大学英语四级模拟试卷249

大学英语四级模拟试卷249

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionentitledPunctualityin

atleast120words.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegivenbelow:1.你

对守时的看法2.人们不守时的借口以及你对此的评论3.你的结论

标准答案：MyViewonPunctualityPunctualityisoneofthemainconstituentsofgood

character.Apersonwhoisalwaysontimefbrappointmentsshowsrealconsiderationfor

others.Butapersonwhoisalwayslateshowshisselfishnessandthoughtlessnessand

thatheisnotworthytobefriendswith.Somepeopleoftensaythattheycannotalwaysbe

punctualsincetrafficissoheavythesedays.ithinktrafficcongestioncannotbean

excuseforbeinglate.Asweknow,itisnotunusualthatwcgetcaughtinatrafficjamon

theway.Whatwcshoulddoistoleaveabitearlierfortheappointmenttoensurethatwe

won'tbelate.Sometimespeoplegivetheexcusethattheyhavemetafriendontheway

orhelpedablindmantocrossthestreet.Somealsoliketoblametheirwatches,the

clocksathomeorintheoffice.Tosuchpeople,wecannothelpbutsayyoualwayshave

readyexcusesathand.Yetafterallsuchsmartfellowswillsoonfindthatgraduallythey

willlosetheirfriendsaswellastheirbusinesspartners.Onlythenmaytheyrealizehow

importantpunctualityis.So,bepunctualfbryourownsakeaswellasfbrothers'salve.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

HowtoRemember:SomeBasicPrinciplesHowdoyoucommunicatesomethingyou've

forgotten?Youcan't!Now'sthetimetofitmemoryintothecommunicationpicture.Don't

becontentwitha10percentlevelofremembering.Tapintothefollowingthreebasic

lawsandtriplethatfigure.Afterall,improvedmemorymeansimprovedcommunication.

THEPREREQUISITESMostofus,psychologistssay,don'tusemorethan10percentof

ournativeabilitytoremember.That'scomparabletorunningacarononeortwo

cylindersandjustpokingalong.Whydon'tweusemoreofourinherentmemorypower?

Thereareseveralanswers.First,becausewehaven'tbeentrainedto.Nowhereinour

schoolingwerewctaughthowtouseourpowersofmemory.Andsecond,becausewc

oftenjustdon'tcare.AndthatleadsmetothethreethingsthatIfeelareessentialtoa

morepowerfulmemory.First,youmusthaveaburningdesiretoimproveyourmemory.

Youmustcareaboutit.Mostpeoplestrugglealongwithpoormemories,enduring

endlessfrustrationsandembarrassmentsintheirdailylives,becausetheyjustdon'twant

tobebotheredrememberingtheconstantbarrageofnames,numbers,facts,and

information.Whatyouhavetodoisremindyourselfofthemanybenefitsofagood

memory:theincreasedconfidenceIpromisedyou,thepopularityandthepeaceofmind.

Aren'tthosethreealoneenoughtostiradesireinyoutoimprove?Thesecond

prerequisiteistheabilitytoconcentrate.Youwillbeeffectiveinrememberingtothe

degreethatyouareenoughtoconcentrate.Ashortperiodofintenseconcentrationwill

oftenenableyoutoaccomplishmorethanyearsofdreaming.Thethirdprerequisitewas

revealedtomebyformerPostmaster-GeneralJamesFarleyofNewYorkCity.Mr.

Farleywascitedbyassociatesforhavingthemostremarkablememoryinthiscentury.I

askedhimhissecret."There'snorealsecret,"hesaid."Yousimplymustlovepeople.If

youdo,youwon'thaveanytroublerememberingtheirnames,andalotmoreaboutthem

thanthat."Andthafstheihirdessential:Youmustcareaboutpeople.Itwasn'tlongafter

1talkedtoMr.FarleythatIcameacrossaninterestinglinefromAlexanderPope."How

vastamemoryhaslove,"hewrote.Certainlyadeeperinterestinpeople,andinyour

workaswell,shouldmakeyourdesiretorememberandyourconcentrationmucheasier.

