阅读理解（记叙文）-2025年中考英语专项复习（解析版）

专题11阅读理解（记叙文）

考情聚焦

课标要求

近三年全国中考针对记叙文的考察除了事实细节题的考察外，对于主旨大意题的考察也是很抢眼的一部分，

尤其是最合适的题目，以及文章的主要内容或者写作用途，以及文章出处等，都是考点增加趋势。

考点

1.话题分类；

2.事实细节和主旨大意题；

3.关键词的把握；

考向

考向一：阅读理解体裁分类

1.（2024年云南中考真题）

根据短文内容，判断正误（正确“T"，错误“F”）。

Everyoneshouldbeproudofwhotheyare.Whatmakesyouwhoyouare?Partofwhoyouarecomesfromthepast.

Itcomesfromthecultureofyourparents,grandparents,andpeoplebeforethem.Itcomesfromtheartyousee,the

storiesandmusicyouhear,andthetraditionsyoushare.

TraditionalChinesepaintingisoneoftheoldestartformsintheworld.Itusuallyshnatureandlife,Itmainly

includesthreekinds:landscapes（山水），flowersandbirds,asthehighestformofChinesepaintingoTraditional

Chinesefolkstoriesarepartofourhistory.TheyusuallycarrysomeinformationaboutChinesebeliefs（信念）and

traditions.ManytraditionalfolkstoriessuchasYuGongMovestheMountains,HouYiShoottheSuns,Chang'e

FliestotheMoon,arepasseddownfromonegenerationtothenext.Peopletellthesestoriesteach,toremember

andjusttopasstheTraditionalChinesemusicisatreasureoftheChinesenation.Itisamedium（媒介）forthe

ancientpeopletoexpresstheirfeelings,experiencesandthoughtsandisstillmuchlovedbypeoplesofar.

Dragonboatshaveahistoryofmoretan2,000years,DragonboatracingisapopulartraditioninChina.

Racersmustworktogethertowin,Todaydragonboatracinghasbecomeamodernworldsport.

1.PeopleregardthepaintingofflowersandbirdsasthehighestformofChinesepainting

2.TraditionalChinesefolkstoriescangiveussomeinformationaboutChinesebeliefsandtraditions

3.TheancientChinesecanexpresstheirfeelings,experiencesandthoughtsthroughtraditionalChinesemusic

4.Teamworkisveryimportantinadragonboatracing

5.ThepassagemainlytalksabouttraditionalChinesefestivals

【答案】l.F2.T3.T4.T5.F

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍中国古代的一些文化。

[1题详解】

细节理解题。根据“LandscapepaintingisseenasthehighestformofChinesepainting.v可知，山水画被视为中

国画的最高形式，而不是花鸟画。故选F

[2题详解】

细节理解题。根据“TraditionalChinesefolkstoriesarepartofourhistory.Theyusuallycarrysome

informationaboutChinesebeliefs（信念）andtraditions”可知，山水画被视为中国画的最高形式，中国传统民间

故事是我们历史的一部分，它们通常带有一些关于中国信仰和传统的信息。故选T。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据uTraditionalChinesemusicisatreasureoftheChinesenation.Itisamedium（媒介）for细节

理解题。根据"TraditionalChinesemusicisatreasureoftheChinesenation.Itisamedium（媒介）fortheancient

peopletoexpresstheirfeelings,experiencesandthoughts”可知，中国传统音乐是古人表达感情、经历和思想的

媒介，故选To

[4题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Racersmustworktogethertowin”可知，选手们必须齐心协力才能获得赛龙舟的胜利。

故选T。

[5题详解】

主旨大意题。本文主要介绍中国古代的一些文化，而不是节日，故选F.

中考新考法

根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

Monet'sGardens

FollowinMonet'sfootstepsandenjoyyourselvesinMonetsGardens.Hereissomeusefulinformationabout

planningavisittoMonetsGardens.

