2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练课件：话题8　生命的意义与价值

话题8生命的意义与价值主题群二做人与做事Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·山东淄博统考三模)WhenZhiYueying，then19，wenttotheremoteNiyangvillageinYichuncity，JiangxiProvince，toworkasavillageteacherin1980，villagersweredoubtfulifshewasgoingtostaylong.Overthepastfourdecades，Zhihasdevotedherselftoruraleducation.SheisarecipientofTouchingChinaawardsthatrecognizethemostinspiringrolemodelsin2016.Shewasalsoawardedasamodelpovertyfighterbythegovernment.Zhihasaprofoundunderstandingoftheimportanceofeducationinthemountains.Overtheyears，shehastaughtthestudentsandcaredforthem，sincemanyofthemwere“left－behind”childrenwhoseparentsmigratedtootherplacestowork.Morethan1，000studentsofhershaveleftthemountainarea，andcreatedabetterlifeforthemselves.Locatedamidthemountains，thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromanytown.Villagershadtohikeinthemountains.“Iarrivedattheschoolinanearlyevening，andwasshocked.Ihadknowntheconditionswerepoor，buttherealitywasworse.”Moreover，localpeopleneededtogodownhilltobuydailynecessities，andtransportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedacrosstheirshoulders.“Ihadneverwalkeduphillonamountainroadbefore，soIwalkedmuchmoreslowlythanothers.SometimesIwalkedslowlybehindtoomuchandwasscaredtotears，”saysZhi.Sometimesshehadtowalkuphillbyherselfwithaflashlightatnight.Thewildboarsandrabbitssometimesfrightenedherandsheenhancedhercouragebysingingloudly.Butshegraduallygotusedtoherlifethere.Atthebeginning，shefoundmanylocalpeoplevaluedtheirsonsfarmorethantheirdaughters，andwouldnotliketoletthemattendschool.Zhiwenttotheirhomesrepeatedlyandgraduallypersuadedthemtosendalltheirchildrentoschool.Forthosewhocouldnotaffordthetuition，shesparedherownmoneytohelp.Zhisaysseeingherstudentsdowellbeyondthemountainsisdeeplyrewarding.“Mydream，thesameasbefore，istostaybythesideofmorechildren.Iknowpovertywillforeversaygoodbyetothemountainousvillages，tomystudents，andtomyself，”saysZhi.【语篇解读】

本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，悉心教育并照顾学生，做出了巨大的贡献。1.WhydidZhichoosetostaylonginthemountains?A.Shewasavillageteacher.B.ShewasaTouchingChinaawardsrecipient.C.Shewasshockedbythepoorlivingconditions.D.Shewasawareofthesignificanceofruraleducation.解析

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Overthepastfourdecades，Zhihasdevotedherselftoruraleducation.”和“Zhihasaprofoundunderstandingoftheimportanceofeducationinthemountains.”可知，支月英选择长期待在山里是因为她意识到了乡村教育的重要性。√2.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thereasonsfortheirpoverty.B.Thewaysofbuyingdailynecessities.C.Thetoughsituationsinthemountains.D.ThedescriptionofZhi’steachingexperience.解析

段落大意题。根据第三段中“Locatedamidthemountains，thevillagewasverypoor...transportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedacrosstheirshoulders.”可知，山里的村庄地理位置偏僻，条件很差，人们生活非常不便。因此，第三段主要是描绘山里艰苦的环境。√3.WhatcanwelearnaboutZhiYueying?A.Shehasasenseofachievement.B.Sheenjoyslivinginmountains.C.Shehaschangedthelocallife.D.Shelikeschallengesinteaching.解析

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Zhisaysseeingherstudentsdowellbeyondthemountainsisdeeplyrewarding.”可知，支月英对于自己教育的成果感到很满意，很有成就感。√4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ALife－changingLessonB.AContributortoRuralEducationC.TheTeachingExperienceinMountainsD.TheCurrentSituationofRuralEducation解析

标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，做出了巨大的贡献。由此可知，B项“乡村教育的贡献者”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。√(2024·山东日照统考三模)Anewwearabledevicethatwrapsaroundyourfingerlikeaplastercanharvestsweatwhileyousleepanduseittogenerateelectricity，accordingtothedevelopersfromUniversityofCalifornia，SanDiego.Mostpower－producingwearabledevicesrequirewearerstoperformintenseexerciseordependonexternalsourcessuchassunlightorlargechangesintemperature.Butthenewstripusesapassivesystemtogenerateelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips，evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystill.Thisisbecausethefingertipsarethesweatiestpartofthebody.So，thankstoasmartspongematerial，thiscanbecollectedandprocessedbyconductors.Theenergyharvesterproducessmallamountsofelectricitywhenthewearerpressesdownorstartstosweat，orfromlightfingertapping.Itdoesthisbyconvertingactivitiesliketyping，texting，orplayingthepianointoextracharge.Fingertipshaveoneofthehighestconcentrationsofsweatgrandsinthebody，witheachfingerproducingbetween100and1，000timesmoresweatthanmostotherareas，accordingtotheresearchers.Co－firstauthordoctoralstudentMr.Binsaid，“Thereasonwhywefeelsweatieronotherpartsofthebodyisthatthosespotsarenotwellventilated(通风的).Bycontrast，thefingertipsarealwaysexposedtoair，sothesweatevaporatesasitcomesout.Soratherthanlettingitevaporate，weuseourdevicetocollectthissweat，anditcangenerateasignificantamountofenergy.”Thedeviceisequippedwithelectricalconductorsorelectrodes(电极)madefromacarbonfoam，whichabsorbsanyfingersweat.Enzymes(酶)ontheelectrodesthencausechemicalsweatmoleculestogenerateelectricity.Thedeviceonlystoresupalittlebitpoweratthemoment，andwouldtakeaboutthreeweeksofconstantweartopowerasmartphone，buttheresearchershopetoincreasecapacityinfuture.【语篇解读】

