阅读理解（句意理解1）-中考英语二轮复习（含答案）

专题3：阅读理解(句意理解1)

1.Newrulesandbehaviorstandards(行为规范)formiddleschoolstudentscameoutinMarch.

①Whoarethemostexcellentstudents?©Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethat.Thebest

studentswon*tonlyhavegoodgrades.Theywillalsobekidswhodon*tdyetheirhair,smokeordrink.

Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules.

Haveyouevercopiedothers*workinanexam?Don'tdoitagain!That'snotwhatanhonest

studentshoulddo.Ifyouhaveplayedcomputergamesfortwohoursinyourroom,don'ttellyour

parentsyouhavedoneyourhomework.

Domoreatschool.

④好学生热爱动物，关心他人。AprilisBird-LovingmonthinChina.Isyourschooldoing

anythingtocelebrateit?Youshouldjoin!Inthatway,youcanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandlearnto

protectthem.Andwhenyourclassmatesareintrouble,remembertogivethemahand.Youknowa

friendinneedisafriendindeed.

UsetheInternetcarefully.

Tryto⑤awayfromWebpagesthatarebadforyou.FindgoodWebsitesandusethem

forhomework.

Beopentonewideas.

Haveyoueverthoughtthatpeoplecouldliveonthemoon?Maybeyoucandiscoveranew

planetsomeday.Don*tlookdownonnewideas.@Youshouldwelcomethem,becausenewideas

makelifebetterforeveryone.

(1)在横线上填写一词，使文中①、②句合并为一句。

Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethemostexcellentstudentsare.

(2)()选出文中③处的主题句。

A.Don*tcheatinexams.

B.Neverplaycomputergames.

C.Tellthetruth.

D.Doyourhomework!

(3)将文中④翻译成英语。

(4)在文中⑤处填写一个单词，使句意完整、上下文通顺。

(5)将文中⑥处翻译成汉语。

2.Wouldyouliketoimproveyourself?Wouldyouliketobeabetterperson?Goodnews!Here

we*vegotSometipsforyou.

Tip1BeKind

Remembertobekindtoyourself.Youcandosimplethingstotakecareofyourself,likegetting

enoughsleeptomakeyourselfenergetic.Ifyoudon'tdolikethat,youwillnotbringanythinggoodto

anyoneelse.Whenyoudecidetoshowmorekindnesstoyourselfandtoothers,lifechangesquickly

inabetterway.

Tip2BeEncouraging

It'samazingwhatakindwordortouchcando.WhenIwasakid,Iwenttoalotofschools.It

alwaysmademescared,andIwasverynervousandunsureofmyself.Onetime,ateachertouched

myheadandsaid,smiling,"Don'tworry-you'llhaveagoodtimewithusinthisclassroom."Istill

remembermyteacher'swords.

Allofusmaycomeacrosssometroubleinourlife,andabitofencouragementcanbe

rememberedforyears.

Tip3

WhenmysisterandIwerekids,mymumdidn'thaveacarandourschoolwasa30-minutewalk.

Ourneighbourofferedtodriveustoschoolwhenshedroppedhersonoff,andthatsavedmymother

alotoftime.Givinghelptootherscanbringyouhappiness.

Whenthinkingabouthowtobecomeabetterperson,rememberthatsmallchangesarealso

important.But"bekindtoyourself*comesfirst.Astheoldsayinggoes,"Youcan'tpourfroman

emptycup."Soinordertobeapersonwhocangivemorelovetothisworld,youhavetofallinlove

withyourselffirst.

（1）Theunderlinedword"It"inTip2refersto（指的是）.

A.goingtoalotofschoolsB.gettingalongwithclassmates

C.talkingwithateacherD.stayingintheclassroom

（2）WhatcanbethebesttitleforTip3?

