湖北省武汉市部分重点中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期末联考英语试卷（解析版）

第1页/共1页武汉市部分重点中学2024-2025学年度上学期期末联考高一英语试卷本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试时间：2025年1月16日下午14:00—16:00祝考试顺利注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Closethewindow.B.Treatthebird’sleg.C.Getthebirdsomefood.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Familymembers.C.Conductorandpassenger.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Atafurniturestore.C.Atthewoman’shouse.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.It’seasytofinishherpaper.B.Shewon’tmakeanewcake.C.Themanisalltalkandnoaction.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atripexperience.B.ATVshow.C.Afamousuniversity.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyistheboy’smotherangrywithhim?A.Hemadefunofhisclassmate.B.Hetalkedbacktohisteachers.C.Hegotlowscoresonhismathtest.7.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givingsuggestions.B.Makinganapology.C.Correctingamistake.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhydoesthemancometoAlice?A.Toshowapicture.B.Toextendaninvitation.C.Tosharehistravelexperience.9.Whatarethepaintingsattheexhibitionabout?A.Thegrasslands.B.Somecoastalcities.C.Theviewsinawatertown.10.Whenwillthespeakersgototheexhibition?A.ThisFriday.B.NextMonday.C.NextTuesday.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisprobablythespeakers’mother?A.Adoctor.B.Ateacher.C.Ahousewife.12.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Takeoutthegarbage.B.Cleanthefloor.C.Dothelaundry.13.Howwillthespeakersgotothemarket?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatdoesBruce’ssistervaluemostinpersonalrelations?A.Kindness.B.Honesty.C.Bravery.15.WhatisBruce’sattitudetowardthewoman’sbehavioryesterday?A.Forgiving.B.Admiring.C.Disapproving.16.WhatdoesBruceregretdoing?A.Failingtodohishomework.B.Tellingalietohissister.C.BeingangrywithLouis.17.WhatdoesthewomanadviseBrucetodo?A.Writealetterofapology.B.Askhisteacherforhelp.C.MakeacalltoLouis.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.HowdoesDebrahRoundycommunicatewithherteammatesnow?A.Byturningtoothers.B.Byexchangingnotes.C.Byusingatranslationapp.19WhatdidDebrahRoundythinkofChinesedanceatfirst?A.Itwasreallyfun.B.Itwasquitepuzzling.C.Itwasnotverydifficult.20.WhathasDebrahRoundybeendoingactivelyotherthandancing?A.LearningChinese.B.Helpingpoorstudents.C.Assistingagedneighbors.第二部分阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWashington,DCisatheatretown.Here’swhereyoucangetthebestperformancesandculturalexperiencesofferedforeverytasteinthenation’scapital.KennedyCenterKennedyCenterhostshundredsofworld-classperformanceseachyearandishometotheNationalSymphonyOrchestraandtheWashingtonNationalOpera.TheSuzanneFarrellBalletalsocountsKennedyCenterasitsperformanceheadquarters.Thecompany—underthedirectionofFarrell—wasfirstinvitedtoperformtherein1993andhassincebecomeoneofthevenue’smostfamousattractions.WoollyMammothCompanyWoollyMammothCompanyisanexperimentaltheatrethatwelcomesoriginalplaysthatpushtheboundariesoflivetheatre.TheNewYorkTimeshascalledit“Washington’smostdaringtheatrecompany”,andthehalfdozenplaysWoollyproduceseachyearcontinuetoliveuptothatreputation.ShakespeareTheatreCompanyFormorethan25years,ShakespeareTheatreCompanyhascommitteditselftoservingasthenation’sclassicaltheatre.Itoperatesoutoftwospaces,includingSidneyHarmanHallattheHarmanCenter,whichseats775,andtheLansburghTheatre,whichseats451.Theshiny,glass-walledHarmanCentershowcasesclassicShakespeareplays,modernupdatesandShakespeare-inspiredoriginalshows.WolfTrapForlocals,summerisn’tcompletewithoutatleastonetriptoWolfTrap,theonlynationalparkdedicatedtotheperformingarts.Thevenueisbest-knownforperformancesoftouringartists.Theopen-airtheatreofferscoveredseating,butwhentheweatherwarmsup,wesuggestbuyingseatsonthegrasslandandpackingapicnic.1.Wherecanyouappreciatethetop-levelBallet?A.HarmanCenter. B.KennedyCenter.C.LansburghTheatre. D.WoollyMammothCompany.2.WhatisShakespeareTheaterCompanyfocusedon?A.Providingthenationalclassics. B.Workingontheperformingarts.C.Holdingworld-classperformances. D.Showcasingthelatestcreativeplays.3.WhatmaybetheparticularfeatureofWolfTrap?A.Itsoriginalworks. B.Itscoveredseating.C.Itsopen-airatmosphere. D.ItsShakespeareplays.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个位于华盛顿的几个剧院。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据KennedyCenter中的“KennedyCenterhostshundredsofworld-classperformanceseachyearandishometotheNationalSymphonyOrchestraandtheWashingtonNationalOpera.TheSuzanneFarrellBalletalsocountsKennedyCenterasitsperformanceheadquarters.Thecompany-underthedirectionofFarrell-wasfirstinvitedtoperformtherein1993andhassincebecomeoneofthevenue’smostfamousattractions.(肯尼迪中心每年举办数百场世界级的演出，是国家交响乐团和华盛顿国家歌剧院的所在地。苏珊娜·法雷尔芭蕾舞团也将肯尼迪中心作为其演出总部。在法雷尔的指导下，该剧团于1993年首次受邀在那里演出，并从此成为该场地最著名的景点之一)”可知，在肯尼迪中心可以欣赏高水平芭蕾舞表演。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ShakespeareTheatreCompany中的“Formorethan25years,ShakespeareTheatreCompanyhascommitteditselftoservingasthenation’sclassicaltheatre.Itoperatesoutoftwospaces,includingSidneyHarmanHallattheHarmanCenter,whichseats775,andtheLansburghTheatre,whichseats451.Theshiny,glass-walledHarmanCentershowcasesclassicShakespeareplays,modernupdatesandShakespeare-inspiredoriginalshows.(在超过25年的时间里，莎士比亚剧团一直致力于成为国家的古典剧院。它有两个空间，包括哈曼中心的西德尼·哈曼厅（SidneyHarmanHall），可容纳775人，以及兰斯堡剧院（LansburghTheatre），可容纳451人。闪亮的玻璃幕墙的哈曼中心（HarmanCenter）展示了经典的莎士比亚戏剧、现代更新版和莎士比亚启发的原创节目)”可知，该剧院致力于成为国家的古典剧院，它在两个场地运营，展示经典的莎士比亚戏剧、现代更新版和受莎士比亚启发的原创作品。因此可知，它集中提供国家经典剧目。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据WolfTrap中的“Forlocals,summerisn’tcompletewithoutatleastonetriptoWolfTrap,theonlynationalparkdedicatedtotheperformingarts.Thevenueisbest-knownforperformancesoftouringartists.Theopen-airtheatreofferscoveredseating,butwhentheweatherwarmsup,wesuggestbuyingseatsonthegrasslandandpackingapicnic.(对当地人来说，不至少去一次WolfTrap国家公园是不完整的夏天，这是唯一一个致力于表演艺术的国家公园。这个场地以巡回艺术家的演出而闻名。露天剧场提供带顶棚的座位，但当天气变暖时，我们建议在草地上买座位并带上野餐的东西)”可知，WolfTrap国家公园尽管有带顶棚的座位，但当天气变暖时，建议在草地上购买座位并准备野餐，因此它的特色在于露天氛围。