破解 四招完胜七选五阅读2025高考英语大二轮专题二　七选五阅读

2025高考英语大二轮专题二七选五阅读破解四招完胜七选五阅读第一招利用语篇分析，快解七选五阅读从近几年的高考七选五来看，选材一般为说明文，文章的结构清晰，逻辑关系严谨。因此我们必须了解文章的语篇结构，掌握语篇的衔接手段，把握句际和段际之间的逻辑关系，方可快速高效地解题。说明文体七选五通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握整体结构和段际关系，对于标题设空类或者主旨句设空类的解答大有帮助。2020～2023年17套高考试卷中，说明文体七选五考查了16次，其文章结构有以下三种类型：结构类型图示卷别考查次数总(P1)—分2023·全国乙卷，2022·新高考Ⅱ卷，2022·全国乙卷，2021·新高考Ⅱ卷，2020·新高考Ⅰ卷，2020·新高考Ⅱ卷，2020·全国Ⅰ卷，2020·全国Ⅱ卷8总(P1&2)—分2023·全国甲卷，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，2021·全国甲卷3总—分—总2023·新高考Ⅰ卷，2023·新高考Ⅱ卷，2022·全国甲卷，2021·全国乙卷，2020·全国Ⅲ卷5【典例】(2023·全国甲卷)TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPersonHere’sariddle：Whatdotrafficjams，longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon？There’soneanswer：36.They’re__all__situations__where__we__could__use__a__little__extra__patience.…·Practicegratitude(感激)…·Makeyourselfwait…·__39__Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate，andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone，wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself，“40.This__is__merely__uncomfortable，not__intolerable.”You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable，notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience自主解答：C【解题分析】第一步观察文章结构，缩小选择范围由每段前的实心圆点来看，每段首句是主题句，再观察每个段落的首句都是祈使句，故39题选择范围是A、B、C三项。第二步根据上下文语境，确定答案根据本段内容“Somanyofushavethebelief...wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关。解题提示：解题时关注文章整体结构和段际关系，并利用文章结构解题。(2023·蚌埠三模)Beyourself“Beyourself.”Perhapsyou’veheardpeoplesaythistoyoubefore,butyou’renotreallysurewhatitmeans.__1__Butbeingyourselfreallymeansbeingtruetoyourself.Tobeyourself,though,youhavetolearnaboutyourself.Gettoknowyourinnerself.Writedownthingsthatareimportanttoyou,suchasbeinghonest,playingfairorbeingagoodfriend.It’snotaboutwhetheryoupreferpeanutbuttertomarmaladeonyourtoast,it’saboutwhatmakesyoufeelhappyandcomfortablewithyourself.It’saboutknowingwhatmakesyoufeelawkwardorsad.__2__Don’talwaysdothingstopleaseothers.Ifyoudowhatotherswantallthetime,it’seasytoforgetaboutyourselfandwhatyouwant.__3__Don’talwaysgoalongwiththecrowd,butstopandtakeabreathfirst.Askyourselfifthisisrightforyou.Learnwhatyourlimitsare.__4__It’saboutunderstandingwhatisOKwithyouandwhatisn’t.Withoutboundaries,it’seasyforpeopletowalkalloveryouandtakeadvantageofyou.Ifyousetboundaries,youwillrecognisewhenpeoplearetryingtocrossthem.__5__Learntoloveallyourlittleoddhabitsandthethingsthatareuniquetoyou.Thismaybesomethingaboutyourappearance,oritcouldbethewayyouspeakorthetypeofmusicyoulike.Youdon’thavetobethesameaseveryoneelsetobelovedorliked.A.Behavedifferently.B.Appreciateyourself.C.Thisiscalledsettingboundaries.D.Whoelsewouldyoube,afterall?E.It’sthethingsthatmattertoyou,deepdown.F.Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,askyourselfwhy.G.Youshould,instead,putyourselfintoothers’shoes.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了如何做自己。它强调了了解自己、不为了取悦别人而做事、制定个人边界、尊重自己独特性的重要性。我们需要了解自己的内在自我，以及学会对自己诚实、有自信。1.D[根据前文“‘Beyourself.’...whatitmeans.”及下文“Butbeingyourselfreallymeans...youhavetolearnaboutyourself.”可知，空处内容与下文有转折，人们经常说做你自己，但是你并不知道其真正的含义。除了自己还能是谁？然后说做自己就要了解自己，与D项上下文一致，故选D项。]2.E[根据小标题“Gettoknowyourinnerself.”可知，本段主要内容为了解内在的自我，前文“It’saboutknowingwhatmakesyoufeelawkwardorsad.”