2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练：话题29　人与动植物(教师版)

主题语境三人与自然主题群一环境与保护话题29人与动植物Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·重庆巴南联考模拟预测)ItmaysoundliketheplotofaDisneymovie，butTodd，afox，reallydoesthinkhe’sadog.Theanimalwastamedafterbeingrescuedasa4－month－oldbabyandwasraisedasapetbyownerEmmaD’Sylva.Sincethenthelovablefoxhaspickedupanumberofdogcharacteristicssuchastailwagging(摇尾巴)，playingwithtoysandevenwalkingonalead.The11－month－oldanimalaccompaniesEmma’spetsSkyandOakleyonwalks，drawingdoubleattentionfromotherdog－walkerswhentheyseeToddmovingquicklythroughthelocalparkwithSkyandOakley.Theythoughtasafox，hehastoomanydogcharacteristics.Healsosleepsandplayswiththeotherdogsandevenwagshistailduringitsfeedingtime.“I’vehadToddsincehewasabout4monthsoldbecausehispreviousownerscouldn’tlookafterhimanymore.Hewasabitcrazywhenhefirstcametomelastyear，butnowhehasareallystrongbondwithme.HewillrunuptomewagginghistailwhenIgotofeedhim，”Emma，25，fromStanfield，said.“Sometimeshecomesintomyroom，butheprefersbeingoutside.Hegetsonwellwithmytwodogs，andwantstoplaywiththemallthetime.Ifpeopleordogscomeuptohiminthepark，hewillliedownatfirstandfreezebutafterafewsecondshewillsniffaroundthedogsorsitpatiently.”Emmatakessomeofher40petsintoschoolsandcarehomestoenablechildrenandtheelderlytointeractwitharangeofanimals.Emma’shusband，SteveJohnson，added，“Toddwentoutonhisfirstschoolvisittheotherweekandthechildrenreallyenjoyedplayingwithhim.”【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了狐狸Todd在4个月大的时候被主人Emma当作宠物养大，学会了许多狗的特征，得到了很多关注与喜爱。1.Theauthormentions“liketheplotofaDisneymovie”inParagraph1to.A.attractreaderstoknowmoreaboutToddB.introduceaDisneymovie’sactorC.inspirepeopletotreatfoxesmorefriendlyD.sharehisfavoritemoviewithreaders答案A[写作意图题。根据第一段的“ItmaysoundliketheplotofaDisneymovie，butTodd，afox...andevenwalkingonalead.”可知，作者提到“像迪士尼电影的情节”后，具体描述了Todd富有戏剧性的奇妙经历。由此推知，作者提到这个是为了吸引读者更多地了解Todd。]2.Toddcatchesmoreattentionthandogsbecause.A.he’sconsiderateandwarmheartedB.he’ssuccessfulandpatientC.heactslikeadoginsteadofafoxD.hegetsalongwellwithdogs答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段中“The11－month－oldanimalaccompaniesEmma’spetsSkyandOakleyonwalks，drawingdoubleattention...hastoomanydogcharacteristics.”可知，Todd比狗吸引更多注意力的原因是他的行为不像狐狸，而像狗。]3.WhatcanbeinferredaboutToddfromParagraph3?A.Heisveryaggressiveinpublic.B.Hemisseshispreviousowners.C.HeusedtosleepinEmma’sroom.D.HeleadsahappylifeatEmma’shome.答案D[推理判断题。根据第三段中“butnowhehasareallystrongbondwithme.HewillrunuptomewagginghistailwhenIgotofeedhim”可知，Todd和Emma相处得不错，感情很好。由此推知，Todd在Emma家过着幸福的生活。]4.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Howtoraisedogsandfoxes B.Alovelydog－likefoxC.Emmaandherpets D.Tobeagoodpetowner答案B[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了狐狸Todd在4个月大的时候被主人Emma当作宠物养大，学会了许多狗的特征，得到了很多关注与喜爱。由此推知，B项“一只像狗一样的可爱狐狸”符合文章大意，突出了Todd的特质，适合作为标题。](2024·河北沧州三模)In1960，atjust26yearsold，JaneGoodallwaschosentogotowhatisnowTanzaniaandstudythelittle－knownworldofchimpanzees.Sincethen，shehasreceivedmanyawardsandhonorarydegreesandbecomethemodelofsomeyounggirls.ButbeforeGoodallwasaworld－renownedconservationist，shewasjustakidwholikedanimals.Shewasbornlovinganimalssopeoplegaveherdiverseanimaltoys.Now，Goodallhasreceivedanunusualhonor.Sheisbecomingatoy—aBarbiedollwithlittlegirlyclothes.GoodallmaynothaveexpectedtobecomeaBarbieat88yearsold—butit’snotjustanydoll；it’smadeoutofrecycledplastic.AndtheBarbieispartneringwiththeJaneGoodallFoundationandherRoots&Shootsprogram，whichinspiresyoungpeopletoprotectothers，animalsandtheenvironment.Themainmessageis“everydayyoulive，youmakeanimpactontheplanetandyougettochoosewhatsortofimpactyoumake.”OnceGoodallhadgivenatalkaboutprotectingtheworldinBurundischoolandalittleboyof7cameuptoherandsaid，“IfIpickoutapieceoftrasheveryday，itwillmakeadifference，won’tit？”