第一部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE

选择性必修第一册UNIT4BODYLANGUAGE目

录Contents01基础帮默写自测02教材帮核心突破03高考帮题型对接04练习帮课时提能

基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.

n.手势；姿势；姿态2.

vt.目击；见证

n.目击者；证人3.

n.隔阂；障碍gesture

witness

barrier

4.

n.发生的事情；严重事件；冲突5.

n.故作姿态；姿势

vi.摆好姿势

vt.造成(威胁、问题等)6.

vt.&vi.(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向7.

vt.揭示；显示；露出incident

pose

bend

reveal

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ8.

vt.把……放低；减少；降低

adj.下面的；较小的9.

vi.盯着看；凝视

n.凝视lower

stare

10.

adj.羞愧；惭愧11.

adv.只是；仅仅；只不过12.

vi.&vt.费心；因……操心

vt.打扰

n.麻烦；不便13.

vi.&vt.哭泣；流泪14.

n.矛盾；冲突

vi.冲突；抵触ashamed

merely

bother

weep

conflict

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅡ.拓展单词——通其变1.

vi.交流；相互影响→

n.交流；相互影响2.

vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→

n.变化；多样化

→

adj.各种各样的3.

adj.合适的；恰当的→

adv.适当地4.

vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→

n.同意；赞成

→

vi.&vt不同意

vt.不批准interact

interaction

vary

variety

various/varied

appropriate

appropriately

approve

approval

disapprove

5.

vt.使用；应用；雇用→

n.雇主→

n.雇员；雇工→

n.雇用；使用；就业employ

employer

employee

employment

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ6.

vi.相异；不同于→

adj.不同的→

n.差异；不同7.

vt.较喜欢；有利于n.帮助；恩惠；赞同→

adj.赞成的；有利的→

adj.特别受喜爱的

n.特别喜爱的人(或事物)differ

different

difference

favour

favourable

favourite

8.

n.愤怒；怒气

vt.使生气；激怒→

adj.愤怒的；生气的

→

adv.愤怒地；生气地9.

v.依赖；依靠→

adj.可靠的；可信赖的10.

adj.轻微的；细小的→

adv.略微；稍微11.

vt.评估；评价→

n.评价；评定12.

adj.赤裸的；勉强的→

adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚anger

angry

angrily

rely

reliable

slight

slightly

assess

assessment

bare

barely

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ13.

vt.占据；占用→

n.工作；职业；占领→

⁠

adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的14.

vt.分散(注意力)；使分心→

n.使人分心的事物15.

vi.&vt.区分；辨别→

adj.著名的；杰出的16.

n.焦虑；担心；害怕→

adj.焦虑的；渴望的

→

adv.焦急地；担忧地occupy

occupation

occupied

distract

distraction

distinguish

distinguished

anxiety

anxious

anxiously

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ17.

vt.使窘迫；使为难→

adj.难堪的；尴尬的

→

adj.令人难堪的；令人尴尬的→

n.窘迫；尴尬18.

vt.调整；调节vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯→

n.调整；适应

→

adj.可调节的embarrass

embarrassed

embarrassing

embarrassment

adjust

adjustment

adjustable

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅢ.阅读单词——晓其意1.demonstrate

vt.

⁠2.identical

adj.

⁠3.bow

vi.

vt.

n.

⁠4.fake

adj.

⁠表现；表达；说明；证明

相同的

鞠躬；点头

低(头)

弓；蝴蝶结

假装的；假的；冒充的

5.trial

n.&v.

⁠6.internal

adj.

⁠7.clarify

vt.

⁠8.tick

vt.

vi.

n.

⁠⁠审讯；审判；试验；试用

内部的；里面的

阐明；澄清

给(试卷、问题等)打钩号

(钟表)发出嘀嗒声

钩号

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ⁠9.imply

vt.

⁠10.perceive

vt.

⁠意味着；暗示

察觉；看待；理解

11.inquire(＝enquire)

vi.&vt.

⁠12.ultimately

adv.

⁠13.intervene

vi.

⁠14.react

vi.

⁠15.component

n.

⁠16.tone

n.

⁠询问；打听

最终；最后

干预；介入

(对……)起反应；回应

组成部分；零件

语气；腔调；口吻

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅣ.核心短语——明搭配1.

相比之下2.

(与……)相比较3.

