题及单元测验

牛津译林版选择性必修第一册练习题Unit1Foodmatters -1-课时作业1 -1-课时作业2 -9-课时作业3 -18-单元综合检测 -26-Unit2Theuniversallanguage -48-课时作业1 -48-课时作业2 -56-课时作业3 -65-单元综合检测 -73-Unit3TheArtOfPainting -94-课时作业1 -94-课时作业2 -102-课时作业3 -111-单元综合检测 -118-Unit4Exploringpoetry -139-课时作业1 -139-课时作业2 -146-课时作业3 -155-单元综合检测 -162-Unit1Foodmatters课时作业1Ⅰ.单词拼写1．TheCentralBankhaslowered(降低)interestratesby2percent.2．Hepaused，waitingforhertodigest(领会)theinformation.3．Thelaboursecretarysaidthereformswouldgenerate(产生)newjobs.4．Thegreatadvantageofhome­grownorangesistheirmagnificentflavour(味道)．5．Bicyclelanescanrelieve(缓解)trafficjambyseparatingbicyclesfromcars.6．Helmetscangivecyclistsafalsesenseofsecurity(安全)．7．Shelaidthebabydowngently(轻柔地)onthebed.8．Ababy'sneedforfoodcanvary(变化)fromdaytoday.9．Themood(氛围)ofthemeetingwasdistinctlypessimistic.10．Thechildrenfellonthefoodandateitgreedily(贪婪地)．Ⅱ.阅读理解AThemodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedinNaples，Italy，butthewordpizzaisGreekinorigin，derivedfromtheGreekwordpēktosmeaningsolidorclotted.TheancientGreekscoveredtheirbreadwithoils，herbsandcheese.Thefirstmajorinnovationthatledtoflatbreadpizzawastheuseoftomatoasatopping.ItwascommonforthepooroftheareaaroundNaplestoaddtomatoestotheiryeast­basedflatbread，andsothepizzabegan.Whileitisdifficulttosayforsurewhoinventedthepizza，itishoweverbelievedthatmodernpizzawasfirstmadebybakerRaffaeleEspositoofNaples.Infact，apopularurbanlegendholdsthatthearchetypal(原型的)pizza，PizzaMargherita，wasinventedin1890，whentheRoyalPalaceofCapodimonteaskedtheNeapolitanpizzaioloRaffaeleEspositotocreateapizzainhonorofthevisitingQueenMargherita.Ofthethreedifferentpizzashecreated，theQueenstronglypreferredapiewrappedinthecolorsoftheItalianflag:red(tomato)，green(basil)，andwhite(mozzarella)．Supposedly，thiskindofpizzawasthennamedaftertheQueenasPizzaMargherita.Later，thedishhasbecomepopularinmanypartsoftheworld：●Thefirstpizzeria，AnticaPizzeriaPort'Alba，wasopenedin1830inNaples.●InNorthAmerica，thefirstpizzeriawasopenedin1905byGennaroLombardiat53SpringStreetinNewYorkCity.●ThefirstPizzaHut，thechainofpizzarestaurantsappearedintheUnitedStatesin1958.Nowadays，manyvarietiesofpizzaexistworldwide，alongwithseveraldishvariantsbaseduponpizza.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了披萨的历史起源。1．What'smainlytalkedaboutinthetext?A．Waysofmakingpizza.B．Thehistoryofpizza.C．Varietiesofpizza.D．Storiesaboutpizza.B[主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“ThemodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedinNaples，Italy，butthewordpizzaisGreekinorigin”以及文章的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了披萨的历史起源。故选B。]2．Whatcanreplacetheunderlinedword“derived”inParagraph1?A．Separated. B．Adapted.C．Originated. D．Transformed.C[词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“ThemodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedinNaples，Italy”可知，此处说的是披萨起源于希腊单词“pēktos”，故画线词意为“发源，开始”，故选C。]3．Howwaspizzafirststarted?A．AncientGreekscoveredtheirbreadwithoils，herbsandcheese.B．PeopleinNaplesaddedtomatoestotheirbreadasatopping.C．RaffaeleEspositowrappedapieinthecolorsoftheItalianflag.D．