A.BeHelpfulB.BePoliteC.BeOutgoingD.BeHonest

（3）Theunderlinedsentence"Youcan'tpourfromanemptycup."inthelastparagraphmeans

A.Toencourageothers,smiletothemoften

B.Tobecomeabetterperson,startwithsmallchanges

C.Togivemorelovetotheworld,bekindtoyourselffirst

D.Tomakefriendswithneighbours,drivetheirkidstoschool

3.Christie*siswell-knownforsellingexpensive,one-of-a-kindthings.However,itslatestoffering

isexactly"outofthisworld".OnApril30,2020,theBritishauctionhouse（拍卖行）announcedthat

thefifth-largestchunk（块）oftheMoon-a29-pound（13.5-kilogram）rocknamedNWA12691一was

beingofferedforprivatesalefora"reasonable"$2.5million!

"Pvebeenluckyenoughtodealwithafewlunarmeteorites（月球陨石）atChristie'soverthe

years,buteverytimeIseethisspecimen（标本）inthestore,thesheersizeofitbowlsmeover.

Weighingover13.5kg,itissomuchlargerthananythingelsethathaseverbeenofferedbefore,"

JamesHyslop,Christie'sHeadofScience&NaturalHistorysaid.nTheexperienceofholdingapiece

ofanotherworldinyourhandsissomethingyouneverforget."

Incaseyouarewondering,thespecimenisnotfromthe842poundsofmoonrocksNASA

astronautsbroughtbackduringthesixApollomissions.ThosebelongtotheUSgovernmentandare

safeinastoreroomattheJohnsonSpaceCentreinHouston,Texas.Instead,NWA12691isoneofthe

30lunarmeteoritesthatlandedonEarth,hundredsorthousandsofyearsago,whenaplanethitthe

Moonandcausedchunksofitssurfacetobreakoff.

Researcherswereabletofindouttherocks*origins(来源)byexaminingtheirmineraland

chemistry.Forexample,manyofthecommonmineralsfoundonEartharerareorabsentontheMoon,

whilesomelunarmineralsarenotfoundonEarth.

NWA12691,whichisbiggerthananysinglepiecebroughtbackbyNASAastronauts,wasfound

in2018intheareaaroundtheWesternSaharan,Algerian,andMauritanianborders.Afterbeinglisted

aslunarrock,itwasboughtforasecretpricebyDr.LawrenceStifler,aprivatecollectorwhoownsat

leastfiveotherlunarchunks,includingthelargestone,whichweighs128pounds(58kilograms)!

(1)WhatdoesJamesmeanbysaying“thesheersizeofitbowlsmeover*123inParagraph2?

A.Jamesissurprisedatthebigsizeofthechunk.

B.ThespecimenistooheavyforJamestocarry.

C.NWA12691isthebiggestlunarmeteoriteJameshaseverseen.

D.JamesthinksholdingthespecimenisliketouchingtheMoon.

(2)WhatisthetruefactaboutNWA12691mentioned?

A.Someoneboughtitfor$2.5million.

B.Peoplewerenotsurprisedatitsauctionprice.

C.ItwasthelargestonebroughtbackbyNASAastronauts.

D.ItwasproducedbythehitbetweentheMoonandanotherplanet.

(3)Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SpecialThingsSellinginChristie*s

B.HowMuchIstheChunkoftheMoon

C.ABigChunkoftheMoonJustCameUpforSale

D.TheBigSizeandExpensivePriceofLunarMeteorites

（4）Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoumostprobablyfindthispassage?

A.EntertainmentandEconomics.B.SpaceandScience.

C.CultureandCustom.D.SportsandGames.

4.Honestyisagoodthing,butdoesMotherNatureagree?Animalscan*ttalk,butcantheyliein

otherways?

Animalexpertsmaynotcallitlying,buttheydoagreethatmanyanimals,frombirdsto

chimpanzees（黑猩猩），behavedishonestlytofoolotheranimals.Why?Dishonestyoftenhelpsthem

survive.

Manykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranimals.Forexample,abirdcalledthe

ploversometimespretends（假装）tobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung.Whenapredator（猎食动物）

getsclosetoitsnest,theploverleadsthepredatorawayfromthenest.How?Itpretendstohavea

brokenwing.Thepredatorfollowsthe"hurt"adult,leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.

