Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Reading and Thinking 语言点 课件【知识精讲精研】高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Book3unit3ReadingandThinkingLanguagePointssettle猜猜settle的释义♣Rememberthateverythingcanbesettledbydiscussion.♣I’mgladtolearnthatyou’vesettleddowninBostonandaregettingusedtothelocalwayoflife.♣TheysettledinatacomfortableEastSidecafeandwithinminutes,anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable.

vi&vt坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置

togetintoorputsbintoacomfortableposition：Shesettledherselfintoherchairandstartedtoread.

vi&vt（移民、殖民）定居（于）tomakeaplaceyourpermanenthome：Historically,Chineseimmigrantssettledintheareaduringtherailroadconstructionandgoldrushperiod.ThisregionwassettledbytheDutchinthe19thcentury.

vi&vt对某事达成一致意见；解决：settleanargument/aproblem解决一个争论/一个问题

vt

[常用于被动语态]确定；决定：

ItwassettledthattheywouldgetmarriedinJune.确定/决定……settlev词源义cometorest课文1.Shebreatheddeeplytosettlehernerves.2.Abutterflysettledonaredflower.3.Backinthehotel,anairofsadnesssettledoverthegroup.4.Depressionsettledoverherlikeaheavyblackcloud.5.Thehousehadbeenemptyforyears,anddusthadsettledonallthefurniture.

根据settle的基本义cometorest，猜猜下列句子中settle的意思。使平静降落/停留围绕围绕降落停止移动、定下来settle基本义人停止移动人停止奔波停止或结束争论分歧等对某事达成一致意见；解决定居坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置计划、安排、行程等定下来（使）平静；（使）安定情绪等定下来抽象事物停止移动降落；停留围绕；充满物停止移动确定；决定settle语义网络图settleback舒服地坐下/躺下：Shesettledbackinherseattoenjoythefilm.settledown

舒适地坐下/躺下：Theyputupthetent,andsettleddowntoeatthesandwiches.

安顿下来；安定下来：Whenareyougoingtogetmarriedandsettledown?

（使）安静；（使）平静：Shedidn’tstartthelessonuntilthepupilssettleddown.settle(down)to

开始专心于；着手认真做：Withsomuchnoiseoutside,Icouldn’tsettledowntomywork.重要搭配settlefor勉强接受；将就：

Shedoesn’tsettleforanythingbutthebest.settlein/into适应；习惯（新事物）：How’syournewhome?AreyousettlinginOK?Everyoneinthefamilysettlesquicklyintothecityexceptme.settleon决定；选定：Wemustsettleonaplacetomeet.词汇拓展

[C]

定居点；村落：DorothyandRosamondtraveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.

[U]

移民；殖民；开拓：thesettlementoftheAmericanWest

[C]协议：cometo/

reachapeacesettlement

with与…达成和平协议

[U]

解决；处理：

thesettlementofanissuesettlern[C]

移居者；殖民者settledadj.不大可能变动的；舒适自在的settlement

n一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.ThemanlethiseyessettleuponPeter’sface.___________2.Anuneasysilencesettledovertheroom.___________3.Shedidn’tstartthelessonuntilthepupilssettleddown.___________4.We

hope

for

a

lasting

settlement

of

allthese

troubles.

___________5.HealsoraiseddoubtsabouttheAmericanroadmaptoapeacesettlement.___________落在/停留弥漫/充满安静下来解决和平协议settle二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.去年她从城里来就定居在这个村子里。Shecamedownlastyearand________________________.2.虽然他跳得非常好,可是没有取得第一名,只好屈居第二了。Althoughhewasjumpingsowell,hefailedtowinthefirstprizeandhadto__________________.3.经过长时间讨论以后,他们选定了修建电站的地点。Afteralongdiscussionthey__________________forthepowerstation.4.我讨厌经常外出,我想结婚然后安顿下来。Ihateallthistravel.Iwantto________________________.settleddowninthevillagesettleforthesecondsettledonthesitegetmarriedandsettledownsuitbusinesssuitswimmingsuitn

[C]（一套）衣服：abusiness/swimmingsuit商务/游泳衣vt（服装、颜色等）适合；对（某人）方便；中……的意：ThereisChinesefoodtosuiteveryone’staste,withtraditionaldishesfromalloverChina.Ifoundaneveningdressthatsuitedmeperfectly.Ifwemeetat9a.m.,wouldthatsuityou?suit...to使……适合：Agoodteachersuitshislessontotheageofhispupils.suit