Onlineticketing

Ticketscanbeboughtonline.SalestartsfromSunday,May12th,2024

Openingtimes

MonetsGardensareopeneverydayfiromMarch29th,2024toNovember1st,2024.

from9:30amto6:00pm.Thelatestentry（进入）is5:30pm.

Prices

Adults:11€

Childrenover7andstudents:€6.50

Childrenunder7:free

Safety

Petsarenotallowed.

Picnic,painting,anddrawingarenotallowed

Bagsoverthesizeof55cmx35cmx20cmarenotallowed.

6.WhencanpeoplebegintobuyticketstoMonet'sGardensonline?

A.OnMay1st,2024.

C.OnMarch29th,2024.

B.OnMay12th,2024.

D.OnNovember1st,2024

7.HowmanyhoursareMonet'sGardensopeneveryday?

A.6.5hours.

B.7.5hours.

C.8.5hours.

D.9.5hours

8.IfMr.LeeandMrs.Leewiththeir6-year-oldsonvisitMonet*sGardens,howmuchshouldtheypay?

A.€ll.

B.€17.50.

C.€22.

D.€28.50.

9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.YoucantakepetsintoMonet'sGardens.

B.Youcan'thaveapicnicinMonet*sGardens

C.Youcantakeabagoverthesizeof55cmx35cmx20cm.

D.Youcan'tenterMonetsGardensat5:00pmonopeningdays

10.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.TolistthereasonsforvisitingMonet'sGardens

B.TointroducedifferentactivitiesinMonetsGardens

C.TocomparedifferentpricesofvisitingMonetsGardens

D.TogivesomeinformationaboutvisitingMonetsGardens

【答案】6.B7.C8.C9.B10.D.

【解析】

【导语】本文主要提供一些参观莫奈花园的信息

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据uTicketscanbeboughtonline.SalestartsfromSunday,May12th,

出售从2024年5月12日开始。故选B„

[7题详解】

细节理解题。根据“from9:30amto6:00pm.”可知，开放时长8.5小时，故选C。

[8题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Adults:€11"和"Childrenunder7:free”可知，成人票€11,7岁以下儿童免费，所以

李先生和李先生太太带着他们6岁的儿子参观莫奈花园应该付11+11+0-22=故选Co

[9题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Picnic,painting,anddrawingarenotallowed."可知，禁止野餐、绘画和素描。故选B

[10题详解】

主旨大意题。本文主要提供一些参观莫奈花园的信息，故选D。

新题特训

1.LiuLinghasbeenateacherforhearing-impaired（听力受损的）childrenfor33years.Herfirstcommunication

withhearing-impairedpeoplewaswithherneighbor,Mrs.Wang.Oneday,whenLiuwasplayinginherhouse,

Wangusedsignlanguage（手语）tocommunicatewithher.ButLiucouldn'tunderstand.Wang*shusbandtoldLiu

thatMrs.Wangwantedtomakeherascarf.

“Iwasmovedbyherkindness,andthoughtitwouldbegreatifshecouldspeak,"Liusaid,“soIdecidedto

becomeateacherforhearing-impairedstudents.,Atfirst,Liualmostgaveupbecauseofdifficulties.Shethen

thoughtaboutherneighborandthepainonhead.Liusticktoherdreamshewastryingtosay.

facewhenshecouldnotmakepeopleunderstandwhatshewastryingtosay.ThatmadeLiusticktoherdream

（beinga“'specialeducation"teacherandshesucceeded.Althoughshewasonly18atthattime,sheregardedthe

studentsasherchildren.Everyday,shespentmuctimeteachingthemtospeak.Oneofherstudents,JiangYan,said

Liuwouldshowover100timeshowtospeakjustoneword.Shealsotaughtthestudentshowtowashtheirface

andclothes,andcliptheirnails（剪指甲）.

LiuLingputlotsofeffortstohelpthemlivebetter,too.Withherhelpandencouragement,anotherstudentLiuHan

xiangcouldcommunicatenormallywithothers.LiuHanxianglearneddancingandisamemherofanartgroup

now.