本文是说明文。研发人员发明了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备可以像膏药一样缠在手指上，在你睡觉时收集汗水，并利用它来发电。5.Howisthenewdevicedifferentfromotherwearables?A.Itiscost－effective. B.Itisharmlesstoskin.C.Itrequiresnoexercise. D.Itproduceselectricity.解析

推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Mostpower－producingwearabledevicerequirewearers...evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystill.”可知，这种设备即使是在你不运动的情况下，也可以从你指尖的汗液中发电。√6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evaporates”inparagraph5mean?A.Changesintoagas. B.Freezesintheair.C.Dropstotheground. D.Becomesbiggerinamount.解析

词义猜测题。根据画线单词上一句的“Thereasonwhywefeelsweatieronotherpartsofthebodyisthatthosespotsarenotwellventilated(通风的).”可推断，该句话的意思是我们身体的其他部位出汗多是因为那些部位不通风。而对比之下，“thefingertipsarealwaysexposedtoair(指尖总是暴露在空气中)”可推测，指尖没有多少汗水，由此推断，指尖没有汗水是因为汗水一出来就蒸发了。所以画线单词的意思为“蒸发”。选项A“Changesintoagas.(变成气体)”符合该意思。√7.Whatisthedisadvantageofthedevice?A.Itisextremelysmallinsize.B.Itisverydifficulttooperate.C.Ithasaverylimitedpowercapacity.D.Itreliesmuchontemperaturechanges.解析

细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thedeviceonlystoresupalittlebitpoweratthemoment...buttheresearchershopetoincreasecapacityinfuture.”可知，该设备的容量不够大。√8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SweatyFingertips B.PowerfromFingertipsC.AnElectricalConductor D.ARechargeableDevice解析

标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中“Anewwearabledevicethatwrapsaroundyourfinger...useittogenerateelectricity”以及整篇文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备可以佩戴在手指上并收集汗水，用来发电。所以“PowerfromFingertips”作为文章标题最为合适。√Ourpastexperiencesshapeourfuture.Itisasayingthatresonates(共鸣)withmeeverysingledayandthishasbeenagreat1frommyformativeyears，which2metoapplyforthejobasacashierattheminisupermarketasateenageraftermyfinalyearinhighschool.Asacashier，timelinesswasavery3factorthatwasamustformetostickto.IgottoplanoutmydayswellassoonasI4thejobsothatmyclockinginandclockingoutwasalwaysontimesince5toitwouldmakethewholeworksysteminthestorewrong.ThismakessurethatIdomyactivities6anddothemthoroughly.Ⅱ.完形填空Asmuchastheexperiencewasenlighteningandsatisfactory，ithadits7—inabilityto8asocialgroupwithmypeers(同龄人)andhavingfreetimewithmyfamilywas9.OnSundays，allIwantedwastobewellrestedbeforemy10startedthenextday.Somememorableactivitiesinmyteenagelife11mebyasIwasoftenbusywithwork.This12methatIhadtoprioritizeandfindtimetorelaxafterworkingsothatmyproductivitywould13.Takingmyfirst14isthebestchoiceIhaveevermade.Butforthisgreatopportunity，Iwouldnothave15thosequalitiesthatgreatlyinfluencedmylife.【语篇解读】

本文是夹叙夹议文。作者高中毕业后的第一份工作对他产生了深远的影响，使作者深刻理解了“我们过去的经历塑造了我们的未来”。1.A.intention B.motto C.decision D.wish

解析

A.intention意图;B.motto座右铭，格言；C.decision决定；D.wish希望。分析句子可知，本句中this指代上文“Ourpastexperiencesshapeourfuture.”这句话，这是一句格言。2.A.invited B.forced C.expected D.pushed

解析

A.invited邀请；B.forced强迫；C.expected期待；D.pushed推动，逼迫。分析句子可知，本句中which指代先行词motto，因此是这句座右铭推动着我找到了收银员的工作。√√3.A.vague B.rough C.vital D.random

