2024届广东省湛江市高三上学期期末联考英语试题和答案

高三英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。卡上。写在本试卷上无效3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两书，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhileAlicehasheradventuresintheWonderland,youcanhaveyourownaswellthissummer.BritishcontemporaryartistPhilipColberthascreatedaLobster(龙虾)WonderlandinChangsha,HunanProvince.Date:July15Location:ChangshaInternationalFinanceSquare(ChangshaIFS)AboutPhilipColbertHisgloballywelcomedlobsterserieshaswontheheartsofalargenumberoffollowers.Theartist,withamaster'sinphilosophy,takeslobsterashissecondpersonality.Throughlargeinstallations,publicartthemeexhibitionandnewmediaart,theartisthasintroducedworksfromgalleriesandcreatedasurrealartsceneryincity'spublicspacewithacombinationofpopartandlocalculture.FeaturesInChangshaIFS,Colbert'sexhibition,whichistheLondon-basedartist'sfirstlarge-scaleoutdoorpublicartinstallations,hasthreemajorsectors,showcasinghislargeinstallations,sculpturesandnewmediaartsaswellasthespecialWorkscreatedfortheevent.Theopeningceremony,anartcarnival,sawthedobut(首次登台)ofa12-meter-longLobsterTaikonautspeciallymadebyColbert.HisLobsterFlowerandLobsterSharkalsofoundtheirwayintheparade.Althesouthwestsquare,peoplecanfindLobsterFountaintowering12metersandenjoytwomajorthemesectors,LobsterIslandandLobsterSkatePark.LobsterRainbow,alobsterbreakingthrougharoofwitharainbowbehindit,istheartist'sbrand-newworkforChangshaIFS.Inhisworks,suchasDaydreamer,Colbertalsoexpresseshiswishofnarrowingthedistancebetweenartpiecesandpeople.2l.WhatisPhilipColbertwellknownfor?A.AliceWonderland.B.SharkexperienceC.Rainbowstory.D.Lobsterseries.22.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitionaccordingtothetext?A.Ittookplaceintheopenair.B.Therewasnospecialworksfortheevent.C.Peoplecanenjoylobsterfountainandlake.D.LobsterIslandistheartistsbrand-newworkforChangshaIFS.23.Wherecanthetextprobablybefound?A.Ashoppingbrochure.B.AnartmagazineC.Asciencereport.D.Afashionadvertisement.BWhenBelquerfirstjoinedateamtomakeabetterlivemusicexperiencefordeafandhardof-hearingpeople,hewasstruckbyhowtheyhaddevelopedworkaroundstoenjoyconcerts.“Whattheyweredoingatthetimewasholdingballoonstofeelthevibrations(震动)throughtheirfingers,”Belquersaid.Hethoughttheteamcouldmakesomethingtohelphard-of-hearingpeopleenjoylivemusicevenmorewiththetechnologynowavailable.Belquer,whoisalsoamusicianandtheaterartist,isnowthe"ChiefVibrationOfficer"ofMusic:NotImpossible,whichusesnewtechnologytoaddresssocialissueslikepovertyanddisabilityaccess.Histeamstartedbytyingdifferentvibratingcellphonemotorstobodies,butthatdidn'tquitework.Thevibrationswereallthesame.Eventually,theyworkedwithengineerstodevelopalighthaptic(触觉的)suitwithatotalof24vibratingplates.Thereare20ofthemtiedtoavestthatfitstightlyaroundthebodylikeahikingbackpack,plusonethattiestoeachwristandankle,Whenyouwearthesuit,it'ssurprisinghowitfeels.ThevibrationsaremixedbyahapticDJwhocontrolsthelocation,frequencyandintensityoffeelingacrossthesuits,justasamusicDJmixessoundsinanartfulway.“Whatwe'redoingisSelectingandmixingwhatwewantandsendittodifferentpartsofthebody,"saidtheDJ.Thehapticsuitswerejustonecomponentoftheevent.TherewereAmericanSignLanguageinterpreters;themusicwascaptionedonascreenonthestage.Thesuitsarethestarattraction.LilyLipman,whohasauditoryprocessingdisorder,litupwhenaskedaboutherexperience.