Shesaid，“Yes，itwill.Andsupposeyoupersuade10ofyourfriendstopickuptherubbisheveryday.”Hesaid，“Oh，that’sit.Theycouldallget10oftheirfriends！”Goodallhasbeeninspiringyoungpeoplefordecades，butnow，newergenerationswillgettoknowJaneGoodall.“IsincerelyhopethattheBarbiewillhelpkidstocreatemoreinterestandfascination(吸引)inthenaturalworld，”shesaid.“Itdoesn’treallymatteriftheyhaveacareerinconservation，aslongastheyliveanenvironment－friendlylife.”【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。简·古道尔是世界著名的环保主义者，芭比娃娃公司推出了一款以她为原型的芭比娃娃，以鼓励年轻人保护自然环境。5.WhatgetsyounggirlsinterestedinJaneGoodall?A.TheJaneGoodallBarbiedoll.B.JaneGoodall’schildhoodexperience.C.Herworkwiththechimpanzees.D.Herresearchintoenvironmentalpollution.答案C[细节理解题。根据第一段的“JaneGoodallwaschosentogotowhatisnowTanzania...andbecomethemodelofsomeyounggirls.”可知，对黑猩猩所做的研究工作使年轻女孩对她感兴趣。]6.WhatistheRoots&Shootsprogramaimedat?A.PartneringwithJane’sFoundation.B.Supportingyoungpeopleintrouble.C.Producingtoysoutofrecycledplastic.D.Encouragingkidstoprotecttheplanet.答案D[细节理解题。根据第三段的“AndtheBarbieispartneringwiththeJaneGoodallFoundation...toprotectothers，animalsandtheenvironment.”可知，简·古道尔创建Roots&Shoots是为了鼓励年轻人保护他人、动物与环境，保护我们共有的家园。]7.WhatcanwelearnfromGoodall’stalkwiththelittleboy?A.Peopleshouldmakemanyfriends.B.Everyeffortcanmakeadifference.C.Everyonehasapotentialtosucceed.D.Rubbishshouldbedealtwithregularly.答案B[推理判断题。根据第四段的“OnceGoodallhadgivenatalkaboutprotectingtheworld...‘Yes，itwill.Andsupposeyoupersuade10ofyourfriendstopickuptherubbisheveryday.’”可知，简·古道尔肯定了男孩每天捡一点垃圾产生的影响，建议他鼓励更多的人去这样做，任何努力都会使这个世界发生变化。]8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.JaneGoodallisstrangetonewgenerations.B.Barbiedollswillbepopularinthetoymarket.C.ThespiritofJaneGoodallwillinspiremorepeople.D.Conservationofnaturewillbethemostpopularcareer.答案C[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“butnow，newergenerationswillgettoknowJaneGoodall...moreinterestandfascination(吸引)inthenaturalworld，’shesaid.”可知，简·古道尔的精神会激励新的一代，会影响更多的人。]Ⅱ.完形填空Didgaisexceptional.Ihavethreeothercats，andsheisbyfarthemost1.In2017，Didgaperformedrecord－breaking24different2inunderaminute，whichgotherintotheGuinnessWorldRecords.Shehassurpassedallmy3andhelpedmeteachotherpeoplehowtogetthebestoutoftheircats.Iopenedmyownanimal－trainingbusinesswhenIthoughtaboutgettingacat—everyonesaidcatscan’tbetrained，butIwantedto4themwrong.Peoplewouldbeamazedathow5timeisrequiredtoteachyourpetquiteextraordinarythings.Istartedsearchingforpotentialkittenstoadopt.Iwenttoa6，andImetDidga.Theladytheresaid，“She’sreally7togetyourattention.”Iadoptedherandneverlookedback.Didgaknowsahandfuloftricksthattookoverayeartolearn.It’sanincredible8whenacatdoesatrickI’vebeentryingtoteachforsolong.Asatrainer，Iunderstandthepreparation，the9，andhowtobreakeverythingdownintobabysteps.10，youwouldn’tbeabletotrainacatiftheydidn’twantit，andI’dnever11onebeyonditscomfortzone.IfDidgadoesn’tlikeit，Istoporgoina12direction.IstartedaYouTubechanneltoteachpeopletohaveabetterrelationshipwiththeircats.Peoplearefascinatedwhentheyseemyskateboardingcat，andveryfeware13.Didgahaschangedmylife.ShehastakenmetolevelsIwouldneverhave14.Iwonthelotto，sotospeak，15acatlikeDidga.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者收养并教会小猫Didga很多技巧，证明“猫不能训练”这一说法是错误的。