完形填空解题技巧讲解-2024年中考英语阅读理解（原卷版）

08完形填空解题技巧讲解

完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型，既考查同学们的阅读能力，又考查选词用词的能力，需要从

所给材料中寻找线索，进行合理的推理和猜测，在语篇的空白处填上适当的词语。这些空白处不是孤

立的，而是与前后文字在语意、逻辑和句法等方面有密切联系。完形填空的体裁以记叙文为主，文章

长度在300词左右。考查重点以实词为主，虚词为辅，冠词基本不考。

PART1

解题误区

在解答完形填空时，需要注意一些常见误区：

1.警惕固定搭配，固定搭配并非一定是正确选项，不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定搭配，也是

不合适的。

2.偏离原文做题，完形填空重点考查单词、短语在句子、段落、语篇中的含义和应用，而并非单词本

身的含义，如果只根据单词本身含义去抉择答案，不考虑原文语境就很容易选错答案。

PART2

解题步骤

1,首先跳过空格，快速通读全文，了解短文大意及体裁，同时将一眼就看出的几道题直接做出答案；

2.第二遍是答题的关键，应一个个地去推敲空，切忌按题号顺序答题，不能确定的先跳过去，先易后

难是答题原则；

3.第三遍是通篇考虑，把一些上下文联系很强，甚至牵涉到段与段之间逻辑关系的困难空缺填好；

4.第四遍是检查，做完后再通读一遍全文，从整体把握文章的意思，修正与全文不相称的选项。

PART3

解题方法

在中考英语中，完形填空可能会考查到：上下文直接信息；语法知识和固定的短语搭配；词义的

辨析；作者的情感态度等。

考生除了需要积累语法知识和固定的搭配外，还要掌握一定的解题技巧。下面，我们选取了中考

真题进行解题方法介绍。

01利用逻辑关系解题

在解答完形填空的过程中，同学们可以根据确切、具体的线索，将答案的逻辑意义推导出来，在

答案中寻找体现了相同逻辑意义的选项。

单个句子中或者句子与句子之间都可能存在逻辑关系，它们往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等

明确的逻辑关系词来体现。

在平时的练习过程中，同学们除了要锻炼逻辑推理和判断能力，还要对常用的和易混淆的衔接词

进行积累。

表原因：thanksto,resultfrom,since,because,for,as

表结果：asaresult,thus,so,therefore

表转折：but,yet,anyway,however,despite,inspiteof

表补充：also,besides,further,moreover,additionally,whafsmore

例1.Withhisblanketandtoys,RemywenttomeetMadu.Itwasloveatfirstsight.SoonRemyclimbedon

Madu'sback.RemywatchedMadu.MadutaughtRemywhattoeat,shealsoshowedhimhowto

hangandclimb.Remylearnedhowtobeanorangutan.

A.andB.butC.orD.so

02利用复现信息解题

语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词

复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，

同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。

例2.Remy'smothergotsickbeforehewasborn.ShecouldnotRemy.Soheneededafoster

mothertotakecareofhim.

A.lookafterB.lookatC.lookforD.looklike

03利用语法知识解题

虽然完形填空以语境考查为主，但仍有部分考查语法知识的题目，同学们可利用平时积累的语法

知识解题O

在复习语法的过程中，尤其需要关注出现频率较高的几类词，如：动词、介词、代词、连词、形

容词、副词。

解答完形填空时，动词的选用需要注意词义和惯用搭配，区分近义词的用法搭配；介词的选用需

要注意与其他词汇的固定搭配；名词选用需要注意词性和单复数形式等。

利用语法知识解题时，可以考虑择优解题，将各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在

语法上又没有语病的答案。

例3.Oneday,myfriendandIwereridingourbikesinapark.MymotherknewIhadjustlearnedhowto

rideforashorttime,sosheaskedmetowearsomesafetyequipment."No.Iwon'twear!"

A.itB.itselfC.themD.themselves

04利用固定搭配解题

固定搭配包括一些常见短语，如：seeafilm、makeadeal>bytheway等，以及一些常见句式，如：

Itfeels+形容词+不定式等。

在复习过程中，同学们需要注意区分形似而义不同的固定搭配，如：lookfor,lookout,lookafter等。

还需要注意形不同但意义相近的词汇，如：pay、cost>take都有花费的含义。

例4.However,thepathwasn'tassmoothasIthought.Ikeptbumpingupanddown,andthensuddenly...

bam!Ifellmybike.

