2022年河北省保定市望都县高二下学期3月周考（八）英语试卷

2021-2022学年河北省保定市望都县高二下学期3月周考（八）英语试卷第一节阅读理解(共8小题;每小题5分,满分40分)AAlbertEinsteinwasprobablythemostfamousscientistofthetwentiethcentury.Hechangedscientificthinkinginthemodernworld.HeisgenerallyconsideredasP1thegreatestphysicistwhoeverlived.What'smore,hedevotedalotofhistimeandenergytoworkingP2forhumanrightsandprogress.In1933,whileEinsteinwasvisitingEnglandandtheUnitedStates,theNazigovernmentofGermanytookallhisthingsaway,includinghispositionandhiscitizenshipW1.EinsteinthensettleddownintheUnitedStates.In1939,Einstein,wholovedpeace—afraidofaworldinwhichonlyHitlerwouldhaveanatomicbomb—triedhardtopersuadePresidentFranklinD．RooseveltinafamouslettertohavetheUnitedStatesstarturaniumW2research.ThatGermany,afterallP3,hadnobomb,andthatthefirstbombwouldfallonJapan,couldnothavebeenexpected.Afterthewar,Einsteinneverstoppedworkingforpeaceandreducingthenumberofsoldiersintheworld.Althoughhewasn'tconnectedwithanyacceptedreligionW3,EinsteinfeltthattrustinapersonalGodwastoospecialanideatobesuitabletotheGodatworkinthisuniverse,butheneverbelievedthattheuniversewasoneofchanceordisorderW4.Theuniversetohimwasoneofpurelawandorder.Heoncesaid,“Godmayknoweverything，butheisnothateful.”1．Fromthepassageweknowthat.A．noscientistisasgreatasAlbertEinsteinduringthiscenturyB．AlbertEinsteinwaslikelytobethegreatestscientistofhistimeC．AlbertEinsteinmadethefirstatomicbombfortheUnitedStatesofAmericaD．AlbertEinsteingaveuphisGermancitizenshipforpoliticalreasons2．IfEinsteinhadknownthatHitlerhadnoatomicbombandthatthefirstatomicbombwouldfallonJapan,hewould.A．havecontinuedhisscientificresearchB．havewonanotherNobelPrizeforphysicsC．nothaveadvisedstartinguraniumresearchintheUSAD．nothavemovedtotheUSA3．Einsteinin1933.A．visitedEnglandandtheUSAB．losteverythingC．becameamanwithoutacountryD．bothAandC4．Einsteinbelievedthateverythingintheuniverse.A．waskeptinorderbyitsownlawB．hadnothingtodowitheachotherC．happenedinanirregularwayD．wasmadebythepersonalGodBSirJohnGurdon,aBritishscientist,whowontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2012,saidhehadpredictedatthetimeofhisfrogexperimentsthatthesuccessfulcloningW1ofamammalW2wouldhappenwithin50years,andthat“maybethesameanswerisappropriateW3”forthesteptohumancloning.Parentswholosechildreninaccidentsmaybeabletoclone“copies”toreplacethemthen.AlthoughanyattempttocloneanentirehumanwouldraisecomplexW4moralissues,thebiologistclaimedpeoplewouldsoonovercometheirconcernsifthetechniquebecamemedicallyuseful.CloningwasregardedwithextremedoubtswhenitwasfirstdevelopedbutbecamewidelyacceptedafterthebirthofLouiseBrown,thefirst“test­tubebaby”.Hesaid,“Whenmyfirstfrogexperimentsweredone,anAmericanreporteraskedhowlongitwouldbebeforethesethingscouldbedoneinmammalsorhumans.Isaid,‘Well,itcouldbeanytimebetween10yearsand100years—howabout50years？’ItturnedoutP1thatitwasn'tfaroffthemarkasfarasDollywasconcernedP2.Maybethesameanswerisappropriate.”SirJohnaddedthatcloningahumaneffectivelymeansmakinganidenticaltwin,anddoctorswouldthereforesimplybe“copyingwhatnaturehasalreadyproduced”．Theaveragevoteonallowingparentsofdeceasedchildren,whoarenolongerfertile(能生育的),tocreateanotherbyusingthemother'seggsandskincellsfromthefirstchild,thinkingthetechniquewassafeandeffective,is60percentinfavorP3.Thereasonsfor“no”areusuallythatthenewchildrenwouldfeeltheyaresomesortofreplacementsforsomething.5．SirJohnpredictedthehumancloningwouldbearealityinatmost.A．about100years B．about60yearsC．about50years D．about10years6．Whichstatementcan'tbeconcludedfromthetext?A．LouiseBrownisthefirst“test­tubebaby”．B．Humancloningisstillacontroversialtopic.C．SirJohnispositiveaboutthefutureofhumancloning.D．Humancloningiscreatingsomethingthatdidn'texistbefore.7．Theunderlinedword“identical”probablymeans“”．A．same B．specialC．new D．clear8．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A．mostpeoplecastdoubtonJohn'sexperimentsB．humancloningisandwillbeonlyadreamC．fewchildrenlovetobeclonedinthefutureD．humancloningmayberealizedsomeday第二节：完形填空（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）

