Unit5IntotheUnknownStartingoutUnderstandingideas课件高二英语选择性

Understandingideas

Unit5Intotheunknown

Learningaims1.TounderstandthebrilliantachievementsofMayacivilization,andfindoutthepossiblereasonsforthedeclineanddisappearanceofMayacivilization;2.Toperceivethelanguagecharacteristicsofthetext,andgraspthestructureandcontextofthetext;3.Tocultivatetruth-seekingspiritandawarenessofprotectingmoderncivilization.Leading-inFourancientcivilisationsareuniversallyknownbytheworld,suchasAncientIndia,AncientBabylon,AncientEgyptandAncientChina.Leading-inBesides,AncientGreeceandAncient

Romanplayanimportantpartonancientcivilisations.Whatotherancientcivilisationsdoyouknowof?Lookthepicturesandanswerthequestions.1.Whatdoyouknowabouttheseancientcivilizations?Theywereverypopularbeforetheancientcivilizationssuddenlydisappeared.2.Whatmightbethereasonsbehindtheircollapse?Thedestructionofmankindmightbethereasonsbehindtheircollapse.

ReadthepassageandfindoutthepossiblereasonsforthedisappearanceofMayacivilisation.

ThewaythattheMayapeoplechangedthelandscapearoundthemmayhavebeenoneofthereasonsbehindthedisappearanceoftheircivilisation.Turningwetlandsintofieldsforgrowinggrains,digginghugecanalsystemsandcuttingdownmoretreesforconstructionreducedtheirabilitytocopewithnaturaldiasters.Whenthosenaturaldisasters,suchasdroughts,struck,theMayawouldhavefacedfoodshortages,conflictsandeventually,thedownfalloftheircities.While-readingTask1Choosethetopicsentencesandwritethembacktothepassage.aMayacivilisationhasbeensurroundedbymysterysinceitsrediscoveryinthe19thcentury.bButthegreatestmysteryofalliswhatcausedtheMayatoabandonmostoftheirgreatcities.cAlthoughhistheoryhasbeendismissedbyscholars,itshowshowpowerfulthesecretsofAncientMayacivilisationareamongpeople.dResearchalsosuggeststhatthosenaturaldisastersmayhaveledtothedeclineoftheMaya.eMeanwhile,theriseandfallofthiscivilisationmustalsoleaveusthinkingaboutourownpast,presentandfuture.fSomeresearchseemstoindicatethattheMayapeoplethemselvesmayhaveplayedapartintheirdownfall.

231564TheMysteriesoftheMayaTask2Para.1:IntroducethetopicPara.2:the____________ofMayacivilisationPara.3:the__________ofMayacivilisationPara.4-5:The_______forthedisappearanceofMayaCivilisationPara.4:________causesPara.5:________causesPara.6:themysteriesofMayaCivilisationremaintobe_______achievementsdeclinereasonshumannaturalsolvedTask3MAYACIVILISATIONTimeOrganiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethefileofMayacivilisation.LocationPossiblereasonsforcollapsearound1800BCto1100ADfrom________to_________________1.humancauses-reducedtheabilitytodealwith__________________

____________________________________________________________hugeexpansionofthe____________2.naturalcauses-aseriesof__________between700AD,each______________________________MexicoCentralAmericanaturaldisastersturningwetlandsintofieldsdigginghugecanalsystemspopulationdroughtslastingforacoupleofyearsWhatistheauthor’spurposeinstartingthepassagewiththestoryaboutWilliamGadoury?

TointroduceMayacivilisation.Toamusethereaders.ToemphasizetheimportanceofMayacivilisation.ToinformusthelocationoftheMayacity.Task4Whatcan’tweinferfromthepassage?

Mayacivilisationmadeadifferencetoourmodernsociety.BothhumancausesandnaturalcausesledtoMayacivilisationdisappearing.Peoplestillcan’tsolvethemysteryofMayacivilisation.By700B.C.,theMayacivilisationwasatitspeak.Think&Share1.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinstartingthepassagewiththestoryaboutWilliamGadoury?Inordertointroducethetopicofthepassage,theauthorpresentsthestoryshowshowthesecretsofAncientMayacivilizationhavecapturedpeople’simagination.

