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大学英语四级模拟试卷249
一、作文(本题共7题,每题7.0分,共7分。)
1、Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionentitledPunctualityin
atleast120words.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegivenbelow:1.你
对守时的看法2.人们不守时的借口以及你对此的评论3.你的结论
标准答案:MyViewonPunctualityPunctualityisoneofthemainconstituentsofgood
character.Apersonwhoisalwaysontimefbrappointmentsshowsrealconsiderationfor
others.Butapersonwhoisalwayslateshowshisselfishnessandthoughtlessnessand
thatheisnotworthytobefriendswith.Somepeopleoftensaythattheycannotalwaysbe
punctualsincetrafficissoheavythesedays.ithinktrafficcongestioncannotbean
excuseforbeinglate.Asweknow,itisnotunusualthatwcgetcaughtinatrafficjamon
theway.Whatwcshoulddoistoleaveabitearlierfortheappointmenttoensurethatwe
won'tbelate.Sometimespeoplegivetheexcusethattheyhavemetafriendontheway
orhelpedablindmantocrossthestreet.Somealsoliketoblametheirwatches,the
clocksathomeorintheoffice.Tosuchpeople,wecannothelpbutsayyoualwayshave
readyexcusesathand.Yetafterallsuchsmartfellowswillsoonfindthatgraduallythey
willlosetheirfriendsaswellastheirbusinesspartners.Onlythenmaytheyrealizehow
importantpunctualityis.So,bepunctualfbryourownsakeaswellasfbrothers'salve.
知识点解析:暂无解析
二、快速阅读理解(本题共70题,每题7.0分,共70
分。)
HowtoRemember:SomeBasicPrinciplesHowdoyoucommunicatesomethingyou've
forgotten?Youcan't!Now'sthetimetofitmemoryintothecommunicationpicture.Don't
becontentwitha10percentlevelofremembering.Tapintothefollowingthreebasic
lawsandtriplethatfigure.Afterall,improvedmemorymeansimprovedcommunication.
THEPREREQUISITESMostofus,psychologistssay,don'tusemorethan10percentof
ournativeabilitytoremember.That'scomparabletorunningacarononeortwo
cylindersandjustpokingalong.Whydon'tweusemoreofourinherentmemorypower?
Thereareseveralanswers.First,becausewehaven'tbeentrainedto.Nowhereinour
schoolingwerewctaughthowtouseourpowersofmemory.Andsecond,becausewc
oftenjustdon'tcare.AndthatleadsmetothethreethingsthatIfeelareessentialtoa
morepowerfulmemory.First,youmusthaveaburningdesiretoimproveyourmemory.
Youmustcareaboutit.Mostpeoplestrugglealongwithpoormemories,enduring
endlessfrustrationsandembarrassmentsintheirdailylives,becausetheyjustdon'twant
tobebotheredrememberingtheconstantbarrageofnames,numbers,facts,and
information.Whatyouhavetodoisremindyourselfofthemanybenefitsofagood
memory:theincreasedconfidenceIpromisedyou,thepopularityandthepeaceofmind.
Aren'tthosethreealoneenoughtostiradesireinyoutoimprove?Thesecond
prerequisiteistheabilitytoconcentrate.Youwillbeeffectiveinrememberingtothe
degreethatyouareenoughtoconcentrate.Ashortperiodofintenseconcentrationwill
oftenenableyoutoaccomplishmorethanyearsofdreaming.Thethirdprerequisitewas
revealedtomebyformerPostmaster-GeneralJamesFarleyofNewYorkCity.Mr.
Farleywascitedbyassociatesforhavingthemostremarkablememoryinthiscentury.I
askedhimhissecret."There'snorealsecret,"hesaid."Yousimplymustlovepeople.If
youdo,youwon'thaveanytroublerememberingtheirnames,andalotmoreaboutthem
thanthat."Andthafstheihirdessential:Youmustcareaboutpeople.Itwasn'tlongafter
1talkedtoMr.FarleythatIcameacrossaninterestinglinefromAlexanderPope."How
vastamemoryhaslove,"hewrote.Certainlyadeeperinterestinpeople,andinyour
workaswell,shouldmakeyourdesiretorememberandyourconcentrationmucheasier.