QueenMargheritaawardedhernametopizzaintheRoyalPalace.B[细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，那不勒斯人先在面包上用西红柿作为配料，由此开创了披萨这种食品，故选B。]4．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．Pizzaremainspopulararoundtheworld.B．ThefirstPizzaHutwasopenedinNaples.C．Thetasteofpizzastaysthesameovertime.D．GennaroLombardiwasthefirsttomakepizza.A[细节理解题。根据文中的“Later，thedishhasbecomepopularinmanypartsoftheworld”和“Nowadays，manyvarietiesofpizzaexistworldwide，alongwithseveraldishvariantsbaseduponpizza.”可知，披萨现在在全世界依然很受欢迎，故选A。]BAuntFanniewasBlueberryJamWoman.Ofcourseshewasn'treallymyaunt，andoutoffear，Inevercalledthattoherface.Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckle(轻笑)andmymotherlooksternly(严厉地)atbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful，andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.Ienjoyedbothreactions，soIlookedforeveryopportunitytoworkforthenameintoconversation.Asayoungwoman，mymotherhadworkedinthekitchenofalargeVictorianfarmhouseownedbyFannieCratty.FanniewasthelastoftheCrattyline;shehadnevermarried，andhadnolivingheirs(继承人)．Myfatheroncetoldmethatitwasbecauseshewastoomeantoshareherfamilywealthorpassiton.AuntFanniewasnotedforherjam，andforneversharingtherecipewithanotherlivingsoul.Eventhoughmymotherknewitbyheart，aslongasAuntFanniewasalive，shenevermadethejamwithoutMissCrattyinourkitchentodirecttheprocessandpreservethesecret.Oneyear，afterIhadbeenparticularlyhelpfulwiththejam­makingprocess.AuntFanniegavemeaquarterandthenmademepromiseIwouldneverspendit.“Holdontothisquarter，”shesaid，“andsomedayyouwillberich.Istillhavemyfirstveryquarter.”Ithadobviouslyworkedforher，soIputthat1938quarterinasmallbox，putitinmydresserdrawer，andwaitedtobecomerich.Inowhavetheblueberry­jamrecipeandthequarterfromAuntFannie.Neitherhassignificantlycontributedtomywealth，butIkeepthemtoremindmyselftoholdontothevaluablethingsinlife.Moneycanmakeyoufeelrichforawhile，butitisyourrelationships，andyourmemoriesoftimespentwithfriendsandfamily，thattrulyleaveyouwealthy.Andthatisafortunethatanyonecanbuild.【语篇解读】作者通过讲述Fannie姨妈和她的蓝莓酱配方，向我们说明金钱只可以暂时让人感觉富有，唯有和他人的关系以及和朋友、家人们一起度过的美好时光才会让我们变得真正富有。5．Wheredidthe“fear”mentionedinthefirstparagraphcomefrom?A．Thatyear'sblueberryharvesthadbeenpoor.B．AuntFanniewastoooldtokeepmakingjam.C．Theauthor'smothercouldn'thelpAuntFannieharvesttheblueberries.D．TheauthorknewitwasimpolitetocallAuntFannieBlueberryJamWoman.D[推理判断题。根据第一段中“AuntFanniewasBlueberryJamWoman.Ofcourseshewasn'treallymyaunt，andoutoffear，Inevercalledthattoherface.Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckleandmymotherlooksternlyatbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful，andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.”可推知，第一段提到作者出于“恐惧”，是因为作者知道称呼Fannie阿姨“蓝莓果酱女士”是不礼貌的。故选D。]6．Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat________．A．AuntFanniehadnochildrenB．AuntFanniewaswillingtoshareherrecipeC．theauthoroftenhelpedAuntFanniemakejamD．theauthor'smotheralwaysmadethejamaloneA[细节理解题。根据第二段中“shehadnevermarried，andhadnolivingheirs”可知，她从未结过婚，也没有继承人。由此可知，Fannie姨妈没有孩子。故选A。]7．Whatdidtheauthor'smotherfeeltowardsAuntFannie?A．