2025年英语翻译资格考试笔译模拟试卷：医学翻译与专业词汇试题

2025年英语翻译资格考试笔译模拟试卷：医学翻译与专业词汇试题考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、单项选择题要求：从每小题的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1.Thepatientwasdiagnosedwitha(n)_______conditionthatrequiredimmediatemedicalattention.A.chronicB.acuteC.contagiousD.chronicandcontagious2.Thedoctorprescribeda_______torelievethepatient'spain.A.medicationB.surgeryC.therapyD.diagnostictest3.Thepatient'sbloodpressurewasfoundtobe_______.A.normalB.elevatedC.stableD.fluctuating4.Thepatientwassufferingfroma_______intheleftleg.A.fractureB.sprainC.dislocationD.contusion5.Thepatientwasadvisedtoundergoa_______tocheckforanyinternalinjuries.A.X-rayB.MRIC.CTscanD.ultrasound6.Thepatient'sconditionwasconsideredtobe_______.A.criticalB.stableC.improvingD.deteriorating7.Thedoctorrecommendeda_______tohelpthepatientrecoverfromthesurgery.A.physicaltherapyB.medicationC.dietD.exercise8.Thepatientwasdiagnosedwitha(n)_______conditionthatcouldbehereditary.A.geneticB.infectiousC.chronicD.acute9.Thedoctorordereda_______toruleoutanyotherunderlyingconditions.A.bloodtestB.urinetestC.CTscanD.MRI10.Thepatientwasadvisedtotakea_______topreventfurthercomplications.A.medicationB.surgeryC.therapyD.diagnostictest二、完形填空题要求：阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Thepatient,a45-year-oldmale,wasadmittedtothehospitalwithasevereheadacheandblurredvision.Thedoctorconductedathoroughexaminationandorderedseveraltests.Theresultsshowedthatthepatienthada(n)_______conditioncalled_______.Theconditionwascausedbya(n)_______inthe_______artery,whichledto_______.Thepatientwasimmediatelytakentotheoperatingroomfor_______.Afterthesurgery,thepatientwas_______andwasexpectedtomakea_______recovery.A.1.A.chronicB.1.B.acuteC.1.C.infectiousD.1.D.hereditary2.2.A.migraineB.2.B.strokeC.2.C.hypertensionD.2.D.anemia3.3.A.blockageB.3.B.leakageC.3.C.tearD.3.D.inflammation4.4.A.carotidB.4.B.vertebralC.4.C.pulmonaryD.4.D.renal5.5.A.hemorrhageB.5.B.embolismC.5.C.thrombosisD.5.D.aneurysm6.6.A.emergencysurgeryB.6.B.medicationC.6.C.therapyD.6.D.observation7.7.A.stableB.7.B.criticalC.7.C.improvingD.7.D.deteriorating8.8.A.fullB.8.B.partialC.8.C.completeD.8.D.temporary9.9.A.quickB.9.B.slowC.9.C.steadyD.9.D.progressive10.10.A.fullB.10.B.partialC.10.C.completeD.10.D.temporary三、阅读理解题要求：阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Thehumanbodyisacomplexsystemoforgansandtissuesthatworktogethertomaintainlife.Oneofthemostimportantorgansinthebodyistheheart,whichpumpsbloodtoallpartsofthebody.Theheartisdividedintofourchambers:therightatrium,rightventricle,leftatrium,andleftventricle.Theheart'spumpingactioniscontrolledbyelectricalsignalsthatoriginateinthesinoatrial(SA)node,locatedintherightatrium.TheSAnodegenerateselectricalimpulsesthatcausetheatriatocontract,pushingbloodintotheventricles.Theimpulsesthentravelthroughtheatrioventricular(AV)node,whichdelaystheimpulsesslightlybeforesendingthemtotheventricles.Thisdelayallowstheatriatofinishcontractingbeforetheventriclesbegintocontract.Theventriclesthencontract,pushingbloodoutoftheheartandintothearteries.Thebloodiscarriedtoallpartsofthebody,deliveringoxygenandnutrientswhileremovingwasteproducts.Theheart'spumpingactionisregulatedbytheautonomicnervoussystem,whichcontrolstheheartrateandtheforceoftheheart'scontractions.1.TheSAnodeislocatedinthe_______.A.rightatriumB.rightventricleC.leftatriumD.leftventricle2.TheAVnodedelaystheelectricalimpulsesslightlyto_______.A.increasetheheartrateB.decreasetheheartrateC.allowtheatriatofinishcontractingD.increasetheforceoftheheart'scontractions3.Thebloodiscarriedtoallpartsofthebodyby_______.A.veinsB.arteriesC.capillariesD.lymphaticvessels4.Theheart'spumpingactionisregulatedbythe_______.A.sympatheticnervoussystemB.parasympatheticnervoussystemC.boththesympatheticandparasympatheticnervoussystemsD.autonomicnervoussystem5.Themainfunctionoftheheartisto_______.A.deliveroxygenandnutrientstothebodyB.removewasteproductsfromthebodyC.bothAandBD.controltheheartrateandtheforceoftheheart'scontractions四、翻译题要求：将下列句子从英语翻译成中文。1.Thepatient'sliverfunctiontestsrevealedelevatedlevelsofenzymes,indicatingpotentialliverdamage.2.Thepatientwasdiagnosedwithaglioma,atypeofbraintumorthatarisesfromglialcells.3.Thepatient'ssymptomsofdizzinessandhearinglosswereattributedtoavestibulardisorder.4.Thepatient'sbloodsugarlevelswerefoundtobeabnormallyhigh,suggestingdiabetesmellitus.5.Thepatient'sheartmurmurwasidentifiedasasystolicejectionmurmur,whichcanbeindicativeofaorticstenosis.6.Thepatient'sCTscanshowedamassinthelung,promptingfurtherinvestigationforapossiblemalignancy.7.Thepatient'selectroencephalogram(EEG)revealedabnormalbrainwavepatterns,whichmaybeassociatedwithepilepsy.8.Thepatient'skidneyfunctionwascompromised,asevidencedbyelevatedlevelsofcreatinineandureaintheblood.9.Thepatient'sskinrashwasdeterminedtobearesultofanallergicreactiontoamedication.10.Thepatient'sbonedensityscanindicatedosteoporosis,aconditioncharacterizedbyweakenedbones.五、简答题要求：简述以下医学专业术语的定义。