大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷22（共205题）

大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试

卷22(共9套)

(共205题)

大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试

卷第1套

一、仔细阅读(本题共30题，每题1.0分，共30分。)

Millionsdieearlyfrumaiipulluliuneachycai.Airpullulioncuslbllicglobalcuoiiuiny

morethan$5trillionannuallyinwelfarecosts,withthemostserious[G1]

occurringinthedevelopingworld.Thefiguresincludeanumberofcosts

[G2]withairpollution.Lostincomealoneamountsto$225billionayear.

Thereportincludesbothindoorandoutdoorairpollution.Indoorpollution,which

includes[G3]likehomeheatingandcooking,hasremained[G4]

overthepastseveraldecadesdespiteadvancesinthearea.Levelsofoutdoor

pollutionhavegrownrapidlyalongwithrapidgrowthinindustryandtransportation.

DirectorofInstituteforHealthMetricsandEvaluationChrisMurray[G5]it

asannurgentcalltoaction."MOneoftheriskfactorsforprematuredeathsistheairwe

breathe,overwhichindividualshavelittle[G6]hesaid.Theeffectsofair

pollutionareworstinthedevelopingworld,whereinsomeplaceslost-laborincome

[G7]nearly1%ofGDP.Around9in10peopleinlow-andmiddle-income

countriesliveinplaceswherethey[G8]experiencedangerouslevelsof

outdoorairpollution.Buttheproblemisnotlimited[G91tothedeveloping

world.ThousandsdieprematurelyintheU.S.asaresu'tofrelatedillnesses.Inmany

Europeancountries,wherediesel(柴油)[GIO]havebecomemorecommon

inrecentyears,thatnumberreachestensofthousands.A)abilityI)exclusivelyB)

associatedJ)innovatedC)consciouslyK)regularlyD)constantL)relatesE)controlM)

sourcesF)damageN)undermineG)describedO)vehiclesH)equals

1、[Gl]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：空格前为形容词最高级themostserious,空格后为动词现在分词短语

occurringinthedevelopingworld,空格所在句主干结构完整，空格所在短语为with

引导的独立主格结构作状语，因此空格处应为名词(n.)。由句意可知，空格处的名

词应与“伤害，破坏”表意相近。名词中只有F)damage”损害，伤害”符合句意。故

本题选F。

2、[G2]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：空格所在句主谓宾结构完整，空格前为名词costs,空格后为介词短

语withairpollution,因此空格处应为动词的过去分词形式或现在分词形式(v-ed/

v.-ing),彳吏wilhairpollution作后置定语修饰cosls。由句意可知，空格

处的动词应与“有关，关于''表意相近。动词中只有B)associated"联系，联想''符合

句意。故本题选Bo

3、(G31

标准答案：M

知识点解析：空格所在句为which引导的定语从句，空格前为谓语动词includes,

空格后为like引导的介词短语，表举例，因此空格处应为名词(n.),作从句的宾

语。由句意可知，空格处的名词应与“原因，因素''表意相近。名词中只有

M)sourccs”来源，出处；根源”符合句意。故本题选M。

4、[G4]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：空格所在句的主语为Indoorpollution,空格前为谓语结构has

remained,空格后为时间状语，因此空格处应为形容词(a.)，作句子的表语。由句

意可知，空格处的形容词应与“稳定的，存在的”表意相近。形容词中只有

D)constant”持续不断的，一直存在的”符合句意。故本题选D。

5、[G5]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：空格所在句的主语为ChrisMurray,宾语为it,因此空格处应为谓语

动词，填动词的第三人琢单数形式(v.-s)或动词过去式(v.-ed)。由as和句意可知，

空格处的动词应与“描述，认为，称为”表意相近。动词中只有G)dcscribcd"描述，

把……称为''符合句意。故本题选G。

6、[G6]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：空格位于which引导的非限定性定语从句中，从句的主语为

individuals,谓语为have,空格前为形容词little,空格后为逗号，因此空格处应为

名词(n.),作从句的宾语。由句意可知，空格处的名词应与“控制，管理”表意相

近。名词中只有E)contro1"控制，掌管”符合句意。放本题选E。

7、[G7]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：空格位于where引导的非限定性定语从句中，从句的主语为lost-labor

income,宾语为nearly1%ofGDP,空格前为主语，空格后为副词nearly,因比空

格处应为谓语动词，填动词的第三人称单数形式(v.-s)或动词过去式(v.-ed)。由句意

可知，空格处的动词应与“达到，相当于“表意相近，动词中只有H)equals”与……

相等，等于“符合句意。故本题选H。

8、[G8]