THEBASICLAWSVisualize.Nowyou'rereadytolearnthebasictechniquesfor
developingyourmemory.Thefirstessentialistovisualize.Picturewhatyouwantto
remember.Since85percentofallyoulearnandrememberinlifereachesyouthrough
youreyes,itisabsolutelyvitalthatyouvisualizethethingsyouwanttorecalllater.To
dothat,youmustaboveallbecomeaware.Andawarenessinvolvesbecomingbotha
keenobserverandanactivelistener.Youhavetoseeclearlyandhearaccuratelyinorder
topicturevividlywhatycuwanttoremember.Toomanypeoplegothroughlifeonly
partlyawake,onlypartlyaware.Theydon'tforgetnames;theyneverhearthemclearlyin
thefirstplace.Thatartofretentionistheartofattention.Becomecurious,observant,and
sensitivetoeverythingaroundyou.Seetheroofdetailonthatoldbuilding.Noticethe
differencebetweenthetreegreensofAprilandofAugust.Hearthedifferencebetween
thesirensofanambulance,afiretrack,apolicecar.Sharpenyoursensesofsightand
hearing-they'rethemostimportant.Together,thosetwosensesaccountfor95percent
ofourmemorypower.Twoancientsayingshighlighttheimportanceofvisualizing."One
limeseeingisworthathousandtimeshearing."And"Apictureisworthtenthousand
words."Repeat.Ifschooldidn'tbothertoteachusformalmemorywork,itdidteachus
theneedforrepeating.Wsweretaughttomemorizebyrepeatingapoem,adate,orthe
alphabetoverandoveragain.Radioandtelevisioncommercialsrelyheavilyonrepetition
toremindlistenerstobuy,buy,buy.IsthereanAmericanwhodoesn'trecognize"Tryit,
you'lllikeit"or"Ican'tbelieveIalethewholething"?BurgerKing'sfamousHHaveit
yourway*'line,"You,you'retheone.*'Whensloganslikethesearesettomusic,people
don'tjustrememberthem—theyevensingthem.Andthereyouhavethesecretof
success:repetition.Associate.Beforewegetintoactualdemonstrationsofthekindsof
memoryandtheapplicationoftechniques,there'sonemorekeytomemory,andit'sthe
mostimportant.Theoneindispensablefundamentalistherequirementthatyouassociate
anythingyouwanttorecalllater.Associationisthenaturalaswellastheeasywayto
assureinstantrecall.Yourbrainismoreremarkablethaneventhemostamazing
computerintheworld.Andtheprincipleonwhichitworksisassociation.Thebrainis,in
fact,anassociatingmachine.Torecallaname,date,orfact,whatthebrainneedsisacue,
aclue.Let'sstepbackintohistoryforamoment.Over2000yearsagoAristotledefined
whathecalledthePrimaryLawsofAssociation.ThereistheLawofResemblanceor
Similarity,whereoneimpressiontendstobringtomindanotherimpressionwhich
resemblesitinsomeway.ThereistheLawofContrastorOpposites,whichsaysthat
wheretherearetwoormoreopposingimpressions,thepresenceofonewilltendtorecall
theothers.AndfinallythereistheLawofContiguityorTogetherness.Iftwoormore
impressionsoccuratthesametime,orfollowcloseononeanotherineithertimeor
spacejhinkingofonewillrecalltheother.TherearesecondaryLawsofAssociationas
well,andtheseareknownasRecency,Frequency,andVividness.Recencymeanswe
tendtorecallassociationsmaderecentlymuchbetterthanthosemademonthsoryears
ago.Frequency,impliesthatthemoreoftenyourepeatanassociation,theeasieritwillbe
torecall.Andvividnessmeansthatthemoregraphicorstrikingtheassociationis,the
quickeryou'llbeabletorecallit.Insummary,therequirementsforimprovingyour
memoryarcconcentration,adesiretoremember,andaloveforpeople.Andthe
techniquesfbrmastering:heartofmemoryarevisualizing,repeating,andassociating.