ThankstoLiu'sdevotion（奉献），morethan20studentshavereceivedhighereducation."Whenevertheytriedto

say'mom'or'dad'forthefirsttime,Ifeltitwasthesweetestsoundintheworld?LiuLingsaid,WhydidLiu

11.Lingdecidetobecomeateacherof“specialeducation”?

A.Becauseshewasinterestedinsignlanguage.

B.Becauseshewantedtobeasuccessfulteachet

C.Becauseshewasmovedbyherneighbor'skindness

D.BecauseshewantedtohelpWang*shusbandtospeak

12.WhatdidLiuLingteachherstudentstodoaccordingtoparagraph4?

a.Speak,b.Learnart.c.Clipnails.d.Washfaceandclothes.

A.a,b,c.

B.a,b,d.

C.b,c,d.

D.a,c,d.

13.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.JiangYandanceswellandisamemberofanartgroupnow

B.LiuHanxiangadvisedLiuLinglitocommunicatewithothers.

C.LiuLingmakesgreateffortstohelpherstudentstolivebetter.

D.Lessthan20ofLiuLingli'sstudentshavegothighereducation

14.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiuLing?

A.Devoted.B.Honest.C.QuietD.Lucky

15.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyouprobablyreadthetext?

A.people.B.SciencetC.Sports.D.Travel.

【答案】U.C12.D13.C14.A15.A

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍听障儿童教师刘玲的事迹。

[11题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Iwasmovedbyherkindness,andthoughtitwouldbegreatifshecouldspeak...so1decidedto

becomeateacherforhearing-impairedstudents.可知，刘玲被邻居的善良感动了，所以想成为，名“特殊

教育”教师。故选Co

[12题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Everyday,shespentmuchtimeteachingthemtospeak...healsotaughtthestudentshowtwash

theirfaceandclothes,andcliptheirnails（剪指甲）可知，刘玲教学生们说话，洗脸,洗衣服，剪指甲。故选

Do

[13题详解】

细节理解题。根据“LiuLingputlotsofeffortstohelpthemlivebetter,too.可知，刘玲涮付出了很多努力来

帮助他们生活得更好。故选Co

[14题详解】

推理判断题。根据“ThankstoLiu*sdevotion（奉献）,morethan20studentshavereceivedhighereducation.可

知，刘玲是一个有奉献精神的人，故选Ao

【15题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍听障儿童教师刘玲的事迹，所以推测可能在人物版块看到这篇文

章，故选A.

2.阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

SaraandJackhelpedtheirmotherandfatherworkonthefarm.Theygotfoodanddrinkfromthefarm.

Saragotwaterfromthestream.Jackgoteggsfromthehens.Saragotapplesfromthetrees.Jackgotcomfromthe

field.Saragotmilkfromthecow.AfterSaraandJackworked,theywentintothehouse

Whenitgotdarkatnight:hadlight,ThenMothertoldthefamilysomenews.

'Thereisanewfoodcalledicecream,"Mothersaid."Butsomepeoplecallitcreamice."Thewholefamilysmiled.

Thefamilythoughtthatcreamicewasafunnynameforafood,“'Canwetrysomeicecream,Mother?"askedJack

,Weneediceandmilktomakeit,"saidMother.nWehavetowaituntilwinterwhenitsnows.Thenwewillgetice.

SaraandJackcouldn'twaituntilwintersothattheycouldtryicecream

16.WheredidSaraandJackhelptheirmotherandfatherwork?

A.InthehotelB.Onthefarm.C.Inthecinema.D.Onthetrain.

17.WheredidSaragetwater?

A.Fromthecow.B.Fromthefield.

C.FromthestreamD.Fromthetrees

18.Whenthehousehadlight,Mothertothefamily.

A.showedsomephotos

B.sangsomesongse

C.readsomepoems

D.toldsomenews

19.Whatdidthefamilythinkofthenameofcreamice?

A.ItwasfunnyB.Itwaseasy.

C.Itwashelpful.D.Itwascommon.

20.Whatdidtheyneedtomakeicecream?

A.Sugarandeggs.B.IceandmilkC.Applesandcorn.D.Milkandmeat.