Anotherkindofbird,thescrubjay,hidesitsfoodsoitalwayshassomethingtoeat.Scrubjays

arealsothieves.Theywatchwhereothershidetheirfoodandstealit.Butcleverscrubjaysseemto

knowthatathiefiswatchingthem.Sotheygobacklater,digthefood,andhideitagainsomewhere

else.

Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandto

theother.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butan

animalexpertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner'shandandstartfightingagain.

Chimpsaresneakyinotherways,too.Whenchimpsfindfoodthattheylove,suchasbananasit

isnaturalforthemtocryout.Thenotherchimpscomerunning.Butsomecleverchimpslearntocry

verysoftlywhentheyfindfood.Thatway,otherchimpsdon'thearthem,andtheydon'tneedtoshare

theirfood.

Aschildren,manyofuslearnthesayingnYoucan'tfoolMotherNatureButmaybeyoucan't

trusther,either.

(1)Aploverprotectsitsyoungfromapredatorby.

A.gettingclosertoitsyoungB.drivingawaytheadultpredator

C.leavingitsyounginanothernestD.pretendingtobehurt

(2)By''Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.",thewritermeans.

A.chimpsarereadytoattackothers

B.chimpsaresometimesdishonest

C.chimpsenvythewinnersofthefight

D.chimpscanalsobeselfish

(3)Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Alltheanimalssurvivebyfoolingotheranimals.

B.Somecleverscrubjaysoftenstealtheirfoodback.

C.Somechimpslowertheircrytokeepfoodawayfromothers.

D.Thelosingchimpwonthefightbytakingthewinner'shand.

(4)Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Doanimalslie?

B.DoesMotherNaturefoolanimals?

C.Howdoanimalslearntolie?

D.Howdoeshonestyhelpanimalssurvive?

5.Therearemomentsinourliveswhenwe*rejustleftinawe(敬畏).Forme,thesemoments

includewhenIfoundoutthatJupiteris121.9timesbiggerthantheEarth,andthatQomolangma,the

Earth'shighestmountain——ifthrownintotheoceanupsidedown-wouldn*tbelargeenoughtofillthe

MarianaTrench(马里亚纳海沟),thedeepestplaceontheEarth.

Butnoneofthesemomentscomparestothisone:whenscientistsrevealed(公布)thefirst-ever

pictureofablackholeonApril10,2019.

Whatyouseeinthepicturemightbeonlyanorangering——ablurry（模糊的）bitoforangering

even-butitisinfactablackholeandis55millionlight-yearsfromtheEarth.Andit'sbiggerthan

anythingweknowof.TheSundoesn'tevenbegintocomparewithit.Itsmass（质量）is6.5billion

timesthatofourstar.

Itgotmewondering:Howmanymoreblackholesarethere?Whatliesanother100million,or

1,000million,light-yearsaway?Andwhatdoesthesizeoftheuniversemeantous-tinybeingsona

tinyplanet?

Butdon'tgetmewrong.Thenewsisn'tsupposedtobediscouragingatall.Afterall,itisin

contrast（对比）tothesizeoftheuniversethathumanbeingscanseehowmuchthey'veachieved.

Justthinkaboutit:we'reflesh-and-bloodcreatures,andyetwemanagedtoextend（延伸）our

sightbybuildingtelescopesthat"see"millionsoflight-yearsaway.Thesetelescopesarelocatedin

eightplacesaroundtheworld,andscientistsfrom20countriesworkedtogetherfortwoyearsto

processallthedatabeforefinallybringingtheimagetous.

It'struethatwetendtofeelaweinthefaceofforcesthataremuchbiggerthanus.Butperhaps

weshouldholdourselvesinaweaswell,forallthatwetinyhumanbeingshavelearnedaboutthe

universe.

（1）Whatawedthewritermostwasthemomentwhen.