“It'scool,becauseI'mneverquitesureifI'mhearingwhatotherpeoplearehearing,soit'samazingtogetthemusicinmybody."24.WhatsurprisedBelqueraboutpeoplewithhearingproblems?A.Theattitudetheyheldtolife.B.Thewaytheyenjoyedmusic.C.Thelovetheyhadforballoons.D.Thefrequencytheyvibratedfingers.25.Whydidtheteam'sinitialattemptfail?A.Thevibrationslackedvariety.B.Themotorswerethesame.C.Themotorshardlyworked.D.Thevibrationswereirregular.26.WhatdidtheDJdo?A.Heinterpretedthesignlanguage.B.Hecaptionedthemusiconstage.C.Heselectedsuitsfortheattendees.D.Hehelpedpeoplefeelthemusic.27.WhatdoesLilyLipmanthinkofthesuit?A.Comforting.B.Challenging.C.Satisfying.D.EncouragingCBringingspecieslikebeavers(河狸)backtoEnglandisnolongerapriority,thegovernmentsaidonFridaytocriticismfromwildlifegroups.ArecentreportshowsthatonensixUKspeciesareatriskofextinction.InSeptembermorethan60conservationorganizationsreportedasignificantdeclineinspeciesduetoexpansionsinfarmingandtheeffectsofclimatechange.Inrecentyears,animalsandplantshavebeenreintroducedbycharitiesaspartofeffortstorestorethecountry'sreducedbiodiversityDespitethegovernmentallowingthis,theEnvironment,FoodandRuralAffairsCommitteeconcludedinJulythattherewasanabsenceoflong-termplansonhowtomanagethis.Inresponse,thegovernmenthasnowsaidthatthe“reintroductionofspeciesisnotapriority".Thegovernmentsaiditwasfocusedonincreasingbiodiversitythroughhabitatrestoration.Thegovernment'senvironmentdepartmenthascomeunderscrutiny(详细审查)fornotdoingmoretopreventsewagedumpingandotherformsofpollutioninEngland'swaterways.SirRobertGoodwill,chairoftheCommittee,saidhewasdisappointedwiththegovernmentresponse.Bringingbackextinctspeciesisacontroversialissue—althoughfarmersandlandownersappearbroadlysupportive,therearerisksofreintroducingnewspecies,andwithoutclearguidance,problemscouldarise.Arecentstudyshowedthatriverbarrierssimilartothosebuiltbybeaverscanprotectcommunitiesatriskofflooding.ButtherehavealsobeencasesdocumentedinEuropewherebeavershavebuilttheirdamsinplacesthathavedamagedcropsandchangedrivers.JoanEdwards,directorofPolicy&PublicAffairsatTheWildlifeTrustssaid,“ReintroducingwildlifemustbepartoftheUKgovernment'sarsenal(武器)fortacklingnaturelossandclimatechange—itisastonishingthereisnostrategyfordoingso.”“Thereturnofwildbeaverscanhelptorecreatelostwetlands,withaknock-oneffectthatbenefitsotherwildlifeincludinginsects,invertebratesandbirds.Beaversalsoslowtheflowofwater,whichcanreducefloodriskstotownsandvillages,"shesaid.28.Whatdoesparagraph2wanttoconvey?A.ThesituationofspeciesintheUKkSevere.B.ReintroductionofspeciesintheUKisnotapriority.C.Expansionsinfarminghaveagreateffectonclimatechange.D.TheUKgovernment'sresponsetoreducedbiodiversityisdisappointing.29.HowdidtheUKgovernmentplantoincreasebiodiversity?A.Byrestoringhabitat.B.Byofferingguidance.C.Byexpandingfarming.D.Bydevelopingstrategy.30.WhatdidJoanEdwardsthinkofreintroductionofwildlife?A.Itwasmessy.B.Itwascontroversial.C.Itwasbeneficial.D.Itwascostly.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofreintroducingwildlife.B.Theresponsestoagovernmentstatement.C.Theeffectsofclimatechangeonfarming.D.Theapproachestoincreasingbiodiversity.DResearchershaveproposedanovelmethodforcountingandtrackingvehiclesonpublicroads,ddevelopmentthatcouldimprovecurrenttrafficsystemsandhelptravelersgettotheirdestinationsfaster.UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving.Inpreviousstudies,OhioStateresearchersfoundthatusingthesemobile,camerasprovidesmuchbetterspatialandtemporal(时间的)coveragethanrelyingonoftentemporarilyplacedsensorsthatdon'tprovideaviewofmanystreetsandroadsinacity.