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第二部分2023年--2023年英语专业八级阅读真题
2023年
TextA
TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarkerofWelshidentity,
butagenerationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManx.Once
widelyspokenontheIsleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentsfinancing
andcentralplanning,however,havehelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.
RoadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsarewritteninbothWelshand
English,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnbothlanguages.Welshis
nowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope'sregionallanguages,spokenby
morethanahalf-millionofthecountry'sthreemillionpeople.
Therevivalofthelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofa
resurgenceofnationalidentitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.
LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecondanniversaryoftheopeningofthe
NationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvenedheresince1404.The
ideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnations
makinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,
Englandhasalwayshadbraggingrights.Thepartialtransferoflegislative
powersfromWestminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogive
theothermembersoftheclub-Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales-a
biggersayandtocountercentrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatenthevery
ideaoftheunion.
TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvoted
overwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscraped
throughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent.Its
powerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehowmoney
fromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspent.Itcannot,unlikeits
counterpartinEdinburgh,enactlaws.Butnowthatitishere,theWelshare
growingtoliketheirAssembly.Manypeoplewouldlikeittohavemore
powers.Itsimportanceasfigureheadwillgrowwiththeopeningin2023,of
anewdebatingchamber,oneofmanynewbuildingsthataretransforming
CardifffromadecayingseaportintoaBaltimore-stylewaterfrontcity.
MeanwhileagrantofnearlytwomilliondollarsfromtheEuropeanUnion
willtacklepoverty.WalesisoneofthepoorestregionsinWesternEurope-
onlySpain,Portugal,andGreecehavealowerstandardofliving.
NewspapersandmagazinesarefilledwithstoriesaboutgreatWelshmen
andwomen,boostingself-esteem.TofamiliarfacessuchasDylanThomas
andRichardBurtonhavebeenaddednewiconssuchasCatherineZeta-
Jones,themoviestar,andBrynTerfel,theoperasinger.Indigenousfoods
likesaltmarshlambareinvogue.AndWalesnowboastsanationalairline.
AwyrCymru.Cymru,whichmeans"landofcompatriots,istheWelsh
nameforWales.Thereddragon,thenation'ssymbolsincethetimeofKing
Arthur,iseverywhere-onT-shirts,rugbyjerseysandevencellphonecovers.
“UntilveryrecenttimesmostWelshpeoplehadthisfeelingofbeing
second-classcitizens,saidDyfanJones,an18-year-oldstudent.Itwasa
warmsummernight,andIwassittingonthegrasswithagroupofyoung
peopleinLlanelli,anindustrialtowninthesouth,outsidetherockmusic
venueoftheNationalEisteddfod,Wales'sannualculturalfestival.The
disusedfactoryinfrontofusechoedtothesoundsofnewWelshbands.
“Therewasalmostagenetictendencyforlackofconfidence,9,Dyfan
continued.EquallycomfortableinhisWelshnessasinhismembershipinthe
English-speaking,globalyouthcultureandthenewfederalEurope,Dyfan,
liketherestofhisgeneration,isgrowingupwithasenseofpossibility
unimaginabletenyearsago."Weusedtothink.Wecan'tdoanything,we're
onlyWelsh.NowIthinkthat'schanging.”
11.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto
A.maintainthepresentstatusamongthenations.
B.reducelegislativepowersofEngland.
C.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenations.
D.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunion.
12.Theword“centrifugal"inthesecondparagraphmeans
A.separatist.B.conventional.
C.feudal.D.political
13.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT
A.people'sdesirefordevolution.
B.locals'turnoutforthevoting.
C.powersofthelegislativebody.
D.statusofthenationallanguage.
14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleoftheresurgenceof
Welshnationalidentity
A.Welshhaswitnessedarevivalasanationallanguage.
B.Poverty-relieffundshavecomefromtheEuropeanUnion.
C.AWelshnationalairlineiscurrentlyinoperation.
D.Thenationalsymbolhasbecomeafamiliarsight.