标准答案:K

知识点解析：空格位于where引导的定语从句中，从句的主语为they,谓语为

experience,宾语为dangerouslevelsof…pollution,因此空格处应为副词(ad.),修

饰谓语动词experience。由句意可知，空格处的副词应与“一般，通常''表意相近。

副词中只有K)rcgularly”经常，有规律地”符合句意。故本题选K。

9、[G9]

标准答案：I

知识点解析:空格所在句的主语为theproblem,谓语结构为isnotlimitedto,宾语

thedevelopingworld,因此空格处应为副词(ad.),修饰动词limited。由not

limitedto及下文的theU.S.和manyEuropeancountries可知，空格处的副词或与

“仅仅，只有”表意相近°副词中只有I)cxclusivcly“排他地，独占地”符合句意。故

本题选I。

10、[G10]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：空格位于where引导的非限定性定语从句中，空格前为名词diesel,

空格后为系表结构havebecomemorecommon,因此diesel(柴油)应为主

语，空格处应填名词(nJ。由句意可知，空格处的名词应与“车辆，汽车”表意相

近。名词中只有O)vehicles"车辆，交通工具''符合句意。故本题选0。

AsTouristsCrowdOutLocals,VeniceFaces'Endangered'List[A]Onarecentfall

morning,alargecrowdblockedthestepsatoneofVenice'smaintouristsites,theRialto

Bridge.TheRialtoBridgeisoneofthefourbridgesspanningtheGrandCanal.Itisthe

oldestbridgeacrossthecanal,andwasthedividinglinebetweenthedistrictsofSan

MarcoandSanPolo.Butonthisday,therewasatwist:itwasfilledwithVenetians,not

tourists.|B]"Peoplearccheeringandholdingtheircartsintheair/'saysGiovanni

Giorgio,whohelpedorganizethemarchwithagrass-rootsorganizationcalled

Generazione*90.Thecartshereferstoaresmallshoppingcarts—thesymbolofatrue

Venetian."Itstartedasajoke,"hesayswithalaugh."Theideawastoputbladesonthe

wheels!Youknow?LikeBenHur.Preciselylikethat,youjustgoaroundandrunpeople

down."[C]Veniceisoneofthehottesttouristdestinationsintheworld.Butthat'sa

problem.Upto90,000touristscrowditsstreetsandcanalseveryday—faroutnumbering

the55,00()permanentresidents.Thetouristincreaseisonekeyreasonthecity's

populationisdownfrom175,000inthe1950s.TheoutnumberedVenetianshavebeen

steadilyfleeing.Andthosewhostickaroundaretiredoflivinginaplacewheretheycan't

evengettothemarketwi:houtswimmingthroughaseaofpicture-snappingtourists.

Imagine,navigatingthrough50,000peoplewhileonthewaytoschoolortowork.[D]

LauraChigi,agrandmotheratthemarch,saysthelocalandnationalgovernmentshave

failedtodoanythingaboutthecrowdsfbrdecades,becausethey'reonlyinterestedin

tourism-theprimaryindustryinVenice,worthmorethan$3billionin2015."Veniceis

acashcow,"shesays,"andeveryonewantsapiece.*1|E|JustbeyondSt.Mark'sSquare,a

cruiseshippasses,oneofhundredseveryyearthatappearovertheirmedieval（中世纪

的）surroundings.Theirmassivewakecreateswavesatthebottomofthesea,weakening

thefoundationsoftheccnturics-oldbuildingsthemselves."EverytimeIseeacruiseship,

Ifeelsad,"Chigisays."Youseethemuditdrags;thedestructionitleavesinitswake?