Onefinaln6te,thistimeonhowtostudy:Memorizinganythingiseasierandfasterwhen
youpracticeforahalfhourorso,andthengooffandfbrgelitforawhile.Workagain
laterforanotherhalfhour,thentakeanotherbreak.Testshaveprovedtimeandtime
againthatwelearnbetterandfasterwhenwealternateworkandrestinasortofwave
pattern.Therestperiodactuallyreinforcesthelearning.Nowthen,canyourememberall
that?
2、Psychologistsbelievethathumanbeingscanonlyuse1Opercentoftheirinbornability
toremember.
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
标准答案:B
知识点解析:此句误解了第二段第一句"Mostofus,psychologistssay,dorTtuse
morethan10percentofournativeabilitytoremember.”的意思。原文的意思是心理
学家认为我们大多数人仅仅使用不超过人类所具备的记忆能力的10%,但并不是
说记忆能力不能超过10%。
3、Wemightusemoreofournativememorypowerifwelearnthowtouseitatschool.
A、Y
B、N
C>NG
标准答案:A
知识点解析:第三段的前半段的意思与此题相同。
4、Ifyouwanttohaveamorepowerfulmemory,firstyoushouldlearnmoreaboutthe
structureofyourbrain.
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
标准答案:c
知识点露析:此句的意思在本文中并没有提及。
5、Theauthortakeslovingpeopleasthethirdprerequisiteformemorizingbecause
lovingothersproducesyourdesiretorememberandmakesyourconcentrationmuch
easier.
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
标准答案:A
知识点解析:此句与第六、七、八段意思相符。这三段的中心思想是爱他人有助于
产生记忆的愿望。
6、Oneofthebasiclawsfordevelopingyourmemoryistovisualizeeverythingthat
happensaroundyoueveryday.
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
标准答案:B
知识点解析:此句与第九段第四句话“Since85percentofallyoulearnandremember
inlifereachesyouthroughyoureyes,itisabsolutelyvitalthatyouvisualizethethings
youwanttorecalllater.”意思不符。
7、BurgerKing'ssucceededinusingthepowerofrepetitionintheiradvertising.
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
标准答案:A
知识点解析:此句与第十二段的内容一致,即BurgerKing在广告宣传中成功地利
用了重复的作用。
8、Themustimpurlaiilbasiclawfuriinpruvingyourineiiioryisluassouialeanylhing
youwouldliketorecalllater.
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
标准答案:A
知识点解析:此句与第十三段第一、二句话"Beforewegetintoactualdemonstrations
ofthekindsofmemoryandtheapplicationoftechniques,there'sonemorekeyto
memory,andit'sthemostimportant.Theoneindispensablefundamentalisthe
requirementthatyouassociateanythingyouwanttorecalllater.”的意思相符。
9、Oneessentialfactorforbettermemorj,mentionedinParagraph4is.
标准答案:aburningdesire/desire/havingaburningdesire
知识点解析:此题可以从第四段第一句"First,youmusthaveaburningdesireto
improveyourmemory.”中找至I」答案。
10、ThelinefromAlexanderPopewastoemphasizetheimportanceof.
标准答案:caringaboutpeople
知识点解析:此题可以从第八段前三句中找到答案。
11>Thispassageismainlyabouthowto.
标准答案:improvememory
知识点解析:此题的答案是对全文阅读理解的总结。
三、听力短对话(本题共8题,每题7.0分,共8分。)
12、
A、Shetookahistoryclasslastyear.