Disgusted. B．Surprised.C．Affectionate. D．Disappointed.C[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckleandmymotherlooksternlyatbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful，andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.”以及第二段中“Eventhoughmymotherknewitbyheart，aslongasAuntFanniewasalive，shenevermadethejamwithoutMissCrattyinourkitchentodirecttheprocessandpreservethesecret.”可推知，作者的妈妈不允许丈夫和作者不礼貌地称呼Fannie姨妈“蓝莓果酱女士”，以及虽然已经知道果酱的做法，还是要在Fannie姨妈在场的时候才制作这种果酱，可推知，作者的母亲对Fannie姨妈很有感情。故选C。]8．Whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?A．Tomakenewfriendseasily.B．Nottoputapriceongenerosity.C．Nottothinkofkindnessasaburden.D．Totreasurethetimespentwithfamilyandfriends.D[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Neitherhassignificantlycontributedtomywealth，butIkeepthemtoremindmyselftoholdontothevaluablethingsinlife.Moneycanmakeyoufeelrichforawhile，butitisyourrelationships，andyourmemoriesoftimespentwithfriendsandfamily，thattrulyleaveyouwealthy.Andthatisafortunethatanyonecanbuild.”可推知，作者想告诉我们要珍惜与家人和朋友在一起的时间。故选D。]Ⅲ.阅读七选五Winterisoftenbitterlycold，whichoftenmakesusstayindoorsmoreinsteadofheadingouttoexercise.Worsestill，therearemanyvirusesdoingtheirbesttomakeyousick.Andsneezing，coughingandnoseblowingmaketheroomsahabitatforviruses.1．Touchingadoorknoborshakingahandmaymakeyougetsick.Althoughitmaysoundterrible，therearestillsomethingsyoucandotoavoidviruses.Hereareseveralsimpletipstostayhealthyinwinters.WashyourhandsYoupickupviruseseverywhereandtheyliveonyourhands，sowashyourhandsanddoitoften.2.Butifthat'snotavailable，useanalcohol­basedhandsanitizer(消毒杀菌剂)．3．Avoidtouchingyoureyes，noseandmouthwithyourhands.That'sonewayvirusescangetintoyourbody.Gettheflushot(疫苗)4，butgettingtheflushotlowersyourchancesofgettingtheflu.Forexample，gettingtheflushotlastyearresultedina34%lowerriskofcomingdownwiththeflu.Avoidsickpeople5．Virusesspreadveryeasilythroughtheair，sokeepatleastsixfeetbetweenyouandthesneezing，snifflingandcoughingperson.A．It'snoguaranteeB．TakecareofyourfaceC．KeepyourhandsawayfromyourfaceD．ThebestwayistouseregularsoapandwaterE．ItiseasyforvirusestospreadfrompersontopersonF．Ifsomeonearoundyouissick，thenkeepyourdistanceG．Becausetherearealwayssomeunexpectedthingsinlife【语篇解读】冬天常常非常冷，这使得我们更多地待在室内而不愿出去锻炼。而打喷嚏、咳嗽和擤鼻涕使这些房间成为病毒的栖息地。文章就此提出了一些在冬天保持健康的简单建议。1．E[根据下文“Touchingadoorknoborshakingahandmaymakeyougetsick.”触碰门把手或握手都有可能使你生病，可知病毒在人与人之间很容易传播，故选E。]2．D[根据上文“sowashyourhandsanddoitoften”可知，强调要多洗手，故下文应为说明如何洗手，故可对应到D选项“最好的方法是使用普通的肥皂和水”，故选D。]3．C[根据下文“Avoidtouchingyoureyes，noseandmouthwithyourhands.”避免用手触摸眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴。可知，眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴都是脸上的器官，因此本句应为“让手远离你的脸”，故选C。]4．A[根据下文“butgettingtheflushotlowersyourchancesofgettingtheflu”可知，注射流感疫苗会降低患流感的几率，故可推理注射疫苗并不能保证不被传染，故选A。]5．F[根据下文“Virusesspreadveryeasilythroughtheair，sokeepatleastsixfeetbetweenyouandthesneezing，snifflingandcoughingperson.”病毒很容易在空气中传播，所以你和打喷嚏、擤鼻涕和咳嗽的人之间至少要保持6英尺的距离，可知，本段强调要和周围生病的人保持距离。故选F。]课时作业2Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It'sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisonetoemploy(employ)asecurityofficer.2．Wecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget(get)there.3．Theyoftenseemtodislike(dislike)beingquestioned.4．Hisnewideawastomake(make)theshellshapeontheroofintotheshapeofaball.5．Itisessentialtoknow(know)somethingaboutacomputer.6．YoungWertherthrewhimself(him)intonaturetofeeltheforceoflifeandthejoyofliving.7．Hehastoldmehisplansandhe'smadeagoodimpression(impress)onme.8．Itisourdutytokeep(keep)ourenvironmentcleanandtidy.9．It'spossibletogive(give)withoutloving，butitisnotpossibletolovewithoutgiving.10．Herjobistolook(look)afterthechildren.Ⅱ.阅读理解WhengoldwasdiscoveredinColoma，Californiain1848，newstravelledfastandmanywenttheretofindtheirfortune.Before1849，Californiawasaplacefocusingmainlyonagriculture.Aswordofthegolddiscoveryspread，manypeoplelefttheirfieldstoseektheirfortune.Withmoreandmoretravellersarriving，restaurantsandhotelswerebuilttofeedandaccommodate(提供住宿)them.Ontheminingsites，menwereoftenforcedtocookforthemselvessincefewgolddiggerswerewomen.Intheearlydays，bothfoodandricheswereplentifulandminerscoulduncover$2，000worthofgoldinjustoneday.Whenitcametofood，therewereplentyofwildanimalstobehunted，andmeat，beansandcoffeecouldbepurchasedatareasonableprice.Timesappearedtobegood.Overtime，becausethemajorityoffoodinCaliforniahadtobeimported，itbecameveryexpensive.Simplefoodslikeeggsandbreadweresoldforonedollarapiecein1849.Besides，fruitandvegetableswerescarce(缺乏的)．Therefore，manygolddiggerscouldn'tgetenoughfood，andsomeevenhadnofoodatallatlast.Butthegolddiggersalsohatedtotearthemselvesawayfromtheirsearchforgoldandturnedtoquickandsimplemealsthatcouldbecookedoverhotashes.DuringtheGoldRush，SanFrancisco'sfamoussourdough(酸面团)breadbecameamaintypeoffood.Minerswouldoftenbuyapieceinthemorningthatwouldbeeatenslowlythroughouttheday.TheBoudinfamily，whocamefromFrance，waspartlyresponsibleforputtingSanFranciscosourdoughonthemap.TheBoudinbakeryhasusedthesamesourdough，apieceofso­calledmotherdoughsince1849.Andwhenthe1906earthquakehit，LouiseBoudinmanagedtosavesomesourdough，ensuringthateachpieceofbreadthatcamefromthebakerywouldbelinkedthroughouthistory.SofartheBoudinbakeryhasremainedinCalifornia，usingthesourdoughthatisthesameastheonein1849.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚淘金热时期的一种食物——旧金山酸面团面包的由来。1．WhatchangetookplaceinCaliforniaafter1849?A．Theenvironmentgotdamagedbygolddiggers.B．Golddiggersfromoutsidebecameitsmainpopulation.C．Thegoldindustrypushedeachotherforward.D．BusinessofeatingandlivingdevelopedduetotheGoldRush.D[细节理解题。根据第一段“Before1849，California...focusingmainlyon...”及“With...restaurantsandhotelswerebuiltto...”可知，1849年后，随着淘金者的涌入，加利福尼亚的餐饮住宿业发展了起来。]2．WhatcanweinferaboutgolddiggersfromParagraph3?A．Manysadlyleftwithoutanygold.B．Manyhadtobringfoodfromhome.C．Manylikelyendedupwithpoorhealth.D．Manyprobablyturnedtouniqueingredients.C[推理判断题。根据第三段“...fruitandvegetableswerescarce...manygolddiggerscouldn'tgetenoughfood，andsomeevenhadnofoodatallatlast.”可推断，由于食物短缺，淘金者的健康受到影响，身体很可能变差。]3．What'sBoudinfamily'scontributiontoCalifornia?A．Helpingdiscoverlotsofgoldthere.B．Rescuingmanypeoplefromtheearthquake.C．