THEBASICLAWSVisualize.Nowyou'rereadytolearnthebasictechniquesfor

developingyourmemory.Thefirstessentialistovisualize.Picturewhatyouwantto

remember.Since85percentofallyoulearnandrememberinlifereachesyouthrough

youreyes,itisabsolutelyvitalthatyouvisualizethethingsyouwanttorecalllater.To

dothat,youmustaboveallbecomeaware.Andawarenessinvolvesbecomingbotha

keenobserverandanactivelistener.Youhavetoseeclearlyandhearaccuratelyinorder

topicturevividlywhatycuwanttoremember.Toomanypeoplegothroughlifeonly

partlyawake,onlypartlyaware.Theydon'tforgetnames;theyneverhearthemclearlyin

thefirstplace.Thatartofretentionistheartofattention.Becomecurious,observant,and

sensitivetoeverythingaroundyou.Seetheroofdetailonthatoldbuilding.Noticethe

differencebetweenthetreegreensofAprilandofAugust.Hearthedifferencebetween

thesirensofanambulance,afiretrack,apolicecar.Sharpenyoursensesofsightand

hearing-they'rethemostimportant.Together,thosetwosensesaccountfor95percent

ofourmemorypower.Twoancientsayingshighlighttheimportanceofvisualizing."One

limeseeingisworthathousandtimeshearing."And"Apictureisworthtenthousand

words."Repeat.Ifschooldidn'tbothertoteachusformalmemorywork,itdidteachus

theneedforrepeating.Wsweretaughttomemorizebyrepeatingapoem,adate,orthe

alphabetoverandoveragain.Radioandtelevisioncommercialsrelyheavilyonrepetition

toremindlistenerstobuy,buy,buy.IsthereanAmericanwhodoesn'trecognize"Tryit,

you'lllikeit"or"Ican'tbelieveIalethewholething"?BurgerKing'sfamousHHaveit

yourway*'line,"You,you'retheone.*'Whensloganslikethesearesettomusic,people

don'tjustrememberthem—theyevensingthem.Andthereyouhavethesecretof

success:repetition.Associate.Beforewegetintoactualdemonstrationsofthekindsof

memoryandtheapplicationoftechniques,there'sonemorekeytomemory,andit'sthe

mostimportant.Theoneindispensablefundamentalistherequirementthatyouassociate

anythingyouwanttorecalllater.Associationisthenaturalaswellastheeasywayto

assureinstantrecall.Yourbrainismoreremarkablethaneventhemostamazing

computerintheworld.Andtheprincipleonwhichitworksisassociation.Thebrainis,in

fact,anassociatingmachine.Torecallaname,date,orfact,whatthebrainneedsisacue,

aclue.Let'sstepbackintohistoryforamoment.Over2000yearsagoAristotledefined

whathecalledthePrimaryLawsofAssociation.ThereistheLawofResemblanceor

Similarity,whereoneimpressiontendstobringtomindanotherimpressionwhich

resemblesitinsomeway.ThereistheLawofContrastorOpposites,whichsaysthat

wheretherearetwoormoreopposingimpressions,thepresenceofonewilltendtorecall

theothers.AndfinallythereistheLawofContiguityorTogetherness.Iftwoormore

impressionsoccuratthesametime,orfollowcloseononeanotherineithertimeor

spacejhinkingofonewillrecalltheother.TherearesecondaryLawsofAssociationas

well,andtheseareknownasRecency,Frequency,andVividness.Recencymeanswe

tendtorecallassociationsmaderecentlymuchbetterthanthosemademonthsoryears

ago.Frequency,impliesthatthemoreoftenyourepeatanassociation,theeasieritwillbe

torecall.Andvividnessmeansthatthemoregraphicorstrikingtheassociationis,the

quickeryou'llbeabletorecallit.Insummary,therequirementsforimprovingyour

memoryarcconcentration,adesiretoremember,andaloveforpeople.Andthe

techniquesfbrmastering:heartofmemoryarevisualizing,repeating,andassociating.

Onefinaln6te,thistimeonhowtostudy:Memorizinganythingiseasierandfasterwhen

youpracticeforahalfhourorso,andthengooffandfbrgelitforawhile.Workagain

laterforanotherhalfhour,thentakeanotherbreak.Testshaveprovedtimeandtime

againthatwelearnbetterandfasterwhenwealternateworkandrestinasortofwave

pattern.Therestperiodactuallyreinforcesthelearning.Nowthen,canyourememberall

that?