Think&Share2.WhatlessonscanyoulearnfromthecollapseofMayacivilization?Howcanthisinformationhelpthedevelopmentoftoday’ssociety?Humanbeingsshouldrespectnatureandnotviolatethelawofitsdevelopment.Ontheonehand,wefollowthenaturallawandbelieveinthesurvivalofthefittest,Ontheotherhand,weshouldactivelytransformtheworldaroundusandbravelyfightagianstkindsofdisastersaspossibleaswecan.ThinkandShareWhatotherthingsdoyouthinkcoulddestroyacivilisation?Shareanexamplewiththeclass.WhatlessonscanyoulearnfromthecollapseofMayacivilisation?Howcanthisinformationhelpthedevelopmentoftoday’ssociety?Whichoftheargumentsinthepassagedidyoufindthemostconvincing?Giveyourreasons.1.buryv.将……埋在下面；埋藏；覆盖；遮盖；掩盖(2024･广东省龙川一中高二检测)Asthenumberofcattlegrows,theirwasteincreases,leadingtoanenormouspopulationoffliesandaworseningenvironment.Dungbeetles,however,takethewasteandburyit.随着牛的数量增加，它们的排泄物也会增加，导致大量苍蝇和不断恶化的环境。Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.当她听到那个坏消息时，她双手掩面哭泣。Thesecretofahappylifeisn'tburiedinatreasurechest.Itlieswithinyourheart.幸福人生的秘密并非藏在财宝箱里，而是在你的心里。【知识拓展】beburiedin＝buryoneselfin埋头于；专心于beburiedinthought沉思【即学即练】单句语法填空(1)Eversincegraduation,shehasbeenburied

herresearchwork.(2)Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishands

(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.【温馨提示】

表示“专心于”的短语还有：①bedevotedto

②beabsorbedin③beaddictedto ④belostin⑤focuson ⑥concentrateon⑦beoccupiedwith ⑧fixone'sattentiononburiedin2.apply

vi.申请vt.&vi.适用，应用于(2023•全国甲卷)You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice，themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother，moreannoyingsituations.很快你就会发现，你越有耐心，你越能把耐心应用到其他更令人生气的情形中去。I’d

appliedtobecomeavolunteerattheParis2024OlympicGames.我已经申请在2024年巴黎奥运会上做一名志愿者。(2024•新高考Ⅰ卷)Thelatestengineeringtechniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotectivefunctionalstructurethatisalsobeautiful.最新的工程技术被应用于创造这个既美观又具有保护功能的结构。

【知识拓展】(1)apply(tosb.)forsth.

(向某人)申请某事物

apply...to...把……应用于……applytosb./sth.

适用于/运用于某人/某物applyoneselfto(doing)sth.集中精力于(做)某事，专注于(做)某事applytodosth.

申请做某事(2)applicationn.请求；申请；申请表；应用

applicantn.申请人【即学即练】单句语法填空(1)(2023•全国乙卷)Therehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplying

foodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.(2)Applyyourselfto

(study),andyouwillperformwellintheexam.(3)Anyapplicantwhowouldlike

tobecomeanassistantinourcompanyshouldsendusan

beforeDecember.(apply)studyingfortoapplyapplication3.ruinn.[C]残垣断壁，废墟；[U]毁坏；破灭

v.毁坏，破坏；毁灭，使破产(教材原句)Itsonce­greatcitiesfellintoruin,leavingvariousmysteriesforlaterpeopletosolve.曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。Thismistakeruinedhischancesofgettingthejob.这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。Thenewsmeanttheruinofallourhopes.这消息使我们的一切希望都破灭了.【知识拓展】(1)inruins