15.AccordingtoDyfanJoneswhathaschangedis
A.people'smentality.B.popculture.
C.town'sappearance.D.possibilitiesforthepeople.
TextB
GettingtotheheartofKuwaitidemocracyseemshilariouslyeasy.Armed
onlywithadog-earedNEWSWEEKID,Iambledthroughthegatesofthe
NationalAssemblylastweek.Unscanned,unsearched,mysatchelcould
easilyhaveheldtheoddgrenadeorananthrax-stuffedlunchbox.Theonly
personwhostoppedmewasaguardwhogrinnedandinvitedmetotakea
swigoforangejuicefromhisplasticbottle.
WereIaKuwaitiwomanwieldingaballot,Iwouldhavebeenaclearerand
morepresentdanger.ThatverydayParliamentblockedabillgivingwomen
thevote;29M.P.Svotedinfavorand29against,withtwoabstentions.
Unabletodecidewhetherthebillhadpassedornot,thegovernment
scheduledanothervoteintwoweeks-toolateforwomentoregisterfor
June'smunicipalelections.Thenextsuchelectionsaren'tuntil2023.Inside
theelegant,marbledParliamentitself,aseaofmustachioedmeninwhite
robessatingreenseats,debatingfuriously.Therulingemirhaspushedfor
women'spoliticalrightsforyears.Ironically,thedemocraticallyelected
legislaturehasthwartedhim.Traditionalistsandtriballeadersareopposed.
Liberalsfret,too,thatIslamistswilllettheirmultiplewivesvote,swelling
conservativeranks."WhenIcametoParliamenttoday,peoplewhovoted
yesdidn'tevenshakehandswithmc,^^saidoneShiaclcrc."Whycanftwe
respecteachotherandworktogether?^^Whynotindeed?ByGulfstandards,
Kuwaitisademocraticsuperstar.Itscitizensenjoyfreespeech(aslongas
theydon'tinsulttheiremir,naturally)andboastaParliamentthatcan
actuallypasslaws.UnliketheirSaudisisters,Kuwaitiwomendrive,work
andtravelfreely.Theyrunmultibillion-dollarbusinessesandserveas
ambassadors.Theiracademicsuccessissuchthatcollegeshaveactually
loweredthegradesrequiredformakestudentstogetintomedicaland
engineeringcourses.Eventhen,70percentofuniversitystudentsare
females.
InKuwait,theWesternobsessionwiththehigabfindsitsequivalent.Ata
fancypartyforNEWSWEEK'SArabicedition,someKuwaitiwomenwore
them.Othersoptedfortight,spangled,sheerlittlenumbersinpeacockblue
orparrotorange.Fortheparty*sentertainment,NancyAjram,theArab
world'sanswertoBritneySpears,sangpassionatesongsofloveinawhite
mini-dress.Shecouldn'tdanceforus,alas,sinceshakingone'sbodyonstage
isillegalinKuwait.Thatdidn'tstopwholetablesofmenfromraisingtheir
camera-enabledmobilephonesandclickingherpicture.You'dthinknot
beingabletovoteordanceinpublicwouldangerKuwait'syounger
generationofwomen.Tofindout,Iheadedtothemalls-Kuwaifs
archipelagoofcivicfreedom.Eagertoduckstrictparentsandthesocial
taboosofdatinginpublic.YoungKuwaitishavetakentocafes,beaming
flirtatiousinfrarede-mailstooneanotherontheircellphotos.AtStarbucks
intheglitteringAlSharqMall,Ifoundonlytablesofmen,puffingcigarettes
andgrumblingabouttheservice.AtPizzaHut,IthoughtI'dgotananswer
afterencounteringayoungwomanwholookedeveryinchthemodern
suffragette-drainpipejeans,strappysliverhigh-heeledsandalsandahigab
studdedwithpurplerhinestones.But,no,MiriamAl-Enizi,20,studying
businessadministrationatKuwaitUniversity,doesn'tthinkwomenneedthe
vote."Menarebetteratpoliticsthanwomen,“sheexplained,addingthat
womeninKuwaitalreadyhaveeverythingtheyneed.Welcometo
democracy,Kuwaitstyle.