与E项“It’sthethingsthatmattertoyou,deepdown.”上下文一致，故选E项。]3.F[根据小标题“Don’talwaysdothingstopleaseothers.”可知，本段主要讲述不要为了取悦别人而做事。前文“Ifyoudowhatotherswant...whatyouwant.”提到如果取悦别人，你会忘记自己以及忘记自己想要什么，下文“Don’talwaysgoalongwith...thisisrightforyou.”提到不要总是随波逐流，由此可知，空处应该是假设你随波逐流，去取悦别人的做法，与F项上下文一致，故选F项。]4.C[根据小标题“Learnwhatyourlimitsare.”及下文“Withoutboundaries...andtakeadvantageofyou.”可知，需要设置边界，要明确什么事情对你没问题，什么事情是不行的，与C项上下文一致，“This”代指本段小标题中的“limits”，故选C项。]5.B[根据“Learntoloveallyourlittleoddhabits...thesameaseveryoneelsetobelovedorliked.”可知，要学会爱自己，爱自己与别人不同的东西，就是要欣赏自己。B项“Appreciateyourself.”适合作本段小标题，故选B项。](2023·泰安一模)Whenwe’rebored,mostofusendupbeinggluedtoaphone.Thatmighteaseourboredom.__1__Thattimecould’vebeenspentonadifferent,morevaluableactivity.Thefollowingwillhelpeaseyourboredom,andteachyoutousetimemoreproductively.Reading.__2__That’sbecausetheywereforcedtoreadatschool.Butwhenyouhavetheoptiontochoosewhichbookyou’regoingtoread,youcanunderstandwhyit’senjoyable.Notonlycanithelpeaseyourboredom,it’salsooneofthebestwaystoexpandyourknowledge.__3__Peopleoftenforgetwhythey’repursuingsomethinginthefirstplace.Somemaynotevenbesurewhatthey’resupposedtobedoingintheirdailylife.Thislackofdirectionthenoftenshowsupasboredom.That’swhyhavinggoalsisimportant.Exercise.Exerciseisgoodandshouldbedonefrequently.__4__Mostpeoplewhoexercisedoittolookbetterinthemirror.Butthere’sanotherreasonwhyyoushouldexercise.Itimprovesourbrainfunction.Cleaningupyourroom.Takealookaroundrightnow.Chancesarethatthespaceyou’rein,isfarfromclean.However,youhavetochangethat,asourphysicalenvironmenthasahugeimpactonourcognition,behavioranddecisionmaking.__5__Butonceweremoveallthisvisualmessfromourenvironment,we’reabletofocusandprocessinformationmuchbetter.A.Pursuingadream.B.Planningandgoalsetting.C.Butthere’sanopportunitycost.D.Mostpeopleonlydoreadingafterschool.E.Butforsomereason,noteveryonedoesit.F.Whenoursurroundingsareamess,soarewe.G.Mostpeopledon’treadanythingafterthey’vefinishedschool.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几个在我们无聊的时候做的事情，这些事情比起玩手机更有意义。1.C[根据前文“Thatmighteaseourboredom.”可知，玩手机有一定好处；根据后文“Thattimecould’vebeenspentonadifferent,morevaluableactivity.”可知，玩手机的时间其实被浪费了，即玩手机的时候也错过了“使用这些时间做其他有意义的事情”的机会，即这样做存在机会成本。C项和前文构成转折；后文是对C项的进一步解释说明。]2.G[根据后文“That’sbecausetheywereforcedtoreadatschool.”可知，人们在学校被迫读书，在校外不愿意读书。G项符合语境，且后文“they”指代G项中“Mostpeople”。]3.B[根据后文“That’swhyhavinggoalsisimportant.”可知，本段主题强调树立目标的重要性。B项符合语境。]4.E[前文“Exerciseisgoodandshouldbedonefrequently.”说明做运动有好处且应该经常做。根据第二段“That’sbecausetheywereforcedtoreadatschool.”和第三段“Somemaynotevenbesure...intheirdailylife.”可知，在每段给出的建议下，都说明了很多人在现实中不这样做。因此本段建议运动，现实中有些人不运动。E项说明有些人不会定期运动，符合语境。]5.F[根据“Cleaningupyourroom.”和后文“Butonceweremoveallthisvisualcessinformationmuchbetter.”可知，本段主题为要打扫房间，拥有一个整洁的生活环境。F项说明了整洁环境的重要性，符合语境。]