A.downB.offC.ofD.into

05利用词义辨析解题

在完形填空给出的四个选型中，就经常出现词性一致、意义相近的情况。这个时候，需要考虑特

定语境中的最佳选项，或者推敲一些固定的词组搭配来选择答案。

在词义辨析题目中，绝对同义的两个选项的两个选项都不入选，相对同义的两个选项，在于考查

其细微的差距，一般选其中之一。

例5."Ofcourse."MrsMartinputthemashedpotatopizzaonmyplatewithanencouragingsmile.I

suddenlyandrelaxed.Ilookedaroundlaughing,andwealllaughedtogether.

A.wokeB.agreedC.understoodD.forgot

06根据情感态度解题

情感态度主要集中在形容词的选择上，同学们需要根据上下文对人物的情感态度有一个大致的把

握，同时要积累不同形容词的含义和褒贬，从而选择一个最合适的词。

一般来说，作者的情感态度通篇是一致的，可以从一个高度去指导全文，但也会出现反转的情况，

需要细致理解短文的情节和大意。

积极情感：happy,amazing,excited,relaxed等

中立情感：fast,slow,surprising等

消极情感：sad,disappointed,angry等

例6.Herhusbanddiedofaseriousillnessafewdaysago.SheonlyhasherdogWangwanginthe

house...Mrs.Brownsaid,"WangwangandIarefeelingalittlethesedays.It'skindofyoutocome.

A.lonelyB.angryC.excitedD.relaxed

07跳读首尾句进行预测

一般来讲，完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什

么。若首句交代了when,where,who,what,即四个W,那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事;若首

句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。

首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。

所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。

例7.EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninScotland.Inaninterview,sherecalledhowshe

becameapercussionsoloist（打击乐器独奏演员）inspiteofherdisability.

08巧用排除法解题

在有些情况下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案，可以把排除法和词汇、语法分析

结合起来运用，缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。如：

例8.Thewomanlookedcarefullyatmethroughherglasses,andthenquestionedmeinalowvoice.

A.asusualB.forawhileC.inaminuteD.onceagain

09利用对比结构解题

对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题

常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。如：

例9.Apupilwhocandohishomeworkinaquietandroomisinamuchbetterpositionthanapupil

whodoeshishomeworkinasmall,noisyroomwiththetelevisionon.

A.furnishedB.expensiveC.comfortableD.suitable

10利用暗示和对应解题

完形填空题中虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和单词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文章故事情节

发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。

考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联

系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。

如：

例10....hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyof:agriculture,divingandmathematics.

A.questionsB.subjectsC.mattersD.contents

11综合利用各种线索解题

完形填空题主要考查短文阅读理解的能力。因此考生必须阅读全文，弄清句子与句子之间的关系，

准确理解全文。为了答好题，考生必须从字里行间寻找能够利用的线索。如书写和形态变化线索(graphic

andmorphologicalclues)>词汇线索(lexicalclues)>句法线索(syntacticalclues)>社会文化线索(socialand

culturalclues),并根据有关的线索进行猜测，作出合理的判断。如：

例11.Andtheclerkconfirmedthathisplanewasleavingatnineo'clockthreedaysfromthatday...Since

hewasinthreedays,Andydidn'tloseanytime.

A.movingB.returningC.stayingD.leaving

【真题实战】

(2023.四川广安.统考中考真题)

Ayoungmanwentforajobinterview（面试）inabigcompany.Thebossfoundthattheyoungman'scollege

gradeswereexcellent.Thenheaskedtheyoungmanwho]forhiseducation.Theyoungmantoldthe

bossthathisparentsdidandthey2aslaundry（洗衣店）workers.

Thebossnoticed3theyoungman'shandsweresmoothandperfect.Heasked,“Haveyouever

helpedyourparentswash4?”

“No.Myparentsalwaysmakemestudy.Besides,theywashclothes5thanIdo.”

Thebossaskedtheyoungmantogobackhomeandwashhisparents56.Whenhegothome,hetold

hisparentsthathewantedtowashtheirhands.Hisparentsfelt7buthappy.Thentheyoungmanbeganto

washtheirhandsslowly.

Hewasintear.He8hisparents9handsweresorough（粗糙的）andpalebecauseofwashingalotof

clothesinthecoldwater.Threewerealsomanyinjuries（伤口）intheirhands.9washingtheirparents'

hands,theyoungmanquietlywashedtherestoftheclothes.

Thenextmorning,theyoungmanwenttothe10again.Thebossnoticedtheyoungman'spalehands.