16.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeoplemight
beviewedasbeingdangerousbytheguards?
A.Foreigntourists.B.Womenprotestors.
C.Foreignjournalists.D.MembersoftheNationalAssembly.
17.Thebillgivingwomenthevotedidnotmanagetopassbecause
A.Differentinterestgroupshelddifferentconcerns.
B.Liberalsdidnotreachconsensusamongthemselves.
C.Parliamentwascontrolledbytraditionalists.
0.Parliamentmemberswereallconservatives.
18.Whatistheroleofthe4thand5thparagraphsinthedevelopmentofthe
topic?
A.ToshowhowKuwaitiwomenenjoythemselves.
B.TodescribehowwomenworkandstudyinKuwait.
C.Toprovideacontrasttotheprecedingparagraphs.
D.Toprovideacontrasttotheprecedingparagraphs.
19.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutyoungKuwaitiwomen?
A.Theyseemtobequitecontented.
B.TheygoinforWesternfashions.
C.Theydesiremorethanmodernnecessities.
D.Theyfavourtheuseofhi-techproducts.
TextC
Richard,KingofEnglandfrom1189to1199,withallhischaracteristic
virtuesandfaultscastinaheroicmouldisoneofthemostfascinating
medievalfigures.Hehasbeendescribedasthecreatureandembodimentof
theageofchivalry,Inthosedaysthelionwasmuchadmiredinheraldry,
andmorethanonekingsoughttolinkhimselfwithitsrepute.When
Richard'scontemporariescalledhim"CoeurdeLion"(TheLionheart),they
paidalastingcomplimenttothekingofbeasts.LittledidtheEnglishpeople
owehimforhisservices,andheavilydidtheypayforhisadventures.He
wasinEnglandonlytwiceforafewshortmonthsinhistenyears'reign;yet
hismemoryhasalwaysEnglishhearts,andseemstopresentthroughoutthe
centuriesthepatternofthefightingman.Inalldeedsofprowessaswellas
inlargeschemesofwarRichardshone.Hewastallanddelicatelyshaped
stronginnerveandsinew,andmostdexterousinarms.Hereioicedin
personalcombat,andregardedhisopponentswithoutmaliceasnecessary
agentsinhisfameHelovedwar,notsomuchforthesakeofgloryor
politicalends,butasothermenlovescienceorpoetry,fortheexcitementof
thestruggleandtheglowofvictory.Bythishiswholetemperamentwas
toned;andunitedwiththehighestqualitiesofthemilitarycommander,love
ofwarcalledforthallthepowersofhismindandbody.Althoughamanof
bloodandviolence,Richardwastooimpetuoustobeeithertreacherouson
habituallycruel.Hewasasreadytoforgiveashewashastytooffend;he
wasopen-handedandmunificenttoprofusion;inwarcircumspectindesign
andskilfulinexecution;inpoliticalachild,lackinginsubtletyand
experience.Hispoliticalallianceswereformeduponhislikesanddislikes;
hispoliticalschemeshadneitherunitynorclearnessofpurpose.The
advantagesgainedforhimbymilitarygeoidswereflungawaythrough
diplomaticineptitude.When,onthejourneytotheEast,MessinainSicily
waswonbyhisarmshewaseasilypersuadedtosharewithhispolished,
faithlessally,PhilipAugustus,fruitsofavictorywhichmorewiselyused
mighthavefoiledtheFrenchKing'sartfulschemes.Therichandtenable
acquisitionofCypruswascastawayevenmoreeasilythanitwaswon.His
lifewasonemagnificentparade,which,whenended,leftonlyanempty
plain.