“Ifwecollectandprocessmorehigh-resolution(高清)spatialinformationaboutwhat'shappeningontheroads,thenplannerscoildbetterunderstandchangesindemand,effectivelyimprovingefficiencyinthebroadertransportationsystem,”saidKeithRedmill,leadauthorofthestudy.“Ifwecanmeasuretrafficinawaythatisasgoodorbetterthanwhatisconventionallydonewithfixedsensors,thenwewillhavecreatedsomethingincrediblyusefulextremelycheaply,"hesaid.“Ourgoalistostartbuildingasystemthatcoulddothiswithoutmuchmanualinterventionbecauseifyouwanttocollectthisinformationoverlotsofpotentialvehiclesandlotsoftime,it'sworthfullyautomatingthatprocess."Whilestillalongwayfromtotalimplementation(实施),thestudysuggeststhesystem'sresultsbearpromiseforthefutureofintelligenttrafficsurveillance.Transportationplanners,engineersandoperatorsmakevitaldecisionsaboutthefutureofourroadways,sowhendesigningtransportationsystemstoworkoverthenext30to50years,it'snecessarythatwegivethemdatathatallowsthemtoimprovetheefficiencyofthesystemandthelevelofserviceprovidedtotravelers32.Howcancamerasonbusesbenefittravelers?A.Byshorteningtheirtraveltime.B.Bymakingtheirschedulestight.C.Bydecreasingtheirtransportcost.D.Byimprovingtheirsafetyawareness.33.Whatcanweknowaboutthesensorsplacedonbuses?A.Theyprovidemorespatialcoverage.B.Theycan'tdetectobjectsontheroad.C.Theycoverlessviewoftheurbantraffic.D.Theyaccuratelyrecordtheflowoftraffic.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surveillance”inparagraph6mean?A.Operation.B.Monitoring.C.Protection.D.Arrangement.35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TransportationautomationisonitswayB.ItistimetoimprovetheefficiencyoftrafficsystemC.CamerasinstalledonbusescanbettermeasuretrafficD.Transportationplannersusecamerastomakepolicies第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)为多余选项。Gettingandstayingfocusedcanbeachallengeeveninthebestoftimes.Butwitheverythinggoingonintheworld,concentratingcanoftenfeeldown-rightimpossible.Belowaresometipstohelpyoufindyourflow.Distract(使分心)yourbrain.Scheduleintoeveryworkdaysomebreaksfromallthatfocusingandallowyourmindtotravelintowhat'scalledthe“default(默认的)modenetwork”forabitoffreestyleactivities.__36__.It'stheplacewhereourmindsfindinnovationandcreativityandoftenmakebetterdecisionsthanthefocusedmind,__37__.Thisinvolvesfirstturningyourattentioninward.Trytravelingwithyourmindtosomeplaceenjoyable—maybeit'sawalkthroughanimaginaryforestorsunbathingonawarmsandybeach.Doingthisseveraltimesadaycanofferyourmindafreshapproachtothejobathand.Blockinterruptionsbeforedivingintodeepwork.__38__.Tohelp,turnofftextmessaging,notificationsandsocialmediaalerts.Bevitalwhenyouwantadeepdiveintofocus.Yourimportantworkbenefitswhenyoushutofforputawayyourphoneandotherscreens.Knowyourbodyclock.Whetheryouaresharpinthemorningoranightowl,don'tspendyourday—inparticularyourpeakbrainhours—doingbusywork.__39__.Trynewhobbies.Engaginginhobbiesnotonlyisfunbutcanhelpuscomeupwithnewsolutionstoproblemswe'refacingatworkorhome.