Hesaidtotheyoungman,"Welcometojoinus!”

1.A.paidB.,costC.spentD.took

2.A.movedB.,workedC.studiedD.taught

3.A.whatB.,whetherC.whenD.that

4.A.clothesB.,shoesC.dishesD.cups

5.A.worseB.,shorterC.fasterD.slower

6.A.armsB.,handsC.legsD.feet

7.A.sorryB.,sadC.surprisedD.angry

8.A.warnedB.,expectedC.hopedD.found

9.A.AfterB.,BeforeC.WhenD.Until

10.A.schoolB.,hospitalC.cinemaD.company

（2023.江苏苏州•统考中考真题）

WhenIwaselevenyearsold,mylifechangedforeverwhenIgotaseriousdisease.Mylifewas]with

operationsandtreatments.IfeltstressedbecauseIwasreallyuncertain2everythingthatwashappening.

Oneday,Iwasreceivingmythirteenthoperationinthehospital.Beingawayfrommyfriendsandschoolwas

causingmealmostasmuch3astheoperationitself.

Duringthathospitalstay,Ireceivedacardfromavolunteer.Thatsimple4meantmuchtomeandgave

mehopeagainduringmytimeofneed.I'llnever5thewayIfeltafterthatsmallactofkindness.Istarted

creatinganorganizationcalledCardsforHospitalized（住院的）Kids.

Thecharitybeganwithasimpledreamofgiving6joyandmagictothosekids.Itlater7a

nationalorganizationthatsentcardstoover5000sickkidsatmorethan50hospitalsacrossthecountry.

Itishardtobelievethatanactassimpleasacardcandosomuchgood,8itdoes.Seeingapictureofa

child9oneofourcardswithahugesmilemakesuskeepthiswonderfulcharityalive.

10mightprovidemedicineforthesesickkids,butweprovidethatlittlebitofhopeandmagicthat911

goalongway.

1.A.lightedB.matchedC.filledD.painted

2.A.aboutB.withC.overD.towards

3.A.funB.painC.valueD.danger

4.A.actB.jobC.gameD.lesson

5.A.mindB.leadC.forgetD.risk

6.A.hopeB.fearC.shockD.pressure

7.A.lookedupB.gaveupC.brokeintoD.turnedinto

8.A.norB.butC.forD.or

9.A.sellingB.printingC.holdingD.cleaning

10.A.TeachersB.FriendsC.PatientsD.Doctors

（2023・湖南长沙•统考中考真题）

MyfriendAndrewusedtodrinkalotandalwaysisolated（孤立）himself.Hewas]andheartbroken.

Hefeltthathislifewasahopelessmess.Heeventoldmethathewasonthepointof2hope.Icouldn't

solvehisproblems.ButduringtheChristmasseasontwoyearsago,IgavehimagiftthatIdidn'tevenknowIhad.

ThatChristmasAndrewhadnoplacetogo,soI3himhometomyparents9houseinLondon.My

parentswere4tohavehimstaywithus.Theygraciously（殷勤地）cleanedupourguestroomforhimand

evenboughthimsomeChristmasgifts.I'llnever5thenightwhenwearrivedatmyhome.Myparents

werealreadyasleep,butmymomhadprepareddinnerandsomecookiesforusandleftusa6.Myparents

wereknownfortheirgenerosity（'慷慨），soIwasn'tsurprisedbythiswarm7.ButwhenAndrewreadmy

mom'snoteandsawallthatshehadprepared,hebrokedownandcouldn'thelp8.Atthatmoment,Ibegan

torealizewhatalovingfamilymeant.

Fromthenon,AndrewandIbothreceivedgiftsthatwewould9forever.Igavehimthegiftofa

warm,lovingandsafeplacetospendChristmas,whichhelpedhimrenewhisinterestinlife.More10,he

gavemethegiftofanewperspective（观点）onlife.IfIhadn,tsharedmyhomewithhim,Iwouldn,thaverealized

howblessed（有福的）Iam.

1.A.sunnyB.outgoingC.lonely

2.A.writingdownB.givingupC.listeningto

3.A.stoppedB.invitedC.refused

4.A.unwillingB.angryC.happy

5.A.forgetB.rememberC.mention

6.A.noteB.bookC.menu

7.A.handshakeB.welcomeC.conversation

8.A.fightingB.fearingC.crying

9.A.valueB.worryC.doubt

10.A.pitifullyB.importantlyC.painfully

（2023・云南・统考中考真题）

Mymomisprettycool.Sheisalwaystryingtocomeupwithwaystogivetheenvironmentahelpinghand.