In1199,whenthedifficultiesofraisingrevenuefortheendlesswarwereat
theirheight,goodnewswasbroughttoKingRichard.Itwassaidtherehad
beendugupnearthecastleofChaluz,onthelandsofoneofhisFrench
vassals,atreasureofwonderfulquality;agroupofgoldenimagesofan
emperor,hiswife,sonsanddaughters,seatedroundatable,alsoofgold,had
beenunearthed.TheKingclaimedthistreasureaslordparamount.Thelord
ofChaluzresistedthedemand,andtheKinglaidsiegetohissmall,weak
castle.Onthethirdday,asherodedaringly,nearthewall.Confidentinhis
hard-triedluck,aboltfromacrossbowstruckhimintheleftshoulderbythe
neck.Thewound,alreadydeep,wasaggravatedbythenecessarycuttingout
ofthearrow-head.Gangrenesetin,andCoeurdeLionknewthathemust
payasoldier'sdebt.Hepreparedfordeathwithfortitudeandcalm,andin
accordancewiththeprincipleshehadfollowed.Hearrangedhisaffairs,he
dividedhispersonalbelongingsamonghisfriendsorbequeathedthemto
charity.HedeclaredJohntobehisheir,andmadeallpresentswearfealtyto
him.Heorderedthearcherwhohadshotthefatalbolt,andwhowasnowa
prisoner,tobebroughtbeforehim.Hepardonedhim,andmadehimagiftof
money.Forsevenyearshehadnotconfessedforfearofbeingcompelledto
bereconciledtoPhilip,butnowhereceivedtheofficesoftheChurchwith
sincereandexemplarypiety,anddiedintheforty-secondyearofhisageon
April6,1199,worthy,bytheconsentofallmen,tositwithKingArthurand
RolandanotherheroesofmartialromanceatsomeEternalroundTable,
whichwetrusttheCreatoroftheUniverseinHiscomprehensionwillnot
haveforgottentoprovide.
Thearcherwasflayedalive.
20"littledidtheEnglishpeopleownhimforhisservice,,(paragraphone)
meansthattheEnglish
A.paidfewtaxestohim.
Bgavehimlittlerespect.
Creceivedlittleprotectionfromhim.
Dhadnorealcausetofeelgratefultohim.
21.Tosaythathiswifewasa€CmagnificentparadeXparagraphTwo)
impliesthatitwastosomeextent.
A.spentchieflyatwar.
Bimpressiveandadmirable.
Clivedtoopompously
D.anemptyshow.
22.Richard'sbehaviourasdeathapproachedshowed.
A.braveryandself-control.
B.Wisdomandcorrectness
C.Devotionandromance
D.Chivalryandcharity
23.ThepointofthelastshortparagraphisthatRichardwas
A.cheatedbyhisownsuccessors
B.determinedtotakerevengeonhisenemies.
C.moregeneroustohisenemiesthanhisseccesors.
Dunabletoinfluencethebehaviorofhissuccessors.
24.WhichofthefollowingphrasebestdescribesRichardasseenbythe
author?
A.Anaggressiveking,toofondofwar.
B.Abravekingwithminorfaults.
CAcompetentbutcunningsoldier.
DAkindwithgreatpoliticalskills.
25.Therelationshipbetweenthefirstandsecondparagraphsisthat
A.eachpresentsonesideofthepicture.
B.thefirstgeneralizesthesecondgivesexamples.
C.thesecondisthelogicalresultofthefirst.
D.bothpresentRichard'svirtuesandfaults.
TEXTD
ThemiserablefateofEnron'semployeeswillbealandmarkinbusiness
history,oneofthoseawfuleventsthateveryoneagreesmustneverbe
allowedtohappenagain.Thisurgeisunderstandableandnoble:thousands
havelostvirtuallyalltheirretirementsavingswiththedemiseofEnron
stock.Butmakingsureitneverhappensagainmaynotbepossible,because
thesuddenimpoverishmentofthoseEnronworkersrepresentssomething
evenlargerthanitseems.It'sthelatestturnintheunwindingofoneofthe
mostaudaciouspromiseofthe20thcentury.