推理；推断4.

消除；分解；打破5.

直起来；整理；收拾整齐bycontrast

bycomparison

makeinferences

breakdown

straightenup

6.

换句话说；也就是说7.

访问；要求；正式邀请8.

有某种影响；在工作inotherwords

callon

atwork

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅤ.经典句式——会运用1.Forexample，makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone’seyes—insomecountriesis

.(awaytodosth.)例如，在一些国家，进行眼神交流——看着某人的眼睛——是表达兴趣的一种

方式。2.Ofcourse，

.(部分否定)当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都在认真听课。awaytodisplayinterest

noteveryonewholooksupispayingattentioninclass

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ3.

，

itissometimesmuchhardertodistinguishwhenstudentsaretroubled.(while引导的让步

状语从句)尽管很容易察觉学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中，但要发

现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。Whileitiseasytoperceivewhenstudentsareinterested，bored，ordistracted

4.Theirbodylanguageletsmeknowwhentoadjustclassactivities，whentointervene，

and

，sotheycanallgetthemostoutofschool.

(疑问词＋不定式)他们的肢体语言让我知道何时该调整课堂活动，何时去干预，何时与学生单独谈话，好让他们都能在学校收获最大。whentotalktostudentsindividually

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写(用本单元词汇)1.Recentyearshave

(见证)thedramaticdevelopmentofHenanProvince.2.Such

(事件)canbeverydangerousandrequireurgentattention.3.Hethrowshishandsopenina

(姿势)whichclearlyindicateshisrelief.witnessed

incidents

gesture

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.Thesurvey

(显示)thatmanycompanieswererunningdownstocksinstead

ofmakingnewproducts.5.Sorryto

(打扰)you，butthere’sacallforyouonLine2.revealed

bother

6.ThelitterwasblownaroundbythewindasI

overtopickitup.7.Whatmanychildrenwanttodoafterschoolistopickupascreen—anyscreen—

and

⁠atitforhours.bent

stare

8.Shewasdeeply

ofherbehaviourattheparty.9.Shefoundherselfin

withherparentsoverherfuturecareer.10.Asamatteroffact，itisnot

ajob，butawayoflife.ashamed

conflict

merely

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Inherthirties，she

herselfasanathlete.Later，shebecamea

coach.(distinguish)2.Hestrongly

oftheconstructionofthestadium，buttheprojecthasthegovernment’sstampof

.(approve)3.Thegovernmentisaimingatfull

andappealstolocal

⁠

toemploymore

.(employ)distinguished

distinguished

disapproves

approval

employment

employers

employees

4.Theyaretwinsisters.It’shardtotellthe

⁠betweentheminappearance.

However，theyare

fromeachotherinhabitsandtheyalso

⁠from

eachotherinmanyotherways.(differ)difference

different

differ

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Theseatofthecaris

，soyoucan

⁠itaccordingtoyourheight.Butbecarefultoensuresafetywhenyoumakethe

.(adjust)adjustable

adjust

adjustment

6.Thethemepark，wherethereare

kindsofamusementfacilities，

offersa

ofthingstoplaywith.Manyvisitors，whoseages

⁠between3and60，gototheparktohavefun.(vary)7.Jackieisexperiencinghighlevelsof

andcan’tsleepatnight.Sohisparents

are

forhim.They

⁠waitforapsychologisttohelptheirson.(anxiety)8.The

scenemademe

⁠.Iwentbrightpinkwith

.(embarrass)various/varied

variety

vary

anxiety

anxious

anxiously

embarrassing

embarrassed

embarrassment

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ9.Historyismy

⁠subjectsoIdecidetomajorinhistoryincollege.Myparents

arein

ofmydecision.(favour)10.Ifindithardtoworkathomebecausetherearetoomany

.Thekids，

thehousework，andthevideogameskeep

mefrommywork.(distract)favourite

favour

distractions

distracting

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子bycontrast

makeinferences

breakdownstraightenup

inotherwords

callon1.Shefailedtheexamagain.

，hersisterdiditverywell.2.Scottandhisteamgotintoadifficultsituationbecausetheirsledges(雪橇)

⁠

⁠.3.

slowly，thenrepeattheexercisetentimes.Bycontrast

brokedown

Straightenup

4.Heisamanwhoyoucantrust.