Thathurtstheancientwoodenpolesholdingupthecityunderwater.Onedaywe'llsee

Venicebreakdown.*'[F]Foratime,UNESCO,theculturalwingoftheUnitedNations,

seemedtoagree.Twoyearsago,itputItalyonnotice,sayingthegovernmentwasnot

protectingVenice.UNESCOconsiderstheentirecityaWorldHeritageSite,agreat

honorthatmeansVenice,attheculturallevel,belongstoalloftheworld'speople.In

2014,UNESCOgaveItalytwoyearstomanageVenice'sflourishingtourismorthecity

wouldbeplacedonanotherlist——WorldHeritageInDangerjoiningsuchsitesasAleppo

andPalmyra,destroyedbythewarinSyria.[G]Venice'sdeadlinepassedwithbarelya

murmur（陶“哝”hissummer,justasUNESCOwasmeetinginIstanbul.Onlyone

representative,JadTabetfromLebanon,triedtoraisetheissue."Forseveralyears,the

situationofheritageinVenicehasbeenworsening,andithasnowreachedadramatic

situation,"TabettoldUNESCO."Wehavetoactquickly,thereisnotamomentto

waste."[H]ButUNESCOdidn'tevenholdavote."It'sbeenpostponeduntil2017,Hsays

AnnaSomers,thefounderandCEOofTheArtNewspaperandtheformerheadof

VeniceinPeril,agroupdevotedtorestoringVenetianart.Shesaysthemainreasonthe

U.N.culturalorganizationdidn'tvotetodeclareVeniceaWorldHeritageSiteInDanger

isbecauseUNESCOhasbecome"intenselypoliticized.Therewouldhavebeensome

back-roomnegotiations."[I]ItalyboastsmoreUNESCOWorldHeritageSitesthanany

othercountryintheworld,grantingitconsiderablepov/erandinfluencewithinthe

organization.TheformerheadoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageCentre,whichoversees

heritagesites,isFrancescoBandarin,aVenetianwhonowservesasUNESCO'sassistant

director-generalforculture.|J|Earlierthisyear,ItalysignedanaccordwithUNESCOto

establishataskforceofpoliceartdetectivesandarchaeologists（考古学家）toprotect

culturalheritagefromnaturaldisastersandterrorgroups,suchasISIS.Theaccord

underlinedItaly'sglobalreputationasagoodstewardofartandculture.[K]Butadding

VenicetotheUNESCOendangeredlist—whichisdominatedbysitesindevelopingand

conflict-riddencountries—wouldbeaninternationalembarrassment,andcouldevenhurt

Italy'sprofitabletourismindustry.TheItalianCultureMinistrysaysitisunawareofany

governmenteffortstopressureUNESCO.Asfortheorganizationitself,itdeclineda

requestfbraninterview.[L]Thecity'scurrentmayor,LuigiBrugnaro,hasridiculed

UNESCOandtoldittominditsownbusiness,whilecontinuingtosupportthecruiseship

industry,whichemploys5,000Veniceresidents.[M]AsforVenetians,they'rebeyond

frustratedandhopingforasolutionsoon."Ifsanightmareforme.Somesituationsare

reallydifficultwithtouristsaround,"saysGiorgioashenavigatesaroundaswelling

crowdattheRialtoBridge."Therearejustsomanyofthem.Theyneverknowwhere

theyaregoing,anddonotwalkinanorderlymanner.Navigatingthestreetscanbe

exhausting.H[N]Thenithitshim:Thiscrowdisn'tmadeupoftourists.They're

Venetians.Giorgiosayshe'sneverexperiencedtheRialtoBridgethiswayinallhis22

years."Foronce,wearetheoneswhoareblockingthetraffic,"hesaysdelightedly."It

feelsunreal.Itfeelslikewe'resomeformofendangeredspecies.It'sjustnice.The

feelingisjustpure."But,heworries,iftourismisn'tmanagedandhisfellowlocals

continuetomovetothemainland,hisgenerationmightbethelastwhocancall

themselvesnativeVenetians.

11Thepassingcruiseshipswillunderminethefoundationsoftheancientbuildingsin

Venice.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：经过的游轮会破坏威尼斯古老的建筑的根基。题干的关键词The

passingcruiseships和willunderminethefoundationsoftheancientbuildings与原文E

段第——、二4iJ的acruiseshippasses及weakeningthefoundationsofthecenturies-old

buildingsthemselves相对应，题干是对E段第一、二句的概括总结。故本题选E。

12、TheItaliangovernmenthasjustreachedanagreementwithUNESCOtotake

measurestoprotectitsculturalheritage.