WhenHeatherMcHugh,apoet,wona$500,000“geniusgrant”fromtheMacArthurFoundation,shedidn'tbuyaluxuriouscarorflytoParis.Instead,sheputthemoneyinthebankand1writingpoems.In2011,shefinally2whattodowithit.Thatyear,Heather'sgodsonandhiswife3theirfirstchild,abeautifulbabygirlbutseverelydisabled.“Isawhowpeople's4canchangeovernight.Istartedthinkingaboutpeopleinasimilarsituation，”saysHeather.She5thereweremillionsofcaregiverstakingcareofthechronically(慢性地)illordisabled.Soin2012,Heather6anon­profitorganizationofferingaseven­dayvacation,withall7paid,topeoplewhohavebeencaregiversforatleasttenyears.Triciawasoneofthefirstcaregiverstogoonvacation.WhenTriciagotacallsayingshewasoffereda8vacation,shecouldn'tbelieveit;disbeliefeven9herconcernaboutleavinghertwokids.Triciawent,andherfavoritepartsofthetripweretoenjoyhis10things.“Igottoeathotfoodhotandcoldfoodcold.IcouldgotobedwhenIwantedtoandwakeupwheneverIchoseto，”saysTricia.Shewasafraidthe11wouldreturnwhenthevacationwasover,buttohersurprise,ithasn'tbeenbacksince.HeathersaysTricia's12resemblesthoseoftheothertencaregiversshehelpseveryyear.“Beforethevacationtheyareso13，butthechangeissoamazing.Theyreflectandrelax.Itfeels14likeanotherworldandgivesthemachancetoseetheirlivesfromanother15，”sheadds.1．A．continuedB．quittedC．practicedD．started2．A．thoughtoverB．wonderedC．talkedaboutD．decided3．A．heldB．welcomedC．lostD．saved4．A．feelingsB．futureC．livesD．routine5．A．discoveredB．claimedC．admittedD．felt6．A．donatedB．foundC．visitedD．formed7．A．taxesB．salaryC．expensesD．rent8．A．freeB．caringC．shortD．long9．A．wokeB．defeatedC．showedD．moved10．A．wonderfulB．deliciousC．peacefulD．simple11．A．heavinessB．painC．sadnessD．disbelief12．A．commentB．storyC．surpriseD．fortune13．A．worriedB．confusedC．unexpectedD．stressed14．A．slightlyB．interestinglyC．magicallyD．mostly15．A．placeB．situationC．heightD．angle三．写作(30分)根据下面表格内的汉语提示，写一篇100个词左右的介绍简·古道尔的短文。研究领域著名的野生动物研究专家，尤其在研究黑猩猩方面。性格谦虚、坦诚、考虑周到。主要事迹1.童年时代，她碰巧看到一本名叫《泰山和杜拉德博士》的书。受到极大鼓舞，打算研究动物；2.那个时代，妇女受到歧视，但妈妈支持她；3.20世纪60年代，简动身去非洲研究黑猩猩，用了25年多的时间观察和记录黑猩猩的日常活动，完全弄懂了它们的行为。成就1.成立了几个组织，发起一项保护动物的运动；2.在世界各地演讲，呼吁年轻一代参加“根与芽”活动；3.被授予了多个奖项。参考词汇：《泰山和杜拉德博士》TarzanandDrDoolittle；“根与芽”“ShootandRoot”_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案A篇篇章导读：本文是一篇人物介绍。AlbertEinstein不仅是一位伟大的科学家，他还致力于为人权和进步而工作。B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句话可知，B项正确；A项过于绝对；根据文章第二段中的“In1939,Einstein,wholovedpeace...Statesstarturaniumresearch.”可知，Einstein只是建议美国研究原子弹，并没有帮美国制造；D项文中未提到。C推理判断题。文章中讲到Einstein是一位热爱和平的科学家，所以，如果他知道当时的纳粹德国没有原子弹，且第一颗原子弹会投向日本的话，一定不会建议美国开始原子武器的研究。D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句话可知答案选D。A细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Theuniversetohimwasoneofpurelawandorder.”可知，他认为宇宙并不是杂乱无序的，而是有自己的法则的。B篇篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主、英国科学家约翰·格登爵士称，那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来50年内借助克隆技术，让他们的子女得到“重生”。C细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，格登爵士预测，在未来50年内，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母将有可能通过克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。故选C项。D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“afterthebirthofLouiseBrown,thefirst‘test­tubebaby’”可排除A项；文章尾段说明赞成者占6成，故排除B项；根据第二段中格登爵士的话可知，他对克隆人充满了希望，故排除C项；根据第二段的尾句可知，D项切题。A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“twin”和文中的“doctorswouldthereforesimplybe‘copyingwhatnaturehasalreadyproduced’”可知，画线词意为“相同的，相似的”，故A项正确。D推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第一句可知，虽然克隆人类的尝试将引起复杂的道德问题，但是生物学家声称如果克隆技术变得有医学价值，人们很快就会消除他们的担心，因此可推断D项正确。完型：篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。HeatherMcHugh利用自己的五十万美元奖金建立非营利组织，为照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员提供免费休假，让他们到新的环境中，从不一样的角度来看待他们的人生。1A根据前一句中的“apoet”，再结合该句中的“sheputthemoneyinthebankand1writingpoems”可知，她(这位诗人)获奖后，将奖金存进银行，继续(continued)写作。2D根据下文中的“Heather6anon­profitorganizationofferingaseven­dayvacation”可知，此处表示在2011年，她终于决定如何使用这笔钱。decide“决定”符合语境。3BHeather的教子和他的妻子迎来了他们的第一个孩子，那是一个