初中英语语法200题-动词不定式语法讲解+选择100+填空50+英语动词不定式详解及考点分析

初中英语语法精选200题-动词不定式（语法讲解+选择100+填空50+英语动词不定式详解及考点分析一、动词不定式的概念动词不定式是动词的非谓语形式之一，由“to+动词原形”构成（如todo,toeat），但在某些情况下需省略to（如使役动词、感官动词后）。它兼具动词和名词的特性，可表示动作的目的、结果或潜在可能性。二、动词不定式的细分类型带to的不定式最常见形式，用于大多数情况（如：wanttogo,decidetostudy）。不带to的不定式（BareInfinitive）例：Shelethim

leave.（使役动词）例：Isawhim

run.（感官动词）用于情态动词（can,may,must）、使役动词（let,make,have）及感官动词（see,hear,watch）后。不定式的时态与语态一般式：todo（表示与谓语同时或之后发生）。进行式：tobedoing（强调动作进行中）。完成式：tohavedone（动作先于谓语完成）。完成进行式：tohavebeendoing（动作持续到某一时间点）。被动语态：tobedone（一般被动）；tohavebeendone（完成被动）。三、动词不定式的句法功能功能示例说明主语Tolearnisimportant.常用形式主语it：It'simportanttolearn.宾语Shewantstogo.接在及物动词后表语Hisdreamistofly.说明主语内容定语Ihavehomeworktofinish.修饰名词，表“需要做”状语Hecametohelp.（目的）表目的、结果或原因补足语Theyaskedhimtostay.补充说明宾语的动作四、核心知识点与难点带to与不带to的区分例：Shemadehim

cry.（被动需恢复to：Hewasmade

tocry.）必须省略to：使役动词（make,let,have）、感官动词（see,hear）后。必须带to：多数动词后（agreetodo,plantodo）。不定式的时态与语态例：Thebookissaid

tobetranslated.（书被翻译）例：Heseems

tohaveknown

thetruth.（已知真相在“似乎”之前）完成式：表示动作先于谓语。被动语态：当逻辑主语是动作承受者时。否定形式not置于to前：decide

nottogo（非tonotgo）。疑问词+不定式例：Idon’tknow

howtosolve

it.结构：how/what/when+todo。特殊动词搭配接不定式的动词：agree,decide,hope,refuse等。接省略to的动词：let,make,help（可带可不带）。五、中高考高频考点与题型单项选择例：Shewasseen___theroom.(A.leaveB.toleaveC.left)→答案：B（被动需to）。考点：带to与否、时态、语态。完形填空例：Hepretended___(read)thebook.→答案：tobereading（进行式表当时动作）。根据上下文选择正确的不定式形式。句子改错例：Imadehimtocleantheroom.→去掉to。修正to的误用或时态错误。翻译与写作例：为了通过考试，他每天学习。→Hestudieseveryday

topass

theexam.使用不定式表达目的或复杂结构。完成句子例：It’simportant___(保护环境).→toprotecttheenvironment.补全不定式结构。六、常见错误与解决方法错误1：使役动词后误加to。纠正：记住make/let/have+动词原形。错误2：不定式时态混淆（如该用完成式却用一般式）。策略：通过时间状语判断动作先后。错误3：疑问词+不定式结构错误（如用if代替whether）。规则：whether可与不定式连用，if不能。七、备考建议分类记忆动词：整理接不定式的动词（如agreetodo）和接省略to的动词（如letsbdo）。时态对比练习：区分一般式、完成式在不同语境中的应用。真题训练：针对历年考题强化薄弱点，如被动语态和完成式的结合。动词不定式总结一、动词不定式“带to”与“不带to”场景分类表类型场景描述动词/结构示例例句注意事项不带to的不定式1.情态动词后情态动词后直接接动词原形（无to）。can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,wouldYou

mustfinish

yourhomework.情态动词无第三人称单数形式（如Hecango）。2.使役动词后使役动词后接宾语+动词原形（无to）。let,make,haveShe

lethimgo.