标准答案：J

知识点解析：意大利政府刚刚与联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护其文

化遗产。题干的特殊关键词TheItaliangovernment和UNESCO,以及其他关键词

hasjustreachedallagreement和measurestoprotectitsculturalheritage与原文J段首

句的ItalysignedanaccordwithUNESCO及establishataskforce...toprotectcultural

heritage相对应，题干是对J段第一句的同义替换。故本题选J。

13、TheheritagesituationinVenicehasbeendeterioratinginthepastfewyears.

标准答案：G^

知识点解析：威尼斯的（文化）遗产状况在过去几年一直在恶化。题干的时间关键词

inthepastfewyears,以及其他关键词TheheritagesituationinVenice和hasbeen

deteriorating与原文G段第三句的Forseveralyears,thesituationofheritagein

Venice及hasbeenworsening相对应，题干是对G段第三句的同义替换。故本题选

Go

14、ThedecreaseinthenumberofpermanentresidentsinVeniceismainlyduetothe

increaseoftourists.

标准答案：C

知识点露析：威尼斯常住人口减少的主要原因是游客增加。题干的关键词The

decreaseinthenumberofpermanentresidents和mainlyduetotheincreaseoftourists

与原文C段第四句的Thetouristincreaseisonekeyreason及thecity'spopulationis

downfrom175o000inthe1950s相对应，题于是对C段第四句的同义替换。故木

题选C。

15、Iftourismgetsoutofcontrol,nativeVenetiansmaydesertthecityaltogetherone

day.

标准答案：N

知识点解析：如果旅游业失控，当地威尼斯人可能有一天会彻底离开这座城市。题

干的关键词Iftourismgetsoutofcontrol和nativeVenetiansmaydesertthecity

allogelher与原文N段最后一句的iftourismisn'tmanaged及hisfellowlocals

continuetomovetothemainland,hisgenerationmightbethelastwhocancall

themselvesnativeVenetians相对应，题干是对N段最后一句的同义替换。故本题选

No

16>UNESCOurgedtheItaliangovernmenttoundertakeitsresponsibilitytoprotect

Venice.

标准答案：F

知识点解析：联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。题干的

特殊名词关键词UNESCO和theItaliangovernment,以及其他关键词urged和

undertakeitsresponsibilitytoprotectVenice与原文F段最后一句的UNESCOgave

ItalytwoyearstomanageVenice'sflourishingtourism相对应，题干是对F段最后一

句的同义替换。故本题选F。

17、TheparticipantsintheVenetianmarchusedshoppingcartstoshowtheywere100%

localresidents.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：威尼斯人游行的参与者使用购物车表明他们是100%的当地居民，题

干的关键词usedshoppingcarls和toshowtheywere100%localresidents与原文B段

第——、二句的holdingtheircartsintheair及smallshoppingcarts——thesymbolofatrue

Venetian相对应，题干是对B段第一、二句的概括总结。故本题选B。

18、IgnoringUNESCO'swarning,themayorofVenicemaintainshissupportofthe

city'stourismindustry.

标准答案：L

知识点解析：威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。

题干的特殊关键词IgnoringUNESCO、warning和themayorofVenice以及其他关

键词maintainshissupportofthecity'stourismindusty与原文L段的Thecity's

currentmayor,hasridiculedUNESCO及continuingtosupportthecruiseshipindustry

相对应，题干是对L段的同义替换。故本题选L。

19^OnewomansaysthatfordecadestheItaliangovernmentandlocalauthoritieshave

onlyfocusedontherevenuesfromtourism.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方当局只关注旅游业带来的

收入。题干的时间关键词fordecades和人物关键词Onewoman,以及其他关键词

theIlaliangovernmentandlocalauthorities和haveonlyfocusedontherevenuesfrom

tourism与原文D段第一句的LauraChigi,agrandmother,thelocalandnational

governments,fordecades及onlyinterestedintourism—theprimaryindustryin

Venice.worthmorethan$3billionin2015相对应，题干是对D段第一句的同义替

换。故本题选D。

20、UNESCOhasnotyetdecidedtoputVeniceonthelistofWorldHeritageSitesIn

Danger.