【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.A20.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了萨拉和杰克在农场帮助父母工作的情况，以及他们对新食物冰淇

淋的期待。

[16题详解】

细节理解题。根据"SaraandJackhelpedtheirmotherandfatherworkonthefarm."可知，萨拉和杰克在农场

帮助他们的父母工作。故选Bo

[17题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Saragotwaterfromthestream."可知，萨拉从小溪中获取水。故选C.

[18题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Whenitgotdarkatnight...ThenMothertoldthefamilysomenews.”可知，当房子有光时,

母亲告诉了家人们一些消息。故选D。

[19题详解】

细节理解题。根据^Thefamilythoughtthatcreamicewasafunnynameforafood.??可知，家人们认为冰淇淋

这个名字很有趣。故选Ao

[20题详解】

细节理解题。根据WeneediceandmilktomakeIC可知，制作冰淇淋需要冰和牛奶。故选B.

3.LastJuly,myfamilytookaholidayinavillage.Westayedthereforfivedaysandenjoyedourselveseveryday.

However,whenwewenthomebytrain,my6-year-oldsonfoundhisfavoriteballwaslost.Theballwasagiftfrom

hisbestfriend,soIknewwhatitmeanttohim.Icalledthehotelwhichwestayedin,buttheysaid,“Sorry.Noone

hasfoundalostballhere."Mysonwasverysad.

Oneweeklater,wereceivedaboxfromthehotel.Mysoncouldn'twaittoopenit.Hewasveryhappytoseehis

ballinthebox.Iwasgladthatthehotelhelpedusfindtheballintheend

根据语篇内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的填“T"，错误的填“F”。

21.MyfamilytookaholidayinavillagelastJuly.

22.Myson*sfavoriteballwasagiftfromhisteacher

23.Wereceivedaboxfromthehoteloneweeklater

24.Mysonwasveryhappytoseehisballinthebox.

25.1wasgladthat1foundtheballbymyselfintheend

【答案】21.T22.F23.T24.T25.F

【解析】【导语】本文作者介绍去年七月跟家人去村庄度假的经历。

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据“LastJuly,myfamilytookaholidayinavillage.”可知，去年七月，我们全家去一个村庄度假。

故选T。

[22题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Theballwasagitfh)mhisbestfhend”可知，这个球是他最好的朋友送他的礼物，而不是

老师送的，故选F。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Oneweeklater,wereceivedaboxftomthehotel.""可知，一个星期后，我们从旅馆收到了一

个箱子。故选T。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Hewasveryhappytoseehisballinthebox.”可知，他很高兴看到他的球在盒子里。故选T。

【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Iwasgladthatthehotelhelpedusfindtheballintheend."可知，我很高兴酒

店最后帮我们找到了球，而不是我自己找到的。故选F。

4.Bettylivedinasmalltown.Beautifulflowerswereseeneverywhereinthetown.Becauseoftheshyness.Betty

juststoodwithfewwordsinpublic.Theshygirlhardlytalkedtopeopleinsocialactivities.Shewasoften

consideredasaguietgirlinthecommunity.Shefeltlikeawallflowerandwonderedifshewouldgounnoticedall

thetime.

However,herclosestfriend.Fiona,wascompletelydifferent.Fionalovedtocommunicatewithothersand

encouragedBettytochange.ShetoldBettythatlifewasn'talwaysasbeautifulasroseandeveryonewasableto

makeitfullofroses.

WiththeencouragementofFiona,Bettybegantochange.Insteadofbeingawallflower,shestartedattendinga

communitytheaterclass.Shetookanactivepartinactinginthetheatergroup.Hergiftforactingbegantoshine.

However,newdifficultieswereneverfaraway.OneofBetty'sfriendsbecameathroninherside.Theclassmate

wasnotsatisfiedwithherachievements,butBettymanagedtoshowherselfandbecamefiriendswiththeclassmate.

Allthechangesmadeherfeelfresheveryday.