Thepromisewasassuredeconomicsecurity-evencomfort-foressentially
everyoneinthedevelopedworld.Withtheexplosionofwealth,thatbegan
inthe19thcenturyitbecamepossibletothinkaboutapossibilitynoonehad
daredtodreambefore.Thefearatthecenterofdailylivingsincecaveman
days-lackoffoodwarmth,shelter-wouldatlastloseitspowertoterrify.
Thatremarkablepromisebecamerealityinmanyways.Governments
createdwelfaresystemsforanyoneinneedandseparateprogrammesforthe
elderly(SocialSecurityintheU.S.).Labourunionspromisednotonlybetter
payforworkersbutalsopensionsforretirees.Giantcorporationscameinto
beingandofferedthepossibility-insomecasesthepromise-oflifetime
employmentplusguaranteedpensions.Thecumulativeeffectwasa
fundamentalchangeinhowmillionsofpeopleapproachedlifeitself,a
reversalofattitudethatmostrankasoneofthelargestinhumanhistory.For
millenniatheaverageperson'sstancetowardprovidingforhimselfhadbeen.
UltimatelyI'monmyown.Nowitbecame,ultimatelyI'Hbetakencareof.
Theearlyhintsthatthispromisemightbebrokenonalargescalecamein
the1980s.U.S.businesshadbecomeuncompetitivegloballyandbegan
restructuringmassively,withhugeLayoffs.Thetrendacceleratedinthe
1990sasthebastionsofcorporatewelfarefacedreality.IBMendedit'sno
layoffpolicy.AT&Tfiredthousands,manyofwhomfoundsuchathing
simplyincomprehensible,andafewofwhomkilledthemselves.Theother
supposedguarantorsofoureconomicsecuritywerealsoindecline.Labour
unionmembershipandpowerfelltotheirlowestlevelsindecades.President
Clintonsignedahistoricbillscalingbackwelfare.Americansrealizedthat
SocialSecuritywon'tprovidesocialsecurityfbranyofus.
Alessvisiblebutequallysignificanttrendaaffectedpensions.Tomake
costseasiertocontrol,companiesmovedawayfromdefinedbenefitpension
plans,whichobligatethemtopayoutspecifiedamountsyearsinthefuture,
todefinecontributionplans,whichspecifyonlyhowmuchgoesintothe
playtoday.Themostcommontypeofdefined-contributionplanisthe
401(k).thesignificanceofthe401(k)isthatitputsmostoftheresponsibility
foraperson'seconomicfatebackontheemployee.Withinlimitsthe
employeemustdecidehowmuchgoesintotheplaneachyearandhowit
getsinvested-thetwofactorsthatwilldeterminehowmuchit'sworthwhen
theemployeeretires.WhichbringsusbacktoEnron?Thosebillionsof
dollarsinvaporizedretirementsavingswentinemployees'401(k)accounts.
Thatis,theemployeeschosehowmuchmoneytoputintothoseaccounts
andthenchosehowtoinvestit.Enronmatchedacertainproportionofeach
employee's401(k)contributionwithcompanystock,soeveryonewasgoing
toendupwithsomeEnroninhisorherportfolio;butthatcouldberegarded
asafreebie,sincenothingcompelsacompanytomatchemployee
contributionsatall.AtleasttwospecialfeaturescomplicatetheEnroncase.
First,someshareholderschargetopmanagementwithillegallycoveringup
thecompany*sproblems,promptinginvestorstohangonwhentheyshould
havesold.Second,Enron's401(k)accountswerelockedwhilethecompany
changedplanadministratorsinOctober,whenthestockwasfalling,so
employeescouldnothaveclosedtheiraccountsiftheywantedto.
Butbyfarthelargestcauseofthishumantragedyisthatthousandsof
employeeswereheavilyoverweighedinEnronstock.Manyhadplaced
100%oftheir401(k)assetsinthestockratherthaninthe18other
investmentoptionstheywereoffered.Ofcoursethatwasn'tprudent,butit's
whatsomeofthemdid.