A.heknewthatJupiteris121.9timesbiggerthantheEarth

B.heknewQomolangmaisthehighestmountainontheEarth

C.hefoundouttheMarianaTrenchisthedeepestplaceontheEarth

D.thefirst-everpictureofablackholewasrevealedin2019

（2）Whatdoweknowabouttheblackholeaccordingtothepassage?

A.Itisthebiggestblackholeintheuniverse.

B.Itsmassis6.5billiontimesthatoftheSun.

C.It'sanorangeringwhichlooksabitblurry.

D.It's55millionlight-yearsawayfromtheSun.

（3）Accordingtothepassage,thewriter.

A.iscuriousabouttheblackholeintheuniverse

B.wantstoliveonabiggerplanetintheuniverse

C.thinkshumansaren'tabletoexploreouterspace

D.issuretherearemoreblackholesintheuniverse

(4)Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying"Thenewsisn'tsupposedtobediscouragingatall."?

A.Thewriterisproudofhumanbeingsthoughwe'retiny.

B.Humanbeingsaretootinytogainlargeachievements.

C.Mancanlearnmoreabouttheuniversethroughtelescopes.

D.Humanbeingshavelearnedalotabouttheblackhole.

6.Menhavealwayswonderedabouttheearththeyliveonandthe①abovethem.

Whenearlymenlookedatthenightsky,theyaskedthemselvesalotofquestions.Theylookedat

themoon,andwonderedwhatthisstrangebrightobjectintheskywas.Theydidnotunderstandwhy

itchangeditsshapefromnighttonight.Theylookedatthestarsandplanets.Theyalsowondered

whysomeofthemchangedtheirpositions,whileothersdidnot.

②他们也思考地球的形状。Mostearlypeoplebelievedtheearthwasflat.

③Indifferentpartsoftheworld,thereweredifferentideasabouttheuniverse.Theancient

Greekswerethefirstpeopletostudytheuniversemorescientifically.InthesixthcenturyBC

Pythagorasputforwardtheideathattheworldwasround.However,hecouldnotexplainwhypeople

atthebottomoftheworlddidnotfalloff.

Itwasnotuntilthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturiesthatscientistsfoundtheanswerstosome

importantquestions.④WiththehelpofGalileo'stelescope,peoplecouldseetheskymoreclearly,

andfindthepositionsofthestarsandplanets.Finallyin1665,IsaacNewtonexplainedtotheworld

whatgravity(重力)wasandpeopleatlastunderstoodwhytheydidnotfallofftheearth.

(1)在文中①处填写一个单词，使得句意完整、上下文通顺。

(2)Whatquestionsdidearlymenaskthemselveswhentheylookedatthenightsky?Writedown

oneofthem.

(3)将文中②句翻译成英语。

(4)将文中③句翻译成汉语。

(5)写出文中④句的同义句，每空限填一词。

Galileo'stelescopemadeforpeopletoseetheskymoreclearly,andtofindthe

positionsofthestarsandplanets.

7.Thewinter'sfirstsnowmademostkidshappy,butnotforTom.Afterschoolhecamehomewith

anunhappylookonhisface,"Tom,it'ssnowing,'1saidhismother,"Iknow,"Tomreplied.

"TomorrowisSaturday,andtherewillbe①ntodo.”

Tomlovedtobeoutsideduringsummer.Helovedswimming,hiking,andridinghisbike.②W

thewinter'sfirstsnowcame,Tomwasalwayssad.Hecouldn'tswim,hike,orridehisbike.

Tom'smotherknewhewasunhappy.③她尽力用曲奇饼使他感觉好点儿。Itonlytookhima

fewminutestoeatthemup,andthenhisunhappyfacereturned.

Thenextmorningtheirdoorbellrang——itwasPenny,theirneighbor.④SheaskedTomtogo

outsidetomakeasnowmanwithher.Tomwrinkled(皱起)hisnose,"Yes,yes,Tomwouldliketo

go,"hismothersaidandsenthimoutwithPenny.