，heisareliableman.5.Youcan

⁠abouttheresultsaccordingtothecluesofthestory.6.Iamwritingto

⁠allofyoutomakeeffortstoprotecttheocean.Inotherwords

makeinferences

callon

ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅣ.句式仿写1.抖音因各种短视频而越来越被青少年所接受。看短视频是消磨时间的一个方法。

(awaytodosth.)TikTokisbecomingincreasinglyacceptedbyteenagersduetoitsvariousshortvideos.

Watchingthemcanbe

⁠.awaytokilltime

2.最近的一项调查显示，并非所有学生都在业余时间进行体育锻炼。(部分否定)Arecentsurveyshowsthat

⁠intheirsparetime.notallthestudentstakephysicalexercise

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.如何让孩子远离电脑游戏已成为许多家长迫切要解决的问题。(疑问词＋不定式)

⁠hasbecomeanurgentproblemfor

manyparents.Howtogetchildrenawayfromcomputergames

3.社交媒体虽然使我们的生活更加便利，但也有一些负面影响。(while引导的让步状语从句)

，socialmediahassomenegativeeffects.Whileitmakesourlifemoreconvenient

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ

Thesignificanceofnonverbalcommunicationcan’tbeignored.Appropriate

gesturescanbeveryusefulforinteraction.

By

comparisonwithverbalcommunication，bodylanguageismoregenuinebecauseitcanrevealourinternalthoughtsandfeelings.Butbodylanguageisnotalwaysreliable.Peoplemayadjusttheirexpressionstohidetheirtruefeelings.Forexample，afakesmilecanbeemployedtohidefeelingslikebeingashamedorembarrassed.Therefore，weshoulddistinguishrealfeelingsfrombodylanguagewewitnesswithcare.

Generally，bodylanguageisuniversal.Forexample，asinceresmilecanbreak

downlanguagebarriers，butsomegesturesvaryfromculturetoculture.Togreetothers，somemayshakehandsorbowfromthewaistwhileothersfavourkissingpeopleonthecheek.Besides，anidenticalgesturemaydemonstratedifferentmeanings.Forexample，thumbsup，thewidelyrecognizedsigntoapprove，isactuallyinterpretedashighlyoffensiveincertaincountries.Toavoidconflicts，wemustlearnaboutthegesturesbeforewecall

onsomebodyinanewplace.

1vary

vi.(根据情况)变化；改变；(大小、形状等)相异1.[北师必修①-1]Ialsoshopfor

(vary)thingsonline，suchasbooks，

computerhardwareandothernecessities.2.WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootonthecontinentofNorthAmerica，theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishing

(vary)ofwildlife.various

variety

3.Roomsvary

sizeandsomeareequippedwithatelevisionandtelephone.in

4.学校有各种各样的俱乐部，鼓励学生发展兴趣爱好。(兴趣爱好)→①

，encouragingstudentstodeveloptheirinterests.

(various)→②

⁠intheschooltoencourage

studentstodeveloptheirinterests.(variety)Theschoolhasvariousclubs

Thereisavarietyofclubs/Therearevarietiesofclubs

5.对这件事的看法因人而异。

(vary)Opinionsonthismattervaryfrompersontoperson.

教材尊享·点拨本句可用于观点类书面表达的写作中，后面跟some...others...，用来介绍不同或

对立的观点。★varyfrom...to...根据……的不同而变化varyfrom...to/varybetween...and...从……到……不等varyin...在……方面不同varywith...随……而变化★variousadj.各种各样的★varietyn.不同种类；变化；多样化avarietyof＝varietiesof＝various各种各样的2approve

vi.赞成；同意

vt.批准；通过1.Manyyoungsters(少年)nowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublic

(approve)theygetonline，oftenthrough＂likes＂.2.Someofthemapprove

⁠theideathatitisgoodtostartlearningEnglishinchildhood.approval

of

3.Herparentsapprovedofher

(earn)moneyinhersparetime，warningher

nottoneglectherstudies.earning

4.如果我的申请能得到您的批准，我将不胜感激。(申请信)

⁠教材尊享·点拨Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyourapproval.