词源义是“跟随的一群人”，后指配备给随从的统一的制服，最后演变成现在的套装、西服。suit课文►suitedadj［不用于名词前，与for/to连用］适合的：Sometestssuggestcareersthatyoumaybesuitedto/for.ManyoftheseindoorplantsarenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.►suitableadj.合适的，适当的besuitablefor…适合……besuitabletodosth适合做……

suit,fit,match辨析三者都可用作动词，有“适合”之意。suit

主要指服装款式、颜色或花样等适合，也可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、身份等。Redandblackarecoloursthatsuitmeverywell.Theseveno’clocktrainwillsuitusverywell.Veryspicyfooddoesn’tsuitmystomach.

fit

多指大小、形状等合适，引申为“一致”“吻合”。Hercoatfits(her)exactly.Allthefactscertainlyfityourtheory.match

多指大小、色调、形状、性质等相匹配、协调。Thecurtainsandthecarpetsmatchperfectly.Doyouthinkthesetwocoloursmatch?衣服穿在身上漂亮用suit，穿在身上不大不小用fit，协调、匹配用match选出适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。1.Mary:Mike,howdoIlookinthesebluejeans?Mike:Wow,great!Theyreally___________you,Mary!（2014四川）2.OnlyCinderella’sfoot___________perfectlyandsotheprincechosetomarryher.（2014

福建）3.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat___________everyone.(2020江苏)4.—Theshoesaretootight.—Well,theydo__________yourdress.suitfitsuitsmatchsuitsuit,fit,matchcontaincontain由con-(together共同)+tain(tohold握，持)构成，共同持有→包含containvt

包含；容纳；含有：Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.AneighborcalledMario,cametobringusaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine.

抑制；控制：Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme.Wuhanisonlockdowntocontainthespreadofanewcoronavirusoutbreak.词汇拓展

containern[C]器皿；容器；集装箱一物“包含”另一物将情绪“包含”在心里contain[辨析]

contain与include词条用法contain表示某物容纳比其小的物品，强调内容、内含物或成分include指包括作为整体的一个部分或某个要素；经常使用的结构：①“including＋被包括的部分”；②“被包括的部分＋included”contain写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Trytoavoidfoodswhichcontainalotoffat. __________2.Shecouldnolongercontainherangerandshoutedathimuncontrollably. __________3.Thechildrencouldn’tcontainthemselves—theyburstoutlaughing._________含有控制/抑制克制自己WhatstartedasaresidentialareaforChineseimmigrantsthenturnedintoacentreforChineseculture.早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方后来变成了中华文化的中心。[句式分析]句中whatstartedasaresidentialareaforChineseimmigrants为what引导的主语从句。(1)what作连接代词，引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语；what本身在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。(2)what可译作“什么”，此时what就是一个普通常见的特殊疑问词。what还可译作：所……的(东西、事情、话等)。whatever是对what的强调，译为：任何……的(东西、事情、话等)。[名师点津]

that引导主语从句时一般不省略；that引导主语从句时常用it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。①

theywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialsimilaritybetweenthem.②

struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.(2)完成句子③他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。Hewantedtoknow

atthemeeting.ThatWhatwhatthemanagerhadsaid新闻里经常报道某个国家的某个城市发生了炸弹袭击，而某个人或某个组织“声称”对该起恐袭事件负责，其中的“声称；宣称”就用claim表示。claim

新闻中还常有天灾人祸的报道，往往会提及“……夺去了多少人的生命”，这时往往用“灾难或冲突等+claim+life/lives”表达。当认为自己有合法权利提出某项要求时可以用claim。比如，当网购的物品有损坏而要求退款（claimthemoneybackfordamages）；汽车因刮蹭向投保的保险公司索赔（claimontheinsurance）；认领丢失的财物（claimlostproperty）等等。

claimv

vi声称；宣称

tosaythatsthistrue,withouthavinganyproof:

Scientistsareclaimingamajorbreakthroughinthefightingagainstcancer.①claimtobe/dosth:声称是/做某事Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.②claim+(that)从句：声称……；断言……Itis/wasclaimedthat... 有人声称；据说……SomepeopleclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.Itwasclaimedthatsomedoctorswereworking80hoursaweek.

vt&vi（根据权利）要求；索要；认领toaskforsthbecauseyouthinkit’syourlegalrighttohaveit：claimsth.back 索要回某物Heshouldbeabletoclaimbackthepriceoftheticket.claimon对…提出索赔Youcanclaimontheinsuranceifyouhaveanaccidentwhileonholiday.

vt

[尤用于新闻报道]夺去（生命）tocausesb’sdeath：Over3,000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFranciscoearthquakeandtheseriesoffiresthatoccurredafterit.claimone'slife 夺去某人的生命

课文claim

n.