标准答案：H

知识点解析：联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。题干的

特殊名词关键词UNESCO,以及其他关键词hasnotyetdecided弄口loputVenice

onthelistofWorldHeritageSitesInDanger与原文H段的第一句的UNESCOdidn't

evenholdavote及最后一句的didn'tvotetodeclareVeniceaWorldHeritageSiteIn

Danger相对应，题干是对H段内容的概括总结。故本题选H。

ForestsincountlieslikeBrazilandtheCongogetalotofaitenlionfrom

environmentalists,anditiseasytoseewhy.SouthAmericaandsub-SaharanAfricaare

experiencingdeforestationonanenormousscale:everyyearalmost5millionhectares

arelost.ButforestsarealsochanginginrichWesterncountries.Theyaregrowinglarger,

bothinthesensethattheyoccupymorelandandthatthetreesinthemarebigger.What

isgoingon?ForestsarcspreadinginalmostallWesterncountries,withthefastestgrowth

inplacesthathistoricallyhadratherfewtrees.In199028%ofSpainwasforested;now

theproportionis37%.InbothGreeceandItaly,thegrowthwasfrom26%to32%over

thesameperiod.ForestsaregraduallytakingmorelandinAmericaandAustralia.

PerhapsmostastonishingisthetrendinIreland.Roughly1%ofthatcountrywasforested

whenitbecameindependentin1922.Nowforestscover11%oftheland,andthe

governmentwantstopushtheproportionto18%bythe2040s.Twothingsarcfertilising

thisgrowth.Thefirstistheabandonmentoffarmland,especiallyinhigh,dryplaces

wherenothinggrowsterriblywell.Whenfarmersgiveuptryingtoearnalivingfrom

farmingorherding,treessimplymovein.Thesecondisgovernmentpolicyandsubsidy.

Throughouthistory,governmentshaveprotectedandpromotedforestsfordiverse

reasons,rangingfromtheneedforwoodenwarshipstoadesiretopromotesuburban

house-building.Nowadaysforestsareincreasinglywelcomebecausetheysuckincarbon

pollutionfromtheair.Thejustificationschange;thedesireformoretreesremains

constant.ThegreeningoftheWestdoesnotdelighteveryone.Farmerscomplainthat

landisbeingtakenoutofusebygenerouslysubsidisedtreeplantations.PartsofSpain

andPortugalsufferfromterribleforestfires.Otherssimplydisliketheappearanceof

forestsplantedinneatrows.Theywillhavetogetusedtothetrees,however.Thegrowth

ofWesternforestsseemsalmostasunstoppableasdeforestationelsewhere.

21、Whatiscatchingenvironmentalists'attentionnowadays?

A^Richcountriesarestrippingpooronesoftheirresources.

B、Forestsarefastshrinkinginmanydevelopingcountries.

C、Forestsareeatingawaythefertilefarmlandworldv/ide.

D、Richcountriesaredoinglittletoaddressdeforestation.

标准答案：B」

知识点解析：细节题。取据题下关键词environmentalists'attention定位到第一段第

一句，该句指出ForestsincountrieslikeBrazilandtheCongogetalotofattention

fromenvironmentalists,anditiseasytoseewhy（巴西和刚果等国的森林受到环保人

士的高度关注，原因很容易理解），第二句提到SouthAmericaandsub-Saharan

Africaareexperiencingdeforestationonanenormousscale：everyyearalmost5million

hectaresarelost（南美洲和撒哈拉以南非洲地区正在经历大规模森林砍伐：每年有近

500万公顷的森林遭到砍伐）。B项“很多发展中国家的森林面积在急剧减少”是对第

一段第二句的同义替换。故本题选B。

22、Whichcountrieshavethefastestforestgrowth?

A、Thosethathavenewlyachievedindependence.

B、Thosethathavethegreatestdemandfortimber.

C、Thosethatusedtohavethelowestforestcoverage.

D、Thosethatprovideenormousgovernmentsubsidies.