Oneday,shebroughtagreen]towork.Atlunch,shesharedthecake2friends.Everyoneliked

it.Theywereallsurprisedhowshemadeit.

Thestorygoesbackafewweeks.Ourcity3anewrecyclingprogram——familiesweresupposedto

separatefoodrubbishfromtheotherkitchenwaste.

My4lovesfruit.Myfatherespeciallyloveswatermelons.He5alotoftheminthesummer.

Theskin（果皮）alwaysendsupintherubbish.Thafsalmosthalftheweightofawatermelon!

Afteralotofthinking,mymomfoundawaytouseallthemelonskins.Shebroughtouttheblender

（搅拌器）andcutthemelonskinsintosmallpieces.7sheblendedthem,shegotawholecupofgreen

watermelonjuice.Then,shemixedthejuicewithflour（面粉）.Fromthere,she8madeherdelicious

GREENcake.

Whatagreatproductofthemeloneating!Anditwasnaturefriendlytoo.Fromnowon,mymomdoesn'tneed

to9theheavywastefromeatingmelons.Andeveryonealwayswantsmoreofher70cake.

1.A.cakeB.hamburgerC.sandwichD.watermelon

2.A.aboutB.withC.intoD.at

3.A.refusedB.missedC.stoppedD.started

4.A.neighborB.familyC.coachD.doctor

5.A.makesB.drinksC.eatsD.throws

6.A.betterB.worseC.shorterD.harder

7.A.ThoughB.WhetherC.BeforeD.After

8.A.carefullyB.politelyC.hardlyD.sadly

9.A.lookupB.worryaboutC.giveoutD.putup

10.A.terribleB.commonC.specialD.white

（2023・四川宜宾・统考中考真题）

Itisnecessaryformiddleschoolstudentstohavesomeafter-schoolactivities.However,thebestwaytoplan

theirafter-schoolactivitiesistomakesurethattheykeepagoodbalance（平衡）betweenstudies1

activities.Theactivitiesshould2allkindsofsports,likerunning,basketball,swimmingandsomeartistic

programs,suchasmusicorart.Itisalso3forstudentstomixuptheiractivities.Theyshouldtrytofind

newactivitiesanddevelopdifferentinterests4takingpartinthesameactivityeveryday.Thishelps

studentstostayactiveand5themfromgettingbored.

1.A.orB.soC.andD.but

2.A.holdB.includeC.createD.collect

3.A.braveB.politec.simpleD.important

4.A.outofB.thankstoc.insteadofD.accordingto

5.A.preventsB.advisesc.organizesD.encourages

（2023•浙江宁波・统考中考真题）

Mygrandfatheroftensaid"Iwon't"toshowhisdislikeofdishonesty（不诚实）.Whenhewasyoung,he

worked]afurniture（家具）maker.Oneday,aneighborinvitedhimtomakesomefurniture.Whenarriving,

henoticedthewoodprovidedwasalittle2sohesaid,"Iwon'tstartrightaway."Hechosetoletthewood

dryforamonth.Heknewworkingwithwetwoodcouldcause3lateron.

Aroundthesametime,anotherfurnituremakerwasalsoaskedfora4jobbyadifferentfamily.Unlike

mygrandfather,he5workingrightaway.Asaresult,theneighborstarteddoubtingmygrandfather,thinking

hewastryingtomakemoremoneyby6thework.However,mygrandfatherwaited7Hewantedthe

bestqualityforthefurniturehewasmaking.

Amonthlater,theotherfurnituremakerreceivedhis8andwentbackhome.Mygrandfatherbeganto

9__strongandbeautifulfurniturewhenthewoodwascompletelydry.Afewmonthspassedandthefurniture

madebythatmakerbegantobreak.Theneighborthenregretted10mygrandfatherandsaidsorrytohim.

Peoplecametounderstandhis11andskill,spreadinghisfamefarandwide.

Influencedbymygrandfather,myfatheralsofollowsthe12of"Iwon't”.Healwaysprovidesthe

freshestfood,whichmakeshisrestaurantvery13intown.Onceatraderwantedtosellsomecheapbut

smellyseafoodtomyfather,hesaid"No!"andstoppedthe14.

Now,mybrotherandIkeepinmind15ourgrandfatherandfathertaughtus.Throughupsanddowns

inlife,we'vecometodeeplyunderstandourfamilyvaluebehindthissaying-tobetruthfulandhonest.