1.Hypertension2.Diabetesmellitus3.Atherosclerosis4.Osteoporosis5.Malignancy6.Inflammation7.Tumor8.Embolism9.Hypothesis10.Pathophysiology六、论述题要求：论述以下医学概念。1.Explaintheroleoftheimmunesystemindefendingthebodyagainstinfections.2.Discusstheimportanceofpropernutritioninmaintainingoverallhealthandpreventingdisease.3.Describetheprocessofcelldivisionanditssignificanceingrowth,development,andtissuerepair.4.Analyzetheimpactofstressonthebodyanditspotentialeffectsonhealth.5.Discusstheimportanceofearlydetectionandtreatmentinmanagingchronicdiseases.6.Explaintheconceptofgeneticinheritanceanditsimplicationsforgeneticdisorders.7.Describethefunctionofthecardiovascularsystemanditsroleinoxygenandnutrientdelivery.8.Discusstheroleofphysicalactivityinpromotingcardiovascularhealthandpreventingobesity.9.Explaintheimportanceofmentalhealthinoverallwell-beinganditsimpactonphysicalhealth.10.Discusstheethicalconsiderationsinmedicalresearchandtheprotectionofhumansubjects.本次试卷答案如下：一、单项选择题1.B.acute解析：患者被诊断为一种需要立即医疗注意的急性状况。2.A.medication解析：医生开了一剂药来缓解患者的疼痛。3.B.elevated解析：患者的血压被检测为升高。4.A.fracture解析：患者左腿的症状被诊断为骨折。5.A.X-ray解析：医生建议进行X光检查以检查是否有任何内部伤害。6.A.critical解析：患者的状况被认为是危急的。7.A.physicaltherapy解析：医生建议物理治疗来帮助患者从手术中恢复。8.A.genetic解析：患者的状况被认为是一种可能遗传的遗传性疾病。9.A.bloodtest解析：医生下令进行血液检查以排除其他潜在状况。10.A.medication解析：患者被建议服用药物以防止进一步并发症。二、完形填空题1.B.acute解析：患者，一名45岁的男性，因剧烈头痛和视力模糊被收入院。医生进行了彻底的检查并订购了几个测试。结果显示，患者患有急性状况，称为中风。2.B.stroke解析：中风是一种由脑内血管阻塞引起的急性脑部损伤。3.A.blockage解析：这种状况是由大脑中动脉的阻塞引起的。4.A.carotid解析：这种情况是由颈动脉的阻塞引起的。5.B.hemorrhage解析：这种情况导致了出血。6.A.emergencysurgery解析：患者立即被送往手术室进行紧急手术。7.A.stable解析：手术后，患者情况稳定。8.B.partial解析：患者的状况被认为是部分稳定的。9.A.full解析：患者预计将完全恢复。10.A.full解析：患者的恢复预计将是完整的。三、阅读理解题1.A.rightatrium解析：窦房结位于右心房。2.C.allowtheatriatofinishcontracting解析：房室结的延迟允许心房在心室开始收缩之前完成收缩。3.B.arteries解析：血液通过动脉被输送到身体的各个部位。4.D.autonomicnervoussystem解析：心脏的泵送动作由自主神经系统调节。5.C.bothAandB解析：心脏的主要功能是向身体输送氧气和营养，同时清除废物。四、翻译题1.患者的肝功能测试显示酶水平升高，表明可能存在肝损伤。解析：翻译时要注意专业术语“肝功能测试”、“酶水平”、“肝损伤”的准确翻译。2.患者被诊断为胶质瘤，这是一种起源于神经胶质细胞的脑瘤。解析：注意“胶质瘤”、“神经胶质细胞”等专业词汇的准确翻译。3.患者的眩晕和听力丧失症状被归因于前庭功能障碍。解析：翻译时要注意“眩晕”、“听力丧失”、“前庭功能障碍”等词汇的准确表达。4.患者的血糖水平被发现在正常值以上，表明糖尿病。解析：翻译时要注意“血糖水平”、“正常值”、“糖尿病”等术语的准确使用。5.患者的心杂音被识别为收缩期喷射性杂音，这可能是主动脉瓣狭窄的指标。解析：注意“心杂音”、“收缩期喷射性杂音”、“主动脉瓣狭窄”等专业术语的翻译。6.患者的CT扫描显示肺部有一个肿块，这促使进一步调查可能的恶性。解析：翻译时要注意“CT扫描”、“肿块”、“恶性”等术语的准确翻译。7.患者的脑电图（EEG）显示异常脑电波模式，这可能与癫痫有关。解析：注意“脑电图”、“脑电波模式”、“癫痫”等术语的准确表达。8.患者的肾功能受损，如血液中的肌酐和尿素升高所示。解析：翻译时要注意“肾功能”、“肌酐”、“尿素”等术语的准确使用。9.患者的皮疹被确定为对药物过敏的反应。解析：注意“皮疹”、“过敏反应”、“药物”等词汇的准确翻译。10.患者的骨密度扫描表明骨质疏松症，这是一种骨骼变弱的条件。解析：翻译时要注意“骨密度扫描”、“骨质疏松症”、“骨骼变弱”等术语的准确表达。五、简答题1.高血压（Hypertension）：指动脉血压持续升高，超过正常值，可能对心脏、血管和肾脏等器官造成损害。解析：简答题