Unit 4 Adversity and Courage and Expressions 课件-【知识精研】高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

(wordsandexpressions)Unit4

AdversityandCourageadversity/ədˈvɜːsəti/n.困境;逆境逆境出人才。

Adversitymakesamanwise.只有遇到真正的逆境，我们才知道自己是谁。

Wedon’tknowwhoweareuntilwehavefacedrealadversity.adverseadj.不利的，有害的，敌对的dilemman.左右两难的窘境;困境inadversity在困境/逆境中bitter/ˈbɪtə(r)/adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的bittercold严寒bitterlyadv.痛苦地；愤恨地；极其bitternessn.苦味；悲苦；痛苦souradj.酸的；sweetadj.甜的；spicyadj.辣的输了比赛对这个队来说是一件伤心失望的事。Losingthematchwasabitterdisappointmentfortheteam.

expedition/ˌekspəˈdɪʃn/n.探险;远征;探险队expeditev.加快；加速endurance/ɪnˈdjʊərəns/n.忍耐力;耐久力endurev.忍耐；持续endurableadj.能忍耐的；可忍受的unendurableadj.无法忍受的beyondendurance忍无可忍他无法忍受失败。Hecan’tendurebeingdefeated.在此比赛开始前他们只得忍受长时间的等待。Theyhadendurealongwaitbeforetheracebegan.vigour/ˈvɪɡə(r)/n.精力;力量;活力vigorousadj.充满活力的；精力充沛的近：energyn.精力;力量;活力;能源befullofenergy/vigour精力充沛定期锻炼可以使我们精力充沛。Regularexercisecanhelpusbe

fullofenergy/vigour

.turnsb.down拒绝(某人)与“turn”有关的短语turnto求助于;致力于;翻到;转向(to是介词)turnout(tobe)+n./adj.结果是……turnin

上交;交还turnup开大;调大;出现近：reject/refuse/decline

【即学即练】1)Tomhadto

theinvitationtothe

partylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.2)Don'tworry.I'msureyourmissingglasseswill

soonerorlater.3)Hurryup,boysandgirls!I'mwaitingforyouto

yourhomework.4)Thenewsisbeingbroadcast.Couldyou

theTV?5)Sometimesthingsdon’t

thewaywethinktheyaregoingto.turndownturnupturninturnonturnoutqualified/ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/adj.符合资格;具备…的知识(技能/学历等)qualifyvt.使具备...的资格qualificationn.资格，学历，资历bequalifiedfor...有…的资格bequalifiedtodosth.有资格做某事他有资格当英语课代表HeisqualifiedforEnglishrepresentative.【单句语法填空】1)Thereisnodoubtthathehasqualifications________(do)thework.2)He’sbeeninformedthathedoesn’tqualify________thescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.3)JusttellMikewhoeverhasagoodknowledgeofphysicsandhistoryis____________(qualify)fortheposition.4)Thereisnodoubtthathehas____________(qualify)todothework.5)Thetestwillqualifyyou__(drive)the

newcar.todoforqualifiedqualificationtodriveenthusiastic/ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/adj.热情的;热心的enthusiasticallyadv.热情地enthusiasmn.热情，热忱enthusiastn.热心者；爱好者beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.对做某事感兴趣/热情的她对研究中国的发展感兴趣。SheisenthusiasticaboutstudyingthedevelopmentofChina.【即学即练】1)I

amlessenthusiastic

theideaof

attendingtheexpert'slectureonSunday.2)AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaserious

illnessforyears,shelostnoneofher

(enthusiastic)forlife.3)Муdaughter

doingthe

voluntarywork,soshesignedupstraightaway.我女儿对做志愿工作很热心,所以她马上报名。aboutenthusiasmwasenthusiasticaboutaboard/əˈbɔːd/adv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)beaboardtheplane/ship在飞机/船上goabroad出国athomeandabroad国内外形近：abroad[əˈbrɔːd]adv.到国外;去国外;在国外assign/əˈsaɪn/vt.分派;布置;分配assignmentn.工作，任务，作业assignsb.as+职务.指派某人担任某职务assignsb.todosth指派某人做某事老师给每个孩子布置的作业都不相同。Theteacherassignedadifferenttasktoeachkids.【即学即练】1)Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthat

(assign),butIdidn'tenjoythistype

ofreading.2)Myteacherassignedme

(write)anessayaboutthereformandopening-up

policyofChina.3)IlookedatitonlinewhenIwasworkingonthis____(assign).4)Theteacherhas

duringtheholiday.