__40__.A.TrytodaydreamwhathappenedB.WetrytoobtainfocusbutinvainC.EngageinpositiveconstructivedaydreamingD.Instead,reserveyourbestbraintimeforthebigstuff)E.ThisnetworkofthebraincircuitiewheremagichappensF.Ourdaysarefilledwithdistractions,fromothersandourselvesG.Allowingyourmindtimetoplayisanotherwaytoinviteinnovation第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thisisatruestorythattookplaceafewdaysago.Thiswomanlooked__41__,butshewasveryprettyinmyeyes.Imetthemostbeautifulwomaninashop.Shewasn'tthat__42__asshewas5feetatthemost.Her__43__wasbent,too.Shewasthinandherfacewas__44__withblackagespotsfromalifetimeofworkinginthesun.HerhairwasthinandWhiteShewasatleast80yearsoldandmighthavebeenover90.Shemoved__45__andwitheatcanHowever,whenshe46atyouintheeyeandspoketoyou,youcouldseeher__47__beautyshiningthrough.Herfacewaswrinkledfromavery__48__lifeofhardworkanddifficulty.Butitwasthelinesaroundhereyesthatcaughtmy__49__.Thesewrinklesweredeepandforever“canyons”thathadbeen__50__byamillionsmilesandalifetimeoflaughter.Herweredeepsetandhiddenbehindthick,heavyglasses.Butyoucouldstillseealovelylight__52__outofthem.Whenshetalkedtoyou,theywerebrightwithawonderfulshinethattoldyoushewas__53__withfaith,love,hope,kindnessandjoy.Ionly__54__herforaminuteortwo,yetIleftfeelingbetter,andhappier.Ionlyhopethatonedaymyownfacewill__55__thesignsthathersdid,showingahappylife,andalovedlife.41.A.delightful42.A.tallB.accessibleB.efficientB.imageC,ordinaryC.depressedC.backD.delicateD.lazy43.A.footD.dignityD.issued44.A.awarded45.A.slowly46.A.wondered47.A.superb48.A.longB.coveredB.firmlyC.associatedC,ultimatelyC.glaredD.vividlyD.lookedD.slightB.pointedB,true,C.typicalB.rigidC.reservedC.curiosityC.formedC.smilesD.strangeD.sympathyD.integratedD.eyes49、A.concern50.A.rewarded51.A.options52.A.escaping53.A.anxious54.A.castoff55.A.changeB.attentionB.motivatedB.emotionsB.shiningB.comparedB.focusedoB.presentC.dyingD.swingingD.contentD.spokeC.filledC.applaudedforC.loseD.improve第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dieselengines(柴油机)workonthesameBasieprinciples__56__gasolineengines,buttheydotheworkdifferently.Let'stakeacloserlook.Thestoryofthedieselengineactuallybeginswiththeinventionofthegasolineengine.NikolausAugustOtto__57__(invent)thegasolineenginein1861.Hisinventionusedthefour-strokecombustion(四冲程燃烧)principle,alsoknownasthe“OttoCycle”,__58__isthebasisformost/carenginestoday.Initsearlystage,thegasolineenginewasn'tveryefficient,andothermajormethodsoftransportation,suchasthesteamengine,performed__59__(poor)aswell.Onlyabout10percentofthefuel__60__(use)topowerthesetypesofenginesactuallymovedavehicle.Therestofthefuelsimplyproduceduselessheat.RudolfDieselcreatedanenginewithhighefficiency,andhedevotedmuchofhistimeto__61__(develop)a“combustionpowerengine”.By1892Dieselhadobtainedapatentfor__62__wenowcallthedieselengine.Fordecades,dieselengineshadareputationforbeingdirtandloud.WhileEuropeadoptedthetechnologyprettywidely,most__63__(drive)intheUnitedStatessaid,“No,thankyou.”Bythe21stcentury,thoughdieselenginesbecamefarcleaner,much__64__(quiet)andevenmoreefficienttheyexperiencedasetbackinpopularopinionbecauseofascandal(丑闻)in2014.Thanksto__65__(they)provenefficiency,though,dieselenginesareregainingsomeground.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)Novak(Chineselute),你想跟他互相学习。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：1.钦佩他的演奏；2.提出互相学习。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearNovak,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分).AFortunateEscape“TruthorDare,Ben?”Maxquestioned.Max,BenandIwerewalkinghometogetherwhileItooksmallbitesofthebeefburgerIhadgrabbedfrontashopnearby.