故选C。BAfteryearsoflivingunderground,twobroodsofcicadas(蝉)willarrivethissummerinpartsoftheSoutheastandMidwest.Thetotalnumberofcicadascouldreachatrillion,accordingtotheUniversityofConnecticut.Thetwobroodsareperiodical,meaningtheyonlycomeabovegroundonceeveryfewyears.BroodXIII,ortheNorthernIllinoisBrood,surfacesevery17years.BroodXIX(theGreatSouthernBrood),whichappearsevery13years,willjointhisspring.Thisyearmarksthefirsttimethetwobroodshaveappearedinthesameyearsince1803.Itwon’thappenagainforanother221years.Shapedlikesmallcandybarswithtransparentwings,cicadasmakeupmorethan3,000species.Femalestypicallylayeggsintreebranches,andafterafewmonths,theyoungcicadashatchandhideunderground.Theyfeedonliquidsfromtreerootsandresurfaceoncematuretolaytheireggs.Theytunnelfromunderground,molt(蜕皮)aftertheycomeout,andthenstartsearchingforamate.Malesmakeabuzzingsoundtoattractmateswhilethefemalesclaptheirwingsinresponsetothemales’matingcalls.Aftermating,thefemaleslaytheireggsandthecyclestartsagain.Whileannualcicadasappeareveryyear,periodicalbroodsareonlyfoundincertainyearsandwaituntilthesoiltemperaturereaches65degreesFahrenheit.Scientistshavetheorizedthatbycomingoutinlargenumbersallatonce,cicadasmakeitharderforpredatorstoconsumethemall,increasingthechancesofsurvivalforindividualsandthecontinuityoftheirspecies.Researchersalsothinktheyunderstandhowcicadasknowwhenanotheryearhaspassed—thetreetheydrinkgetsricherinaminoacidsonceayearwhenitblossoms.However,theydon’tknowexactlyhowcicadastrackthischangeinaminoacidlevels.MarthaWeiss,aninsectecologistatGeorgetownUniversity,said,“Weknowthat’swhattheycount;wherethey’reputtingtheirlittlechalkmarksonthewallandhowthey’rekeepingtrackofit,westilldon’tknow.”4.Whatgetsthetwobroodsofcicadasunusual?A.Theymainlyliveunderground. B.Theyturnedupinthesameyear.C.Theybothemergeevery13years. D.Theybothhardlysurfaceinspring.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mostlyshowusaboutcicadas?A.Theireatinghabits. B.Theirlifecycle.C.Theirvarioustypes. D.Theirmoltingbehavior.6.Whydocicadassometimesappearinlargenumbers?A.Toprotecttheireggsfrompredators. B.Tosearchforanewhabitattolivein.C.Toensurethesurvivaloftheirspecies. D.Tocollectfoodfortheupcomingyear.7.Howmightcicadasdetectthetimepassing?A.Bytrackingthemovementsofotherinsects.B.Bysensingthetemperaturechangesofthesoil.C.Bymarkingthegrowthoftreeswithlittlechalk.D.Bynoticingchangesinacertainacidofthetrees.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两种周期性出现的蝉将在今年同时出现，以及周期性蝉的生活习性、繁殖周期、出现规律、科学家对蝉如何感知时间变化的研究和猜测。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thisyearmarksthefirsttimethetwobroodshaveappearedinthesameyearsince1803.Itwon’thappenagainforanother221years.(今年是自1803年以来，这两窝蝉首次在同一年出现，下一次这种情况要再过221年才会发生。)”可知，这两窝蝉自1803年以来首次在同一年出现，且下一次这种情况要再过221年才会发生，这是它们不同寻常的地方。故选B。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Shapedlikesmallcandybarswithtransparentwings,cicadasmakeupmorethan3,000species.Femalestypicallylayeggsintreebranches,andafterafewmonths,theyoungcicadashatchandhideunderground.Theyfeedonliquidsfromtreerootsandresurfaceoncematuretolaytheireggs.Theytunnelfromunderground,molt(蜕皮)aftertheycomeout,andthenstartsearchingforamate.