第二招根据设空位置，巧解七选五阅读命题人常采用小标题、段首、段中和段尾四种设空方式。句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人正是利用设空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用来考查学生的逻辑思维能力。以近四年新高考Ⅰ卷为例。设题位置2023·新高考Ⅰ卷2022·新高考Ⅰ卷2021·新高考Ⅰ卷2020·新高考Ⅰ卷设空处是小标题无无无无设空在段首无无T39，段间过渡句T20，段首主旨句设空在段中T36/37/39/40，上下文衔接句T36/37/38/40，上下文衔接句T36/37/38/40，上下文衔接句T16/17/19，上下文衔接句设空在段尾T38，段尾总结句T39，段尾总结句无T18，段间过渡句从以上统计来看，新高考Ⅰ卷七选五阅读对标题句的考查较少，对细节句的考查侧重上下文的衔接，做题时应关注空前空后关键句中的关键词和过渡衔接词。段首设空题【典例1】(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However，theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.__36__Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay，putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.37.Let__your__pen__follow__the__waves__of__thought.Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon’tworkforeveryone，ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect...Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple－spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision...A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D.Firstofall，learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F.Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft，againsettingyourtextontriple－space.自主解答：D【图解技巧】【实战应用】分析文章结构和后两段首句可知，空格处是本段的主旨句。由空后的“Whenyouarefirst...leavethepaper.”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写。【关键点拨】1.如果是段首主旨句，则要着重阅读后面全段的内容，特别关注其后第一、二句，锁定关键信息词，然后在选项中查找相关对应词。2.如果是过渡句，则要瞻前顾后找启示：利用上一段的主要内容，特别是尾句的内容和空后第一、二句确定相关信息词，然后在选项中查找与之相关的内容。段中设空题【典例2】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Atthetopofasecondpage，puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”Onthisone，listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework，whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked，orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.38.Whatever__it__is，no__matter__how__small__it__might__seem，write__it__down.Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.__39__Thatway，youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact，don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself－confidenceatanytime.A.Alittleself－forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis，nomatterhowsmallitmightseem，writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake，rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.自主解答：C【图解技巧】【实战应用】根据空后内容“Thatway...thatshinethrough.”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C符合语境，C项中的“They”与空前的“Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同时和下文“Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself－confidenceatanytime.”中的“this”一致。【关键点拨】1.段中细节句的解题关键所选择的句子在语义上一定要和相关的意群(段落主旨)一致。2.段中过渡句的解题关键要读懂空格前后的句子，然后根据意思的连贯性和逻辑性进一步确认答案。段尾设空题【典例3】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia，I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately，thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember，though，whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.36.Don’t__throw__away__your__beginner__art.You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes，portraits，orlandscapes，paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.__37__A.Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks，andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand，ifneeded，redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.自主解答：G【图解技巧】【实战应用】分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paintoftenandpaintfromlife...paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.”是对前文的总结。【关键点拨】1.段尾总结句的解题关键一要注意空格前的一句或两句；二要注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的信号词，如inaword，thus，inshort，therefore，asaresult等词语；三要注意与前文的逻辑关系，找到关键的线索词。2.段间过渡句的解题关键要瞻前顾后找启示，正确答案应该衔接下一段内容，起承上启下的作用。解题提示：解题时请关注设空位置，利用设空位置解题。