文化差异-2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读

2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读-文化差异

题型主要内容

1阅读理解讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别。

2阅读理解介绍了荷兰风车节的由来、日期、庆祝方式以及不同风车在荷兰文化中的内涵。

3完形填空叙述了人们有许多庆祝新年的传统和活动，并不是所有国家都以同样的方式来庆祝新

年。

4短文填空介绍了印度的一些礼仪。

5阅读填表讲述了关于时间的概念。每个国家对“准时”都有不同的观点，然后分别讲述了德国，沙

特阿拉伯，加纳和俄罗斯对准时的概念与习惯。

6语法填空说明了兔子在中西方文化中被认为是幸运的象征。

01

（2023•海南海口•海南中学校考模拟预测）Stir-fry（小炒）,Pekingduck,friedrice一thetastesofBritain.

“Britain?!”Ihearyoucry."ButBritishpeopletakeafternoonteawithsandwiches!ThoseareChinesedishes!,?

AccordingtoasurveybyFoodNetworkUK,nineoutof10BritishpeoplesaidtheirfavoritefoodwasAsian.

ThenumberoneinternationalfoodinBritainwasstir-fry,accordingtotheDailyMail,with55percentsayingthey

ateitoften.

Britainhasaverymulticulturalhistory.Centuriesofhistorybroughtdishesfromacrosstheworld.Almostevery

townintheUKhasaChineseorIndianrestaurant,andItalian,ThaiandJamaicanarenotunusual.Perhapsifsno

surprisethattheylearnedtocookandeatdishesfromothercountries.TraditionalBritishfooddoesn'thaveagreat

reputation（名声）.

InternationalfoodhasbecomeBritishfood,evenwhenBritisharecooking.AnothersurveybytheUKTVfood

channelin2009showedthemostcommondishBritishcouldcookwithoutarecipewasItalianspaghetti.

However,ifyou'reintheUKandthinkatriptoaChineserestaurantwouldbeagreatwaytostayawayfrom

homesickness（乡愁），thinkagain.ManyBritishChinesedishesaren'texactlyChinese.AttheendofeveryBritish

Chinesemeal,yougetasweetcrispknownasa"'traditionalChinesefortunecookie^^.IhavelivedinBeijingfor

almostayear.IhaveyettoeatafortunecookiethatisreallyChinese.

Abowlofstir-fryfollowedbyafortunecookie...nowthatwouldbeawaytocuremyhomesickness,fortheUK.

1.WhichisBritishpeople'sfavoriteinternationalfood,accordingtothesurvey?

A.Stir-fry.B.Pekingduck.C.Italianspaghetti.

2.WhafsthemostimportantfeatureofmodemBritishfood?

A.Unusual.B.International.C.Traditional.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthesixthparagraph?

A.ChinesefortunecookiesarefamousinBeijing.

B.ChinesepeopleintheUKwon'tgotoChineserestaurants.

C.BritishChineserestaurantsaredifferenttoChineserestaurantsinChina.

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Italianfooddoesn'thaveagreatreputation.

B.TraditionalBritishfooddoesn'thaveagreatreputation.

C.ModemBritishfooddoesn'thaveagreatreputation.

5.Whafsthebesttitleforthestory?

A.HistoryofBritishfood

B,InternationaltastesofBritain

C.ThereputationofBritishfood

02

（2023•福建泉州・统考三模）

TheNetherlandsislow-lyingandinfluencedbythenorthseawind,whichcausedfloodstohappeneasilyinthe

past.Inordertodealwiththeproblem,theDutchusedthousandsofwindmills.SotheNetherlandsbecamethefamous

landofwindmills.Withthisinvention,theDutchsetaspecialdateandheldsomeactivities.Ifsheldonthesecond

SaturdayofMayeachyear.Gradually,WindmillDaybecomesatraditionalfolkfestivalintheNetherlands.

Onthisday,picturesshapedofwindmillsareeverywhere.Manyshopsarefilledwithcolorfulwindmillart

pieces.Childrenalsoliketodrawwindmillsonthedoorsandwindows.