标准答案：c-

知识点解析：细节题。限据题干关键词ihefaslesiforestgrowth定位到第二段第一

句，该句指出ForestsarespreadinginalmostallWesterncountries,withthefastest

growthinplacesthathistoricallyhadRatherfewtrees（几乎所有西方国家的森林面积都

在扩张，历史上树木稀少的地方增长得最快）。C项“过去森林覆盖面积最低的国

家”是对原文placesthathistoricallyhadratherfewtrees的同义替换。故本题选Co

23、Whathasencouragedforestgrowthhistorically?

A、Thegovernment'sadvocacy.

B、Theuseofwoodforfuel.

C、Thefavourableclimate.

D、Thegreenmovement.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干关键词historically可定位至第三段第五句，该句指

LBThroughouthistory,governmentshaveprotected...（纵观历史，各国政府会出于各

种原因去保护、改善森林环境，从需要建造木制战舰到希望促进郊区房屋建设），

该句是对第四句Thesecondisgovernmentpolicyandsubsidy（第二是政府政策和补

贴）的解释说明。A项“政府的倡导”是对第三段第四句中governmentpolicyand

subsidy的同义替换c故本题选A«

24、Whataccountsforourincreasingdesireforforests?

A、Theiruniquescenicbeauty.

B、Theiruseasfruitplantations.

C、Theircapabilityofimprovingairquality.

D、Theirstablesupplyofbuildingmaterials.

标准答案：C:

知识点解析：细节题。限据题干关键词。urincreasingdesire可定位至第三段第六

句，该句指出Nowadaysforestsareincreasinglywelcomebecausetheysuckincarbon

pollutionfromtheair（如今，森林越来越受欢迎，因为它们吸收了空气中的碳污

染），C项“它们改善空气质量的能力”是对第三段第六句中theysuckincarbon

pollutionfromtheair的同义替换。故本题选Co

25、Whatdoestheauthorconcludeabouttheprospectsofforestation?

A、Desertsinsub-SaharanAfricawilldiminishgradually.

B、Itwillplayamoreandmoreimportantroleinpeople'slives.

C^Forestdestructioninihedevelopingworldwillquicklyslowdown.

D、Developedanddevelopingcountriesaremovinginoppositedirections.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干关键词prospectsofforestation可定位至第四段最后

一句，该句指出ThegrowthofWesternforestsseemsalmostasunstoppableas

deforestationelsewhere（西方国家森林面积的增长就像其他地方的森林面积减少一样

势不可挡），D项“发达国家和发展中国家背道而驰，.是对第四段最后一句的同义替

换。故本题选D。

Boredomhasbecometrendy.Studiespointtohowboredomisgoodfbrcreativityand

innovation,aswellasmentalhealth.Itisfoundthatpeoplearemorecreativefollowing

thecompletionofatedioustask.Whenpeoplearebored,theyhaveanincreasein

"associativethought"一theprocessofmakingnewconnectionsbetweenideas,whichis

linkedtoinnovativethinking.Thesestudiesareimpressive,butinreality,thebenefitsof

boredommayberelatedtohavingtimetoclearyourmind,bequiet,ordaydream.Inour

stimulation-richworld,itseemsunrealisticthatboredomcouldoccuratall.Yet,thereare

validreasonsboredommayfeelsopainful.Asitturnsout,boredommightsignalthefact

thatyouhaveaneedthatisn'tbeingmei.Ouralways-onworldofsocialmediamayresult

inmoreconnections,buttheyaresuperficialandcangetinthewayofbuildingareal

senseofbelonging.Feelingboredmaysignalthedesireforagreatersenseofcommunity

andthefeelingthatyoufitinwithothersaroundyou.Sotakethestepofjoiningan

organizationtobuildface-to-facerelationships.You'llfinddepththatyouwon'tgetfrom

yourscreennomatterhowmanylikesyougetonyourpost.Similartotheneedfor

belonging,boredpeopleoftenreportthattheyfeelalimitedsenseofmeaning.It'sa

fundamentalhumanneedtohavealargerpurposeandtofeellikewe'repartofsomething

biggerthanourselves.Whenpeoplearebored,they'remorelikelytofeellessmeaningin

theirlives.Ifyouwanttoreduceboredomandincreaseyoursenseofmeaning,seekwork

whereyoucanmakeauniquecontribution,orfindacauseyoucansupportwithyour

timeandtalent.Ifyourdefinitionofboredomisbeingquiet,mindful,andreflective,keep

itup.Butifyou'restrugglingwithrealboredomandtheemptinessitprovokes,consider

whetheryoumightseeknewconnectionsandmoresignificantchallenges.Thesearethe

thingsthatwillgenuinelyrelieveboredomandmakeyoumoreeffectiveintheprocess.