Iwouldappreciateitif...如果……我将不胜感激。注意主从句都要用一般过去时，表示委婉的请求。★approveof...赞成……；同意……approveof(sb./sb.’s)doingsth.同意/赞成(某人)做某事★disapprovev.不同意approvaln.同意；赞成；批准3witness

vt.当场看到；目击；见证

n.目击者；证人1.TheAncientSilkRoadisawitness

theSino-Europeanexchangesoverthousands

ofyears.2.警方呼吁凡是目击这一事件的人都要与他们联系。Policehavecalledonanyone

⁠tocontactthem.to

whowitnessedtheincident

3.过去的几十年见证了在线新闻媒体的快速发展。→

①

⁠

(witnessv.)→②

⁠

(witnessn.)Thepastdecadeshavewitnessedtherapiddevelopmentofonlinenewsmedia.

Thepastdecadeshavebeenawitnesstotherapiddevelopmentofonlinenewsmedia.

★witnesssth.目击/目睹某事★be(a)witnesstosth.目击；看见；见证bear/givewitnessto为……作证；证明4favour

vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于

n.帮助；恩惠；赞同1.Igenerallyfavour

(run)intheearlymorning，whentheroadsarequiet.2.Itgavemeabigthrilltomeetmy

(favour)authorinperson.3.毋庸置疑，机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。(读后续写之主旨升华)Undoubtedly，opportunitiesandsuccess

⁠.running

favourite

tendtofavourthosewhoareready

4.我们真诚地希望你能帮我们一个忙，把我们英语课本上的一个故事改编成短剧。

(求助信)Wesincerelyhopeyoucan

⁠andhelpadaptastoryfromourEnglish

textbookforashortplay.dousafavour

★favourdoingsth.更喜欢做某事★dosb.afavour帮某人的忙asksb.afavour＝askafavourofsb.请求某人帮忙

infavourof赞成；支持★favourableadj.有利的；良好的；赞成的favouriteadj.特别受喜爱的5distinguish

vi.&

vt.

区分；辨别

vt.使出众；使著名1.[人教选必④-1]Itwouldnotbesurprisingifwefounditdifficulttodistinguishbetweenreality

⁠sciencefictioninthefuture.2.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent，ambition，energyandluckmadeDickens

sucha

(distinguish)writer.and

distinguished

3.杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名，每年都有大批游客前来游览。(景点介绍)

⁠

(witness，过去分词短语作状语)Distinguishedforitsattractivescenery，Hangzhouwitnesseslargenumbersoftourists

everyyear.

4.读好书不仅能丰富我们的思想，还能教会我们辨别是非。(演讲稿)

Readinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourmindsbutalsoteachustodistinguish

betweenrightandwrong.

⁠

⁠★distinguish...from...使……有别于……；从……区分……distinguishbetween...and...区分……和……distinguishoneself(as/by...)(作为/因……)出众；著名bedistinguishedfor/as...因为/作为……而著名★distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的

6ashamed

adj.羞愧；惭愧；因惭愧而不情愿1.Ireallyfeltashamed

⁠myselffailingtolendahandtomyneighbourwhenheaskedmeafavour.2.Everystudentshouldkeepinmindthatit’swrongand

(shame)tocheatin

exams！3.Iamashamed

(admit)thatIliedtomybestfriend.of

shameful

toadmit

4.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered，andit’sashame

Idon’thavemuchuseforit.that

5.我既尴尬又羞愧，无法集中精力做任何事情。(读后续写之心理描写)

(形容词作状语)Embarrassedandashamed，Ican’tconcentrateonanything.

★be/feelashamedof...为……感到羞愧beashamedtodosth.耻于做某事；不情愿做某事★shamen.羞耻；惭愧；让人遗憾的事Itisashamethat...真可惜……★shamefuladj.可耻的；不体面的7adjust

vt.调整；调节

vi.&

vt.

(使)适应；(使)习惯1.Flexiblepeoplearehighlyadaptableandcanadjustquickly

⁠newsituations.2.Someschoolswillhavetomake

(adjust)inagreementwiththenational

soccerreform.to

adjustments

教师尊享·点拨

inagreementwith意为＂同意，与……一致＂，＂in＋名词＋with＂可看作复合

介词，类似的词很多。例如：incommonwith与……有共同之处；incompanywith

与……一起；incomparisonwith与……比较。3.Adjustyourlanguage

⁠theageofyouraudience.4.Soafterthecamp，Irealisedthat

(调整我的生活方式非常重要).5.作为交换生，我花了很长时间才适应澳大利亚的生活。→①Asanexchangestudent，

⁠.(take，adjustto)→②Asanexchangestudent，

⁠.(spend，adjustoneselftosth.)to

itwasveryimportanttoadjustmylifestyle

ittookmealongtimetoadjusttolivinginAustralia

IspentalongtimeadjustingmyselftothelifeinAustralia

★adjust...to...调整……以适应……adjustto(doing)sth.习惯/适应(做)某事adjustoneselftosth.使自己适应某事★adjustmentn.调整；适应makeadjustments/anadjustment(to...)