B、Shedoesn'ttrusttheman'swords.
CNShedidn'tlikehersociologyprofessor.
D、Sheprobablywon'ttakeanyhistoryclass.
标准答案:B
知识点解析:暂无解析
13、
A^3hours.
B、4hours.
C、5hours.
D^6hours.
标准答案:C
知识点解析:暂无解析
14、
A、Shewasafraidshemightbekepttoolate.
Shewouldhavesomethingmoreimportanttodo.
C、Shehadtomeetafriendofhers.
D、Shewasnotinthemoodtoattendtheparty.
标准答案:B
知识点解析:暂无解析
15、
A、Gotothelabforaquicklook.
B、Checkonwhat'sfbrdinner.
C、Havearunbeforetheyeat.
D、Goandseeiftheyhavedroppedanythinginthelab.
标准答案:A-
知识点解析:暂无解析
16、
A^Shewantstoreturntheskirtherhusbandbought.
B、Shewantstobuyanotherskirt.
C、Shewantstochangetheblueskirtforayellowone.
D、Shewantstochangetheyellowskirtforablueone.
标准答案:D」-
知识点解析:暂无解析
17、
A、1hesummerhasbeenunusuallyhot.
B、Theman'sairconditionerisbroken.
C^Themanhasn'tusedhisairconditioner.
D、Themandoesn'thaveairconditioning.
标准答案:C
知识点解析:暂无解析
18、
A、Sheagreeswiththeman.
B、Themanmissedthelaststudysession.
C、Shedidn'tunderstandthelastchemistryclass.
D、Themanshouldbemoreseriousabouthisstudies.
标准答案:D
知识点解析:暂无解析
19、
A^Ameterman.
B、Atrafficofficer.
C、Acabdriver.
D、Aticketseller.
标准答案.C
知识点露斤:暂无解析
四、听力长对话(含3小题)(本题共7题,每题7.0
分,共7分。)
20、
A^Thursday.
B、Friday.
C>Saturday.
D、Sunday.
标准答案:A
知识点解析:暂无解析
21、
A、Gooutwithsomefriends.
B、Showhissisterandbrother-in-lawaround.
C、Sleepallafternoon.
D、Gotoafootballgame.
标准答案:D
知识点解析:暂无解析
22、
A、Theywillhavetimetostudyforit.
Afternoonsarebadtimesfortests.
C、Afterit,theycanprepareforotherexams.
D、Theycanstartplanningfortheirsemesterbreak.
标准答案:C
知识点解析:暂无解析
23、
A^Hewasadoctor.
BNHewasawriter.
C、Hewasanactor.
D^Hewasateacher.
标准答案:C
知识点解析:暂无解析
24、
A^Presscertainpointsaroundtheeyeswiththefingers.
B>Lookaldistantobjectsbymovingtheeyesfromsidetoside.
C、Dooutdoorexercisesdally.
D^Stareatacalendarontheclassroomwall.
标准答案:B
知识点解析:暂无解析
25、
A、ToreadthebookbythefamousBritishwriter.
B、Tocovertheireyesduringaperiodofintensivereading.
C、TovisitdoctorsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.
D、Torelaxtheireyesfrequentlywhilereading.
标准答案:D-
知识点解析:暂无解析
26、
A、Inabout20years.
Withinaweek.
C、Inacoupleofweeks.
D、Asearlyaspossible.
标准答案:D
知识点解析:暂无解析
五、听力长对话(含4小题)(本题共8题,每题7.0
分,共8分。)
27、
A、Hecan'tfindhisofficekey.
B、Hehasmisplacedsomeexams.
C、Heisunabletotalk.
D、Hedoesn'tlikehisclassroom.
标准答案:C
知识点解析:暂无解析
28、
A^Markthelatesthomeworkassignment.
B、Putacancellationnoticeontheclassroomdoor.