(2023·淄博统考一模)TipsonPreventingaSports－RelatedInjuryPlayingsportsisagreatwaytoexercise,andthatdoesn’thavetostoponceyou’reanadult.__1__Butwhenwe’reactive,wealsoincreasethechanceofgettinginjuries.Theseinjuriesarepainfulandoftenrequiremissinggamesandpracticestogiveyourbodytheproperrestandcareneededtorecover.Unfortunately,apreviousinjuryisoneofthemostsignificantpredictorsofafutureinjury.__2__Herearesomeinjurypreventiontips：__3__Talkwithyourdoctoraboutanypastsportsinjuriesduringyournextcheckuporbeforethenextseasonstarts.Yourdoctorcanrecommendcorrectiveexercisestohelpyoubemoreresistanttoafutureinjury.Beawareoftheenvironmentandfieldconditions.Environmentdoesn’tjustmeantheweather,althoughthatisimportant,butalsohowsafelyteammatesandtheopponentsareplaying.__4__Iceorwetspotsorholescansetthestageforafallandresultinaninjury.Watchforathleticsportsmanship.Whenathletesdon’tplaybytherulesorplaytooaggressively,aninjuryismorelikelytooccur.Watchtoensureofficialsandmembersoftheotherteamdemonstrateagoodunderstandingoffairplay.Recognizeaninjury.Despiteourbestefforts,aninjurycanhappen.__5__Takeyourselfoutofthegameandhavetheinjuryassessedsoitdoesn’tgetworse.Beforegoingbackintothegame,giveyourselftimetohealcompletelyanddevelopastrategytopreventtheinjuryfromhappeningagain.Bytakingthesesmartstepstoavoid(andifnecessary,address)injuries,youcansetthestageforalife－long,healthyloveofsports.A.Assesspotentialinjuries.B.Arrangeforanathleticscreening.C.Sportingactivitiesmayresultinanytypeofinjury.D.Sportsisanidealwaytosocializeandmaintainfitness.E.Also,checkoutthefieldorcourtwhereyou’replaying.F.Ifitdoes,it’sveryimportanttoaddressitimmediately.G.That’swhyinjuryprevention—notjusttreatmentorrecovery—iskey.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主要介绍了如何预防运动损伤的几点建议。1.D[根据空前的“Playingsportsisagreatway...onceyou’reanadult.”可知，运动是很好的锻炼方式，而空后“Butwhenwe’reactive,wealsoincreasethechanceofgettinginjuries.”中的But表明，此空与下文内容为转折关系，D选项讲述的是锻炼是社交和保持健康的理想方式，符合题意。]2.G[根据空格所处的位置可知，此处应对该段进行总结，根据空前的“Unfortunately...ofafutureinjury.”可知，旧伤可能是未来受伤的一个重要的预测因素之一，由此可知，此空对上文内容做进一步的陈述，G选项“That’swhyinjuryprevention—notjusttreatmentorrecovery—iskey”中的治疗或恢复与空前内容一致，引出下文。]3.B[分析语篇特点可知，此空为该段主旨句，与其他段落的主旨句均应为祈使句。根据空后的“Talkwithyourdoctorabout...beforethenextseasonstarts.”可知，此处涉及的是检查过去的运动损伤时的内容，B选项概括本段，可以作为主旨句。]4.E[根据主旨句“Beawareoftheenvironmentandfieldconditions.”可知，该段讲述的与运动环境和场地有关系，E选项“Also,checkoutthefieldorcourtwhereyou’replaying.”讲述的内容与查看运动场地有关，与本段主题吻合。]5.F[根据该段主旨句“Recognizeaninjury.”可知，该段讲述的是受伤后要辨别一下受伤情况，结合空前的“Despiteourbestefforts,aninjurycanhappen.”可知，该空讲述的应为万一受伤应如何处理，F选项“Ifitdoes,it’sveryimportanttoaddressitimmediately.”中的Ifitdoes与空前内容承接自然。](2023·宿州统考一模)Nomatterwhereyougo,you’llnoticesomethingstrangeabouttrees—thefactthattheirbottomsarepaintedwhite.Generallyspeaking,thepurposeofwhitewashingistoprotecttreesfromheatandinsects.__1__.Let’scheckthemout!BlockingthesunYoumightsometimesnoticethatsometreetrunks’surfacesgetdryandcrackeasily.__2__.Simplyput,theyareexposedtotheburningsunandthetemperatureschangewildlybetweendayandnight.Fortunately,paintingatree’strunkwhiteissimilartoaddingsunscreen,whichhelpsblockthesun.Heatprotection__3__.Whitepaintreflectstheheatandallowstreestospendmoretimeontranspiration(蒸腾作用)andgrowingtheirfruits.Additionally,whentreesarecooler,theyhavelessstress,whichmakestheirstomata(气孔)stayopenabitlongerfortheexchangeofgases.DefendingagainstpestsMoreoftenthannot,atree’ssurfacewillcrack,allowinginsectstocreepinside.