隧道施工项目一隧道结构物课件

Tunnelconstruction

隧道施工

项目一隧道结构物Item1Tunnelstructures任务三铁路隧道附属建筑物Task3RailwayTunnelAccessories学习目标

Learningobjectives2知识目标通过本任务的学习，学生应熟悉避车洞的布置原则和方法；了解电缆槽的布置要求。knowledgeobjectivesThroughthestudyofthistask,studentsshouldbefamiliarwiththelayoutprincipleandmethodofrefugehole;Understandthelayoutrequirementsofcablegroove.学习目标

Learningobjectives3能力目标通过本任务的学习，学生能绘制避车洞的平面布置图；认识电缆槽构造；具有沟通交流、团结协作的能力。abilityobjectivesBylearningthistask,studentscandrawthelayoutoftherefugehole;Havetheabilityofcommunicationandteamwork.附属建筑物：隧道的附属建筑物是为了养护、维修工作的方便以及供电、通信等方面的要求而修筑的。包括：防排水设施、避车洞、电缆槽、长大隧道的通风设施。Ancillarybuildings:Thetunnel'sancillarybuildingsarebuiltfortheconvenienceofmaintenanceandmaintenancework,aswellasfortherequirementsofpowersupplyandcommunication.Including:Drainagefacilities,carshelterhole,cablegroove,longtunnelventilationfacilities.一、避车洞

Ⅰ.Refugehole1、定义：列车通过隧道时，为保证洞内人员及维修设备安全，在隧道两侧边墙上交错均匀地修建了洞室，用于躲避列车，故称之为避车洞。避车洞可以分为：大避车洞：存放维修设备与材料小避车洞：方便人员躲避列车1.Definition:Whenthetrainpassesthroughthetunnel,inordertoensurethesafetyofpersonnelandmaintenanceequipmentinthetunnel,holesarebuiltonthetwosidewallsofthetunneltoavoidthetrain,soitiscalledtherefugehole.Refugeholecanbedividedinto:Largerefugehole:storageofmaintenanceequipmentandmaterialsSmallrefugehole:convenientforpeopletoavoidtrains一、避车洞

Ⅰ.Refugehole2、避车洞布置大、小避车洞应交错设置于两侧边墙内，大避车洞之间设置小避车洞。隧道长度小于300ｍ时，可不设大避车洞；长度为300～400ｍ时，可在隧道中部设一个大避车洞。洞口接桥或路堑，当桥上无避车台或路堑侧沟无平台时，应与隧道一并考虑设置大避车洞。设计速度160km/h的隧道内，避车洞应沿洞壁设置钢制扶手。2.LayoutoftherefugeholeLargeandsmallrefugeholesshouldbearrangedinastaggeredwayonbothsidesofthewall,andasmallrefugeholeisarrangedbetweenthebigrefugeholes.Whenthetunnellengthislessthan300m,itisnotnecessarytosetupalargerefugehole.Whenthelengthis300~400m,alargerefugeholecanbesetinthemiddleofthetunnel.Theentranceisconnectedwithabridgeoracutting.Whenthereisnovehicleescapeplatformonthebridgeornoplatformintheditchbesidethecutting,alargevehicleescapeholeshouldbesetuptogetherwiththetunnel.Inthetunnelwithadesignspeedof160km/h,steelhandrailsshouldbeinstalledalongthewallofthevehicleshelterhole.名称一侧间距（m)尺寸宽深中心高大避车洞有咋轨道3004.02.52.8无咋轨道420小避车洞有咋轨道602.01.02.2无咋轨道有咋轨道无砟轨道避车洞布置图Layoutoftherefugehole一、避车洞

Ⅰ.Refugehole3、避车洞底部标高设置原则：便于维修小车和人员避入（1）直线段且有人行道时避车洞底面与人行道顶面齐平；（2）直线段无人行道时避车洞底面与道碴顶面(或侧沟盖板顶面)齐平，采用整体道床时，与道床面齐平；（3）采用碎石道床的曲线段隧道上，在各种不同的超高值E时，线路内侧和外侧的避车洞底面低于内轨顶面的高度分别为h1及h2；3.ElevationatthebottomoftheholeSettingprinciple:easytomaintainthecarandpersonnelshelter(1)thebottomofthecarholeisflushwiththetopofthesidewalkwhenthereisastraightlinesegmentandasidewalk;(2)whenthereisnosidewalkinthestraightlinesection,thebottomoftheholetoavoidthecarisflushwiththetopsurfaceoftheballast(orthetopsurfaceofthesideditchcover),andthewholetrackbedisflushwiththetrackbedsurface;(3)Inthecurvedsectionoftunnelwithgravelbed,atvariousultrahighvaluesE,theheightofthebottomsurfaceofthevehicleshelterholeontheinsideandoutsidesideofthelineish1andh2respectively,whichislowerthanthetopsurfaceoftheinnerrail;避车洞底部标高示意图Elevationdiagramofthebottomoftherefugehole4、避车洞净空大小4.Theclearancesizeoftherefugehole避车洞基本尺寸Basicdimensionsofrefugehole◆避车洞衬砌类型与隧道衬砌类型相适应Thetypeoftunnelliningconformstothetypeoftunnellining一、避车洞