C、Makeanappointmeniwiththedoctor.
D^Returnsomeexamstohisstudents.
标准答案:D
知识点解析:暂无解析
29、
A、TeachBrain'sclassv/hilehe'sabsent.
B、GiveProf.SmiththekeytoBrain'soffice.
C>LeaveamessageontheboardinBrain'soffice.
D、BringBrainthehomeworkthatwasduetoday.
标准答案:B
知识点解析:暂无解析
30、
A、ToputthehomeworkonBrain'sdesk.
B、ToleavethemasterkeyforBrain.
C、TogiveBrain'sstudentsthenextassignment.
D、TocallBrainattheendoftheafternoon.
标准答案:C
知识点解析:暂无解析
31、
A^TheywanttochangethewayEnglishistaught.
TheylearnEnglishtofindwelluptopaidjobs.
C、Theywanttohaveanup-to-dateknowledgeofEnglish.
D、Theyknowclearlywhattheywanttolearn.
标准答案:D
知识点解析:暂无解析
32、
A、Professionals.
B、Collegestudents.
C^Beginners.
D、intermediatelearners.
标准答案:A
知识点解析:暂无解析
33、
A、Coursesfordoctors.
B、CoursesforbusinessEnglish.
C、Coursesfbrreporters.
D、Coursesfbrlawyers.
标准答案:B
知识点解析:暂无解析
34、
A、Threegroupsoflearners.
B、TheimportanceofbusinessEnglish.
C^EnglishforSpecificPurposes.
D、FeaturesofEnglishfordifferentpurposes.
标准答案.C
知识点露斤:暂无解析
六、听力短文(含3小题)(本题共3题,每题7.0
分,共3分。)
35、
A、BecausethestateofCaliforniaismuchlarger.
B>BecausetheelectronicsignaltravelsfasterinMexico.
C、Becausethequake'sshockwavesarestrongerinCalifornia.
D、BecausequakecentersaremuchclosertopopulationcentersinCalifornia.
标准答案:D
知识点解析:暂无解析
36、
A、Itbreaksdownattimes.
B、Thealarmssometimesdonotsound.
C、Therearealotoffalsealarmsforsmallquakes.
D、Thecomputercontro'Iingthesystemgiveswrongordersoccasionally.
标准答案:C
知识点解析:暂无解析
37、
A、Neglecttheproblemsandpaychiefattentiontoitsbenefits.
Makeimprovementstothesystem.
C、Abandonthesystemandbuildanewone.
D、IntroduceabettersystemfromtheUnitedStates.
标准答案:B
知识点解析:暂无解析
七、听力复合式听写(本题共〃题,每题7.0分,共
〃分。)
Unlesswespendmoneytospotandstopasteroids(小行星)now,onemightcrashinto
Earthanddestroylifeasweknowit,saysomescientists.Asteroidsarebigger[Bl]
ofthemeteoroids(iiitffl.)that[B2]acrossthenightsky.Mostorbitthe
sunfarfromEarthanddon't[B3]us.Buttherearealsothousandsofasteroids
whoseorbitsputthemona[B4]coursewithEarth.Buy$50million[B5]
ofnewtelescopesrightnow.Thenspend$10millionayearforthenext25years
to[B6]mostofthespacerocks.Bythetimewe[B7]afatalone,the
scientistssay,wellhaveawaytochangeitscourse.Somescientistsfavor[B8]
asteroidsoffcoursewithnuclearweapons.Butthecostwouldn'tbecheap.Isit
worthit?[B9].Expertsthinkanasteroidbigenoughtodestroylotsoflife
mightstrikeEarthonceevery500,000years.[BIO]."Ifwedon'ttakecareof
thesebigasteroids,they'lltakecareofus,Hsaysonescientist."It'sthatsimple."[Bl1]
"Theworldhaslesstofearfromdoomsday(毁灭性的)rocksthanfromagreat
nuclearfleetsetagainstthem,1'saidaNewYorkTimesarticle.