They

madeuswait.被动语态中需恢复to：He

wasmadetowait.3.感官动词后感官动词后接宾语+动词原形（无to），表示动作全过程；接现在分词表动作进行。see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feelI

sawhimcross

thestreet.

I

heardhersinging.被动语态中需恢复to：He

wasseentocross

thestreet.4.固定短语某些固定短语后接动词原形（无to）。hadbetter,wouldrather,whynot,cannotbutYou

hadbetterstay

here.

Whynottry

again?“whynot”直接接动词原形，表建议。5.介词后例外介词but/except前有实义动词do时，后接动词原形（无to）。donothingbut,doanythingexceptHe

didnothingbutcomplain.

She

candoeverythingexceptcook.若but/except前无do，则需加to：

Hehasnochoice

buttoobey.带to的不定式1.一般动词后大多数动词后需接带to的不定式作宾语。want,decide,hope,agree,refuse,plan,promise,manage,afford,pretendShe

wantstogo

home.

He

decidedtostudy

abroad.需熟记接不定式的动词列表。2.形容词后形容词+todo结构，表示情感或评价。happy,sad,easy,difficult,important,necessaryIt’s

easytomake

mistakes.

I’m

happytohelp

you.常用形式主语it：It’simportanttolearn.3.名词后不定式作定语修饰名词，表示“需要做某事”。somethingtoeat,timetogo,waytosolveIhave

homeworktofinish.

Thisisthe

bestwaytolearn.不定式与被修饰名词有动宾关系（如abooktoread）。4.目的状语不定式作目的状语，可替换为inorderto/soasto。to+动词原形Hecame

tohelp.

Topass

theexam,hestudiedhard.soasto不用于句首：Inorderto

savetime,wetookataxi.5.疑问词后疑问词（what/how/when/where等）+不定式，作宾语或主语。whattodo,howtosolve,whentoleaveIdon’tknow

whattosay.

Howtofix

itisaproblem.whether可与不定式连用，if不可：

Shewondered

whethertogo.6.被动语态不定式的被动形式（tobedone/tohavebeendone）。tobe+过去分词Thebookissaid

tobetranslated.

Heseems

tohavebeentold.根据语境判断用一般式或完成式。混合场景help的用法help后可接带to或不带to的不定式（美式英语常省略to）。help(to)doShe

helpedme(to)carry

thebox.考试中两种形式均正确，但需根据题干提示选择。hadbetter固定短语后接动词原形（无to），否定式为hadbetternotdo。hadbetterYou

hadbetternotbe

late.无过去式（不能说Hehadbetteredgo）。不定式省略为避免重复，可省略动词保留to。上下文明确时省略动词—Doyouwanttogo?—I’dlove

to.常见于口语和简略回答。高频考点总结被动语态中to的恢复：使役动词/感官动词被动语态中需补to（如Hewasmade

to

apologize）。固定短语的to省略：hadbetter,wouldrather,whynot后直接接动词原形。but/except的用法：前有do则无to，否则需加to（如donothingbut

go

vs.nochoicebut

togo）。help的灵活性：带to或不带to均正确，需根据题目选项判断。易错点提醒使役动词被动语态：主动语态中无to，被动语态中必须加to（✗Hewasmade