Ⅰ.Refugehole二、电缆槽

Ⅱ.Cablegroove1、概念当铁路通信、信号电缆通过隧道时，为了避免电缆被毁坏、腐蚀，以保证通信、信号工作的安全，应在隧道内设置电缆槽。2电缆槽设置要求通信、信号电缆可设在同一电缆槽内；通信、信号电缆必须和电力电缆分槽铺设；电缆槽应设盖板，盖板顶面应与避车洞底面、水沟盖板顶面或道床顶面齐平。1.ConceptWhenrailwaycommunicationandsignalcablespassthroughthetunnel,cablegroovesshallbesetupinthetunnelinordertoavoiddamageandcorrosionofthecablesandensurethesafetyofcommunicationandsignalwork.2CablegroovesettingrequirementsCommunicationandsignalcablescanbelocatedinthesamecablegroove;Communicationandsignalcablesmustbelaidinslotswithpowercables;Thecablegrooveshallbeprovidedwithacoverplate,andthetopsurfaceofthecoverplateshallbeflushwiththebottomsurfaceofthevehiclehole,thetopsurfaceoftheditchcoverplateorthetopsurfaceofthetrackbed.二、电缆槽

Ⅱ.Cablegroove3、电缆槽构造和材料电缆槽用混凝土浇筑，槽内铺以细砂做垫层，保护穿越隧道的照明、通讯、信号及电力等电缆。为使电缆槽内不积水，每隔3～5ｍ设流水槽一道。3.CablegroovestructureandmaterialThecablegrooveismadeofconcrete,andthegrooveiscoveredwithfinesandtoprotectthecablesoflighting,communication,signalandpowerthroughthetunnel.Inordertomakethereisnowaterinthecablegroove,aflowflumeissetevery3~5m.

二、电缆槽

Ⅱ.Cablegroove4、余长电缆槽隧道长度大于500m时，需在设有电缆槽的同侧大避车洞内设置余长电缆槽；隧道长500～1000ｍ，可在中部设一处；大于1000ｍ，每500ｍ增设一处；为便于电缆维修时使用余长电缆，槽内除电缆位置以外的空间全部用粗砂回填。4.RedundantcabletrayWhenthelengthofthetunnelisgreaterthan500m,theremaininglengthcablegrooveshallbeprovidedinthesamesideofthetunnelwithcablegroove.Thetunnelis500~1000mlongandcanbesetupinthemiddle.Morethan1000m,oneadditionalplaceforevery500m;Inordertofacilitatetheuseofextralengthcableduringcablemaintenance,allthespaceintheslotexceptthecablepositionshouldbebackfilledwithcoarsesand.二、电缆槽

Ⅱ.Cablegroove5、其他设施隧道内需设置无人增音站时，其位置可根据通信要求确定，亦可与大避车洞结合使用，但应将大避车洞加深2.5m。当不能结合时，应另行修建无人增音站，其尺寸与大避车洞相同。同时修建相邻双孔隧道时，在相邻双孔隧道之间设置巡查、维修、救援等使用的行人横通道。电力牵引的长隧道，设置存放维修接触网的绝缘梯车洞，尺寸2.5×2.5×6.0m，其间距为500m。5.OtherfacilitiesWhentheunmannedrepeaterstationisinstalledinthetunnel,itspositioncanbedeterminedaccordingtothecommunicationrequirements,anditcanalsobeusedincombinationwiththetunnel,butthetunnelshouldbedeepenedby2.5m.Whenitcannotbecombined,anunmannedrepeaterstationshouldbebuiltseparately,thesizeofwhichisthesameasthatofthebigdodgecarhole.Whenadjacentdouble-holetunnelsareconstructedatthesametime,cross-walksforinspection,maintenanceandrescueshallbesetupbetweenadjacentdouble-holetunnels.Thelongtunnelofelectrictractionisprovidedwithaninsulatingladderandcarholeforstoringandmaintainingtheoverheadcontactnet,withthesizeof2.5×2.5×6.0mandthespacing