(蝉形似带透明翅膀的小长条糖果，种类超过3000种。雌蝉通常在树枝上产卵，几个月后，幼蝉孵化并潜入地下。它们以树根部的汁液为食，成熟后便会再次钻出地面产卵。它们从地下钻出，出来后蜕皮，然后开始寻找配偶。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了蝉从雌蝉产卵，到幼蝉孵化后潜入地下以树根部汁液为食，成熟后钻出地面蜕皮、寻找配偶、交配、雌蝉产卵，然后新的周期又开始；由此可知，第三段主要给我们展示了蝉的生命周期。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Scientistshavetheorizedthatbycomingoutinlargenumbersallatonce,cicadasmakeitharderforpredatorstoconsumethemall,increasingthechancesofsurvivalforindividualsandthecontinuityoftheirspecies.(科学家推测，蝉一次性大量涌现，会使捕食者难以将它们全部吃掉，从而增加个体生存几率以及物种延续的可能性。)”可知，科学家推测蝉大量出现是为了让捕食者难以将它们全部吃掉，从而增加个体生存几率以及物种延续的可能性，即确保它们物种的生存。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Researchersalsothinktheyunderstandhowcicadasknowwhenanotheryearhaspassed-thetreetheydrinkgetsricherinaminoacidsonceayearwhenitblossoms.However,theydon’tknowexactlyhowcicadastrackthischangeinaminoacidlevels.(研究人员还认为他们了解蝉是如何感知一年时间的流逝——它们所吸食汁液的树木，每年开花时氨基酸含量会增加。然而，他们并不清楚蝉究竟是如何追踪氨基酸水平变化的。)”可知，研究人员认为蝉可能是通过感知树木中某种氨基酸的变化来判断时间的流逝。故选D。CManyconceptsthatarecentraltothehumanexperienceareabstract,suchasrelationships,ideas,andtime—thingswecan’tdirectlyseeortouch.Wecommonlyuseconcretelanguagetotalkandthinkaboutthesethings,oftenthroughmetaphors(隐喻).Usingmetaphorsisfarmorethanapoeticdeviceoffactualstatements.AstudyconductedatPurchaseCollegefoundthatmetaphorscanframepeople’sperspectives,thusshapingtheirreasoningandsubsequentactions.Forexample,describingtheefforttostopclimatechangeasa“war”ratherthana“race”causedpeopletofeelmoreurgencyaboutreducingemissions.Anotherexampleisthelightbulb(灯泡)metaphorcommonlyusedtodescribenewideas,suggestingthatnewthoughtsappearsuddenlylikealightswitchbeingturnedon.However,thismetaphorprovesthatnewideascomeeffortlesslyandareaccessibleonlytoaselectfewgeniuses,suchasIsaacNewton,whosupposedlydevelopedhistheoryofgravityfromasuddeninsightaboutafallingapple.Itmayleadpeopletoquestiontheircapabilitytohavenewideas,andasabehavioralresult,peoplemayoverlooktheroleofhardworkandconstantlearninginbringingaboutchange.Analternativewaytodescribeideasisbycomparingnewthoughtstoseedsthatfallonfertilegroundand—ifcaredfor-willgrowanddevelopovertime.Differentfromthelightbulbmetaphor,theseedmetaphorshowsanunderstandingthatcreatingnewideasisalaboriousprocess,whichrequirestimeandeffort.Italsosuggeststhatanybodycanbethecultivatorofideasaslongastheyputtheirmindtoit.Theeffectsofmetaphorsshowhowpowerfullanguagecanbe,eventhoughweoftendon’trealizeit.Who’dhavethoughtasimpleuseofalightbulbmetaphorcouldaffecthowweunderstandtheconceptofinnovation?Giventhenatureofourmetaphoricalminds,itisworthasking:areourmetaphorssuitable?Weoweittoourselvesandotherstousemetaphorsappropriately.Thesechoices—consciousornot—canbeconstructiveordestructive.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutmetaphorsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theycanframepeople’sbehaviors. B.Theycanmakelanguagemorepoetic.C.Theymaydeveloppeople’sviewpoints. D.Theymayuseabstractlanguagemoreoften.