26>Whathavestudiesfoundaboutboredom?

A、Itfacilitatesinnovativethinking.

B、Itisaresultofdoingboringtasks.

C>Ithelpspeopleconnectwithothers.

D、Itdoeshanntoone'smentalhealth.

标准答案:A

知识点解析：细节题。限据题干关键词studiesfound定位到第一段第二、三句，第

一段第二句中提到howboredomisgoodforcreativityandinnovation（无聊有利于创造

力、创新能力和心理健康），第三句中提到morecreativefollowingthecompletionof

atedioustask（人们在做完一项枯燥单调的工作后更具有创造力），第四句也指出

Whenpeoplearebored,theyhaveanincreasein^associativethought"...whichislinked

toinnovativethinking（当人们无聊时，他们的“联想思维”一种在想法之间建立

新的联系的过程——会有所增强，其与创造性思维有关），A项“它促进了创新性思

考”是对该段内容的概括总结。故本题选A。

27、Whatdoestheauthorsayboredommightindicate?

A、Aneedtobeleftalone.

B、Adesiretobefulfilled.

C、Aconflicttoberesolved.

D、Atcclmgtobevalidated.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。眼据题干关键词boredommightindicate定位到第二段第三

句，第二段第三句提到signalthefactthat,that在此处引导同位语从句，解释说明

fact的具体内容,即youhaveaneedthatisn'tbeingmet（你的需求没能得到满足j,B

项“需要满足的渴望”是aneedthatisn'tbeingmet的同义替换。故本题选B。

28、Whatdowclearnaboutsocialmediafromthepassage?

A、Itmaybeanobstacletoexpandingone'sconnections.

B、Itmaygetinthewayofenhancingone'ssocialstatus.

C、Itmaypreventpeoplefromdevelopingagenuinesenseofcommunity.

D、Itmaymakepeoplefeelthattheyoughttofitinwiththeoutsideworld.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推断题。取据题干关键词socialmedia定位到第三段第一句，句中出

现表示转折的连词but,but的内容解释其劣势是getinthewayofbuildingareal

senseofbelonging（阻碍建立真正的归属感），C项“它可能阻止人们培养集体意识”是

对该句的同义替换。故本题选C。

29、Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledotogetridofboredom?

A、Countthelikestheygetontheirposts.

B、Reflectonhowtheyrelatetoothers.

C、Engageinreal-lifeinieractions.

D、Participateinonlinediscussions.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词suggest和getridofboredom定位到第三段

第三句，该句指出Sotakethestepofjoininganorganizationtobuildface-to-face

relationships（所以迈开脚步，加入组织，建立面对面的关系），C项“参与现实生活

中的互动''和第三句中joininganorganizationtobuildface-to-facerelationships为同义

替换。故本题选C。

30、Whatshouldpeopledotoenhancetheirsenseofmeaning?

A、Trytodosomethingoriginal.

B、Confrontsignificantchallenges.

C、Defineboredomintheiruniqueway.

D^Devotethemselvestoaworthycause.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。限据题干关键词enhancetheirsenseofmeaning定位到第四

段第四句，该句指出Ifyouwanttoreduceboredomandincreaseyoursenseof

meaning,seekworkwhereyoucanmakeauniquecontribution,orfindacauseyou

carlsupportwithyourtimeandlalent（如果你想要减少无聊感并提升生活的意义，那

就去找一份能让你做出独特贡献的工作，或者找到一项能让你投入时间和发挥才能

的事业），D项“让自己投身于一项有价值的事业中”是文中findacauseyoucan

supportwithyourtimeandtalent的同义替换。故本题选D。

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第2套

一、词汇理解(本题共io题，每题i.o分，共1。分。)

Neon(霓虹)istoHongKongasredphoneboothsaretoLondonandfogistoSan

Francisco.Whennightfalls,redandblueandothercolors[G1]ahazy(雾蒙

蒙的)glowoveracitylitupbytensofthousandsofneonsigns.Butmanyofthemare

goingdark,[G2]bymorepractical,butlessromantic,LEDs(发光二极管).