__4__.Therefore,peoplewhitewashtreesusinglatexpaintandwater,whichpreventsinsectsfromclimbinguptreesandenteringinsidethroughthecracks.__5__Lastbutnotleast,thesurfaceoftreesispaintedwhitetomakethemmorevisible,specificallyforthoseonthesideoftheroad.Whyisthatimportant?Becauseaccidentsinvolvingtreesareextremelycommon,especiallyduringthenight,whendriverscannotseethemmuchmoreclearly.A.StoppingaccidentsB.ImprovingvisibilityC.WhitewashingisagoodwaytosolvetheproblemD.ThecauseofthisphenomenonhasalreadybeenfoundE.WhitewashinghelpsyoungtreesremaincoolinspringF.However,there’remanyotherreasonsforwhitewashingtreesG.Bacteriawillfeedonthetree’sinnerparts,eventuallykillingit【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要解释了树木的底部被粉刷成白色的原因。1.F[根据上文“Nomatterwhereyougo...toprotecttreesfromheatandinsects.”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出粉刷树木还有其他原因。F选项符合语境。]2.D[根据上文“Youmightsometimesnoticethat...andcrackeasily.”以及后文“Simplyput...whichhelpsblockthesun.”可知，后文主要分析了树干开裂的原因。故D选项“这种现象的原因已经找到了”符合语境。]3.E[根据后文“Whitepaintreflectstheheat...fortheexchangeofgases.”可知，后文提到白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间进行蒸腾作用和生长果实，即可以让树木保持凉爽。故E选项“刷白可以帮助小树在春天保持凉爽”符合语境。]4.G[根据上文“Moreoftenthannot...tocreepinside.”以及后文“Therefore,peoplewhitewashtrees...throughthecracks.”可知，本句是在说明昆虫爬进去的后果。故G选项“细菌会以树的内部为食，最终杀死树”符合语境，故选G。]5.B[根据本段内容可知，本段的主旨是树木被粉刷成白色可以提高司机的能见度。故B选项“提高能见度”符合语境。]第三招依据词汇线索，妙解七选五阅读解答词汇线索类试题经常用到的方法有词汇复现法和代词指代法。词汇复现常有四种形式：原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现、词汇同现(即同一词汇范畴或某一类别的词汇反复出现)。代词指代主要是指代前面提及的名词、名词短语或句子概念。词汇复现法【典例1】(2022·全国乙卷)·Moreisn’talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.__37__.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication，suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind自主解答：E【图解技巧】【实战应用】空前提到“确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效”，再根据空后介绍的具体的交流方式可推出答案。E项中的methods原词复现是解题提示，同时communication与前后文的communicated和communication相呼应。【关键点拨】1.词汇复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，通过寻找复现词汇可迅速确定答案。2.词汇复现并不一定是词汇的简单重复，有时会以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式出现。在做题时，要特别注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词。代词指代法【典例2】(2023·全国甲卷)TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPersonHere’sariddle：Whatdotrafficjams，longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon？There’soneanswer：36.They’re__all__situations__where__we__could__use__a__little__extra__patience.IntheDigitalAge，we’reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However，researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience，we’dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.·Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits：Researchshowsitmakesushappier，lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.__37__.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself－control，”saidYeLi，researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable，notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience自主解答：E【图解技巧】【实战应用】根据上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits...evenmoreoptimistic.”