Windmillshavedifferentpurposesindifferentstates.Theybringgoodlucktopeopleinmostsituations.When

theflagishungonthewindmill,itmaymeanthatababyisborn,oracoupleareholdingawedding.Whenthefan

ofwindmillislikeacross,itmeansthatsomeimportantguestsarecomingandtheyarewarmlywelcomed.However,

whenthewindmillisatrestandbackward,itmainlytellsusthatsomethingbadhashappened.

Nowadays,duringyourvisitintheNetherlands,youcanchoosethewindmillmuseums.Also,youcangotothe

localwindmillvillages.Therearestillmorethan1000windmillsaroundthecountry,withmanystillinuse.Every

windmilliscoveredinredandgreenandisslowlyrunningtogreetyou.

6.PeopleinNetherlandsmainlyusewindmillsto.

A.produceelectricityB.dowithfloods

C.celebratefestivalsD.welcomevisitors

7.HowdotheDutchcelebrateWindmillDay?

©Theydecoratethepublicplaceswithpicturesshapedofwindmills.

②Shopownerspreparelotsofcolorfulwindmillartpieces.

③Theyfixthefanofwindmillastheshapeofacross.

④Youngkidsdrawwindmillsonthedoorsandwindows.

A.①②③B.②③④C.①③④D.①②④

9.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.Visitorscanonlyenjoywindmillsinmuseums.

B.Windmillsbringgoodlucktopeopleinallsituations.

C.Therearefewerthan1000windmillsacrossthecountry.

D.Astillwindmillmeanssomethingbadhashappened.

10.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?

A.Culture.B.Human.C.Language.D.Science.

03

（2022秋广东河源•九年级校考期末）TheNewYearisatimeofnewbeginningandgoodhopesforthefuture.

People11theNewYearwithmanytraditionsandactivities.12,notallculturescelebrateNew

Year'sDayinthesameway.

InJapan,peoplethrowbeans.Theythrowbeanswhile13/'Badluckout,goodluckin.^^Afterthrowing

thebeans,familymemberspickupandeatthesamenumberofbeansastheirage.Itwillbring14andgood

luckforthenewyear.

InChina,peoplebuypresents,decorations,foodandnewclothesafewweeksbeforethenewyear.Theyclean

theirhousesto15badluck.OnNewYear'sEve,peopleusuallygettogetherforabigmeal.OnNewYear's

Day,childrenwill16hongbaofromtheirparents.Peoplethinkitwillbringgoodlucktochildren.People

17visittheirrelativesandfriendsatthistime.Theliondanceisa18activitythatisheldduringthe

ChineseNewYear.Peoplebelievethatthe19soundofdrumscankeepbadthingsaway.

InIndia,menandwomen20traditionaldances.Familymembersalsoenjoydeliciousfood.Theysay

goodbyetotheoldyearandwelcomethenew.

11.A.celebrateB.takeC.breakD.promise

12.A.SoB.AndC.ThenD.However

13.A.pullingB.shoutingC.playingD.practicing

14.A.purposeB.adviceC.healthD.time

15.A.turnonB.sweepawayC.takeoffD.tidyup

16.A.acceptB.makeC.buyD.receive

17.A.hardlyB.neverC.alwaysD.seldom

18.A.beautifulB.traditionalC.modernD.boring

19.A.quietB.slowC.fastD.loud

20.A.performB.spendC,hearD.check

04

（2022秋・重庆江北•九年级重庆十八中校考期末）Indiaisacountryrichintraditionandculture.Canyou

tellmehowmuchyouhaveknownaboutIndiasofar?Ifyou'replanningtotraveltoIndia,itwillbe21to

knowthefollowingcustoms.

Youshouldnotholdhands22,kissorhuganyoneinpublic,evenyourlovedones.Asaconservative

（保守的）country,Indiadoesnotwelcomepublicexpressionofaffection（情感）suchashuggingandkiss.23

Indianpeople'seyesarebigandconsideredthemostbeautifulinAsia,itisnotpropertolookstraightintoaperson's

eyeswhiletalking.Indianpeoplemake24eyecommunicationthanWesternpeopledo.However,this

doesn't25thatIndianpeoplearenothonest.Itisjustpartoftheirculture.Anothercustomthatyoushould

pay26toisthatmenshouldn,ttouchIndianwomen.Infact,onlytheirsonscantouchtheminpublic.When

itcomestootherpeople,however,afriendlyknockonthebackbetweenpeopleofthesamegender（性另lj）isallowed.