TheEnronemployees'retirementdisasterispartofthelargertrendaway
fromguaranteedeconomicsecurity.That'swhypreventingsuchathingfrom
everhappeningagainmaybeimpossible.Thehugeattitudinalshifttoril-
be-taken-care-oftookatleastageneration.Theshiftbackmaytakejustas
long.Itwon'tbecompleteuntilanewgenerationofemployeesseeassured
economiccomfortasa20th-centuryquirk,andunderstandnotjust
intellectuallybutintheirbonesthat,likemostpeopleinmosttimesand
places,they'reontheirown
26.Whydoestheauthorsayatthebeginning"ThemiserablefateofEnron's
employeeswillbealandmarkinbusinesshistory...5,?
A.Becausethecompanyhasgonebankrupt.
B.Becausesucheventswouldneverhappenagain.
C.BecausemanyEnronworkerslosttheirretirementsavings.
D.Becauseitsignifiesaturningpointineconomicsecurity.
27.Accordingtothepassage,thecombinedeffortsbygovernments,layout
unionsandbigcorporationstoguaranteeeconomiccomforthaveledtoa
significantchangein
A.people'soutlookonlife.B.people'slifestyles.C.people'sliving
standardD.people'ssocialvalues.
28.Changesinpensionschemeswerealsopartof
A.thecoi*poratelay-offs.
B.thegovernmentcutsinwelfarespending.
C.theeconomicrestructuring.
D.thewarningpoweroflaborsunions.
29.ThousandsofemployeeschoseEnronastheirsoleinvestmentoption
mainlybecause
A.The401(k)madethemresponsiblefortheirownfuture.
B.Enronofferedtoaddcompanystocktotheirinvestment.
C.theiremployersintendedtocutbackonpensionspending.
D.Enron'sofferwassimilartoadefined-benefitplan.
30.WhichisNOTseenasalessondrawnfromtheEnrondisaster?
A.401(k)assetsshouldbeplacedinmorethanoneinvestmentoption.
B.Employeeshavetotakeupresponsibilitiesforthemselves.
C.Sucheventscouldhappenagainasitisnoteasytochangepeople'smind.
D.Economicsecuritywon'tbetakenforgrantedbyfutureyoungworkers.
阅读理解答案:
11-15CADBA16-20BACCD21-25DDDBA26-30DABBD
2023年
TEXTA
Attheageof16,LeeHyukJoonslifeisalivinghell.TheSouthKorean10th
gradergetsupat6inthemorningtogotoschool,andstudiesmostoftheday
untilreturninghomeat6p.m.Afterdinner,itstimetohitthebooksagain-atone
ofSeoulsmanyso-calledcramschools.Leegetsbackhomeat1inthemorning,
sleepslessthanfivehours,thenrepeatstheroutine—fivedaysaweek.Itsa
gruelingschedule,butLeeworriesthatitmaynotbegoodenoughtogethiminto
atopuniversity.Someofhisclassmatesstudyevenharder.
SouthKoreaseducationsystemhaslongbeenhighlycompetitive.Butfor
Leeandtheother700,000high-schoolsophomoresinthecountry,high-school
studieshavegottenevenmoreintense.ThaisbecauseSouthKoreahas
conceivedanewcollege-entrancesystem,whichw川beimplementedin2023.
Thisyears10thgraderswillbethefirstgroupevaluatedbythenewadmissions
standard,whichplacesmoreemphasisongradesinthethreeyearsofhigh
schoolandlessonnationwideSAT-styleandotherselectiontests,whichhave
traditionallydeterminedwhichstudentsgototheelitecolleges.