2、Psychologistsbelievethathumanbeingscanonlyuse1Opercentoftheirinbornability

toremember.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此句误解了第二段第一句"Mostofus,psychologistssay,dorTtuse

morethan10percentofournativeabilitytoremember.”的意思。原文的意思是心理

学家认为我们大多数人仅仅使用不超过人类所具备的记忆能力的10%,但并不是

说记忆能力不能超过10%。

3、Wemightusemoreofournativememorypowerifwelearnthowtouseitatschool.

A、Y

B、N

C>NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第三段的前半段的意思与此题相同。

4、Ifyouwanttohaveamorepowerfulmemory,firstyoushouldlearnmoreaboutthe

structureofyourbrain.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：c

知识点露析：此句的意思在本文中并没有提及。

5、Theauthortakeslovingpeopleasthethirdprerequisiteformemorizingbecause

lovingothersproducesyourdesiretorememberandmakesyourconcentrationmuch

easier.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此句与第六、七、八段意思相符。这三段的中心思想是爱他人有助于

产生记忆的愿望。

6、Oneofthebasiclawsfordevelopingyourmemoryistovisualizeeverythingthat

happensaroundyoueveryday.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此句与第九段第四句话“Since85percentofallyoulearnandremember

inlifereachesyouthroughyoureyes,itisabsolutelyvitalthatyouvisualizethethings

youwanttorecalllater.”意思不符。

7、BurgerKing'ssucceededinusingthepowerofrepetitionintheiradvertising.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此句与第十二段的内容一致，即BurgerKing在广告宣传中成功地利

用了重复的作用。

8、Themustimpurlaiilbasiclawfuriinpruvingyourineiiioryisluassouialeanylhing

youwouldliketorecalllater.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此句与第十三段第一、二句话"Beforewegetintoactualdemonstrations

ofthekindsofmemoryandtheapplicationoftechniques,there'sonemorekeyto

memory,andit'sthemostimportant.Theoneindispensablefundamentalisthe

requirementthatyouassociateanythingyouwanttorecalllater.”的意思相符。

9、Oneessentialfactorforbettermemorj,mentionedinParagraph4is.

标准答案：aburningdesire/desire/havingaburningdesire

知识点解析：此题可以从第四段第一句"First,youmusthaveaburningdesireto

improveyourmemory.”中找至I」答案。

10、ThelinefromAlexanderPopewastoemphasizetheimportanceof.

标准答案：caringaboutpeople

知识点解析：此题可以从第八段前三句中找到答案。

11>Thispassageismainlyabouthowto.

标准答案：improvememory

知识点解析：此题的答案是对全文阅读理解的总结。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Shetookahistoryclasslastyear.

B、Shedoesn'ttrusttheman'swords.

CNShedidn'tlikehersociologyprofessor.

D、Sheprobablywon'ttakeanyhistoryclass.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A^3hours.

B、4hours.

C、5hours.

D^6hours.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

A、Shewasafraidshemightbekepttoolate.

Shewouldhavesomethingmoreimportanttodo.

C、Shehadtomeetafriendofhers.

D、Shewasnotinthemoodtoattendtheparty.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Gotothelabforaquicklook.

B、Checkonwhat'sfbrdinner.

C、Havearunbeforetheyeat.

D、Goandseeiftheyhavedroppedanythinginthelab.

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A^Shewantstoreturntheskirtherhusbandbought.

B、Shewantstobuyanotherskirt.

C、Shewantstochangetheblueskirtforayellowone.

D、Shewantstochangetheyellowskirtforablueone.

标准答案：D」-

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A、1hesummerhasbeenunusuallyhot.

B、Theman'sairconditionerisbroken.

C^Themanhasn'tusedhisairconditioner.

D、Themandoesn'thaveairconditioning.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A、Sheagreeswiththeman.

B、Themanmissedthelaststudysession.

C、Shedidn'tunderstandthelastchemistryclass.

D、Themanshouldbemoreseriousabouthisstudies.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A^Ameterman.

B、Atrafficofficer.

C、Acabdriver.

D、Aticketseller.