PennyandTommadeaverylargesnowman.ThenPennytookouttwopairsofsnowshoes.They

putonthesnowshoesandwentforawalkthroughthetreesbehindthehouse.Atlast,theymetsome

friendsandwentsledding(滑雪橇)together.

WhenTomcamehomeforlunch,hisunhappyfacewasgone.

(1)根据首字母提示，在①②处填写恰当的单词，使句子完整。

®n②W

(2)将文中画线句子③翻译成英语。

(3)将文中画线句子④翻译成汉语。

(4)whatdaywasit"today"?

(5)HowdidTomfeelatlast?

8.IlivewithmygrandmotherinaBeijingyardhouse.Onedaylastyear,Iwassurprisedtoseea

foreignercomingoutofthehousenextdoortoours.Hewasverytallwithbrownhairandapairof

glasses.

ThefirsttimeIsawhim,Iwastooshytospeaktohim,"MyEnglishistoobad!"Ithought.①我

的祖母告诉我说他刚搬进我们的院内。"Idon'tlikehim,"shesaid."Foreignersaren'tlikeus.

Maybehe'llplayloudmusicandhavepartieseverynight!I'msurehe'sgoingtocausetrouble."

Severaldayslater,ImettheforeignerasIwaswalkinghomeafterwork."Hello!"hesaid,nMy

nameisTony.Pvejustmovedintothehousenextdoortoyours."WhileIwaswonderingwhattosay,

hecontinued,“There'sanicebardowntheroad.Whydon'tyouandyourfamilycometothebarand

havedinnerwithme?""Barsarebadplaces."saidmygrandmotherwhenItoldher,butwedecidedto

go.

②ThebarwasnotatallwhatIhadexpected.Itwasinabeautifullittleyardhouse,withseveral

largebookshelvesandpicturesofTibetonthewalls.SeveralChinesepeopleandforeignerswere

sittingdrinkingorreadingbooks.InoticedthatsomeoftheforeignerswerespeakingChineseina

lowvoicetoeachother."Oh,whatacivilized(文明的)place!"saidmygrandmother.

Thebarservedspecial"hutongpizzas'*.Asweate,Tonytoldusabouthimself-heisanexpert

(专家)inenvironment.Healwayslikestobequiet.Mygrandmothersaidtome,nHereallyseems

likeaveryniceyoungman."Yes,Tonyismynewneighbor,aniceforeigner.

(1)将①句译成英文。

(2)将②句译成中文。

(3)从文中找出与下列句子意思相近的句子:

WhenIdidn'tknowwhatIshouldsay,headded,H..."

（4）Whatdoestheforeignerlooklike?

（5）用文中词汇概括短文主题。

MontgomeryCountyYouthService

Workshop（研讨会）ofAnger（愤怒）Control

2:00p.m.-5:00p.m.Tuesday,March2nd,2021orTuesday,April20th,2021

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AngerManagement101

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LAMPHealthCenter

ThursdayWorkshop

Doyougetangrywhenyourkidsmaketheirroomsinamessagain?Doyougetangrywhenyour

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(1)WorkshopofAngerControlwillbeheld.

A.onceB.twiceC.threetimesD.fourtimes

(2)YoucandoallthefollowinginWorkshopatLAMPEXCEPT.

A.tolearnaboutraisinghappykids

B.tohavealightdinner

C.toknowmoreaboutchildrenmedicalcare

D.tolearnusefulangermanagementskills

(3)ThursdayWorkshopismainlyfor.

A.unhappyandboredhusbandsB.angryandtiredwivesormothers

C.nervousandunhappyteenagersD.worriedandnervousparents

(4)Ifyouwanttojoinafreeworkshop,youshouldgoto

A.101CenterB.YouthServiceCenter

C.UnitedWayServiceCenterD.Women'sHealthCenter

(5)Theworkshopsdealwith.