Betty*shardworkpaidoffwhenthetown'sfamousdirector,Mr.Johnson,watchedoneofherplays.Heliked

heractingsomuchthatheofferedhertheleadroleinhisnewplay.Betty'smomentarrived.Peoplewerehappyto

watchhershow.

Finally,Bettybecameaconfident（自信的）girl.Herchangewaslikeabeautifulroseinfullflower.She

encounteredmanydifficultieswhichtaughtherthatthere*snorosewithoutathorn.Butthosethornshelpedher

developherabilities.Bettyproved（iE明）thatpersonalchangeswerepossibleforanyone.

根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。

36.WhydidBettystandwithfewwordsinpublic?

A.Becauseshewasshy.

B.Becauseshewasgreat

C.Becauseshewastidy

37.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Betty'sencouragement..

B.Betty*schanges.

C.Betty'sgiftforacting.

38.Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromParagraph4?

A.Johnsonwasgoodatwriting

B.Directorsoftenactinplays.

CBettydidwellinhershow!

39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“encountered'"probablymeaninParagraph5?

A.Gave.

B.Met.

C.Forgot.

40.WhatdoesBetty'sstorytellus?

A.Themorechangeswemake,themoreconfidentweare.

B.Friendshipmakesitpossibleforeveryonetochange.

C.It*spossibleforeveryonetomakeachange

【答案】36.A37,B38C39.B40.C

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍了贝蒂从害羞到变得自信的经历，告诉我们:改变对任何人来说都是可能的.

【36题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Becauseoftheshyness,Bettyjuststoodwithfewwordsinpublic.”可知，是因为害羞。故选

Ao

[37题详解】段落大意题。根据第三段“WiththeencouragementofFiona,Bettybegantochange...11thechanges

madeherfeelfresheveryday.”可知，本段主要介绍了她的变化，故选B。

[38题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“Betty'shardworkpaidoffwhenthetown*sfamousdirector,Mr.Johnson,watchedoneof

herplays.Helikedheractingsomuchthatheofferedhertheleadroleinhisnewplay.”可知，贝蒂在她的表演中

表现得很好。故选Co

[39题详解】

词义猜测题。根据“Herchangewaslikeabeautifulroseinfiullflowe匚Sheencounteredmanydificulties

whicltaughtherthatthere*snorosewithoutathorn.Butthosethornshelpedherdevelopherabilities”可知，应是她

遇到了很多困难，划线单词表示“遇见"，与met同义。故选Bo

[40题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Bettyproved（证明）thatpersonalchangeswerepossibleforanyone.”可知，她的故事告诉我

们每个人都有可能做出改变。故选C。

5.Bill:(reading)t4Whitelikejade,brightasamirror,thinaspaper,soundlikeabell/

Mom:IsthatforyourChinesestorycompetition?

Bill:Yes.Itdescribesporcelain(瓷器)inJingdezhen,the'"PorcelainCapitaloftheWorld".Youknowporcelainis

calledchinainEnglishbecauseitwasfirstmadeinChina!

Mom:Interesting!

Bill:ManycitiesinChinahavealonghistoryofporcelainindustry.Theyhavecreatedwonderfulporcelai

pieces.

Mom:LikeRongchang?Wemadeabowlintheworkshop.

Bill:(smiling)Lotsoffun.Butthat*spottery(陶器).RongchangiscalledthwithYixing,Jianshui,andQinzhou.

Chinesepotteryhasaverylonghistory.PorcelaindeMom:Anydifferences?

Bill:Er..(searchingonline)Theclay(粘士)isdifferent.Andporcelainisfiredatatemperatureabovel,200℃;

potterybelowl,000,oC.Mom:Buttheylooksosimilar.

Bill:Theyarecalled"Taoci“inChinese.Butporcelainfeelsharderandproducesaclearsound

Mom:(tappingavase)Likethis?

Bill:(nodding)It*sblueandwhiteporcelain,oneofthefourfamoustypesinJingdezhen,togetherwithlinglong

porcelain,familleroseporcelainandcolor-glazedporcelain.

Mom:Anyothers?