严重受损，破败不堪fallintoruin

衰落，败落(2)ruinone'shealth/fame/future

毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途【即学即练】单句语法填空(1)TheearthquakeinTangshancausedgreatdamage,leavingthecity

ruins.(2)Shewentthroughaperiodofemotionaladjustmentafterhercompanyfell

ruinandshefinallydecidedtofindanewjob.(3)WevisitedtheruinsoftheSummerPalacelastwinter,which

(ruin)byforeigninvaders.inwasruinedinto4.abandonv.离弃，逃离(2022•全国乙卷)Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.你的朋友可能会感到被抛弃了，处于新环境的人应该对这一点感同身受。Theprojecthadtobeabandonedduetoalackofmoney.这项工程由于缺乏资金而不得不被放弃。MyteacheralwaysremindsmethatundernocircumstancesshouldIabandonmylearninggoalsonceIsetthem.我的老师总是提醒我，在任何情况下，我都不应该放弃我已设定的学习目标。【知识拓展】(1)abandondoingsth.放弃做某事abandononeselftodoingsth.

沉湎于做某事；放纵(感情)于做某事(2)withabandon

纵情；放任地(3)abandonedadj.

抛弃了的；废弃的；放纵的【即学即练】单句语法填空(1)Thenewmoviedirectedissetinan

(abandon)factory.(2)Theyabandoned

(carry)outtheplanbecausetheywereshortofhand.abandonedcarrrying5.intriguev.(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心(教材原句)IntriguedbyMayacivilisationfromaveryyoungage，15-year-oldCanadianWilliamGadourythoughthehadmadeanincrediblediscoveryfromhisstudyofancientstarcharts.15岁的加拿大男孩威廉·甘德瑞从很小的时候就对玛雅文明着迷，他认为自己在研究古代星象图时得到了一个不可思议的发现。Whathewroteinthebookintriguedme.他在这本书中写的东西引起了我的兴趣。Attheageof10,hebecameintriguedbythemusicalinstrument.在他10岁的时候，他对这种乐器产生了兴趣。【知识拓展】1.intrigueagainst...反对……的阴谋探究2.intriguingadj.令人非常感兴趣的；迷人的要点3.intriguedadj.感兴趣的；着迷的become/getintriguedby被……迷住beintriguedtodosth.有兴趣做某事【即学即练】单句语法填空1.

___________(intrigue)bythebookwrittenbyJaneGoodall,Rosewasdeterminedtostudythewildanimals.2.Paintingis_____________(intrigue),soyoucanaskyourdaughtertostudyit.3.Ifyoursonisintrigued____________chess,youcanallowhimtoplayit.4.Tomisintrigued___________(know)howtheuniversecameintobeinglonglongago.Intriguedintriguingbytoknow6.correspondto与……相符；相当于（教材原句）Throughcomparison,hefoundthatthelocationsofthe117knownMayacitiescorrespond

tothepositionsofthestars.通过比较，他发现117个已知玛雅城市的位置与星星的位置相对应。【知识拓展】correspondto与……相符；相当于correspondwith与……通信；与……相符incorrespondencewith与……通信；与……一致1.Thegillsofafishcorrespondtoourlungs.鱼的鳃相当于我们的肺。2.Doyouevercorrespondwithyouroverseasfriends?你和你国外的朋友通过信吗？3.Thesegoodsdon’tcorrespondwith/tothelistofthoseIordered.这些货物与我的订货单不相符。4.Ihavebeenincorrespondencewithhisprivateconsultantabouttheproblem.关于这问题，我和他的私人顾问一直书信往来。【即学即练】单句语法填空1.Thewrittenrecordoftheconversationdoesn’tcorrespond_______whatwasactuallysaid.2.Theyhavebeenin_________________(correspond)witheachothersincetheyleftuniversity.3.Inthepast,itwasdifficulttocorrespond_______ourrelatives.to/with

correspondencewith1.leave＋宾语＋宾补(教材原句)Thecitieswerelefttobetakenbackbythejungle.城市荒废，任凭丛林蚕食取代。(教材原句)Meanwhile,theriseandfallofthiscivilisationmustalsoleaveusthinkingaboutourownpast,presentandfuture.与此同时，这一文明的兴衰也必须让我们思考自己的过去、现在和未来。以上两句中都使用了“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构，该结构意为“使/让……继续处于某种状态、某地等”。Don'tleavethecomputeronwhenyougoout.