标准答案.C

知识点露斤：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共7题，每题7.0

分，共7分。）

20、

A^Thursday.

B、Friday.

C>Saturday.

D、Sunday.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Gooutwithsomefriends.

B、Showhissisterandbrother-in-lawaround.

C、Sleepallafternoon.

D、Gotoafootballgame.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Theywillhavetimetostudyforit.

Afternoonsarebadtimesfortests.

C、Afterit,theycanprepareforotherexams.

D、Theycanstartplanningfortheirsemesterbreak.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

23、

A^Hewasadoctor.

BNHewasawriter.

C、Hewasanactor.

D^Hewasateacher.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

A^Presscertainpointsaroundtheeyeswiththefingers.

B>Lookaldistantobjectsbymovingtheeyesfromsidetoside.

C、Dooutdoorexercisesdally.

D^Stareatacalendarontheclassroomwall.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A、ToreadthebookbythefamousBritishwriter.

B、Tocovertheireyesduringaperiodofintensivereading.

C、TovisitdoctorsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.

D、Torelaxtheireyesfrequentlywhilereading.

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、

A、Inabout20years.

Withinaweek.

C、Inacoupleofweeks.

D、Asearlyaspossible.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共8题，每题7.0

分，共8分。）

27、

A、Hecan'tfindhisofficekey.

B、Hehasmisplacedsomeexams.

C、Heisunabletotalk.

D、Hedoesn'tlikehisclassroom.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A^Markthelatesthomeworkassignment.

B、Putacancellationnoticeontheclassroomdoor.

C、Makeanappointmeniwiththedoctor.

D^Returnsomeexamstohisstudents.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A、TeachBrain'sclassv/hilehe'sabsent.

B、GiveProf.SmiththekeytoBrain'soffice.

C>LeaveamessageontheboardinBrain'soffice.

D、BringBrainthehomeworkthatwasduetoday.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A、ToputthehomeworkonBrain'sdesk.

B、ToleavethemasterkeyforBrain.

C、TogiveBrain'sstudentsthenextassignment.

D、TocallBrainattheendoftheafternoon.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A^TheywanttochangethewayEnglishistaught.

TheylearnEnglishtofindwelluptopaidjobs.

C、Theywanttohaveanup-to-dateknowledgeofEnglish.

D、Theyknowclearlywhattheywanttolearn.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、Professionals.

B、Collegestudents.

C^Beginners.

D、intermediatelearners.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

33、

A、Coursesfordoctors.

B、CoursesforbusinessEnglish.

C、Coursesfbrreporters.

D、Coursesfbrlawyers.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Threegroupsoflearners.

B、TheimportanceofbusinessEnglish.

C^EnglishforSpecificPurposes.

D、FeaturesofEnglishfordifferentpurposes.

标准答案.C

知识点露斤：暂无解析

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

35、

A、BecausethestateofCaliforniaismuchlarger.

B>BecausetheelectronicsignaltravelsfasterinMexico.

C、Becausethequake'sshockwavesarestrongerinCalifornia.

D、BecausequakecentersaremuchclosertopopulationcentersinCalifornia.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A、Itbreaksdownattimes.

B、Thealarmssometimesdonotsound.

C、Therearealotoffalsealarmsforsmallquakes.

D、Thecomputercontro'Iingthesystemgiveswrongordersoccasionally.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

37、

A、Neglecttheproblemsandpaychiefattentiontoitsbenefits.

Makeimprovementstothesystem.

C、Abandonthesystemandbuildanewone.

D、IntroduceabettersystemfromtheUnitedStates.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

Unlesswespendmoneytospotandstopasteroids（小行星）now,onemightcrashinto

Earthanddestroylifeasweknowit,saysomescientists.Asteroidsarebigger[Bl]

ofthemeteoroids（iiitffl.）that[B2]acrossthenightsky.Mostorbitthe

sunfarfromEarthanddon't[B3]us.Buttherearealsothousandsofasteroids

whoseorbitsputthemona[B4]coursewithEarth.Buy$50million[B5]

ofnewtelescopesrightnow.Thenspend$10millionayearforthenext25years

to[B6]mostofthespacerocks.Bythetimewe[B7]afatalone,the

scientistssay,wellhaveawaytochangeitscourse.Somescientistsfavor[B8]

asteroidsoffcoursewithnuclearweapons.Butthecostwouldn'tbecheap.Isit

worthit?[B9].Expertsthinkanasteroidbigenoughtodestroylotsoflife

mightstrikeEarthonceevery500,000years.[BIO]."Ifwedon'ttakecareof

thesebigasteroids,they'lltakecareofus,Hsaysonescientist."It'sthatsimple."[Bl1]

"Theworldhaslesstofearfromdoomsday（毁灭性的）rocksthanfromagreat

nuclearfleetsetagainstthem,1'saidaNewYorkTimesarticle.

