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话题6健康的生活方式Ⅰ.阅读理解FromthelushgreenhillyoucanseeLjubljana,thecapitalofSlovenia,inthedistance.Populationsofdeer,rabbitsandturtlelivehere.Theairiscleanandtheonlysignsthatwearestandingabovea24-metre(79feet)deeplandfillarethemethanegaspipesrisingfromthegrass.LjubljanaisthefirstEuropeancapitaltocommittogoingzero-waste.Butfifteenyearsago,allofitsrefusewentstraighttolandfill.“Andthatisexpensive,”saysNinaSankovicofVokaSnaga,thecity’swastemanagementcompany.“Ittakesupspaceandyou’rethrowingawayresources.”Sothecitydecidedtochangecourse.Itbeganin2002withseparatecollectionofpaper,glassandpackaginginRoadsidecontainerstands.Fouryearslaterthecitybegancollectingbiodegradablewastedoortodoor;separatecollectionofbiowasteissettobecomemandatoryacrossEuropein2023,butLjubljanawasnearlytwodecadesaheadofthecurve.In2013,everydoorstepinthecityreceivedbinsforpackagingandpaperwaste.And,mostcontroversially,scheduledcollectionsoftheresidualwastewerecutbyhalf—forcingpeopletoseparatetheirrubbishmoreefficiently.Theresultshavebeenimpressive.In2008,thecityrecycledonly29.3%ofitswasteandwaslaggingbehindtherestofEurope.Todaythatfigureis68%,anditslandfillreceivesalmost80%lessrubbish,puttingitatthetopofthecyclingleaderboardofEUcapitals.TheSloveniancapitalnowproducesonly115kgofresidualwastepercapitaannually(theEuropeancitywiththelowestfigureisthemuchsmallerTreviso,Italy,at59kg).1.Whatistheusageofthepiperisingfromthegrass?A.Asigntoshowthereisadeeplandfill.B.Toemitgasrisingfromthegrass.C.Todischargemethanefromthedeeplandfill.D.Awaterpipetowatergrass.2.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“mandatory”inParagraph4?A.Compulsory. B.Typical.C.Normal. D.Reasonable.3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothechangeofLjubljana?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythepassageappear?A.Society.B.Geographyeducation.C.Tourism.D.Environmentalprotection.Restrictingmealstoearlyinthedaydidnotaffectweightamongoverweightadultswithprediabetesordiabetes,accordingtoresearchpresentedattheAmericanHeartAssociation’sScientificSessions2020.“Wehavewonderedforalongtimeifwhenoneeatsduringthedayaffectsthewaythebodyusesandstoresenergy,”saidstudyauthorNisaM.Maruthur,associateprofessorofmedicineinJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore.“Mostpreviousstudieshavenotcontrolledthenumberofcalories,soitwasn’tclearifpeoplewhoateearlierjustatefewercalories.Inthisstudy,theonlythingwechangedwasthetimeofdayofeating.”Maruthurandthecolleaguesfollowed41overweightadultsina12-weekstudy.Mostparticipants(90%)wereAfricanAmericanwomenwithprediabetesordiabetes,andaverageageof59years.Twenty-oneoftheadultsfollowedatime-restrictedeatingpattern,limitingeatingtospecifichoursofthedayandate80%oftheircaloriesbefore1pm.Theremaining20participantsateatusualtimesduringa12-hourwindow,consuminghalfoftheirdailycaloriesafter5pmfortheentire12weeks.Allparticipantsconsumedthesamepre-prepared,healthymealsprovidedforthestudy.Weightandbloodpressureweremeasuredatthebeginningofthestudy,thenat4weeks,8weeksand12weeks.Theanalysisfoundthatpeopleinbothgroupslostweightandhaddecreasedbloodpressureregardlessofwhentheyate.“Wethoughtthatthetime-restrictedgroupwouldlosemoreweight,”Maruthursaid.