以及后文“‘Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself－control，’saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。【关键点拨】代词的使用主要是为了避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。使用代词指代法一定要注意两种情况：一是要特别关注选项中的代词，二是要特别关注空格后面句子中的代词。解题提示：解题时关注词汇复现和代词指代，利用词汇复现法和代词指代法解题。(2023·安庆统考二模)Familymealsareimportantandconnectfamilymembers.__1__Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutgoingtoschool,workandmore.Studieshaveshownfamilymealtimeincreasespositivesocialskills,schoolengagementanddecreasesthefrequencyofnegativebehaviors.__2__Tryingnewfoodornotrestrictingonfoodisencouraged.Childrenwhoengageinfamilymealtimearelesslikelytohaveeatingdisorders.Inaddition,thosewhosharefrequentfamilymealsaremorelikelytoeatalargernumberoffruitsandvegetablesandbelesspickyaboutfood.__3__Forexample,weneedtoconsiderthebudget,thetimeformealpreparation,theavailabilityofrecommendedfoodsorsupplements(补充物品)atatypicalgrocerystore.__4__Membersmayhavevariousculturalordietarypreferences.Inviewofthis,weshouldmakesurethattheeatingplanofferednutritionalvaluefordifferentcalorieandnutritionalneeds—forpeopleofdifferentages,differentactivitylevelsandhealthconditions.Healthyeatingshouldbeafamilyaffair,andsomerecommendeddietswillhelpyoureachthatgoalbyhighlightingeatingplansthataresafe,flexibleandnutritiousforeveryoneatthetable.Inaddition,thefoodsinthedietscanbepurchasedfresh,cannedorfrozen.__5__A.Theypreferjunkfoodlikehamburgers,friedchicken.B.Ateamofhealthexpertsthinkfamilymealsaredifficult.C.Theycangetpeopletorelaxandmaketheirrelationshipcloser.D.Italsooffersanopportunitytosethealthyeatinghabitsforkids.E.Thus,itisconvenientandeasyforfamiliestohavefamilymeals.F.Wealsoconsideredhowadaptablethisdietwouldbeforawholefamily.G.Weshouldhaveabalanceddietandpayattentiontowhatwehaveeveryday.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要阐述了家庭聚餐的意义及家庭聚餐应考虑的问题。1.C[前文“Familymealsareimportantandconnectfamilymembers.”讲述了家庭聚餐的重要性在于可以把家庭成员联系起来。因此空处承接前文，讲述家庭聚餐的意义。选项C中They指代前文的“Familymeals”，符合题意。]2.D[前文“Studieshaveshownfamilymealtimeincreases...thefrequencyofnegativebehaviors.”提到了家庭进餐时间的作用。因而空处承接前文，讲述家庭进餐时间的其他作用。选项D中It指代前文的“familymealtime”，承接前文，符合题意。]3.B[下文“Forexample,weneedtoconsiderthebudget...atatypicalgrocerystore.”通过事例列举出了家庭聚餐时，我们需要考虑的问题，因此作为段落主题句应该说，举办家庭聚餐是困难的。选项B切题。]4.F[前文“Forexample,weneedtoconsiderthebudget...atatypicalgrocerystore.”列举了在家庭聚餐时，我们需要考虑的问题。因此空处承接前文，讲述我们还应考虑饮食要满足家人的胃口。选项F切题。]5.E[前文“Inaddition,thefoodsinthedietscanbepurchasedfresh,cannedorfrozen.”说明准备的食物的来源，所以空处承接前文，讲述这样做可以为家庭聚餐带来方便。选项E切题。](2023·合肥模拟预测)Nomatterwhatdreamyouhaveandhowdisappointingitmightbeasyou’reworkingtowardthatdream,sticktoitandmakeitcometrue.Someofyoualreadyknowthatit’stough.It’shardtomakeadifference.__1__，whenyouareintheprocessofachievingdreams.Therewillbeplentyofopportunityforself－doubt,whenyouaregoingtodoubtyourself.You’llsay,“Why?Whyisthishappeningtome？”Forthoseofyouwhohaveexperiencedsomehardships,don’tgiveuponyourdreams.__2__，buttheywillnotstay,theywillcometopass.Manyofyoufailtoseekyourpurposeinlife.Youdreamandthenfollowitupwithalistofallthereasonswhythedreamisunachievable.__3__.Thingslikethesearethetruelimitsyouexperienceinlifeandtheyarewhatyoucreateorwhatyouallowotherstolayuponyou.