CreatingatypeoftastybreadforCaliformans.D．PassingdownsomefoodcultureintheGoldRush.D[细节理解题。根据第四段“TheBoudinbakeryhasusedthesamesourdough...wouldbelinkedthroughouthistory.”可知，Boudinbakery一直使用从淘金热时期延续至今的酸面团，传承了淘金热时期的饮食文化。]4．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheOriginofSanFranciscoSourdoughB．TheHistoricalChangesofCaliforniaC．TheToughLifeofEarlyGoldDiggersD．TheRiseandFalloftheGoldRushA[标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚淘金热时期出现的一种酸面团面包。]Ⅲ.完形填空Iremembermyfirstdaytogotoanewschoolinthe2ndgrade.Mydadaccompaniedmetothebusstop.Aswewaitedforthebus，Ijustheldhishand1，butitstillcouldn'tremovemyclearsenseoffearandanxiety.ThemomentfinallyarrivedatwhichIhadto2thisnewenvironmentataschoolwhereIhadnofriends，no3teachersorclassmates.Itseemedeverythingwouldbefullof4．Theschoolbuspulledup.Iturnedaroundand5tomyfather.AsIboardedthebus，my6continuedtogrowandIturnedaroundonceagaintomakeafarewellgesturetomydad.Whenthebuspulledaway，Icouldn'thelp7．Beinglonely，Iwasvery8intheclassroom.IglancedoutofthewindowandIreallyexpectedtoseehiskindfigure.Tomy9，therehewas!Hestoodthere，makingtheshapeofaheartto10meandmouthingtome，“Everythingwillbeokay.”Itwas11tomethatmyfatherhadseenmecryingsohe12theschoolbus.HewantedtomakesurethatIwouldgetandstaythere13andthatmyfirstdaywouldn'tworryhim.Withhis14，I'mnowstudyinginPrincetonUniversity.TodayisFather'sDay，andIwanttosaythatloveisnotaboutchangingeachotherbut15eachother.【语篇解读】文章讲述了“我”在新学校上二年级的第一天感到非常的焦虑和紧张。父亲害怕“我”不适应新的环境，选择在学校偷偷陪着“我”。当“我”望向窗外时，父亲对“我”比了一个心来安慰我。1．A.calmly B．gentlyC．sincerely D．firmlyD[通过下文“itstillcouldn'tremovemyclearsenseoffearandanxiety”可知，作者第一天上学非常紧张，所以这时紧紧地牵着父亲的手。故选D。]2．A.callon B．engageinC．adaptto D．learnfromC[根据上文“Iremembermyfirstdaytogotoanewschoolinthe2ndgrade.”以及下文“thisnewenvironmentataschoolwhereIhadnofriends”可知，作者是第一天到这个新学校上学，在学校里没有认识的人，所以不得不去适应新环境。故选C。]3．A.familiar B．normalC．motivated D．strictA[根据上文“thisnewenvironmentataschool”可知，这个学校对于作者是全新的，所以里面没有熟悉的老师。故选A。]4．A.fantasies B．energyC．hope D．challengesD[根据上文“myclearsenseoffearandanxiety”以及“thisnewenvironmentataschool”可知，作者对于新环境感到十分害怕和担忧，所以作者感觉充满挑战。故选D。]5．A.waved B．wentC．listened D．pointedA[根据上文“Theschoolbuspulledup.”可知，校车到站了，作者要离开父亲去学校了，所以要挥手和父亲告别。故选A。]6．A.ambition B．sadnessC．curiosity D．shockB[根据下文“Iturnedaroundonceagaintomakeafarewellgesturetomydad”可知，作者再次转过身来和父亲说再见，由此可知，作者非常舍不得离开父亲，心里十分难过。故选B。]7．A.blaming B．thinkingC．jumping D．cryingD[根据下文“myfatherhadseenmecrying”可知，作者一离开父亲就难过地哭了起来。故选D。]8．A.ashamed B．puzzledC．inactive D．excitedC[根据上文“beinglonely”可知，作者在学校非常的孤独，所以很不活跃。故选C。]9．A.embarrassment B．regretC．amusement D．surpriseD[根据上文“Ireallyexpectedtoseehiskindfigure”可知，作者非常期待在窗外看到自己的父亲。所以当作者看到父亲在窗外时，感到大吃一惊。故选D。]10．A.approve B．instructC．comfort D．praiseC[根据父亲所说的“Everythingwillbeokay.”可知，父亲是在安慰作者。故选C。]11．A.important B．unknownC．strange D．commonB[根据上文“Ireallyexpectedtoseehiskindfigure”可知，作者想看到父亲，由此推断出作者对父亲所做的一切都不知道。故选B。]12．A.followed B．stoppedC．transformed D．controlledA[根据上文“myfatherhadseenmecrying”以及下文“HewantedtomakesurethatIwouldgetandstaythere________andthatmyfirstdaywouldn'tworryhim.”可知，父亲在看到作者哭泣后非常担心，于是就跟着校车到学校来陪伴作者在校的第一天。故选A。]