Whafsmore,whateveryoudo,stayawayfromthe27.AccordingtoIndianculture,theheadisthemost

importantpartofthehumanbody,andnoonecantouchit.SoifyoutouchanIndianperson'sheadbyaccident,say

sorryasquicklyaspossibleto28anytrouble.

05

（2023・四川凉山.模拟预测）完成表格。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，并将其答

案的完整形式写在答题卡上相应的位置。每空一词。

Nowadays,manypeopleinChinaandJapanareracingagainsttime.Theyputalotofvaluein“beingontime”.

However,insomecountriesoftheworld,peoplehavedifferentopinionson“beingon

Germany

Thankstoitsindustrialpast（过去的工业化），inGermanyyouareexpectedtoarriveatleasttenminutesearlier

foranyplannedmeeting.

InGermany,beingontimeisrisky（有风险的）enoughbecauseyourhostswillprobablyalreadybetherewaiting,

wonderinghowonearth（究竟）youcouldbesostupid.Whatwillyoudoifanythingunexpectedhappens,like

heavytrafficorasuddenrain?So,remembertoarriveearlyinGermany.

SaudiArabia

SomecountriescarelittleabouttimeandSaudiArabiaisoneofthem.Ifsbecauseoftheirlonghistoryofdesert

livingwheretimeisnotthefirstthingtothinkabout.Itcouldbethatit'stoohottodoanythingontime.Sodon't

expectthemtobeontime.Moreover,lookingatyourwatchduringaneventisevenconsideredasbadmanners.So

don'tgetangrywiththem,either.

Ghana

Mostmeetingtimescanbechanged,evenifanexacttimeisgiven,Ghanaiansareveryrelaxedandeasygoing

（随和的）.Theythinkthatifeveryoneislate,thennooneislate.Afterall,whatcan'tbedonetodaycangetdone

tomorrow.Ifyoufinditdifficulttodealwith,preparetobeunhappy.Otherwise,sitbackenjoytheride.

Russia

Patienceisconsideredaveryimportantquality（品质）inRussianculturebutbeingontimeisnot.Whendoing

businessinRussia,dobeontime.Otherwise,itwillbeconsidereddisrespectful（无礼的）.ButRussianswon'thold

themselvestothesamestandard（标准）.So,again,patiencecanbekey.

Howdifferentlypeoplethink"beingontime”indifferentcountries

29Differentopinionson"beingontime”

Chinaand

•BothChineseandJapanesethinkit30tobeontime.

Japan

•Germans31youtoarriveearlyforanyplannedmeetingbecauseofthe

Germanyinfluenceoftheirindustrialpast.

•Youarethoughttobeso32unlessyouarriveatleasttenminutesearlier.

•Timeisnotthe33thingforpeoplelivinginthedeserttoconsider.

SaudiArabia

•Lookingatyourwatchduringaneventisconsideredtobe34.

•Ghanaiansthinkthatifeveryoneislate,then35islate.

Ghana

•Mostmeetingtimescanbe36.Youmightbeunhappyifyoucan'tacceptit.

•BepatientinRussiabecauseifsveryimportantqualityinits37.

Russia•Whiledoing38inRussia,youshouldbeontime,thoughRussiansarenot

strictwiththemselvesinit.

06

（2023•山西朔州・统考一模）短文填空。

Withthe39（begin）of2023,thenewYearoftheRabbithasstarted!Maybenowisthebesttimeto

talkaboutitintheeyesofdifferentcultures.

Thereis40opinionofrabbitsinChinesecultureasbeingwiseandgentle.Thisisshownbythephrase

dongrutuotu-aChineseidiom(习语)praisingpeople41aresmartandquicklikearabbit.

Legendhasitthatthereisarabbit42(live)onthemoonwhichisthepetofChange,agoddess43

(wide)knowninChina.Also,inancientChina,therabbitwasapopularsymbolofgoodluck.Sincerabbitsare

full44energyandfertile(生育能力)innature.

SimilarlyintheWest,rabbitsarewell-knowntobe45(ability)toreproduce(繁彳行)insomedifficult

conditions.Theyarealso46(consider)tobeluckyintheWest.Oneofthemostwell-known47

(symbol)ofgoodluck,arabbit'sfootissupposedtobringgoodluck.