1.A.asB.byC.likeD.with

2.A.hardB.lightC.softD.wet

3.A.fireB.illnessC.pollutionD.problems

4.A.magicB.normalC.similarD.special

5.A.beganB.canceledC.keptD.stopped

6.A.checkingoutB.givingupC.puttingoffD.turningdown

7.A.excitedlyB.patientlyC.sadlyD.worriedly

8.A.foodB.furnitureC.moneyD.wood

9.A.cleanB.makeC.moveD.repair

10.A.answeringB.believingC.comfortingD.doubting

11.A.fairnessB.honestyC.loveD.politeness

12.A.joyB.planC.shapeD.value

13.A.beautifulB.convenientC.peacefulD.popular

14.A.businessB.competitionC.interviewD.survey

15.A.howB.whatC.whenD.why

（2023・四川广安・统考中考真题）

ThankstotheDoubleReductionPolicy（“双减”政策），manystudentshavemoretimetoenjoyafter-school

activities.

Itis]forstudentstotakepartintheseactivities.First,itisagoodshort2fromstudy.After

thebreak,studentscandobetterin3schoolwork.Next,studentscan4somefriendswhiledoing

after-schoolactivities.Finally,studentscangetsomenew5fromtheactivities.Forexample,studentscan

learnhowtoplaybasketballorhowtodance.

1.A.carefulB.thankfulC.helpfulD.beautiful

2.A.breakB.hobbyC.meetingD.habit

3.A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs

4.A.doB.makeC.takeD.put

5.A.prizesB.booksC.pensD.skills

（2023・广东广州•统考中考真题）

Almosteveryonehasadreamjob,andforSusan,itisbeingawhale（tg）trainerathercity'saquarium（水族

馆）.Lastyear,Susanfinallyhada（n）1,butitwasmorethanjustsigningup.Peoplewhowantedthisjob

hadtotakepartinacompetition.Theyneedtoshowhow2theycouldgodownintotheseven-metre-deep

poolthathousedthewhalesandhowlongtheycouldstaythere.Theonewhocouldreachthedeepestandstaythe

longestunderwaterwouldgetthejob.

Susansigneduptotryout,andeverythingwent3atfirst.Butthen,asshewentdowntoaboutfive

metresundertheicywater,herlegsstopped4.Thecoldwatercausedahugepaininherlegs.Shewas

unabletoswimbacktothesurface.Shewasingreatfearandcouldn'tthink.Thisonlycausedherto5

fartherintothepool.JustasSusan6hope,shesuddenlyfeltherselfbeingpushedtothesurface.

ItwasMila,awhaleinthepool.ShenoticedSusan's7,heldherleginhermouthandpushedSusan

uptothesurface.Susanwas8,thankstoMila'squickaction.TheaquariumspokespersonsaidSusanwas

really9,becauseMilahadrealizedSusanneededhelpbeforeanyoftheworkinggroupdid,whichsaved

valuabletime.

“Whalesare10animals-theyliveandplaytogether.Inthewild,theyshowgreatinterestinhumans

andoftenswimclosetoboatsanddivers.^^

1.A.chanceB.jobC.dreamD.idea

2.A.soonB.farC.oftenD.hard

3.A.closeB.deepC.lateD.well

4.A.tryingB.hurtingC.workingD.resting

5.A.dropB.swimC.jumpD.search

6.A.gaveawayB.gaveinC.gaveoutD.gaveup

7.A.lookB.troubleC.moveD.place

8.A.changedB.lostC.chosenD.saved

9.A.luckyB.braveC.afraidD.sad

10.A.funnyB.lonelyC.socialD.strong

（2023・河南•统考中考真题）

Itwasarainy,windyOctoberafternoon.Garthstoodoutsidehishousewithawidesmile.Thiswas1

weatherfortestinghisnewinvention-UmbrellaHat.Hecouldhardlywaittoseewhetheritcouldkeeptherainoff.

Hecarefully2thehatonhisheadandstartedwalking3alongthestreet.Itworked!

Suddenly,threeboysinhisneighborhoodappearedand4him.Todd,thebiggestone,pulledhis

UmbrellaHatoffhishead.

“What'sTHIS?”heasked.

"It'sanUmbrellaHat.Youcanwearitonrainydaysand...^^Garthsaid.

Theboys5,“Willanyonewearthatstupidthing?”Toddthrewthehatontot