1.A.confident B.advancedC.familiar D.talented答案D[A.confident自信的；B.advanced先进的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.talented有天资的。根据下文“In2017，Didgaperformedrecord－breaking24differentinunderaminute，whichgotherintotheGuinnessWorldRecords.”可知，Didga因为表演打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，说明它很有天赋。]2.A.gestures B.tricksC.jokes D.dances答案B[A.gestures手势；B.tricks技巧；C.jokes笑话；D.dances舞蹈。根据第四段中“Didgaknowsahandfuloftricksthattookoverayeartolearn.”可知，Didga表演的是它学到的技巧。]3.A.experiments B.challengesC.predictions D.instructions答案C[A.experiments实验；B.challenges挑战；C.predictions预测；D.instructions指令。根据上文“gotherintotheGuinnessWorldRecords.”和句中“surpassed”可推知，Didga太优秀，超越了作者的预测。]4.A.prove B.describeC.change D.discover答案A[A.prove证实；B.describe描述；C.change改变；D.discover发现。根据上文“everyonesaidcatscan’tbetrained”和句中“themwrong”可推知，作者想要证明人们对猫的认知是错的。]5.A.extra B.toughC.precious D.little答案A[A.extra额外的；B.tough坚韧的；C.precious珍贵的；D.little一点儿。根据下文“It’sanincrediblewhenacatdoesatrickI’vebeentryingtoteachforsolong.”可知，作者教Didga花了很多时间。]6.A.village B.hospitalC.square D.shelter答案D[A.village乡村；B.hospital医院；C.square正方形；D.shelter(人或动物)收容所。根据上文“Istartedsearchingforpotentialkittenstoadopt.”可推知，要收养动物会去动物收容所。]7.A.trying B.meaningC.pretending D.promising答案A[A.try试图；B.mean意味着；C.pretend假装；D.promise承诺。根据句中“togetyourattention”可知，Didga想要引起作者的注意。]8.A.relief B.principleC.growth D.feeling答案D[A.relief缓解；B.principle准则；C.growth成长；D.feeling感觉。根据上文“tookoverayeartolearn”和句中“I’vebeentryingtoteachforsolong”可知，作者教了Didga很长时间，所以，终于成功后感觉不可思议。]9.A.awareness B.patienceC.admission D.responsibility答案B[A.awareness意识；B.patience耐心；C.admission承认；D.responsibility责任。根据上文“I’vebeentryingtoteachforsolong”可知，作者花了很长时间教Didga，所以他知道需要耐心。]10.A.Therefore B.InsteadC.Besides D.Somehow答案C[A.Therefore因此；B.Instead代替；C.Besides此外；D.Somehow以某种方式。上文讲调教猫的方法，下文“youwouldn’tbeabletotrainacatiftheydidn’twantit”仍然是讲如何调教猫，上下文是并列关系，用副词besides，符合语境。]11.A.push B.persuadeC.warn D.allow答案A[A.push强迫；B.persuade说服；C.warn警告；D.allow允许。根据上文“youwouldn’tbeabletotrainacatiftheydidn’twantit”和下文“IfDidgadoesn’tlikeit，Istop”可知，如果猫不愿意，你就无法训练它，所以作者会停下来，不会强迫猫离开它的舒适区。]12.A.wise B.standardC.different D.safe答案C[A.wise明智的；B.standard标准的；C.different不同的；D.safe安全的。根据选择连词“or”和“direction”可知，当猫不愿意训练时，除了停下训练，还有其他不同的方法。]13.A.puzzled B.negativeC.bearable D.cautious答案B[A.puzzled困惑的；B.negative否定的，消极的；C.bearable可忍受的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据上文“IstartedaYouTubechanneltoteachpeopletohaveabetterrelationshipwiththeircats”可知，作者在YouTube上教人们如何和猫建立更好的关系，所以当他们看到作者的猫玩滑板时，没人否定他的猫和他的做法。]14.A.takenup B.dreamedofC.stuckto D.checkedout答案B[A.takenup开始从事；B.dreamedof梦想；C.stuckto坚持；D.checkedout结账离开。根据上文“Didgahaschangedmylife.”可知，Didga改变了作者的生活，把作者带到了从未梦想过的高度。]15.A.finding B.recognizingC.following D.managing答案D[A.finding发现；B.recognizing认识；C.following跟随；D.managing调教(人或动物)。根据上文可知，作者训练了Didga，并且改变了自己的生活。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2024·吉林省白山市高三二模)CoralreefsarebeingplantedinthedeepseabedaroundHainanProvince，afamoustouristdestinationinChina，aspartofefforts1.(preserve)themaritime(海上的)environmentandpromotegreendevelopment.Coralreefscoverabout2percentoftheareaofseafloorandprovidehabitatsforabout25percentof2.(creature).Theyplay3.importantroleinstabilizingecologyoftheocean，accordingtoexperts.Theyworkas4.(extreme)naturalbarrierstoweakentheimpactofwavescrashingontheshore.However，survivalofcoralreefshavebeenchallengeddue5.changesinthemaritimeenvironment.In2019，theHainanSouthChinaSeaInstituteofTropicalOceaninitiatedaprogramtoplant6.(million)ofcoralreefsthroughprofessionalbree