So,withitnowbeingthe48(luckily)animal9sturnontheChinesezodiac(十二生肖),maybethe

YearoftheRabbitcanbringyousomegoodluck,too.

参考答案：

1.A2.B3.C4.B5.B

【导语】本文主要讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别。

1.细节理解题。根据“ThenumberoneinternationalfoodinBritainwasstir-fry”可知英国排名第一的国际食品

是小炒。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据"Britainhasaverymulticulturalhistory.Centuriesofhistorybroughtdishesfromacrossthe

world”以及“InternationalfoodhasbecomeBritishfood”可知英国有着多元文化的历史，世界各地的食物都来到

英国，所以现在英国食物是国际化的。故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据“ManyBritishChinesedishesaren'texactlyChinese.”可知英国的中餐馆与中国的中餐馆

不同。故选C。

4.细节理解题。根据"TraditionalBritishfooddoesn'thaveagreatreputation”可知传统的英国食物名声不佳。

故选B。

5.最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别，

以选项B“英国的国际品味”为标题最合适。故选B。

6.B7.D8.C9.D10.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰风车节的由来、日期、庆祝方式以及不同风车在荷兰文化

中的内涵。

6.细节理解题。根据第一段“TheNetherlandsislow—lyingandinfluencedbythenorthseawind...thousandsof

windmills”可知，荷兰地市低洼，过去容易发生洪涝灾害，为了解决这个问题，荷兰人使用了成千上万的风

车，所以荷兰人主要用风车解决洪水问题。故选B。

7.细节理解题。根据第二段“Onthisday,picturesshapedofwindmillsareeverywhere...windows.”可知，在这一

天到处都是风车形状的图片，许多商店都摆满了风车艺术品，孩子们在门窗上画风车，所以他们庆祝的方式

有①②④。故选D。

8.细节理解题。根据第三段“Whentheflagishungonthewindmill,itmaymeanthatababyisbom”可知，当旗

帜挂在风车上时，可能意味着有一个婴儿出生了。故选C。

9.细节理解题。根据第三段“whenthewindmillisatrestandbackward,itmainlytellsusthatsomethingbadhas

happened”可知，当风车处于静止或倒退状态时，它预示着发生了不好的事情，选项D表述与原文相符。故

选D。

10.推理判断题。根据第一段“WindmillDaybecomesatraditionalfolkfestivalintheNetherlands”可知，风车

日渐渐成为一个传统的民间节日，所以本文主要介绍的风车之国——荷兰，推测可以在杂志的文化专栏看到

这篇文章。故选A。

11.A12.D13.B14.C15.B16.D17.C18.B19.D20.A

【导语】本文叙述了人们有许多庆祝新年的传统和活动，并不是所有国家都以同样的方式来庆祝新年。在日

本，人们扔豆子。在中国，新年前几周人们买礼物、装饰品、食物和新衣服。在印度，男女一起表演传统舞

蹈。

11.句意：人们有许多庆祝新年的传统和活动。

celebrate庆祝；take拿，获得；break打破；promise允诺，许诺。根据"notallculturescelebrateNewYear's

Dayinthesameway”可知，这里指的是庆祝。故选A。

12.句意：然而，不是所有的习俗都以同样的方式庆祝新年。

So所以；And和，而且；Then然后；However然而。根据下文介绍了三个国家以不同的方式庆祝新年可知，

此处表示转折，However表示转折，后加逗号。故选D。

13.句意：他们抛豆子的同时喊“坏运走开，好运进来。”

pulling拉,拖；shouting呼喊,喊叫；playing游戏，玩耍；practicing练习。根据引号后的内容可知这里

指的是喊叫的内容。故选B。

14.句意：它能在新的一年中带来健康和好运。

purpose目的；advice建议；health健康；time时间。根据“andgoodluck”可知，这里与好运对应的是健康。

故选C。

15.句意：他们打扫房间来清除坏运气。

turnon打开；sweepaway清除；takeoff起飞，脱下；tidyup收拾，整理。根据空格后的“badluck”可知，

要清除坏运气。故选B。

16.句意：在新年那天，孩子们将收到来自父母的红包。

accept接受；make制作；buy买；receive收到。根据空格后“hongbaofiromtheirparents”可知，这里指的是孩

子从父母那里收到红包。故选D。

17.句意：这时人们总是拜访他们的亲戚和朋友。

hardly几乎不；never从不；always总是；seldom很少。根据句意和语境可知，此处是指人们在新年时候总

是会走访亲朋好友。故选C。

18.句意：舞狮是春节期间举行的一项传统活动。

beautiful美丽的；traditional传统的;modern现代的；boring无聊的。根据上文“theNewYearwithmanytraditions