解析

A.vague含糊的，不清楚的；B.rough粗糙的，粗鲁的；C.vital至关重要的；D.random随机的。根据下文“Igottoplanoutmydayswellassoonas...itwouldmakethewholeworksysteminthestorewrong.”可知，时间对我来说非常重要。4.A.pickedup B.tookon C.pickedout D.tookup

解析

A.pickedup捡起，接某人，偶然学会；B.tookon呈现；C.pickedout挑出，辨认出；D.tookup拿起，开始从事。根据上文“pushedmetoapplyforthejobasacashier”可知，我开始从事这个工作。√√5.A.invitation B.failure C.admission D.pressure

解析

A.invitation邀请；B.failure失败；C.admission录取，承认；D.pressure压力。根据下文“wouldmakethewholeworksysteminthestorewrong”可知，如果我打卡失败，会造成整个系统的瘫痪。6.A.bychance B.inahurry C.ontime D.atallcosts

解析

A.bychance偶然，意外；B.inahurry匆忙；C.ontime准时，按时；D.atallcosts不惜一切代价。根据上文“Igottoplanoutmydayswellassoonas...worksysteminthestorewrong.”可知，这种工作性质确保我会准时完成我的事情。√√7.A.privileges B.shortcomings C.techniques D.statements

解析

A.privileges特权；B.shortcomings缺点，不足之处；C.techniques技术；D.statements声明，陈述。根据下文“inabilityto

asocialgroupwithmypeers(同龄人)”中的inability“无能，不能”可知，这项工作也有不好的地方。8.A.report B.quit C.broadcast D.create

解析

A.report报告；B.quit放弃；C.broadcast广播；D.create创造。根据此空宾语“asocialgroupwithmypeers”，以及上文inability可知，此处意为“因为这个工作，我不能形成一个同龄人团体”。√√9.A.rare B.popular C.essential D.dull

解析

A.rare稀有的；B.popular流行的；C.essential重要的；D.dull无聊的。根据上文“Asmuchastheexperiencewasenlighteningandsatisfactory，ithadits

”可知，此处描述的是这份工作的缺点，因此是很少有时间和家人待在一起。10.A.shift B.change C.wait D.fame

解析

A.shift轮值的班；B.change改变；C.wait等待；D.fame名声。根据上文“Asmuchastheexperiencewasenlighteningandsatisfactory，ithadits

”可知，此处在继续描述这份工作的缺点，因此是周日要在第二天轮班之前好好休息。√√11.A.hit B.sent C.called D.passed

解析

A.hit碰撞，打；B.sent发送；C.called称呼；D.passed经过，走过。根据上文“OnSundays，allIwantedwastobewellrestedbeforemy

startedthenextday.”可知，青少年的我为了工作一直在忙碌，因此错过了很多活动。passby意为“经过，走过”。12.A.worried B.bothered C.taught D.warned

解析

A.worried担心，担忧；B.bothered打扰；C.taught教；D.warned警告。根据上文“Somememorableactivitiesinmyteenagelife

mebyasIwasoftenbusywithwork.”可知，我青少年时期为了工作错过了很多活动，而这些经验教会了我要给事情分优先级。√√13.A.disappear B.simplify C.increase D.vary

解析

A.disappear消失；B.simplify简化；C.increase增加；D.vary变化。根据上文“This

methatIhadtoprioritizeandfindtimetorelaxafterworking”可知，我分清事情的优先级并找时间放松，会提高我的工作效率。14.A.course B.prize C.opportunity D.step

解析

A.course课程；B.prize奖；C.opportunity机会；D.step步骤。根据上文“This

methatIhadtoprioritizeandfindtimetorelaxafterworkingsothatmyproductivitywould

.”可知，作者在此处应用了比喻手法，将之前的工作经验比喻为“人生中的课”。√√15.A.advocated B.guaranteed C.misunderstood D.discovered

解析

A.advocated提倡，主张；B.guaranteed保证；C.misunderstood误解；D.discovered发现。分析句子可知，本句宾语是“thosequalitiesthatgreatlyinfluencedmylife”，因此应和“发现”搭配。√(2024·江苏省百校高三第三次联考)EconomicandtradetiesbetweenChinaandcountriesalongtheBeltandRoad1.

(grow)significantlyoverthepastdecade.ProposedbyChinain2013，theBeltandRoadInitiativerefers2.

theSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe2lstCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad.China’stradeingoodswithBeltandRoadcountriesdoubled3.

$1.04trillionin2013to$2.07trillionin2022，with4.

averageannualgrowthrateof8percent，Chen，assistantministerofcommerce，saidatanewsconference.Bytheendof2022，Chineseenterpriseshadinvested$57.13billionineconomicandtradecooperationzonecountriesalongtheBeltandRoad，5.

helpedcreate421，000jobsforlocalresidents.Ⅲ.语法填空6.

(go)ahead，Chinawillexpandimportsofqualitygoods，improveitstwo－wayinvestmentstructure7.

concludefreetradeagreementswithmorecountriesalongtheBeltandRoad.Chinawill8.

(a