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overlook”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Undervalue. B.Emphasize. C.Recognize. D.Acknowledge.10.Whatdoestheseedmetaphordifferfromthelightbulbmetaphor?A.Theimportanceofnaturaltalent. B.Thepeople’sdoubtaboutcreativity.C.Theprocessofproducingnewideas. D.Thecontinuouseffortsofindividuals.11Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsusingmetaphors?A.Negative. B.Careful. C.Favorable. D.Respectful.【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了隐喻在塑造人们思维和行为上的强大力量，以及选择合适隐喻的重要性。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“AstudyconductedatPurchaseCollegefoundthatmetaphorscanframepeople’sperspectives,thusshapingtheirreasoningandsubsequentactions.(PurchaseCollege进行的一项研究发现，隐喻可以塑造人们的视角，从而塑造他们的推理和随后的行动。)”可知，研究发现隐喻可以塑造人们的思维和行为。故选A。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Anotherexampleisthelightbulb(灯泡)metaphorcommonlyusedtodescribenewideas,suggestingthatnewthoughtsappearsuddenlylikealightswitchbeingturnedon.However,thismetaphorimpliesthatnewideascomeeffortlesslyandareaccessibleonlytoafewgeniuses,suchasIsaacNewton,whosupposedlydevelopedhistheoryofgravityfromasuddeninsightaboutafallingapple.Itmayleadpeopletoquestiontheircapabilitytogeneratenewsideas,andasabehavioralconsequence,peoplemay

underestimate

theroleofhardworkandcontinuouslearninginbringingaboutchange.(另一个例子是灯泡比喻，通常用于描述新想法，表明新想法突然出现，就像电灯开关被打开一样。然而，这个比喻意味着新想法毫不费力地出现，只有少数天才才能获得，比如艾萨克·牛顿，他被认为是从突然发现一个掉落的苹果中发展出他的引力理论的。这可能会导致人们质疑自己产生新想法的能力，作为一种行为后果，人们可能会overlook努力工作和持续学习在带来变革方面的作用。)”可知，作者在本段阐述灯泡比喻，利用牛顿的例子来表达灯泡比喻会使人过分强调天赋、对自己的能力产生质疑，相应地对勤奋努力的价值则有所忽视、低估。因此推断画线词与undervalue意思相近。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Differentfromthelightbulbmetaphor,theseedmetaphorimpliesanunderstandingthatgeneratingnewideasisalaboriousprocess,whichrequirestimeandeffort.Italsosuggeststhatanybodycanbethecultivatorofideasaslongastheyputtheirmindtoit.(与灯泡的比喻不同，种子的比喻暗示了一种理解，即产生新的想法是一个艰苦的过程，需要时间和精力。它还表明，任何人都可以成为思想的培养者，只要他们用心去做。)”可知，一个种子培育成长需要长期的关注和养护，种子比喻的显著特征是它表明个人的持续努力。因此可知种子隐喻与灯泡隐喻不同之处在于它暗示个人需要持续的努力。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Theeffectsofmetaphorsshowhowpowerfullanguagecanbe,eventhoughweoftendon’trealizeit.Who’dhavethoughtasimpleuseofalightbulbmetaphorcouldaffecthowweunderstandtheconceptofinnovation?Giventhenatureofourmetaphoricalminds,itisworthasking:areourmetaphorssuitable?Weoweittoourselvesandotherstousemetaphorsappropriately.Thesechoices—consciousornot—canbeconstructiveordestructive.(隐喻的影响显示了语言的强大力量，尽管我们常常没有意识到这一点。谁会想到一个简单的灯泡隐喻会深刻地影响我们对创新概念的理解？鉴于我们思维的隐喻性，值得一问的是：我们的隐喻是否合适？我们有责任对自己和他人适当地使用隐喻。这些选择，无论是有意识还是无意识的，都可能是建设性的或破坏性的。)”可知，作者对隐喻的使用持小心谨慎的态度，认为应该恰当地使用隐喻，因为无论是有意识还是无意识的，隐喻都可能是建设性的或破坏性的。故选B。DAwe(敬畏)experiencesaretypicallyconnectedwiththeperception(感知)ofsomethingincrediblyvastorpowerful.Theseareoftenrelatedwithnature—suchaslookingatabroadviewofmountainsorupatthebillionsofstarsinthenightsky.