[C]

声称；断言：Theymadeclaimstheycouldn’tliveupto.

（对事物的）权利；所有权：Thereisalargenumberofpatentexaminers,whoseonlyjobistoexaminewhetheryourclaimisvalidornot.

要求；索赔：Youcanmakeaclaimoninsurancepolicy.claim写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog,soAnndecidedtokeepit._____________2.Hetriedtoclaimthathehadactedinself-defence._____________3.Thecompanyclaimsthattheirproduct“makesyouthinwithoutdieting”._____________4.Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller,claiming180,000livesayear._____________认领这只狗宣称声称夺去18万人的生命5.Thegroupclaimedresponsibilityforaseriesofaccidents._____________6.Ifyou’restillnotsatisfied,youmaybeabletoclaimcashchecks._________________7.TheForeignAffairsDepartmenthasdeniedclaimsthatthemenwereill-treated._________________8.Thecompanyhadmadefalseclaimsaboutitsproducts._________________要求现金支票否认了……的说法做了虚假宣传宣称对……负责

vt&vi折叠；折起来；合拢：foldthepaperinhalf把纸对折foldone’sarms双臂交叉foldanumbrella收伞foldup折叠起来Theflyingvehiclehasfourwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.

vt包；裹：foldababyinablanket将布料等“折叠”起来包裹人或物基本义foldv

n

[C]褶；褶痕：foldsofadress连衣裙的褶皱Cutthepaperalongthefold.沿着折痕把纸剪开。

►foldingadj［只用于名词前］可折叠的：

afoldingbikeunfoldvt&vi（使）展开；打开：Henryfoldsthebillandslowlyunfoldsitagain.一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Hefoldedthemapupandputitinhispocket.___________2.Meerfoldedhisarmsoverhischestandturnedhisheadaway.___________3.Thebirdfoldeditswings.___________4.Shefoldedherbabyinablanket.___________5.Makeafoldacrossthecentreofthecard.___________二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。折叠

合拢/收起交叉双臂

包/裹褶痕1)Wefindour________(fold)tableagreatconvenience.2)Hearrangedallthebooksinaneatrowandthenputhis__________(fold)clothesaway.3)You’dbetterhavethebed________(fold)tosavespace.4)Johnturnedhisheadawaywithhisarms________(fold)overhischest.foldingfoldedfoldedfolded

vt收集；采集(gather)：collectdata/evidence/information

vt收藏：Stampcollectorsusuallycollectstampsonlyfromcertaincountriesorregions.

vi&vt募集；收取（租金、税等）：

Wevolunteeredtocollectmoneytohelpthevictimsoftheearthquake.

vi&vt积聚(accumulate)；聚集(gather)：Dirthascollectedinthecornersoftheroom.Acrowdcollectswhenthere’satrafficaccident.

vt取走（某物）；接走（某人）(pickup)：Aftertherubbishissorted,itneedstobecollectedandthentakentotherecyclingcenter.col-(together一起)+lect(togather收集)→收集到一起→收集（基本义）collectvcollectionn(collect+-ion)

[U]收集；采集；[U]&[C]收取：data/rubbishcollection

数据/垃圾收集

[C]

（故事、诗歌、音乐等的）集子；专辑：

acollectionofshortstories/Chinesepoetry短篇小说集/中国诗集

[C]

（常指同类的）收集物；收藏品：

astamp/coincollection

邮票/硬币收藏The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloaneformedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum.

[C]募捐；募集的钱：acollectionforthepoor/

acollectionbox为穷人募捐/募捐箱

[C]

一批物品；一群人：acollectionofscientists一群科学家Thelibraryhasacollectionof80,000booksand90kindsofnewspapersandmagazines.collect&collection

语义网络图“收集”物品收集；采集收藏积聚；聚集collectioncollect收集；采集；收取（常指同类的）收集物；收藏品一批物品；一群人收集collect基本义取走（某物）；接走（某人）募集；收取（租金、税等）募捐；募集的钱“收集”同一类物品并保存“收集”捐款、租金、税金等“收集”分散的东西或人使集中“收集”物或人并将其带走（故事、诗歌、音乐等的）集子；专辑写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Thecomputersystemscouldspeedupthe

collection

ofinformation.___________2.Ihaveboughtanew

collection

ofpoetry.

___________3.Thepaintingcomesfromhis

privatecollection.___________4.EveryChristmaswehavea

collection

foralocalcharity.