“TruthorDare”wasagameweusuallyplayedtoamuseourselvesonthelengthy,boringjourneyhome.Benwantedadare.“Well,Ben,Idareyoutocarrymybagallthewayhome!”MaxcommandedaswelaughedatpoorBen'strouble.AsBenpulledtheheavybaguphisshoulderandadjustedthebagstraps,henoticedthatMax'sbagwaspartiallyopen.Whenhehurriedlyputitonhisback,anobjectflewoutofthebag,andoverthe/fenceofourneighbour'shouse.“Oh,no,”Maxcried,“IthinkthatwasmyEnglishassignment.”Stretchinghishandoutandtryingtocrawl(爬)underthefencetosavethepaper,Benfoundthatitwasjustoutofreach.“Well,IguessI'lljusthavetoclimboverthefencetogetit,”Bensaid.Hewasbarelyabletoclimbup,usingthesmallgapsinthewoodenfenceashandholdsasthefencewasnearlyastallashim(whichwasnotverytall),andlowenoughforsomethingtobethrowneverit.Slidingdownthefence,Bengrabbedthevaluedpieceofpaper,complainingaboutinjureddignity.Justthen,aloudandfrighteningbarkcuthiswordsshort.“Woof,Woof!”Ourneighbour,MrMason,ownedaGermanshepherd(kindofdog),well-knownforitsfierceness,whichguardedthehouse.Itwassomethingwehadoverlooked,toofocusedonbringingbackMax'sassignment.Ben'slegstrembledlikejellyandhisfaceturnedadeathlywhiteastheGermanshepherdadvancedslowlyonhimlikeawolfmovingtowardsitstarget.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MaxandIstaredatitinfear.JustthenIcaughtsightofmyhalf-eatenburgeronthepath.高三英语参考答案阅读：21—23DABA篇：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了英国当代艺术家PhilipColbert在湖南长沙创作的“龙虾仙境”。21.DAboutPhilipColbert作品受到全球欢迎，所以他是因他的龙虾系列作品而全球闻名的。22.A【解析】推理判断题。根据Features部分第一段可知，该展览是这位伦敦艺术家的第一个天型户外公共艺术装置。23.B【解析】细节理解题。文章主要介绍了一位艺术家的展览，故本文可以在艺术杂志上看到。24—27BADCB篇：本文是一篇记叙文。音乐家Belquer和团队一起利用震动原理研发设备，让重度听力障碍者和聋哑人也能体验现场音乐。24.B变通办法，这让他感到震惊。他们当时的做法是拿着气球，通过手指感受震动。25.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句可知，他的团队开始将不同的震动手机马达绑在人体上，但这并不奏效。震动都是一样的，缺乏变化。26.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第人句可知，这些震动由一位触觉DJ来混合，他控制着通过衣服传来的感觉的位置、频率和强度，就像音乐DJ用一种巧妙的方式混合声音一样。27.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，LilyLipman对这种触感套装很满意。28—31AACBC份声明就引起了争议。28.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段可知，此段主要介绍了英国物种多样性的现状。从介绍来看，形势严峻。29.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，政府表示，其重点是通过恢复栖息地来增加生物多样性。30.CJoanEdwards认为重新引进野生动物是英国政府应对自然丧失和气候变化的武器。重新引进野生动物是有好处的。31.B份声明就引起了争议。社会各界对政府的这份声明做出了不同的反应。32—35ACBCD32.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，该方法可以让旅客缩短出行时间。33.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段可知，之前使用的传感器无法提供城市中许多街道的视图。34.B【解析】词义推测题。本文讲述公交车装摄像头，其作用肯定是“监视；监控”。35.C【解析】主旨大意题。研究人员证明安装在校园公交车上的摄像头可以自动准确辆。故本文主要讲述利用公交车上的摄像头可以更好地估量交通状况。36—40ECFDG七选五：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种提高注意力的方法。36.E“‘默认模式网络’,进行一些自由活动”E“这个大脑回路网络就是奇迹发生的地方”与之衔接紧密。【解析】C“”统领本段内容“这包括首先将你的注意力转向内部。试着想象去一个令人愉快的地方旅行——也许是在想象中的森林里散步，新的思路”。38.F【解析】根据本段主旨句“在投入工作之前屏蔽干扰”可知，F项“我们的生活充满了干扰，来自他人和自己”对此做出说明。39.D“无论你是早晨思维敏捷还是夜猫子型的，都不要把一天的时间——尤其是大脑最活跃的时间——花在消磨时间的下作上”D“脑最好的时间留给重要的事情”与之构成对比40.G【解析】G“让你的大脑有时间玩耍是另一种创新的方式”和本段主旨句“尝试新的爱好”前后呼应。41—45CACBA~46+50DBABC51—55DBCDB在别人眼中很普通，但我觉得她是最漂亮的。41.C【解析】考查形容词。这个女人看起来很普通，但在我眼里却很漂亮。42.A【解析】考查形容词。她没有那么高，最多只有5英尺高。43.C【解析】考查名词。她的背也弯了。公众号：高中试卷君44.B45.A【解析】考查副词。她缓慢而小心地移动着。46.D【解析】考查动词。然而，当她看着你的眼睛和你说话时；你可以看到她真正的美丽。47.B【解析】考查形容词。参见上一题解析。48.A49.B【解析】考查名词。但引起我注意的是她眼睛周围的皱纹。50.C【解析】考查动词。这些皱纹是深深的、永远的“峡谷”,是由无数的微笑和一生的笑声形成的。51.D【解析】考查名词。她的眼睛深陷，藏在又厚又沉的眼镜后面。52.B【解析】考查动词。但你仍然可以看到它们发出可爱的光。53.C【解析】考查形容词。当她和你说话时，她的眼睛闪耀着奇妙的光芒，告诉你她充满了信仰、爱、希望、善良和喜悦。54.D【解析】考查动词短语。我只和她聊了一两分钟，但我离开时感觉好多了，也更快乐