38、[Bl]

标准答案：versions

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B2]

标准答案：race

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B3]

标准答案：threaten

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B4]

标准答案：collision

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B5]

标准答案：worth

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B6]

标准答案：locate

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B7]

标准答案：spot

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B8]

标准答案：pushing

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[B9]

标准答案：Twothingsexpertsconsiderwhenjudginganyriskarc:1）Howlikelythe

eventis;and2）Howbadtheconsequencesiftheeventoccurs.

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[BIO]

标准答案：Soundsprettyrarebutifonedidfall,itwouldbetheendoftheworld.

知识点解析：暂无解析.

48、[Bll]

标准答案：Thecure,though,mightbeworsethanthedisease.Dowereallywantfleets

ofnuclearweaponssittingaroundonEarth?

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、阅读（选词填空）（本题共10题，每题分，共

70分。）

Foreign-bornemployeesoftenobservethatAmericansspendaninordinateamountof

timeworkingand,asa[SI],havelittletimeforleisureorpersonal

relationships.InAmericanEnglish,theword[S2]"describespeoplewhoare

asaddictedtotheirworkasanalcoholicistoliquor.Thereare[S3].pointsof

viewaboutworkaholics.Fromsomepointsofview,theyareseenasvaluablemembersof

societybecausetheyareextremelyproductiveandembodythevaluesofachievementand

efficiency.Increasingly,however,those[S4]withproblemsofmentalstress

believethatworkaholiclifestyleisharmfultopersonalandfamilylife.Somepeopleare

workaholicsintheirtwentiesandthirties,butin[S5]maychangetheir

priorities.Some,althoughcertainlynotall,realizethattheydonothaveto"prove

ihemselves*'throughtheirworkaccomplishmentsandachievements.Originally,attitudes

towardworkintheUnitedStatesweregreatly[S6]bythe"workethic",which

motivatedpeopletoworkhardtobecome[S7].Thisethic,whichoriginated

withthePuritan(清教)[S8]thatmaterialsuccesswasasignofGod'sfavor.

Workwasthusimbued(使...充满)withthequalityofgoodness.Thosewhoachieved

successwereamongGods"chosen"andwouldgotoheaven.Intheworkplacethisvalue

translatesintoaneedforsavinglime,[S9]time,accountingfortime,and

allottingtimeforvariousactivities.Inbusiness,timeiscarefullyscheduled.Manypeople

useappointmentcalendarsthatareprintedwithfifteen-,thirteen,andsixteen-minutelime

slots.Atmeetings,peopleoftendecide[S10]oftimehowmanyminutesthey

willspendoneachitemontheagenda.A)budgetingB)relationshipC)relationshipsD)

influencedE)concernedF)viewG)mid-lifeH)beliefI)successfulJ)aheadK)

consequenceL)attitudesM)conflictingN)workaholicO)various

49、[SI]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：asaconsequence是固定短语，意为“其结果是

50、[S2]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：根据本文第二句后半句“…describespeoplewhoareasaddictedtotheir

workasanalcoholicistoliquor”得知，答案是workaholic0该词的意思是“工作狂"。

51、[S3]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：此句的意思是“人们对工作狂有不同的看法“。conflicting意为“相互冲

突的

52、[S4]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：此处用过去分词短语concernedwithproblemsofmentalstress作those

的定语。

53、[S5]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：目据上文的意思“一些人在二、三十岁时是工作狂”，然后用but表示

转折，可以看出，他们在中年时发生了变化。

54、[S6]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处用过去分词与were连用构成被动语态作句子的谓语。

55、[S7]