__4__.Actingonthedreamisharder.Recognizethatadreamisajourney.Onthesimplestlevel,ittakescommitment,timeandcourage.Butrarelyissomethinggreateasilyrealized.Dreamingisrecognizingthepotentialforgreatnessandseekingitinallareasofyourlife.Believeinyourdreamsandyourabilitytoaccomplishthem.I’mheretochallengeyoutoreachforyourdreams.Donotbeafraidtodream.__5__！A.DreamingistheeasypartB.YourdreamsneverwalkawayC.Dreambig,fighthardandwinD.TheroughtimesaregoingtocomeE.YoumustspendmoretimeachievingitF.YoufeeldeterminedandproduceexcusestosupportthebeliefG.Abreezeofopportunity,alongwithpleasure,pain,orboth,willblowin【语篇解读】本文是议论文。本文主要论述了“要勇于心怀梦想，并努力实现梦想”这一主题。1.G[根据空前的“Someofyoualreadyknow...tomakeadifference.”可知，有人已经知道了实现梦想、有所作为的困难；据此可以判断，空处具体介绍实现梦想的困难与机遇。G项符合语境。]2.D[根据空后的“buttheywillnotstay,theywillcometopass.”可知，但是，这些困难终将过去；据此可以判断，空处陈述的是与此相反的情况，即会有困难时刻。D项符合语境。]3.F[根据空前的“Youdreamandthenfollowitup...whythedreamisunachievable.”可知，你把自己无法实现梦想的原因列成了一个清单。F项符合语境。]4.A[根据空处后一句“Actingonthedreamisharder”可知，努力实现梦想更难，空处与该句形成对比。据此可知，空处表示设定梦想是容易的，A项符合语境。]5.C[根据空处前一句“Donotbeafraidtodream.”可知，不要畏惧梦想。据此可以判断，空处应进一步表示要敢想敢干，C项总结上文，符合语境。]第四招分析逻辑关系，速解七选五阅读一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。英语行文离不开逻辑关系，一篇没有逻辑的文章只能是一盘散沙。逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系、递进关系、转折关系、例证关系、因果关系、解释关系和总分关系等。并列关系空格前后句之间是否含有并列的逻辑关系，可以通过表示并列关系的标志词语来判断，如and，first(ly)，second(ly)，then/next,tobeginwith，foronething，foranotherthing,finally/last等。【典例1】(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner”.Onereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym，”whileanotherread：“__36__”Withaworkoutpartner，youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?自主解答：C【实战应用】根据前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled‘FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner’.Onereasonwas：‘You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym’”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。第一个理由是“You’ll...if...”的结构，根据句式一致原则，可优先看选项C。递进关系递进关系是前后句之间常见的逻辑关系。有时可以通过表示递进关系的标志词语来判断，如even,also,besides,inaddition,notonly...but(also)...,furthermore,additionally，plus，moreover，what’smore等。【典例2】(2023·全国乙卷)Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch，butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.__36__，butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情)，reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore，indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead，theygrowbetterinside，whereitiswarmer自主解答：B【实战应用】根据下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成notonly...but...“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful符合语境。转折关系如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折关系的句子。表示转折关系的连接词(组)有：however，instead，but，nevertheless，nonetheless，though，yet，onthecontrary，bycontrast，bycomparison，conversely，otherwise等。【典例3】(2022·全国乙卷)·Don’trelyontechnologyalone__40__，butlong－distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface－to－facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.C.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind自主解答：F【实战应用】空后表示“长距离友谊，即使是亲密的朋友之间，也可能需要更有意识的努力来维持”，又根据空后的转折连词but可知，空处内容应与空后内容形成转折。例证关系前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳和推理。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：like，suchas，f