clean

→✓Hewasmade

toclean）。感官动词后接不定式与分词：不定式表动作完成（seesb

do），分词表动作进行（seesb

doing）。否定形式：not放在to前（decide

nottogo，非tonotgo）。二、常用的接不定式（todo）的动词表序号动词中文释义例句（不定式用法）1afford负担得起Shecan’t

affordtobuy

anewcar.2agree同意They

agreedtohelp

us.3aim旨在He

aimstobecome

adoctor.4appear似乎She

appearstoknow

theanswer.5arrange安排We

arrangedtomeet

atthepark.6ask要求He

askedtoleave

early.7attempt试图They

attemptedtoclimb

themountain.8beg恳求She

beggedtostay.9begin开始It

begantorain.10care愿意Wouldyou

caretojoin

us?11choose选择He

chosetoremain

silent.12claim声称She

claimstohaveseen

aUFO.13consent同意They

consentedtosign

thecontract.14dare敢Doyou

daretojump?15decide决定We

decidedtogo

home.16demand要求He

demandedtospeak

tothemanager.17deserve值得You

deservetowin.18desire渴望She

desirestotravel

abroad.19determine决心He

determinedtofinish

theproject.20expect期待I

expecttoreceive

areplysoon.21fail未能He

failedtopass

theexam.22fear害怕She

fearedtoask

thequestion.23forget忘记（要做某事）Don’t

forgettolock

thedoor.24happen碰巧I

happenedtomeet

heryesterday.25hate讨厌She

hatestowake

upearly.26help帮助（可省to）He

helped(to)carry

theboxes.27hesitate犹豫Don’t

hesitatetocall

me.28hope希望We

hopetosee

yousoon.29intend打算She

intendstostudy

law.30learn学会He

learnedtoswim

atagefive.31like喜欢I

liketoread

novels.32long渴望She

longstovisit

Paris.33love热爱They

lovetodance.34manage设法He

managedtoescape.35mean打算I

meanttocall

youearlier.36need需要You

needtorest.37neglect忽视He

neglectedtopay

thebill.38offer主动提出She

offeredtohelp.39plan计划We

plantotravel

nextweek.40prepare准备They

preparedtoleave.41pretend假装He

pretendedtosleep.42promise承诺She

promisedtoreturn.43refuse拒绝He

refusedtoanswer.44regret遗憾（将做某事）I

regrettoinform

youthat…45remember记得（要做某事）Remembertoturn

offthelights.46seem似乎It

seemstobe

raining.47start开始She

startedtolaugh.48swear发誓He

sworetotell

thetruth.49tend倾向于Plants

tendtogrow

towardslight.50threaten威胁He

threatenedtoquit.51try尝试She

triedtoopen

thewindow.52volunteer自愿He

volunteeredtoclean

theroom.53wait等待They

waitedtosee

theresult.54want想要I

wanttoeat

sushi.55wish希望She

wishestotravel

theworld.56wouldlike想要I

wouldliketoorder

coffee.57yearn渴望He

yearnstoreturn

home.58struggle努力They

struggledtosurvive.59pledge保证They

pledgedtosupport

thecause.重点说明去重原则：合并重复动词（如“promise”仅保留一次），保留最常用例句。特殊用法标注：如

help

可省略to，需在教学中强调。高频覆盖：涵盖中高考核心词汇，如

afford,demand,manage,pretend

等。三、省略to的不定式动词表类别动词/结构中文释义例句特殊说明使役动词let让She

lethimborrow

herbook.主动语态中省略

tomake使He

mademelaugh.主动语态中省略

to；被动语态需加

to（Iwasmade

toapologize）have要求They

hadhimclean

theroom.表示“要求某人做某事”感官动词see看见I

sawhimenter

thebuilding.主动语态中省略

to；被动语态需加

to（Hewasseen

toleave）hear听见We

heardhersing

thesong.同上watch观看They

watchedthekidsplay.强调观察全过程notice注意到She

noticedhimtake

thekeys.同上observe观察He

observedthebirdfly

away.正式用法feel感觉I

feltthegroundshake.描述身体感知其他动词help帮助Canyou

helpme(to)fix

this?to

可省略（美式英语更常见省略）bid命令He

badethemleave

theroom.古旧用法，现代英语少用固定结构hadbetter最好You

hadbetterfinish

yourhomework.后接动词原形wouldrather宁愿I

wouldratherstay

home.表示偏好cannotbut不得不She

cannotbutagree.正式表达donothingbut只能He

didnothingbutcomplain.后接动词原形重点规则总结使役动词（let/make/have）：主动语态中宾语后的不定式省略

to，但被动语态需恢复

to（如：Hewasmade

towait）。感官动词（see/hear/watch等）：主动语态中接宾语和省略

to

的不定式，表示动作全过程；若用被动语态，需加

to（如：Shewasseen

toleave）。固定结构：hadbetter,

wouldrather,

cannotbut

等后直接接动词原形。特殊动词（help）：美式英语常省略

to（Helpme

do

this），英式英语可保留（Helpme

todo

this）。常见错误提醒❌

误：Shelethim

togo.