标准答案；I

知识点解析：根据此句的意思，人们努力工作的目的是获得成功。become后面应

接形容词作表语。

56、[S8]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：religiousbelief意为“宗教信仰”。

57、[S9]

标准答案：A

知识点解析:budgeting与saving,accountingfor及allotting并列在句中作介词for

的宾语，budgetingtime意为“安排时间”。

58、[S10]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：aheadoftime意为“提早，事先”。

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共70分。）

Perhapsthemostimportantdefiningcharacteristicofahumanbeingisculture.Theterm

cultureasusedhereisnotlimitedtooperas,paintings,andotherartisticendeavors.These

arcseenbyanthropologists（人类学家）asexamplesofculture:cultureitselfisthe

customarymannerinwhichhumangroupslearntoorganizetheirbehaviorandthoughtin

relationtotheirenvironment.Definedinthismanner,culturehasthreeprincipalaspects:

behavioral,perceptualandmaterial.Thebehavioralcomponentreferstohowpeopleact,

especiallyhowtheyinteractwitheachother.Inchildrearing（养育）,forexample,parents

andchildrentendtointeractinarelativelypatternedfashion.Thenthereisthemannerof

perception,thewayspeopleperceivetheworld.Forexample,parentshavealimited

rangeofideasabouthowtheyshouldact,andwhatsignificanceparenthoodcarriesinthe

schemeofthings.Finally,thereisthematerialcomponentofculture-thephysical

objectsthatweproduce.Mostofwhatgoesintomakingupcultureisaresultoflearning-

-modifyingbehaviorinresponsetoexperiencewithinanenvironment.Learningis

practicallyuniversalamongorganisms.Butnootherorganismhasagreatercapacityfor

learningthanahuman,ordependsasmuchonlearnedbehaviorforitssurvival.While

thesurvivalofmostotherorganismsistosomeextentsafeguardedbyinstincts,humans

relyheavilyonculturefortheirsurvival.Peoplemustlearnhowtoliveinaparticular

socialandphysicalsetting,biologyplayingbutaminimal（最小的）role.Theideasand

modesofbehaviorthatconstituteculturearetransmittedlargelybyacomplexsystemof

symbolsthatincludeslanguage.Humanshaveevolvedanextremelycomplexsystemof

communicationthatisuniquetoourspecies.Withoutitthecreationofhumancultureas

weknowitwouldbeimpossible.

59、Whatisthedefinitionofculturegivenbyanthropologists?

A、Operas,paintingsandmanyotherartisticactivitiesasawhole.

B、Customarymannersofbehaviorandthoughtrelatedtotheenvironment.

C、Behavioral,perceptualandmaterialcomponentsinteractingwitheachother.

D^Thedifferentwayspeopleperceivethephysicalworld.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此题问人类学家给文化下的定义是什么。根据第一段第三句"Culture

itselfisthecustomarymannerinwhichhumangroupslearntoorganizetheirbehavior

andthoughtinrelationtotheirenvironment.”得知B项是答案。A、C、D三项内容

属于文化的范畴，但不是文化的定义。

60、Accordingtothepassage,thebehaviorofmakingtoolsforproducingmaterial

objectsshouldfallwithinthecategoryofcomponentofculture.

A、behavioral

B、perceptual

C^material

D、artistic

标准答案：c

知识点露析：此题问制作工具的行为属于文化构成的哪一个范畴。根据第一段最后

一句"Finally,thereisthematerialcomponentofculture-thephysicalobjectthatwe

produce.”可得知，制作东西属于物房文化，故C项是答总

61、Learningismostessentialfor.

A、alltheorganismstosurvive

alltheorganismstoacquirelearnedbehavior

C、humanbeingstorespondtoexperiencewithinanenvironment

D、humanbeingstosurviveandliveinasociety

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：此题问学习对什么来说是最基本的要素。从第二段最后一句"Butno

otherorganismhasagreatercapacityforlearningthanahuman,ordependsasmuchon

learnedbehaviorforitssurvival.”和第三段可以看出，人类是否可以生存下去取决

于学习行为，故D项正确。在A、B和C项中学习都不是基本要素。

62、What'stheelementtohumanculture?

A^Communicationinlanguage.

B>Biologicaladaptationtotheenvironment.