老师给我们每个人都分配了假期的任务。

wasassignedtowriteassignmentassignedeachofusataskenvy/ˈenvi/n.&vt.羡慕;妒忌envysb.(doing)sth.羡慕某人（做）某事beenviousof羡慕，嫉妒enviousadj.嫉妒的;羡慕的他们出于忌妒才说你这些坏话。Theysaysuchunkindthingsaboutyououtofenvy.他一直嫉妒我的成功。Hehasalwaysenviedmysuccess.crush/krʌʃ/vt.毁坏;压坏;压碎n.拥挤的人群形近：crash[kræʃ]v./n.坠毁;猛撞;碰撞get/becrushedby被……挤压haveacrushonsb.迷恋某人我对她爱慕至极。Ihaveahugecrushonher.abandon/əˈbændən/vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃近：desert/giveupabandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的；废弃的abandonmentn.离弃；遗弃abandononeselfto(doing)sth陷入/沉湎于……abandondoingsth.放弃做某事研究表明，老人十分害怕被丢弃给陌生人照管。Thestudyshowedadeepfearamongtheelderlyofbeingabandonedtothecareofstrangers.

【即学即练】1)MrJohnsonlived

inthewoodswithhiswife

andchildren.Heowned

afarm,whichlooked

almost

(abandon).2)Playingcomputergamesisharmfultoyourhealth.Don'tabandonyourself

thiskindofpleasure.3)Badcustomsandlawsought

to

,sincetheyareinappropriateforthe

developmentofthesociety.4)People

were

shoutingandcheering

abandonafterthematch.5)Weabandoned

(carry)

outtheplanforlackofmoney.6)Thosewho

can’tsucceed.那些沉溺于电子游戏无法自拔的人不会成功。

abandonedtobeabandonedwithcarryingabandonthemselvestocomputergamesbelongings/bɪˈlɒŋɪŋz/n.[pl.]财物;动产belongvi.应在；适应personalbelongings个人物品[常用复数]asenseofbelonging归属感belongtosb.属于某人（注：belongto不用于进行时和被动语态）这本书是属于他的。Thebookbelongstohim.miserable/ˈmɪzrəbl/adj.痛苦的;令人难受的miserablyadv.痛苦地;悲惨地miseryn.痛苦；悲惨amiserablecoldday令人难受的寒冷天气这部话剧是个可悲的失败。Theplaywasamiserablefailure.cosy/ˈkəʊzi/adj.温馨的;舒适的（cozy）cosilyadv.舒适地（cozily）cosinessn.舒适；安逸（coziness）selfish/ˈselfɪʃ/adj.自私的

selflessadj.无私的selfishnessn.自私selflessnessn.无私Itisselfishofsb.todosth.某人做某事是自私的他把所有的工作都推给你，真是自私。Itwasselfishofhimtoleavealltheworktoyou.genuine/ˈdʒenjuɪn/adj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的genuinelyadv.真诚地近：sincerely/honestlyagenuineperson诚实可信的人genuineconcernforothers对他人真诚的关心perseverance/ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪərəns/n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求perseverantadj.锲而不舍的persevereindoingsth.坚持做某事决心、信心和毅力是成功的三大主要因素。Determination,confidenceandperseverancearethethreemainfactorsforsuccess.他孜孜不倦地学习小提琴。Heperseveredinlearningviolin.resolve/rɪˈzɒlv/vi.&vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)n.决心;坚定的信念resolutionn.决议；解决；坚定表“解决”：solve,settle,workout,figureoutresolvetodosth.决定做某事resolveondoingsth决定做某事makearesolutiontodosth.决定做某事他决定不告诉她真相。Heresolvednottotellherthetruth.cruel/ˈkruːəl/adj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的crueltyn.残忍，残酷，不公cruellyadv.残酷地Itiscrueltodosth.做某事是残酷的becrueltosb/sth对某人/物残忍的我无法忍受虐待动物的人。Ican’tstandpeoplewhoarecrueltoanimals.thorough/ˈθʌrə/adj.深入的;彻底的;细致的thoroughlyadv.彻底地;完全地thoroughnessn.彻底性；完全athoroughknowledgeof…对……了解透彻那份报告全面深入，给我留下了深刻的印象。Iwasimpressedbythethoroughnessofthereport.furniture/ˈfɜːnɪtʃə(r)/n.家具（un.）furnishvt.为……配备家具；提供furnishedadj.配备家具的befurnished/equippedwith…配备有……这个房间摆放了古董。Theroomwasfurnishedwithantiques.Tom向他提供了与案件有关的事实。Tomfurnishedhimwiththefactsaboutthecase.unfortunately

/ʌnˈfɔːtʃənətli/adv.不幸地;遗憾地fortunately/ˈfɔːtʃənətli/adv.幸运地fortunateadj.幸运的fortunen.财富；运气misfortunen.厄运；不幸beunfortunate/fortunatetodosth.做某事很幸运/不幸makeafortune发财tryone'sfortune碰运气【即学即练】1)