13．A.quietly B．safelyC．nervously D．freelyB[根据下文“myfirstdaywouldn'tworryhim”可知，父亲担心作者在新学校的第一天，所以父亲选择到学校看看作者是否安全到达并待在那里。故选B。]14．A.education B．understandingC．care D．adviceC[根据上文父亲对作者所做的一切可知，父亲十分关心并且照顾作者。故选C。]15．A.supporting B．judgingC．warning D．trainingA[根据上文“Iwanttosaythatloveisnotaboutchangingeachother”以及父亲对作者所做的一切可知，作者认为爱并不是改变彼此，而是要在处于困境时支持彼此。故选A。]Ⅳ.语法填空Inyourdailylife，therearemanyexampleswhereyourparentscontrolhundredsof1.________(thing)foryouwhenyouareakid，suchastheclothesyouwear，thefoodyoueat，whereyougoandhowyougetthere.Itisagoodthing.Kidsneedthiskindofprotectionandhelpbecausetheyarenotoldenoughtotakecareof2.________(they)andmakedecisions3.________(correct)．Butwithkids4.________(grow)older，thepartofbeingateenisdevelopingyourownidentity—one5.________isseparatedfromyourparents'.6.________(differ)attitudestowardseventslikepartiesmayleadtoarguments，becauseyourparentswillalwayswanttoprotectyouandkeepyousafe，nomatterhowoldyouare.As7.________result，yourparentsfeelithard8.________(get)usedtothenewsituationwithincreasinganxiety.Whatkidsshouldkeep9.________mindisthatinmostcases，yourparentscanrelatetowhatyou'regoingthroughbecausethey10.________(be)teensonce.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了父母和孩子之间的关系，父母管理孩子的衣食住行同时也帮孩子做决定，但是随着孩子渐渐长大他们有了自己的想法后就会和父母产生矛盾，作者建议双方都要从对方的角度看待问题，多体谅理解对方。1．things[考查名词。thing是可数名词指代事情或物，前面有hundredsof来修饰，所以要用复数。句意：当你还是孩子的时候你父母替你管理许多事情。故填things。]2．themselves[考查代词。句子“theyarenotoldenoughtotakecareof________(they)”主语they指代上文提到的孩子们，根据句意他们年龄还不够大去照顾自己，可知用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。]3．correctly[考查副词。correct有形容词和动词两种用法，意思分别是“正确的”和“修正”，makedecisions“做决定”，是动词词组，所以应用副词correctly来修饰。句意：他们年龄还不够大去照顾自己和做正确的决定。故填correctly。]4．growing[考查动词。这里是“with＋名词/代词＋todo/doing/done”的用法，要分析名词/代词和后面动词之间的关系，表示将来用todo，表示主动关系用doing，表示已经完成/被动用done。kids和grow是主动关系，应用growing。句意：但是随着孩子长大，青少年成长的一部分就是发展自己的个性。故填growing。]5．that[考查定语从句。这里one指代前面的identity，并作后面定语从句的先行词。先行词是one，定语从句用that引导。句意：你自己的个性和你父母的不同。故填that。]6．Different[考查形容词。attitudes是名词，意为“态度”，所以要用形容词different来修饰。句意：对待事情的不同态度会导致纷争。故填Different。]7．a[考查冠词。asaresult“结果”，是固定搭配，用冠词a。句意：结果，你的父母感觉很难适应新状况。故填a。]8．toget[考查动词。句型：sb.findit＋形容词＋todo，这个句子里的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式toget。句意：你的父母感觉很难适应新状况。故填toget。]9．in[考查介词。固定搭配keepsth.inmind“记住”，用介词in。句意：孩子们应该记住在大多数情况下你的父母会理解你所经历的一切。故填in。]10．were[考查时态。once在这里是曾经的意思，所以be用一般过去式，主语是复数they，故用were。句意：他们曾经是青少年。故填were。]课时作业3Ⅰ.阅读理解AChildrenwhodrinkmoremilkdonotnecessarilydevelophealthierbones，researcherssaidonMondayinareportthatstressesexerciseandmodestconsumptionofcalcium­rich(含钙丰富的)foodssuchastofuandbroccoli(花椰菜)．ThereportdrewitsconclusionsfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesandwaswrittenbyresearchersfromthePhysiciansCommitteeforResponsibleMedicine，whichadvocatesastrictvegetariandiet.“Underscientificstudy，thesupportforthemilkmythisdefeated.Thisanalysisof58publishedstudiesshowsthattheevidenceonwhichU．S.milkintakerecommendationsarebasedisscant．”SaidstudyauthorDr.AmyLanouinastatement.TheU．