✅

正：Shelethim

go.❌

误：Iwasmade

apologize.

✅

正：Iwasmade

toapologize.真题一、选择题（1-100题）1.基础结构Shewants______adoctorwhenshegrowsup.

A.become

B.tobecome

C.becoming

D.becomesHedecided______hishomeworkfirst.

A.finish

B.tofinish

C.finishing

D.finishesTheyagreed______uswiththeproject.

A.help

B.tohelp

C.helping

D.helpsMymotheraskedme______thewindow.

A.close

B.toclose

C.closing

D.closesWehope______youagainnextweek.

A.see

B.tosee

C.seeing

D.sees2.不定式作宾语补足语Theteachertoldthestudents______quietly.

A.work

B.towork

C.working

D.worksMyparentsencouragedme______harder.

A.study

B.tostudy

C.studying

D.studiesSheremindedhim______thelightsbeforeleaving.

A.turnoff

B.toturnoff

C.turningoff

D.turnsoffThepolicewarnedpeople______nearthedangerousarea.

A.notgo

B.nottogo

C.don’tgo

D.tonotgoIinvitedmyfriend______tomybirthdayparty.

A.come

B.tocome

C.coming

D.comes3.省略to的不定式Letme______youcarrythebox.

A.help

B.tohelp

C.helping

D.helpsShemadeherbrother______thedishes.

A.wash

B.towash

C.washing

D.washesIheardhim______inthenextroom.

A.sing

B.tosing

C.singing

D.singsWewatchedthebirds______away.

A.fly

B.tofly

C.flying

D.fliesTheyhadtheworkers______thebuilding.

A.repair

B.torepair

C.repairing

D.repairs4.不定式的否定形式Hepromised______lateagain.

A.notbe

B.nottobe

C.tonotbe

D.don’tbeShedecided______herfriendaboutthesecret.

A.nottell

B.nottotell

C.tonottell

D.don’ttellThedoctoradvisedhim______smoking.

A.stop

B.tostop

C.nottostop

D.tonotstopTheywarnedus______thewetfloor.

A.nottouch

B.nottotouch

C.tonottouch

D.don’ttouchIforgot______thedoor,soit’sstillopen.

A.lock

B.tolock

C.locking

D.locks5.不定式作主语/表语______ismydream.

A.Travelaroundtheworld

B.Totravelaroundtheworld

C.Travelingaroundtheworld

D.TravelsaroundtheworldHisgoalis______afamousscientist.

A.become

B.tobecome

C.becoming

D.becomes______healthyfoodisimportant.

A.Eat

B.Toeat

C.Eating

D.EatsMywishis______youhappy.

A.make

B.tomake

C.making

D.makes______toomuchsugarisbadforyourteeth.

A.Eat

B.Toeat

C.Eating

D.Eats6.不定式作定语Ihavealotofhomework______tonight.

A.do

B.todo

C.doing

D.doesSheneedsapen______hername.

A.write

B.towrite

C.writing

D.writesHeislookingforaplace______.

A.live

B.tolive

C.living

D.livesThereisnothing______inthisroom.

A.eat

B.toeat

C.eating

D.eatsTheyhavenotime______games.

A.play

B.toplay

C.playing

D.plays7.不定式作状语（目的/结果）Hestudiedhard______passtheexam.

A.sothat

B.inorderto

C.for

D.becauseSheranfast______catchthebus.

A.sothat

B.inorderto

C.for

D.becauseTheboxistooheavy______.

A.carry

B.tocarry

C.carrying

D.carriesThequestioniseasy______.

A.answer

B.toanswer

C.answering

D.answersHeisoldenough______toschool.

A.go

B.togo

C.going

D.goes8.特殊动词搭配Ienjoy______novelsinmyfreetime.

A.read

B.toread

C.reading

D.readsShefinished______herhomeworkat9p.m.

A.do

B.todo

C.doing

D.doesHesuggested______apicnicthisweekend.