“Yetthatdidn’thappen.Wedidnotseeanydifferencesinweightlossforthosewhoatemostoftheircaloriesearlierversuslaterintheday.Wedidnotseeanyeffectsonbloodpressureeither.”Theresearchersarenowcollectingmoredetailedinformationonbloodpressurerecordedover24hours,andtheywillbecompilingthisinformationwiththeresultsofastudyontheeffectsoftime-restrictedfeedingonbloodsugar,insulinandotherhormonesandmakinganalysesonthefindings.“Together,thesefindingswillhelpustomorefullyunderstandtheeffectsoftime-restrictedeatingoncardiometaboliehealth,”Maruthursaid.5.Whatmadethestudydifferentfromearlierones?A.Participants’age.B.Participants’dailyeatingtime.C.Thenumberofparticipants.D.Theresearchmembers.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theresearchprocedure.B.Theresearchresult.C.Theresearchpurpose.D.Theresearchinstitution.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Bloodpressureisconnectedwitheatingtime.B.Absorbinglesscaloriesearliermakesforweightloss.C.Eatingtimedeterminestheeffectoflosingweight.D.Takingincaloriesearlierdoesn’timpactweightloss.8.Whatmaytheresearchersdonextaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Stopresearch. B.Announcefindings.C.Analyzedata. D.Writeessays.Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·山东省烟台市一模)Someyearsago,Iwasstuckonacrosstownbusduringrushhour.Thebuswasfilledwithcold,tiredpeople__1__withoneanother.Twomen__2__ateachotherforanunintentionalpush.Anelderlywomangoton,andnobodyofferedhera__3__.Angerwasintheair;no__4__couldbefoundhere.AsthebusapproachedSeventhAvenue,thedriver’swordscamefromthespeaker.“Folks,”hesaid.“Iknowyou’vehada(n)__5__dayandthatyouaredepressed,butIwill__6__.Wheneachofyouwalksbybeforegettingoff,dropyour__7__intomypalm(手掌).MyroutegoesrightbytheHudsonRiver,intowhichI’ll__8__them.”Itseemedasifaspellhadlifted.Everyoneburstoutlaughing,theirfacesshiningwith__9__.Thepassengerswhohadbeen__10__eachother’sexistenceweresuddenlygrinning(咧嘴笑)ateachother—isthisguyserious?Atthenextstop,justas__11__,thedriverheldouthishand,palmup,andwaited.Allthe__12__passengersperformedthegestureofdroppingsomethingintohispalm.Thedriver__13__thesameactionateverystopthatfollowed.Occasionallywemaysinkintoagreyworld,butsomeonecan__14__itlikearayoflight,showingushope.Whatifwearethelight?__15__,anyonepossessesthepowertoshineonothers’darkdays.1.A.satisfied B.associatedC.impressed D.annoyed2.A.waved B.noddedC.barked D.shot3.A.reminder B.seatC.ride D.choice4.A.mercy B.fortuneC.courage D.security5.A.tough B.averageC.important D.fruitful6.A.makecomments B.showupC.helpout D.takerisks7.A.memories B.troublesC.faults D.tips8.A.transform B.stretchC.accompany D.cast9.A.envy B.greedC.pleasure D.pride10.A.suspecting B.ignoringC.expecting D.appreciating11.A.ordered B.promisedC.requested D.reported12.A.chosen B.fooledC.sitting D.exiting13.A.repeated B.designedC.interpreted D.evaluated14.A.divide B.exploreC.reward D.brighten15.A.However B.InsteadC.Actually D.ConsequentlyⅢ.语法填空(2024·浙江省绍兴市高三二模)EatingChinesefoodcanbebeneficialforyourhealth.Chinesedishesareoftenpackedwithvegetables,leanproteins,andhealthygrainslikericeandnoodles,which1.____________(make)themagreatsourceofvitamins,nutrients,andotheressential2.____________(mineral).Chinesefoodisalso3.____________(relative)inexpensive,makingitagreatoptionforeaters.Manydishescanbeeasilycustomizedtomeetdietaryrestrictionsorpreferences,andtakeoutoptionsmakeiteasy4.____________(enjoy)adeliciousmealwithoutspendingmuchtime
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