S.governmenthasgraduallyincreasedrecommendationsfordailycalciumintake，largelyfrommilkproducts.ButthePhysiciansCommittee'sreportsaidincreasingconsumptionofmilkproductswasnotnecessarilythebestwaytoprovidethenecessarycalciumintakeofatleast400milligramsperday.Otherwaystogettheabsorbablecalciumfoundinonecupofcow'smilkincludeacupoforangejuice，twopackagesofinstantoats(燕麦)，two­thirdscupoftofu，or1­2/3cupsofbroccoli，thereportsaid.Anditalsopointedoutthatmilkproductsprovide18percentofthetotalfatenergyand25percentofthetotalfatintakeinthedietsofAmericanchildrenwhoaredevelopingincreasingratesofobesity.FrankGreer，whospecializesinchildren'sillnessesattheUniversityofWisconsininMadison，saidtheidealwaytoachievethegoalofhealthybonesistomakesurechildrenexerciseandconsumeupto1，300milligramsadayofcalcium.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了仅喝牛奶不能让孩子骨骼强健，理想的方式是进行适当的锻炼和食用含钙的食物。1．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．CalciumisMoreImportantThanMilkB．VegetarianDietBecomesPopularC．HowtoGetRidofObesityD．DoesMoreMilkReallyBenefitUs?D[标题归纳题。本文通过一个研究结论颠覆了传统的思想——喝牛奶可满足孩子对钙的需求。除此之外，适当的锻炼和蔬菜水果也是补钙的途径，故答案为D项。]2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scant”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymean?A．Accurate. B．Enough.C．Notenough. D．Inaccurate.C[词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“美国政府逐渐增加每天的钙的摄入量”可推知，原来的摄入量是不够的，故选C项。]3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedasawaytogetabsorbablecalcium?A．Drinkingcow'smilk.B．Drinkingorangejuice.C．Takingmoreexercise.D．Eatingsometofu.C[细节理解题。第一段中提到要使青少年的骨骼健康只喝牛奶是不够的，还需要适当的锻炼和食用含钙的食物，如豆腐和花椰菜，可知A、D两项正确，C项不正确；根据第三段中的第三句可知B项正确。]4．Wecanseefromthepassagethat________．A．Americanchildren'sobesityhassomethingtodowithmilkintakeB．theU．S.governmenthasrealizedexerciseisimportantforhealthierbonesC．researchersareallagainstchildren'scalciumintakefrommilkproductsD．childrencandevelophealthierbonesonlybyconsumingmilkproductsA[推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，牛奶产品占那些变得肥胖的儿童的脂肪摄入量的25%，由此可推断牛奶的摄入和儿童的肥胖有关。]BUKphysicistIsaacNewtononcesaid，“Natureispleasedwithsimplicityandnatureisnodummy(傻子)．”Indeed，MotherNaturecanprovidealmosteverythinghumanbeingsneedifwefollowherrules.Butifwebreaktherules，sheislikelytobecruel.Theoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(新型冠状病毒肺炎，NCP)inChinaandsomeothercountriesisanexample.AccordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency，thenewcoronavirusissimilartoavirusfoundinabatin2017andprobablyhasanintermediatehost(中间宿主)．IfitisbelievedthatthevirusoriginatedfromtheHuananSeafoodMarketinWuhan，HubeiProvince，wherelivewildanimalsweresold.TheWallStreetJournalreportedthatDr.PeterDaszak，presidentoftheUS­basedhealthorganizationEcoHealthAlliance，said，“Thisoutbreakisalessonforus.Onaglobalscale，humanpopulationdensity(密度)，wildlifediversity，andlandusechangearewhatdrivenewpandemics(流行病)．”Inancienttimes，peopleneededtorelyonnaturetosurvivesotheyhelditinawe(敬畏)．