38、[Bl]
标准答案:versions
知识点解析:暂无解析
39、[B2]
标准答案:race
知识点解析:暂无解析
40、[B3]
标准答案:threaten
知识点解析:暂无解析
41、[B4]
标准答案:collision
知识点解析:暂无解析
42、[B5]
标准答案:worth
知识点解析:暂无解析
43、[B6]
标准答案:locate
知识点解析:暂无解析
44、[B7]
标准答案:spot
知识点解析:暂无解析
45、[B8]
标准答案:pushing
知识点解析:暂无解析
46、[B9]
标准答案:Twothingsexpertsconsiderwhenjudginganyriskarc:1)Howlikelythe
eventis;and2)Howbadtheconsequencesiftheeventoccurs.
知识点解析:暂无解析
47、[BIO]
标准答案:Soundsprettyrarebutifonedidfall,itwouldbetheendoftheworld.
知识点解析:暂无解析.
48、[Bll]
标准答案:Thecure,though,mightbeworsethanthedisease.Dowereallywantfleets
ofnuclearweaponssittingaroundonEarth?
知识点解析:暂无解析
八、阅读(选词填空)(本题共10题,每题分,共
70分。)
Foreign-bornemployeesoftenobservethatAmericansspendaninordinateamountof
timeworkingand,asa[SI],havelittletimeforleisureorpersonal
relationships.InAmericanEnglish,theword[S2]"describespeoplewhoare
asaddictedtotheirworkasanalcoholicistoliquor.Thereare[S3].pointsof
viewaboutworkaholics.Fromsomepointsofview,theyareseenasvaluablemembersof
societybecausetheyareextremelyproductiveandembodythevaluesofachievementand
efficiency.Increasingly,however,those[S4]withproblemsofmentalstress
believethatworkaholiclifestyleisharmfultopersonalandfamilylife.Somepeopleare
workaholicsintheirtwentiesandthirties,butin[S5]maychangetheir
priorities.Some,althoughcertainlynotall,realizethattheydonothaveto"prove
ihemselves*'throughtheirworkaccomplishmentsandachievements.Originally,attitudes
towardworkintheUnitedStatesweregreatly[S6]bythe"workethic",which
motivatedpeopletoworkhardtobecome[S7].Thisethic,whichoriginated
withthePuritan(清教)[S8]thatmaterialsuccesswasasignofGod'sfavor.
Workwasthusimbued(使...充满)withthequalityofgoodness.Thosewhoachieved
successwereamongGods"chosen"andwouldgotoheaven.Intheworkplacethisvalue
translatesintoaneedforsavinglime,[S9]time,accountingfortime,and
allottingtimeforvariousactivities.Inbusiness,timeiscarefullyscheduled.Manypeople
useappointmentcalendarsthatareprintedwithfifteen-,thirteen,andsixteen-minutelime
slots.Atmeetings,peopleoftendecide[S10]oftimehowmanyminutesthey
willspendoneachitemontheagenda.A)budgetingB)relationshipC)relationshipsD)
influencedE)concernedF)viewG)mid-lifeH)beliefI)successfulJ)aheadK)
consequenceL)attitudesM)conflictingN)workaholicO)various
49、[SI]
标准答案:K
知识点解析:asaconsequence是固定短语,意为“其结果是
50、[S2]
标准答案:N
知识点解析:根据本文第二句后半句“…describespeoplewhoareasaddictedtotheir
workasanalcoholicistoliquor”得知,答案是workaholic0该词的意思是“工作狂"。
51、[S3]
标准答案:M
知识点解析:此句的意思是“人们对工作狂有不同的看法“。conflicting意为“相互冲
突的
52、[S4]
标准答案:E
知识点解析:此处用过去分词短语concernedwithproblemsofmentalstress作those
的定语。
53、[S5]
标准答案:G
知识点解析:目据上文的意思“一些人在二、三十岁时是工作狂”,然后用but表示
转折,可以看出,他们在中年时发生了变化。
54、[S6]
标准答案:D
知识点解析:此处用过去分词与were连用构成被动语态作句子的谓语。
55、[S7]