Thechangewasmademostlytoreducewhatthegovernmentsaysisa
growingeducationgapinthecountry:wealthystudentsgotothebestcolleges
andgetthebestjobs,keepingthechildrenofpoorerfamiliesonthesocial
margins.Theaimistoreducetheimportanceofcostlytutorsandcramschools,
partlytohelpstudentsenjoyamorenormalhigh-schoollife.Butthenewsystem
hashadtheoppositeeffect.Before,studentsdidntworrytoomuchabouttheir
grade-pointaverages;thebigchallengewasbeatinghestandardizedtestsas
high-schoolseniors.Nowstudentsarecompetingagainstoneanotherovera
three-yearperiod,andeverymidtermandfinaltestiscrucial.Fretfulparentsare
relyingevenmoreheavilyontutorsandcramschoolstohelptheirchildren
succeed.
ParentsandkidshavesentthousandsofangryonlineletterstotheEducation
Ministrycomplainingthatthenewadmissionsstandardissettingstudentsagainst
eachother."Onecansucceedonlywhenothersfail/tasoneparentsaid.
EducationexpertssaythatSouthKoreaspublicsecondary-schoolsystemis
foundering,whileprivateeducationisthriving.Accordingtocritics,thecountrys
highschoolsarealmostuniformlymediocre—theresultofanegalitarian
governmenteducationpolicy.Withthenumberofeliteschoolsstrictlycontrolled
bythegovernment,eventhebrighteststudentstypicallyhavetosettlefor
ordinaryschoolsintheirneighbourhoods,wherethecurriculumiscentredon
averagestudents.Tomakeupforthemediocrity,zealousparentssendtheirkids
totheexpensivecramschools.StudentsinaffluentsouthernSeoul
neighbourhoodscomplainthatthenewsystemwillhurtthemthemost.
NearlyallKoreanhighschoolswillbeweightedequallyinthecollege-entrance
process,andrelativelyweakstudentsinprovincialschools,whomaynotscore
wellonstandardizedtests,oftencompilegoodgrade-pointaverages.
Someuniversities,particularlyprestigiousones,openlycomplainthatthey
cannotselectthebeststudentsunderthenewsystembecauseiteliminates
differencesamonghighschools.Theyveaskedformorediscretioninpicking
studentsbygivingmoreweighttosuchscreeningtoolsasessaywritingor
interviews.
PresidentRohMooHyundoesntlikehowsomecollegesaretryingto
circumventthenewsystem.Herecentlycriticized"greedy"universitiesthatfocus
moreonfindingthebeststudentsthanfayingto"nurturegoodstudents".But
amidthecrossfirebehveenthegovernmentanduniversities,thecountrys10th
gradersarefeelingthestress.Ononlineprotestsites,somearecalling
themselvesa“cursedgeneration"and"miceinalabexperimenf.Itallseemsa
touchmelodramatic,butthatstheSouthKoreanschoolsystem.
11.Accordingtothepassage,thenewcollege-entrancesystemisdesignedto
A.requirestudentstositformorecollege-entrancetests.
B.reducetheweightofcollege-entrancetests.
C.selectstudentsontheirhighschoolgradesonly.
D.reducethenumberofprospectivecollegeapplicants.
12.Whatseemstobetheeffectofintroducingthenewsystem?
A.Thesystemhasgivenequalopportunitiestostudents.
B.Thesystemhasreducedthenumberofcramschools.
C.Thesystemhasintensifiedcompetitionamongschools.
D.Thesystemhasincreasedstudentsstudyload.
13.Accordingtocritics,thepopularityofprivateeducationismainlytheresultof
A.thegovernmentsegalitarianpolicy.B.insufficientnumberofschools:
C.curriculumsofaveragequality.D.lowcostofprivateeducation.
14.Accordingtothepassage,thereseemstobedisagreementovertheadootion
ofthenewsystembetweenthelollowinggroupsEXCEPT
A.betweenuniversitiesandthegovernment.
B.betweenschoolexpertsandthegovernment.
C.betweenparentsandschools.
D.betweenparentsandthegovernment.
15.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribestheauthorstreatmentcfthe
topic?
A.Objective.B.Positive.C.Negative.D.Biased.TEXTB
WilfredEmmanuel-Joneswasateenagerbeforehesawh
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