Forexample，theAmericanIndiansbelievedthathumansareapartofnatureandnatureisapailofhumans.Chineseancientsalwayspursuedtheharmonybetweennatureandhumanbeings.However，ashumanbeingsmastermoreknowledgeandmakemoreadvancedtools，peopletrytochangeandevenconquernature.Theyusemorelandtomakebuildings，geneticallymodifyplants，capturesomewildandrareanimalstosuittheirownneeds.Inthisprocess，humansgraduallylosecontactwithnatureandeventhrowitoutofbalance.Forexample，cuttingalargenumberofforestsmeanscarbondioxidemustbuildupintheatmosphereanditcontributestoglobalwarming.Althoughwedon'tknowforsurewhatfirstcausedtheNCPoutbreak，BrianLamacraftatMediumsaidit'stimeforpeopleto“reflectonourrelationshipwithourplant”reconnectwiththisworldandeverythingthatwe'vebeengiven.Afterall，accordingtoUSpoetGarySnyder，“Natureisnottheplacetovisit.It'sourhome.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过实例来说明NCP病毒的大爆发的原因，以及人类是如何侵占地球、滥用地球资源的。并告诉人类自然不是来参观的地方，而是我们的家。5．WhydoestheauthorgivetheexampleoftheNCPinParagraph2?A．Becauseitresultsfromhumansgoingagainstnature.B．Becauseithascausedwidespreadsuffering.C．Becauseitbrokeoutatthebeginningofthisyear.D．Becauseitissimilartoanotherpandemic.A[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“However，ashumanbeingsmastermoreknowledgeandmakemoreadvancedtools，peopletrytochangeandevenconquernature.Theyusemorelandtomakebuildings，geneticallymodifyplants，capturesomewildandrareanimalstosuittheirownneeds.Inthisprocess，humansgraduallylosecontactwithnatureandeventhrowitoutofbalance.”可知，人类这些活动是违反大自然规律的，因为这样最终引发了流行疫情的爆发，故选A。]6．WhatlessondidDaszakthinkhumanbeingsshouldlearnfromtheNCPoutbreak?A．Batsareoneofthemostdangerouswildanimals.B．It'simpossibletopreventnewpandemicsglobally.C．Weshouldstopthewildlifetradearoundtheworld.D．Humansshouldlivepeacefullywithnature.D[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Onaglobalscale，humanpopulationdensity，wildlifediversity，andlandusechangearewhatdrivenewpandemics.”判断出我们应该和大自然和谐相处才是正道。D选项切合文意，故选D。]7．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?A．Howhumanbeingsbecometheirownmasters.B．Howhumanactivitiescauseglobalwarming.C．Howhumanbeingsbreakthebalanceofnature.D．Howhumansusetechnologytoimprovetheirlives.C[段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，选项C切合文意，故选C。]8．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A．ToreflectontheNCPoutbreak.B．ToexplainwhatledtotheNCPoutbreak.C．Todescribeexperts，predictionsonnewpandemics.D．Tocompareancientandmodernattitudestowardnature.A[写作意图题。根据最后一段“it'stimeforpeopleto‘reflectonourrelationshipwithourplanet’(到了该人们反思我们和这颗星球的关系了)”。以及“Natureisnottheplacetovisit.It'sourhome.(自然不是来参观的地方，它是我们的家)”。因此可以推出作者的写作目的是为了反思NCP疫情的爆发。故选A。]Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Growingup'myparentsandolderbrothersallsmoked.Beingachildofthe80s，itwasnormalfortheadultstobesmokinginsideandduringtripsinthecar.Therejustwasn'tthesameawarenessofthedangersofsecond­handsmokeexposurethatthereistoday.IrememberthedaywhenIstartedsmoking.Iwas11.Iwastryingtoimpressoneofthe“badboys”atschool.IstoletobaccofrommyfatherandratherclumsilyrolledacigarettethatItooktoschoolwithme.Smokinggavemeasenseofautonomyandchoiceovermyownlife，andat11itwastheultimateactofrebellion.SoonIgotaddictedtoitandwastakingcigarettesfromdad'spacketsonaregularbasis.Iknewheneverstartedcountingthemuntilhehadlessthanhalfapackleft.AfterawhileIgotcaught