你出去的时候别让计算机一直开着。Thebadweatherlefttheprojecthalffinished.糟糕的天气使工程只完成了一半。【知识拓展】leave的常见结构：(1)leave＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语(2)leave＋宾语＋现在分词(其中宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的主谓关系)(3)leave＋宾语＋过去分词(其中宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的动宾关系)(4)leave＋宾语＋动词不定式(其中动词不定式表示将来的动作)【即学即练】单句语法填空(1)Don'tleavethewater

(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.(2)Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfast

(touch).(3)Hehasgrownup,soyou'dbetterleavehim

(solve)theproblembyhimself.tosolverunninguntouched2.whatever引导让步状语从句(教材原句)Whateverthereasons,Mayacivilisationlargelydisappearedwithinthedeepjungle.无论原因是什么，玛雅文明几乎消失在了丛林深处。whatever引导让步状语从句，其含义相当于nomatterwhat，意为“不管、无论”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。whatever引导的让步状语从句中可省略系动词。Whateverproblemhemeetswith,henevergivesup.无论遇到什么问题，他从不放弃。(2022•新高考Ⅱ卷)Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatever

theyweredoing.无论他们在做什么，他总是尽自己最大的能力参与其中。(2023•新高考Ⅰ卷)Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.不管犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的方面。【知识拓展】(1)whatever、whoever、whichever、whomever可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句时，相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。(2)whenever、wherever、however引导让步状语从句时，相当于nomatterwhen/where/how。【即学即练】完成句子(1)无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有影响。

willnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements.(2)无论你今后做什么，你都要遵守规则。

,

youmustobeytherules.WhatevershesaysWhatever/Nomatterwhatyoudointhefuture1.representrepresentative2.astronomyastronomer3.remainremaining4.deaddeadly5.discoverdiscovery6.mysterymysteriousmysteriously7.technologytechnologicaltechnologically认知词汇拓展词汇intrigueextendaccuratecomplicatedinterpretincredibledeclinelandscapeprimitivedroughtdownfall

Summary应用词汇1.bury:beburiedin＝buryoneselfin;beburiedinthought2.apply:apply(tosb.)forsth.;apply...to...;applytosb./sth.;applyoneselfto(doing)sth.;applytodosth.;application;applicant3.ruin:inruins;fallintoruin;ruinone'shealth/fame/future核心短语1.makeanincrediblediscovery2.throughcomparison3.correspondto4.apply...to...5.ontopof...6.atone'speak7.naturaldisasters8.farfewer9.fallintoruin10.claimriches1.leave＋宾语＋宾补(1)(教材原句)Thecitieswerelefttobetakenbackbythejungle.(2)(教材原句)Meanwhile,theriseandfallofthiscivilisationmustalsoleaveusthinkingaboutourownpast,presentandfuture.2.whatever引导让步状语从句(教材原句)Whateverthereasons,Mayacivilisationlargelydisappearedwithinthedeepjungle.重点句式Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Airattacksforcedthevillagersto

(离弃)theirhomes.2．Thefirespreadsoquicklythatthebuildinglayin

(废墟)innotime.3．Hewassoirresponsiblethatthemanagerdecidedto

(开除)him.4．IpreferthetouralongtheYangtzeRiver,thelongestriverinChinaandoneofthemotherriversofChinese

(文明)．5．Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,

(将……埋在下面)herheadinthebookinherhands.6.Chinesecitizensaretohavetheirfingerprintsrecordedwhen

(申请)fororchangingtheiridentitycards.课时重点回顾abandonburyingruinsdismisscivilisationapplyingⅡ.单句语法填空1．Theoldladywasso