Changingbuildingcodes,evolvingtastes,andthehighcostofmaintainingthose

wonderfuloldsignshavebusinessesembracingLEDs,whichareenergy[G3]

,butstillcarrygreatcost."Tome,neonrepresentsmemoriesofthepast,"says

photographerSharonBlancc,whoseseriesHongKongNeoncelebratesthecity'sfamous

signs."LookingatthesignsnowIgetafeelingofamazement,mixedwithsadness.'1

Buildinganeonsignisanartpracticedby[G4]trainedonthejobtomold

glasstubesinto[G5]shapesandletters.Theyfillthesetubeswithgasesthat

glowwhen[G6].Neonmakesorange,whileothergasesmakeyellowor

blue.Ittakesmanyhourstocraftasinglesign.BlancespentaweekinHongKongand

[G7]morethan60signs;22ofthemappearintheseriesthatcapturethe

signslightinguplonelystreets—an[G8]thatmakesiteasytoadmiretheir

colorsandcraftsmanship."Ilovethebeautiful,handcrafted,old-fashioned[G9]

ofneon,"saysBlance.Thesignsdonothingmorethan[GIO]a

restaurant,theater,orotherbusiness,butdosointhemoststrikingwaypossible.A)

alternativeI)photographedB)approachJ)professionalsC)castK)qualityD)

challengingL)replacedE)decorativeM)stimulateF)efficientN)symbolizesG)

electrifiedO)volunteersH)identify

1、【Gl】

标准答案：C

知识点解析：空格前为主语redandblueandothercolors,空格后为宾语ahazy（雾

蒙蒙的）glow,因此空格处应为谓语动词（V.）o由句意可知，空格处的动词应与

“照耀或投射”表意相近。动词中只有C）cast”投射（光、影子等）”符合句意。故

本题选C。

2、[G2]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：空格前为句子主干，主干结构完整，_2_bymorepraclical,butless

romantic,LEDs（发光二极管）应为状语，空格后为by引导的介词短语，因此空

格处应为动词的现在分词或过去分词（v-ing/v-cd）。由句意及下文businesses

embracingLEDs可知，空格处的动词应与逻辑主语“霓虹灯”为被动关系，因此填入

的动词过去分词应与“替代，取代”表意相近。动词中只有L）replaced"代替，取

代''符合句意。故本题选L。

3、[G3]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：空格处位于which引导的非限定性定语从句中，从句为主系表结构，

energy整体作表语，因此空格处应为名词（n.）或形容词（a.）。由句意

可知，此处应表示“LED灯节能”，空格处的词应与“节约，高效”表意相近“只有形

容词F）efficient"有效率的，效率高的”符合句意，energyefficient构成固定用法，

意为“能效高的，节能的故本题选F。

4、[G4]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：空格前为引出被动语态施动者的介词by,空格后为过去分词短语

trainedonthejob作后置定语，修饰空格处，且下文出现They,因此空格处应为名

词复数（n-s）。由句意可知，空格处的名词应与“技术工人，专业工作者”表意相

近。名词中只有J）professionals”专门人员，专业人士”符合句意。故本题选J。

5、[G5]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：空格处位于moldosth.的结构中，空格前为in【o,空格后为

shapesandletters,因此空格处应为形容词（a.）。由句意及下文可知，霓虹灯用作

招牌，空格处的形容词应与“装饰的，艺术的''表意相近。形容词中只有E）

decorative"装饰性的，作装饰用的”符合句意。故本题选E。

6、[G6]

标准答案；G

知识点解析：空格前为when,所以空格处位于when引导的时间状语从句中，且

省略了与主句相同的主语（由that指代的先行词gases）及be动词are,因此空格

处应为作表语的形容词（a.）或构成被动语态的动词过去分词（v-ed）。由句意及

下文可知，霓虹灯中的气体会发不同颜色的光，但其条件应该是“通电”，空格处的

词应与“通电，插电”表意相近。形容词和动词中都只有G)electrif