“Aweisthefeelingofbeinginthepresenceofsomethingvastthatgoesbeyondyourunderstandingoftheworld,”saidDacherKeltner,apsychologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.AttheUniversityofChicago’sHumanNatureandPotentialsLab,researchhasshownthatchildrenovertheageoffourcanperceiveandrespondtoawe-inspiringexperiences.Thisearlysenseofaweinfluencestheirmotivationforlearningandself-perception.Whenexposedtoawe-inspiringvisuals,suchasvastnaturalscenesornaturaldisasters,childrenfeela“smallself”comparedtotheirfeelingsafterviewingeverydaynatureimagery,whichmakesthemmoremotivatedtoexplorethingsthatinterestthemandtounderstandthingsintheworldthattheyhadn’tlearnedmuchaboutyet.Whileaweisahighlypersonalexperience,evidencesuggeststhatithassignificantsocialeffects.Inoneexperiment,participantswhowereaskedtostandstaringattalltreesforaminuteweremorelikelytohelpothersthanthosewholookedatabuilding,suggestingthatbeinginanawe-inspiringenvironmentincreasesmoralityandreducesfeelingsofself-centeredness.“Thisisespeciallycriticalintheageofsocialmedia,”saidDr.Keltner.“Weareatthisculturalmomentofself-center,criticism,andentitlement(优越感);awegetsusoutofthat.Itdoesthisbyhelpingusgetoutofourownheadsandrealizeourplaceinthelargercontext,ourcommunities,”heexplained.“Mightawecausepeopletobecomemoreinvestedinthegreatergood,givingmoretocharity,volunteeringtohelpothers,ordoingmoretoreducetheirimpactontheenvironment?Ourresearchwouldsuggestthattheanswerisyes.”12.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.Thedefinitionofaweexperiences. B.Theeffectofnatureonperception.C.Thewaysofunderstandingnature. D.Thesignificanceofaweexperiences.13.Whatdoweknowaboutchildrenwhoexperienceawe?A.Theymayloseconfidenceinthemselves. B.Theytendtoperformbetterintheirstudies.C.Theywillknowmoreaboutnaturaldisasters. D.Theyaremoreinterestedinexploringtheworld.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutaweaccordingtoDr.Keltner?A.Itcanimprovepeople’sphysicalhealth. B.Ithasapositiveimpactonpeople’sbehavior.C.Itencouragesustoreflectonourculture. D.Itassistspeopletoshapetheircriticalthinking.15.Whichwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AwePerceptioninEarlyChildhood.B.Awe’sRoleintheAgeofSocialMedia.C.ThePowerofAweDrivesUsOutofSelf-center.D.Awe-InspiringExperiencesPushPeopletoLearn.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了敬畏感的定义、来源、对儿童学习动力的影响以及敬畏感在社交层面的积极作用。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Awe(敬畏)experiencesaretypicallyconnectedwiththeperception(感知)ofsomethingincrediblyvastorpowerful.Theseareoftenrelatedwithnature-suchaslookingatabroadviewofmountainsorupatthebillionsofstarsinthenightsky.“Aweisthefeelingofbeinginthepresenceofsomethingvastthatgoesbeyondyourunderstandingoftheworld,”saidDacherKeltner,apsychologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.(敬畏体验通常与对极其宏大或强大事物的感知相关联。这些体验往往与自然有关，比如眺望连绵群山的壮阔景色，或是仰望夜空中数十亿颗繁星。加州大学伯克利分校的心理学家DacherKeltner表示：‘敬畏是一种置身于宏大事物面前，而该事物超出你对世界认知的感觉。’)”可知，第一段主要讲述了敬畏体验通常与对某种巨大或强大的事物的感知有关，并引用了加州大学伯克利分校的心理学家DacherKeltner的话，对敬畏进行了定义。因此，该段主要讲述的是敬畏体验的定义。