A.familyproblemsB.studyproblems

C.angerproblemsD.childcareproblems

9.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。

Everycarbuyerwillchoosethecolourhelikesbest.Whydoeshechoosethiscolourinsteadof

anotherone?Thatisdecidedbyalotoffactorssuchashisage,hisfamily'sfutureplan,thecar*ssize

andeventheculturalandlocalinfluences.Yetonecolour——silver(专艮色)——hasstooduptothetime.

That'swhyyoucanseesomanysilvercarsrunninginstreets,anditcontinuestobethecolourthatis

usedinalmosteverycarfactory.Arecentstudyshowsthatsilver,thoughlosingmarketshare(份额)，

isstillthefirstcolourofchoiceinAmerica,EuropeandAsia.

Silverisalsoverypopularinsomesportscars.Evenifsilverisn'tthefirstchoice,it'sprobablythe

second.Whyissilversopopular?Maybethecolourrepresentsmodemlife.Also,silvercanmake

carslookwonderfulinshape.Withdarkcolours,it'sdifficulttoseetheshape.Whitedoesn'tdoit

either.

It'salsopractical.Silver,likealotoflightcolours,hidesdirt.

Grey,blue,white,whitepearl(珍珠白)，blackandredaretheothercoloursmostpreferredbycar

buyersinthemarket.Thestudyalsoshowsthatcarproducershavediscoverednewcoloursthathave

becomepopularamongcarbuyers,suchasthenew,darkblueorwarm,lightbrown.

Carcoloursnowhavesuchagreateffectthattheyeveninfluenceothermarkets*colourchoicessuch

asclothingandfurnituremarkets.

(1)Itseemsthatdecideswhatcolourhewillchoose.

A.acarbuyer'sageB.acarbuyer'sculture

C.acarbuyer'sfamilyplanD.alloftheabove

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"stooduptothetime"mean?

A.机不可失，时不再来。B.一寸光阴一寸金。

C.经受得住时间的考验。D.失去的时间不可复得。

(3)Whatcanweknowfromparagraphtwo?

A.Silverhaslittlemarketshare.

B.Silverislosingsomemarketshare.

C.Silverkeepsunchangedinmarketshare.

D.Silverisgettingmoreandmoremarketshare.

(4)aretheothercoloursmostpreferredbycarbuyers.

A.Green,redandwhiteB.Grey,redandviolet

C.Grey,blackandpinkD.Grey,blueandwhitepearl

(5)WhichsentenceisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Silvercanmakecarslookwonderfulinshape.

B.PeopleinAmericaandAfricaarefondofsilverbest.

C.Thoughlosingsomemarketshare,silverisstillverypopular.

D.Carcoloursevenhaveaneffectontheclothingmarket.

答案

一、阅读理解题(共10题)

(1)who

(2)C

(3)Goodstudentsloveanimalsandcareaboutothers.

(4)stay/keep/be

(5)你(们)应该欢迎新的想法，因为它们使每个人的生活变得更加美好。

(1)A

(2)A

(3)C

(1)本文是一篇说明文。怎样提高自己？如何成为更优秀的人？作者就此给出了三条建议。

本文指出尤为重要的是要善待自己。

代词指代题。It指代前面的“wenttoalotofschools”,A项符合语境。故选A。

(2)推理判断题。根据Tip3下的内容可知，本段主要讲的是作者的邻居帮忙送作者和姐姐

上学，从而为他们的母亲节省了许多时间，对此他明白了乐于助人能使人快乐的道理。故选

Ao

(3)句意理解题。你无法从空杯子里倒出水来。根据最后一段最后一句Soinordertobea

personwhocangivemorelovetothisworld,youhavetofallinlovewithyourselffirst.可知，要想

成为一个能给这个世界更多爱的人，你必须先爱上你自己。结合选项可知，C项“要想给予这

个世界更多的爱，首先要善待自己”与画线句意思相近，故选Co

3.

(1)A

⑵D

(3)C

(4)B

(1)本文是一篇说明文。

句意猜测题。根据下文Weighingover13.5kg,itissomuchlargerthananythingelsethathasever