(对……)做出调整★adjustableadj.可调节的8break

down

打倒，砸破；(使)分解；(机器)损坏，出故障；(谈判等)失败，突然停

止；被搞垮，垮掉；消除结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义1.[外研必修②-6]Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown，butmuchlesstimeforpaper.

⁠(使)分解

2.[外研选必③-4]That’sanoldfacility.Therobotstherewereboundtobreakdown

soonerorlater.

⁠⁠出故障

4.Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithno

agreementreached.

⁠5.Hishealthhascompletelybrokendownunderthestressofheavywork.

⁠(谈判等)失败

垮掉

⁠3.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise，togreetsomeone，

toaskforhelp，ortostartaconversation.

⁠消除

9call

on

(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请1.[外研必修②-6]Wearewritingthislettertocall

everyonetotakepartintheClearYourPlatecampaign.on

off

2.Theconferencehadbeeneventuallycalled

，sowewenthomeinstead.3.Workinginspacecalls

aspecialcombinationofskill，talentandbraveryaswellasphysicalandmentalstrength.4.Carswithseriousfaultshavebeencalled

⁠bythemanufacturers.for

in

教师尊享·点拨

callonsb.todosth.结构可用于倡议类书面表达的写作中。★calloff取消

callup给……打电话；使想起callatsp.访问/拜访(某地)；停靠callfor需要；(公开)要求callin叫来；打来电话；下令收回10部分否定1.虽然网上购物改变了我们的生活，但并非所有的影响都是积极的。→①Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，

⁠.(not修饰主语)→②Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，

⁠.(not修饰谓语)notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive

allofitseffectshaven’tbeenpositive

2.遗憾的是，并不是每个人都意识到野生动物有平等的生存权利。→①Unfortunately，

⁠thatwildlifehasequalrightstosurvive.(not修饰主语)→②Unfortunately，

⁠thatwildlifehasequalrightstosurvive.(not修饰谓语)noteveryonehasrealised

everyonehasnotrealised

教师尊享·点拨在部分否定结构中，not既可以修饰主语，也可以修饰谓语，not的位置不影响意义的表达。3.科学家们提出了许多关于人类为什么哭的理论，但都没有得到证实。Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscry，

⁠

.(＂代词＋ofwhich＂引导的定语从句)4.汤姆请杰克和彼得和他一起去听音乐会，但他们都不想去。TomasksJackandPetertogototheconcertwithhim，but

⁠

⁠.noneofwhichhas

beenproved

neither(ofthem)wantsto

教师尊享·点拨

bothofthemdon’twantto表示＂并非两人都想去＂，即一个人不想去。★部分否定：all，everybody，everything，both，always等代词或副词与not连用，表示＂并非都是，不是每个都是＂。★全部否定：(1)否定词not＋any/anybody/anything/anywhere等；(2)表示全部否定意义的词(no，never，none，nobody，nothing，noone，neither

等)＋

表示肯定意义的谓语。

词根-act-

从[构词示例]中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。1.[人教选必③-3]Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriate

，thiswarmingtrendwillprobablycontinueandtherewillbeahigherpricetopay.2.[人教选必②-1]Manyscientistssubscribetotheviewthatitishuman

⁠that

hascausedglobalwarming.actions

activity

3.Encouragedbythepositive

oftheaudience，Icontinuedtoplaythepiano

andenjoyeditmore.4.RowanAtkinsonisanEnglish

，whomweknowbestasMrBean.5.Teachershavealimitedamountoftime

⁠witheachchild.reaction

actor

tointeract

Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawide

(vary)，includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(刹车)，bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排挡)，bikeswithchildseats，andchildren’sbikes.variety

ⅠⅡⅢ2.[2023全国乙]Accordingtoanew