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Whenexposedtoawe-inspiringvisuals,suchasvastnaturalscenesornaturaldisasters,childrenfeela“smallself”comparedtotheirfeelingsafterviewingeverydaynatureimagery,whichmakesthemmoremotivatedtoexplorethingsthatinterestthemandtounderstandthingsintheworldthattheyhadn’tlearnedmuchaboutyet.(当孩子们看到令人敬畏视觉景象，如广袤的自然场景或自然灾害时，与观看日常自然景象后的感受相比，他们会产生一种‘自我渺小’的感觉，这使得他们更有动力去探索自己感兴趣的事物，去了解那些他们尚未深入学习的世间万物。)”可知，当孩子们有敬畏体验时，比如看到令人敬畏的视觉景象，与观看日常自然景象后的感受相比，他们会产生一种“自我渺小”的感觉，这使得他们更有动力去探索自己感兴趣的事物，去了解那些他们尚未深入学习的世间万物。即体验到敬畏的孩子会对探索世界更感兴趣。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Thisisespeciallycriticalintheageofsocialmedia,”saidDr.Keltner.“Weareatthisculturalmomentofself-center,criticism,andentitlement(优越感);awegetsusoutofthat.Itdoesthisbyhelpingusgetoutofourownheadsandrealizeourplaceinthelargercontext,ourcommunities,”heexplained.“Mightawecausepeopletobecomemoreinvestedinthegreatergood,givingmoretocharity,volunteeringtohelpothers,ordoingmoretoreducetheirimpactontheenvironment?Ourresearchwouldsuggestthattheanswerisyes.”(Keltner博士说：‘在社交媒体时代，这一点尤为关键。我们正处于一个以自我为中心、充满批评和优越感的文化时期；而敬畏能让我们摆脱这种状态。它通过帮助我们跳出自我的局限，认识到我们在更广阔环境和社区中的位置来实现这一点。’他解释道，‘敬畏是否会促使人们更加关注公共利益，更多地向慈善事业捐款、主动去帮助他人，或者为减少自身对环境的影响而付出更多努力呢？我们的研究表明，答案是肯定的。’)”可知，根据Dr.Keltner所说的内容，在社交媒体时代，人们处于以自我为中心、爱批评和有优越感的文化时刻，而敬畏能让人们摆脱这种状态，帮助人们跳出自我，认识到自己在更大环境和社区中的位置，还可能使人们更多地为公益事业投入，比如更多地向慈善机构捐款、志愿帮助他人或采取更多行动减少对环境的影响等，这都表明敬畏对人们的行为有积极的影响。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了敬畏感的定义、对儿童学习动力的影响以及敬畏感在社交层面的积极作用。文章的核心观点是敬畏感的社会作用，尤其是它如何帮助我们摆脱自我中心，而不仅仅局限于早期儿童中的敬畏感知、敬畏在社交媒体时代的作用，或令人敬畏的体验如何推动人们学习。由此可知，短文主要讲的是敬畏的力量驱使我们摆脱自我中心。选项C“ThePowerofAweDrivesUsOutofSelf-center.”能够概括文章主旨，为最佳标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.Thisannualmovementiscalledmigration.____16____OneofthemostwonderfulmigrationsinnatureisthatoftheNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfly.Everyautumn,millionsofthesebeautifulinsectswithfineblackandorangewingsbeginalonganddifficultjourney.Somehowtheymanagetotravelaround4,000kilometressouthandfindtheirwaytoCaliforniaorMexico.____17____AteamofscientistsledbyProfessorEliShlizermanattheUniversityofWashingtonhasnowfoundtheanswer.____18____Itusesitseyestomeasurethepositionofthesun.Thesetwopiecesofinformation—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky-allowthebutterflytodeterminethewaytogo.Eventually,itmanagestoreachtheplaceswhereitwillspendthewinter.____19____Itspopulationhascrashedbyasmuchas90percentinthelastfewyears.Sadly,humanactivityisthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peoplearedestroyingthenaturalenvironment.Theycutdowntreesandusechemicals.thatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillars(毛虫)eat.