C、Safeguardingbyinstincts.

D^Learningtosurvive.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此题问人类文化的固有特点是什么。从最后一段可以看出，语言是人

类独有的进行交流的复杂系统。因而，A项是答案，B、C和D项中所表示的内容

不仅是人类文化所有，其他生物也可具有这些特点。

63WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?

A、Ihccapacitytorlearningcanonlybeobservedinhumanbeings.

B、Biologyplaysanimportantroleinhumans,livinginasocialandphysicalsetting.

C、Humanbehaviorandthoughtdonothaveanythingtodowithculture.

D、Iftherewerenolanguagecommunication,humanscouldn'thavecreatedthepresent

culture.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题问下面哪一种说法是正确的。根据全文最后两句话可以看出，D

项是文章持有的观点。A、B和C项内容与文章意思不符，故D项是答案。

ThebestkeptsecretinSanDiegoiswaitingtoofferyouadelightfulgetaway-without

leavingtown.Lessthanthreeyearsago,theParisiHotelwasjustanofficebuilding

abovetheshopsonthecornerofProspectStreet.Now,thatvaluablespaceisanintimate

luxuryhotel-withseveralroomsoverlookingtheocean.You'llbeamazedwhenyou

enterfromthecornerandascendthecurvingstaircasetothesecond-floorlobby.Itwill

takeyouintoadifferentworld.Whatwillyoufindwhenyouenterthelarge

contemporarylobbyisahandsomeandpeacefulspacethatwasdesignedwithahintof

Tuscany（托斯k娜，意大利中西部地名）initsmodernMediterranean（地中海式的）

style.Thelobbyhasalargefireplacewithcomfortablesofasinwarmneutralcolors

surroundingit.You'llfeelrelaxedjustsittingtherewithitsskylightoverheadlettingin

themorningsun.Alltheroomsaremorelikesuites,withlargecomfortablebeds,

beautifulbathsandstylishcustom-designedfurnishingsandartthroughout.TheParisi

Hotelistheperfectplacefbrseniorsbecauseit'squietandrestful-withonly20rooms.

Youwon'tfindmanyhotelslikethisinthecenterofatouristtown.Theshopsareall

aroundyou.Likewisefbrsomeofthecity'sbestrestaurants,youwillneverhavetotake

yourcaroutofthegarageduringyourstay.And,bytheway,theundergroundparkinglot

attheParisiHotelisfreeforhotelguests.Onceyoustayatthislittlegem（珍宝）,you'll

wanttoreturnagainandagain.Iknowwedo.It'saperfectplacefbrseniors.Ratesfor

standardsuitesbeginat$275.Youcancallthehotelforreservationat（858）454-1531.

TheParisiHotelislocatedat1111ProspectSt.rightacrossfromLaValencia.

64、ThePafisiHotelisdescribedas.

A、aluxuryhotelwithcomfortablefacilities

B、alargehotelfamousforitsroomsfacingtheocean

C>agoodplaceforescapingawayfromthenoisycity

D>atouristattractionfullofamazingcorners

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此题检测学生对第一段的理解：waitingtoofferyouadelightful

getaway-withoutleavingtown。该句中关键词是adelightfulgetaway-withoutleaving

town,即闹中取静之地。故C项是答案。其他三项则是表面意义。

65、Whenyouenterthe.obby,youwillfindthat.

A、itisdecoratedwithMediterraneanfurniture

B、thewallsarepaintedinwarmneutralbrightcolors

C、thereisalargefireplaceburningallthetime

D、sunlightcomesthroughthewindowintheslopingroof

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题问在现代化的大厅里你可以看到什么。从第三段最后一句

“You'llfeelrelaxedjustsittingthere—withitsskylightoverheadlettinginthemorning

sun.”可以得知，D项是答案。A,B和C项内容都与文章意思有出入。

66NWhyistheParisiHotelsuitableforoldpeople?

A、Becausealltheroomsarelikesuites.

Becauseithasfashionablefurnishings.

C、Becauseitisinthecenterofthetown.

DxBecauseitispeacefultostaythere.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题问为什么说帕瑞斯宾馆适合老年人居住。根据第五段第一句“The

HotelParisiistheperfectplaceforseniorsbecausei