A.have

B.tohave

C.having

D.hasTheypractice______Englisheveryday.

A.speak

B.tospeak

C.speaking

D.speaksWouldyoumind______thewindow?

A.close

B.toclose

C.closing

D.closes9.不定式的时态与语态Sheseems______thenewsalready.

A.know

B.toknow

C.tohaveknown

D.knowingThebookissaid______intomanylanguages.

A.translate

B.totranslate

C.tobetranslated

D.translatingHepretended______asleepwhenIcamein.

A.be

B.tobe

C.tohavebeen

D.beingI’msorry______youwaitingforsolong.

A.keep

B.tokeep

C.tohavekept

D.keepingTheroomneeds______.

A.clean

B.toclean

C.cleaning

D.cleaned10.易错综合题Hewasmade______forthreehours.

A.wait

B.towait

C.waiting

D.waitsIsawthethief______intotheshop.

A.slip

B.toslip

C.slipping

D.slipsShehadherhair______yesterday.

A.cut

B.tocut

C.cutting

D.cutsWehavenochoicebut______.

A.obey

B.toobey

C.obeying

D.obeysWhynot______arest?

A.take

B.totake

C.taking

D.takes11.疑问词+不定式Canyouteachme______thismathproblem?

A.howsolve

B.howtosolve

C.howsolving

D.howsolvesIdon’tknow______next.

A.whatdo

B.whattodo

C.whatdoing

D.whatdoesSheexplained______themachine.

A.howuse

B.howtouse

C.howusing

D.howusesTheyarediscussing______themeeting.

A.whethercancel

B.whethertocancel

C.whethercanceling

D.whethercancelsHeasked______thenearesthospital.

A.wherefind

B.wheretofind

C.wherefinding

D.wherefinds12.不定式的被动形式Theflowersneed______everyday.

A.water

B.towater

C.watering

D.wateredTheletteris______byTomtomorrow.

A.write

B.towrite

C.tobewritten

D.writingTheproblemseems______soon.

A.solve

B.tosolve

C.tobesolved

D.solvingTheoldhouserequires______.

A.repair

B.torepair

C.repairing

D.repairedThetaskistoodifficult______inoneday.

A.finish

B.tofinish

C.tobefinished

D.finishing13.不定式的完成式Shepretended______theanswer.

A.know

B.toknow

C.tohaveknown

D.knowingI’msorry______yourbook.

A.lose

B.tolose

C.tohavelost

D.losingHeseems______thenewsalready.

A.hear

B.tohear

C.tohaveheard

D.hearingTheyarehappy______thegame.

A.win

B.towin

C.tohavewon

D.winningSheadmitted______thewindow.

A.break

B.tobreak

C.tohavebroken

D.breaking14.固定短语中的不定式I’mlookingforward______youagain.

A.see

B.tosee

C.seeing

D.toseeingHeused______late,butnowhegetsupearly.

A.sleep

B.tosleep

C.sleeping

D.sleepsSheisafraid______aloneatnight.

A.goout

B.togoout

C.goingout

D.goesoutWeareready______theexam.

A.take

B.totake

C.taking

D.takesHeistooyoung______acar.

A.drive

B.todrive

C.driving

D.drives15.不定式与动名词的区别Stop______andlistentome!

A.talk

B.totalk

C.talking

D.talksRemember______thedoorwhenyouleave.

A.lock

B.tolock

C.locking

D.locksI’llneverforget______theEiffelTowerforthefirsttime.

A.see

B.tosee

C.seeing

D.seesShetried______theheavybox,butitwastoodifficult.

A.lift

B.tolift

C.lifting

D.liftsTheteacherwenton______thenextchapter.

A.explain

B.toexplain

C.explaining

D.explains16.不定式在特定句型中的应用Itisimportant______enoughsleepeveryday.

A.get

B.toget

C.getting

D.getsIttookmeanhour______myhomework.

A.finish

B.tofinish

C.finishing

D.finishesIfindithard______hishandwriting.

A.read

B.toread

C.reading

D.readsHeconsidersithisduty______others.