andactivities”可知，这里指的是舞狮是一项传统活动。故选B。

19.句意：人们认为喧闹的鼓声可以让坏运离开。

quiet安静的;slow慢的;fast快速的；loud大声的,喧吵的。根据“soundofdrumscankeepbadthingsaway”

可知，大声的敲鼓的声音才能把坏运赶走。故选D。

20.句意：在印度，男人和女人们表演传统舞蹈。

perform表演；spend花费;hear听；check检查。根据空格后的"traditionaldances”可知,是表演舞蹈。故选

A。

21.helpful22.with23.Though/Although24.less25.mean26.attention27.head

28.prevent/avoid

【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的一些礼仪。

21.句意：如果你打算去印度旅行，了解以下习俗会很有帮助。根据“knowthefbllowingcustoms.”以及所给

词可知了解印度的习俗会有帮助，作表语用形容词helpfill”有帮助的"。故填helpful。

22.句意：你不应该在公共场合与任何人牵手、亲吻或拥抱，即使是你所爱的人。根据“holdhands...anyone,

evenyourlovedones”可知是和任何人牵手，用介词with。故填with。

23.句意：尽管印度人的眼睛很大，被认为是亚洲最美丽的，但说话时直视别人的眼睛是不合适的。前后两

句是让步关系，用though/although引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although。

24.句意：印度人的眼神交流比西方人少。isnotpropertolookstraightintoaperson^eyeswhiletalking^

可知在印度说话时直视别人的眼睛是不礼貌的,所以他们的眼神交流更少,根据“than”可知此处用比较级less。

故填lesso

25.句意:然而，这并不意味着印度人不诚实。根据"thatIndianpeoplearenothonest”可以印度人不眼神交流

不意味着他们不诚实，mean“意味着"，助动词doesn比后加动词原形。故填mean。

26.句意：你应该注意的另一个习俗是，男人不应该碰印度女人。payattentionto“注意"。故填attention。

27.句意：更重要的是，无论你做什么，都要远离头部。根据“theheadisthemostimportantpart...”可知是远

离头部，head“头"。故填head。

28.句意：如果你意外触摸了印度人的头部，请尽快道歉，以免造成任何麻烦。根据"anytrouble”可知碰了

印度人的头，要尽快道歉，这样能避免造成麻烦，preven俨阻止"，avoid“避免”，动词不定式符号to后加动

词原形。故填prevent/avoid。

29.Countries30.valuable/important31.expect32.stupid33.first34.impolite/rude

35.nobody36.Changed37.culture38.business

【导语】本文讲述了关于时间的概念。每个国家对“准时”都有不同的观点，然后分别讲述了德国，沙特阿拉

伯，加纳和俄罗斯对准时的概念与习惯。

29.根据"ChinaandJapanGermanySaudiArabiaGhanaRussia”可知，此处说的是国家，首字母需大写。故填

Countries。

30.根据“Nowadays,manypeopleinChinaandJapanareracingagainsttime.Theyputalotofvaluein"beingon

time，.”可知，中国人和日本人认为"准时”很宝贵和重要。故填valuable/importanto

31.根据"Thankstoitsindustrialpast（过去的工业化），inGermanyyouareexpectedtoarriveatleasttenminutes

earlierforanyplannedmeeting.”可知，德国人希望你提前到达，Germans作主语用主动语态。故填expecto

32.根据“InGermany,beingontimeisrisky（有风险的）enoughbecauseyourhostswillprobablyalreadybethere

waiting,wonderinghowonearth（究竟）youcouldbesostupid.”可知，如果你没有提前十分钟到达在德国，另U

人会认为你很愚蠢。故填stupid。

33.根据"It'sbecauseoftheirlonghistoryofdesertlivingwheretimeisnotthefirstthingtothinkabout.“可知，

沙特阿拉