____20____Peoplehavebeenworkingtogethertorecorditsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforittofeedon.Ifthisworks,theremaycomeatimewhenthenumberofmonarchbutterfliesincreasesonceagain.Themoreweknowaboutthislovelycreature,thegreaterthechanceitwillsurviveandkeepitsplaceinthenaturalworldforalongtimetocome.A.However,untilrecentlynooneknewhowtheydidthis.B.Theyhavefoundoutthatthemonarchisabletotellthetimeofday.C.Theymigratetofindfood,seekapartner,orinsearchofwarmerweather.D.Inrecentyearsithasbecomeevermoreapparentthatmonarchbutterfliesareinrapiddecline.E.Theresearchonthemonarch’sbehaviorhashoweverledtoagreaterawarenessofthiscreature.F.Thesolutiontothemysteryofthemonarch’samazingabilitycomesatatimewhenitisinserioustrouble.G.Theentirejourneyhappensinafewweeksasmonarchsflocktotheskyfortheirunbelievablemigration.【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.F20.E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙及人类活动是导致其数量下降的主要原因，向读者揭示了人与自然和谐共处的意义。【16题详解】根据前文“Thisannualmovementiscalledmigration.(这种年度移动叫做迁徙)”和后文“OneofthemostwonderfulmigrationsinnatureisthatoftheNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfly.(自然界中最奇妙的迁徙之一是北美黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙)”可知，此处对迁徙做出了解释，下文进一步提到了黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙，C项“它们迁徙是为了寻找食物，寻找伴侣，或者寻找温暖的天气”符合语境，进一步解释迁徙。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Everyautumn,millionsofthesebeautifulinsectswithfineblackandorangewingsbeginalonganddifficultjourney.Somehowtheymanagetotravelaround4,000kilometressouthandfindtheirwaytoCaliforniaorMexico.(每年秋天，数以百万计的这些美丽的昆虫，长着黑色和橙色的翅膀，开始了漫长而艰难的旅程。不知何故，它们设法向南行进了大约4000公里，找到了通往加利福尼亚或墨西哥的路)”提到了“beginalonganddifficultjourney”说明这些蝴蝶开始了漫长又艰难的旅行，A项“然而直到最近，没有人知道它们是如何做到这一点的”，对前文蝴蝶如何漫长地迁徙做出了解释，这一行为至今无人知晓，承接了上文。故选A项。【18题详解】根据空后“Itusesitseyestomeasurethepositionofthesun.Thesetwopiecesofinformation—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflytodeterminethewaytogo.(它用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。这两条信息——一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——让蝴蝶决定要走的路)”可知，后文说蝴蝶如何知道每天的时间和路程的方向。B项“他们发现黑脉金斑蝶能够辨别一天中的时间”照应下文thetimeofday，故选B项。【19题详解】空后“Itspopulationhascrashedbyasmuchas90percentinthelastfewyears.(在过去几年里，它的数量锐减了90%。”说明在过去的几年里,它的数量减少了90%。F项“解开黑脉金斑蝶惊人能力之谜的方法出现在它陷入严重麻烦的时候”符合语境，空后是对“inserioustrouble”的解释，故选F项。【20题详解】空后“Peoplehavebeenworkingtogethertorecorditsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforittofeedon.(人们一直共同合作记录它的迁徙，以确保有足够的植物供它食用)”说明了人类为保护黑脉金斑蝶采取的措施，E项“然而，对黑脉金斑蝶行为的研究使人们对这种生物有了更大的认识”符合语境，此处是对保护黑脉金斑蝶采取的保护措施的阐述，故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Leavingtotravelaroundtheworldwassimplythebestdecisionofourlives!Sincethatonedayin2018whenwe____21____aroundabottleofwinetotravelaroundtheworld,ourliveshavebeen____22____transformed.Wetravelled____23____for19monthsfromChinatoSouthAmericaviaSoutheastAsia;wehaddozensof____24____,discoveredplacesthatwouldbe____25____inourmemoriesandgottoknowothercultures.Wefirsttraveledatfullspeed,andthen____26____tojusttakethetime—thetimetotalk,tomeet,thetimethatweoften____27____inourdailylives.ThenwereturnedtoSwitzerland,wefoundgoodjobsinZurich.Itwasabeautiful____28____.And18monthslater,whatwas____29____tohappenhappened!Weresignedagaintoreopentheparenthesis(圆括号)for_____30_____thistime.Sincethenwehavetakenourworkwithusinourbackpacksand_____31_____ourprettySwissapartmentforaway