A.help

B.tohelp

C.helping

D.helpsIt’skindofyou______mewithmyluggage.

A.help

B.tohelp

C.helping

D.helps17.不定式作宾补的特殊情况Theteacherallowedthestudents______early.

A.leave

B.toleave

C.leaving

D.leavesSheadvisedhim______adoctor.

A.see

B.tosee

C.seeing

D.seesTheofficerorderedthesoldiers______.

A.march

B.tomarch

C.marching

D.marchesMyparentspermitme______outonweekends.

A.go

B.togo

C.going

D.goesThesignwarnspeople______here.

A.notpark

B.nottopark

C.don’tpark

D.tonotpark18.不定式与介词搭配Shesucceeded______theexam.

A.pass

B.topass

C.inpassing

D.passingI’mthinking______anewbike.

A.buy

B.tobuy

C.ofbuying

D.buyingHeapologized______late.

A.forbe

B.forbeing

C.tobe

D.beingTheyareexcited______thetrip.

A.aboutgo

B.abouttogo

C.aboutgoing

D.goingWeareinterested______Chinesehistory.

A.learn

B.tolearn

C.inlearning

D.learning19.综合易错题Theboywasseen______thewindow.

A.break

B.tobreak

C.breaking

D.brokeIhadmycar______yesterday.

A.wash

B.towash

C.washed

D.washingWhynot______yourparentsforadvice?

A.ask

B.toask

C.asking

D.asksHeisthefirstperson______thefinishline.

A.cross

B.tocross

C.crossing

D.crossesIt’stime______lunch.

A.have

B.tohave

C.having

D.hasShecamehere______herfriend.

A.meet

B.tomeet

C.meeting

D.meetsThebookisworth______.

A.read

B.toread

C.reading

D.readsHerefused______methetruth.

A.tell

B.totell

C.telling

D.tellsIprefer______ratherthan______TV.

A.read;watch

B.toread;watch

C.reading;watching

D.toread;towatchSheseems______theansweralready.

A.know

B.toknow

C.tohaveknown

D.knowing二、填空题（101-150）Shepromised______(help)mewithmyhomework.It'simportant______(drink)enoughwatereveryday.Heseems______(read)thebookalready.Theteacheraskedthestudents______(nottalk)duringtheexam.Ihavealotofwork______(finish)beforetomorrow.Theywarnedus______(nottouch)thehotstove.Sheistooyoung______(drive)acar.Mydreamis______(become)ascientist.Hepretended______(notsee)meattheparty.Theboxislightenough______(carry)byhand.Ineedapen______(write)thisletter.Sheremindedhim______(take)thekeys.Weareexcited______(visit)themuseumtomorrow.Heagreed______(lend)mehisbike.Theproblemisdifficult______(solve)inoneday.Theydecided______(notgo)totheparkbecauseoftherain.Thebookissaid______(translate)into10languages.Iheardher______(sing)inthenextroom.Letme______(help)youwiththeluggage.Shemadeherbrother______(clean)theroom.Whynot______(ask)theteacherforhelp?Heisthefirstperson______(arrive)atthemeeting.It’stime______(have)lunch.Shecamehere______(meet)herfriend.Thedoctoradvisedhim______(stop)smoking.Iforgot______(lock)thedoorlastnight.Theyencouragedme______(try)again.Theroomneeds______(clean).Shelearned______(play)thepianoattheageoffive.Weareready______(start)theproject.Heoffered______(drive)mehome.Theteachertoldus______(notbe)late.I’msorry______(keep)youwaiting.Theyplan______(travel)toEuropenextsummer.Theboywasseen______(break)thewindow.Ihadmyhair______(cut)yesterday.Sheprefers______(read)ratherthan______(watch)TV.It’skindofyou______(help)me.Herefused______(answer)thequestion.Thestudentsweremade______(wait)forhours.Shesucceededin______(pass)theexam.I’mlookingforwardto______(see)youagain.Heused______(smoke),buthequitlastyear.Theyareafraid______(swim)inthedeepwater.Weareinterestedin______(learn)Chinesehistory.Heapologizedf