(unfortunate),thetravellersranintoasnowstormalongtheway.2)Iwas

late,but

(fortune)the

meetinghadn'tstarted.3)Shewasfortunate

(find)

ararebook

sheneededinthebookshop.4)________________,hemadeabig_________onhiswaytowest.UnfortunatelyfortunatelytofindUnfortunatelyfortunedamp/dæmp/adj.潮湿的;湿气重的dampnessn.潮湿dampenv.弄湿recreation/ˌrekriˈeɪʃn/n.娱乐;消遣;游戏recreationaladj.娱乐的；消遣的近：amusement/entertainmentguidance/ˈɡaɪdns/n.指导;引导;导航guidevt.指导,影响n.旅游指南；导游underone’sguidance=undertheguidanceof在...的指导下guidanceonsth关于……的指导在老师的指导下他的英语取得了巨大的进步HemadegreatprogressinEnglishundertheguidanceofhisteacher.advertising/ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ/n.广告活动;广告业advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告advertisern.广告商，广告公司advertisementn.广告advertisefor...为征求...而登广告我们学校正在网上等广告要招聘一名英语老师。OurschoolisadvertisingforanEnglishteacheronline.rough/rʌf/adj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的roughlyadv.大约;粗暴地roughnessn.粗糙；凹凸不平形近：tough[tʌf]adj.艰难的/棘手的navigatev.导航；确定（船、汽车等）的位置navigation[ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃn]n.导航;领航;航行navigatorn.领航员；航行者/ˈnævɪɡeɪtə/aroughdeal不公平的待遇loyal/ˈlɔɪəl/adj.忠诚的;忠实的beloyalto…对……忠诚反：disloyaladj.不忠诚的loyallyadv.忠诚地；诚实地loyaltyn.忠诚；衷心；忠实他一直是我们大家忠实的朋友。He’dalwaysbeensuchaloyalfriendtousall.她总是信守自己的政治原则。Shehasalwaysremainedloyaltoherpoliticalprinciples.giveoff放出(热、光、气味或气体)giveout发出/分发；公布；用尽givein屈服、让步；上交giveup投降；放弃；让出giveaway泄露；赠送；丧失汽车每天释放出很多有害气体。Carsgiveoffmuchpoisonousgaseveryday.commitment/kəˈmɪtmənt/n.承诺;保证;奉献commitvt.犯罪；承诺，保证committedadj.尽心尽力的，坚定的becommittedto(doing)sth.承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事madeacommitmentto向······承诺她现在把全部心思都放在乐队上。Shewasnowcommittedtotheband,heartandsoul.

【即学即练】1)Asformymajor,IwillchooseMedcine,which,Iknow,isalong-term

(commit)andadecision.

2)Jackwasagoodmanwho

(commit)tohisfamilyaswellastohiswork.3)TheCanadiangovernmentiscommittedto

(advance)theequalityintheuseof

EnglishandFrench.4.总理向全国人民承诺将会采取措施控制二氧化碳的排放量。ThePrimeMinister

thathewould_________________controltheemissionofcarbondioxide.commitmentwascommittedadvancingmadeacommitmenttothenationtakemasurestomotive/ˈməʊtɪv/n.动机;原因;目的motivatev.使有动机；激发积极性；刺激motivationn.动力，诱因；积极性amotivefor(doing)sth.做某事的动机motivatesbtodosth激励某人做某事

【单句语法填空】1)Asyoucansee，thechildrenwerereallyencouraged,andtheywerealsoenthusiasticabout________(read)allofthesebooks.2)Itisnouse__________(envy)others’success.Itistimethatyoushouldworkhard.3)OnApril16th,2014,aSouthKoreashipcarryingmorethan450passengers________(sink)intothesea.4)Asweallknow,successrequirescourage,braveryand______________(persevere).5)We'regoingtohaveEuropeanstyle______________(cupboard)inthebedrooms.Testforgoalsreadingenvyingsankperseverancecupboards6)JamesCookisfamousforhavingmadethreegreat__________(voyage)aroundtheworld，andmappedcoastandsearoutes.7)Theship______________(crush)outofshapeandcouldn’tbeused.8)Pleasetakeawayallyour_________(belong)whenyouleavetheroom.9)Atlast,thelawyer’sadviceledtothe______________(resolve)ofthisdifficultproblem.10)_____________(fortune),hegainedthe___________(qualify)toteachChinese.voyageswascrushedbelongsresolutionFortunatelyqualification1.bitter

adj.

严寒的，激烈而不愉快的；味苦的→

adv.痛苦地;愤恨地;极其2.endurance

n.忍耐力；耐久力→__________vt.忍耐3.qualified