___________5.Therewasaninterestingcollectionofpeopleatthewedding.___________收集诗集私人收藏募捐一群有趣的人collection

温和的；温柔的：Hehastoomildanaturetogetangry.

（天气）温暖的；暖和的反cold：Theclimateismildallyearround,meaningitisalwaysagoodtimetovisit.

轻微的；不严重的

(slight)：

mildsunburn轻微的晒伤Helookedatherinmildsurprise.Hesufferedfromamildheartattack.

味淡的；不浓的反hot：mildcheese淡味奶酪基本义——温和的mildadj人性格、态度“温和的”天气“温和的”疾病状况等“温和的”味道“温和的”课文（天气）温暖的；暖和的温和的；温柔的温和的mild（基本义）天气“温和的”人性格、态度“温和的”轻微的；不严重的疾病状况等“温和的”mild语义网络图味淡的；不浓的味道“温和的”1.Shewasamildwoman,whonevershouted.__________2.Thecoatistooheavyforsuchamildday. __________3.Hesufferedamildheartattack—nothingtooserious. __________4.Hedoesn’tlikeahotcurry（咖喱）—heprefersamildone. __________写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。mild温和的温暖的；暖和的轻微的味淡的；不浓的material基本义——材料n

[C]&[U]

[常用复数]材料；原料：reading/teaching/buildingmaterialsHeisagoodsoldier,butnotreallyofficermaterial.

[C]&[U]布料：curtainmaterial窗帘材料

[U]素材：She’scollectingmaterialforherlatestnovel.

adj

[只用于名词前]物质的；物质上的词汇拓展

materiallyadv物质上做衣服等的“材料”用于写作等的“材料”1.Artistshaveusedbooksastherawmaterialforartworks—transformingcovers,pagesintopaintingsandsculptures.(2023全国改) __________2.Thecompanyproducesitsowntrainingmaterial. __________3.Thewriteriscollectingmaterialforhisnewbook. __________4.Theteachersawherasgooduniversitymaterial. __________5.Thespirituallifeismoreimportantthanmaterialgoods.

__________写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。material原材料材料素材上大学的料物质的item这里的item指的是“新闻”“报道”的意思。itemn[C]

（表格、目录、数据等的）项目；细目：Wehavemanyitemstodiscussinourmeetingtoday.

一件商品/物品：CanIpayforeachitemseparately?CallLostPropertyduringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.

一条/一则（新闻）：Whatisthefirstnewsitemmainlyabout?item写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Arethereanyinterestingnewsitemsinthepaperthismorning? __________2.Thepoliceexaminedseveralitemsofclothing. __________3.Thisisthenextitemontheagenda（日程）. __________4.Theshop-windowwasfilledwithhundredsofitems. __________5.Theitemofthecontract（合同）stillstandsnow. __________条款新闻物品项目商品/物品1.______

n.布→

_________n.衣服；(尤指某种)服装→

________n.衣服；服装2.________

n.机会；运气→_________adj.幸运的→

___________adv.幸好→_____________adv.不幸地3.______v.承认；准许进入(或加入)→___________n.准许加入；入场费clothclothingclothesfortunefortunatefortunatelyunfortunatelyadmitadmission词性转换4._______

v.阐明；给……下定义→_______adj.明确的；确凿的→

________adv.肯定；确实→__________n.定义；释义5.______

adj.极好的；整洁的→_______adv.干净地→

__________n.干净；整洁6.________adj.具有重大历史意义的→_________adj.历史的→_______n.历史definedefinitedefinitelydefinitionneatneatlyneatnesshistorichistoricalhistory①Historicisusuallyusedtodescribesomethingthatissoimportantthatitislikelytoberemembered.historic通常用以表示具有重要历史意义：Todayisahistoricoccasionforourcountry.今天是我国具有历史意义的日子。②Historicalusuallydescribessomethingthatisconnectedwiththepastorwiththestudyofhistory,orsomethingthatreallyhappenedinthepast.historical通常涉及历史、史学、过去的事实：Ihavebeendoingsomehistoricalresearch.我一直在进行史学研究。WasRobinHoodahistoricalfigure?罗宾汉是历史人物吗？1.①Classicdescribessomethingthatisacceptedasbeingofveryhighqualityandoneofthebestofitskind.classic

指经典的、优秀的、一流的：aclassicmovie/work经典影片╱作品②Itisalsousedtodescribeatypicalexampleofsomething

该词亦可用以表示典型的：aclassicexample/mistake典型的例子╱错误③orsomethingelegantbutsimpleandtraditional或用以表示古典的、典雅的：classicdesi