Bill:Manywell-knowntypesthere,andalsoinothercities,likeDehuanearancientQuanzhou.

Mom:TheSilkRoadonthesea?

Bill:Yes.DehuaporcelainwasmainlycollectedbyEuropeansatthattime.AlongwithChina'ssilkandtea.

porcelainwasoneofthefirstgoodstravelingaroundtheworld.

Mom:Chineseporcelainhasdeeplyinfluencedtheworldporcelainindustry!

Bill:Thisisalsoinmystory.AndI'mthinkingaboutwhatelse1cantalkabout.

Mom:HowaboutsomeChineseartists?Theycreatepricelessworksandhavestudentsfromallovertheworld.One

ofthemsaid,"Colorisuniversal.Thereisnobarrierbetweenculturalcommunications.?

Bill:Yes!Forculturalcommunication,thereisnobarrier,forChineseculture,1willbeacarrier!

Mom:Excellent!

Bill:Thankyou,Mom.HowcanIknowthatmuchlikeyou?There*sstillsomethingunclear.

Mom:Visitingaporcelainmuseum?

Bill:Goodidea!

41.WhatwillBillmainlytalkaboutinhisChinesestorycompetition?

A.Chinesecities.

C.Chinesepottery.

B.Chinesehistory!

D.Chineseporcelain

42.Whatcanwelearnaboutporcelainandpottery?

A.Porcelainfeelsmuchsofterthanpottery.

B.Porcelainisfiredatatemperatureabove1,200'C

C.Potteryhasamuchshorterhistorythanporcelain

D.Potteryandporcelainusethesamekindofclay.

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"referto?

A.AfamousChineseartist.

C.TheSilkRoadonthesea.

B.DehuanearancientQuanzhou.

D.TheinfluenceofChineseporcelain

44.WhyisBill'smotheralwaysaskingquestions?

A.Becausesheknowsnothingatall.

B.Becauseshewantstobeanartist.

C.Becausesheisencouragingherson.

D.Becausesheisinterestedinherbowl.

【答案】41.D42.B43.D44.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是Bil和妈妈介绍中国的陶瓷文化。

[41题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Mom:IsthatforyourChinesestorycompetition?Bill:Yes.Itdescribesporcelain（瓷器）in

Jingdezhen”可知Bil在中国故事比赛中要介绍中国瓷器。故选D。

【42题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Andporcelainisfiredatatemperatureabovel,200,℃;potterybelowl,000℃.”可知瓷器的

烧制温度是1200度以上。故选Bo

【43题详解】

词义推断题。根据"Chineseporcelainhasdeeplyinfluencedtheworldporcelainindustry.”可知止匕处This指上

一句中中国瓷器对世界的影响。故选D。

【44题详解】

推理判断题。根据"Bill:Thankyou,Mom.HowcanIknowthatmuchlikeyou?There'sstillsomething

uncleaMom:Visitingaporcelainmuseum?”可知妈妈总是提问是想鼓励儿子去了解更多，最后建议他去博物馆。

故选Co

6.StandingonthebeachofCopacabana,IcometorealizethatanyunderstandingofBrazilreallybeginsonits

beaches.Everyoneherehashisorherperfectbeachandisreadytotellyouwheretofindit.I'mhappytotake

people'sadvice,butmyfinalgoalistofindmyowndreambeach.

IheadtoBahia,aplacewithBrazil'sbestcoastline.Overthecenturies,peopleofmanyraceshavearrived

here,creatingawonderfulculturalmix,ThismixinfluencesBahia'slanguage,food,music,anddance.

OnarrivingatoneofBahia'sbestbeaches,--Prainha,Idiscoveritsgoldensandlinedbyarowofperfect

trees,movingsoftlyintheoceanwind.AsIenterthewater,Ihavethefeelingofswimmingthroughmoonlight.

Prainha'sbeautyislikesomethingyoumightseeinapostcard.Butforme,it'salittletooperfect.

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Icontiunemysearch,headingnorthtoMaccio,theislandsofFernadodeNor