标准答案;I
知识点解析:根据此句的意思,人们努力工作的目的是获得成功。become后面应
接形容词作表语。
56、[S8]
标准答案:H
知识点解析:religiousbelief意为“宗教信仰”。
57、[S9]
标准答案:A
知识点解析:budgeting与saving,accountingfor及allotting并列在句中作介词for
的宾语,budgetingtime意为“安排时间”。
58、[S10]
标准答案:J
知识点解析:aheadoftime意为“提早,事先”。
九、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共10题,每题1.0
分,共70分。)
Perhapsthemostimportantdefiningcharacteristicofahumanbeingisculture.Theterm
cultureasusedhereisnotlimitedtooperas,paintings,andotherartisticendeavors.These
arcseenbyanthropologists(人类学家)asexamplesofculture:cultureitselfisthe
customarymannerinwhichhumangroupslearntoorganizetheirbehaviorandthoughtin
relationtotheirenvironment.Definedinthismanner,culturehasthreeprincipalaspects:
behavioral,perceptualandmaterial.Thebehavioralcomponentreferstohowpeopleact,
especiallyhowtheyinteractwitheachother.Inchildrearing(养育),forexample,parents
andchildrentendtointeractinarelativelypatternedfashion.Thenthereisthemannerof
perception,thewayspeopleperceivetheworld.Forexample,parentshavealimited
rangeofideasabouthowtheyshouldact,andwhatsignificanceparenthoodcarriesinthe
schemeofthings.Finally,thereisthematerialcomponentofculture-thephysical
objectsthatweproduce.Mostofwhatgoesintomakingupcultureisaresultoflearning-
-modifyingbehaviorinresponsetoexperiencewithinanenvironment.Learningis
practicallyuniversalamongorganisms.Butnootherorganismhasagreatercapacityfor
learningthanahuman,ordependsasmuchonlearnedbehaviorforitssurvival.While
thesurvivalofmostotherorganismsistosomeextentsafeguardedbyinstincts,humans
relyheavilyonculturefortheirsurvival.Peoplemustlearnhowtoliveinaparticular
socialandphysicalsetting,biologyplayingbutaminimal(最小的)role.Theideasand
modesofbehaviorthatconstituteculturearetransmittedlargelybyacomplexsystemof
symbolsthatincludeslanguage.Humanshaveevolvedanextremelycomplexsystemof
communicationthatisuniquetoourspecies.Withoutitthecreationofhumancultureas
weknowitwouldbeimpossible.
59、Whatisthedefinitionofculturegivenbyanthropologists?
A、Operas,paintingsandmanyotherartisticactivitiesasawhole.
B、Customarymannersofbehaviorandthoughtrelatedtotheenvironment.
C、Behavioral,perceptualandmaterialcomponentsinteractingwitheachother.
D^Thedifferentwayspeopleperceivethephysicalworld.
标准答案:B
知识点解析:此题问人类学家给文化下的定义是什么。根据第一段第三句"Culture
itselfisthecustomarymannerinwhichhumangroupslearntoorganizetheirbehavior
andthoughtinrelationtotheirenvironment.”得知B项是答案。A、C、D三项内容
属于文化的范畴,但不是文化的定义。
60、Accordingtothepassage,thebehaviorofmakingtoolsforproducingmaterial
objectsshouldfallwithinthecategoryofcomponentofculture.
A、behavioral
B、perceptual
C^material
D、artistic
标准答案:c
知识点露析:此题问制作工具的行为属于文化构成的哪一个范畴。根据第一段最后
一句"Finally,thereisthematerialcomponentofculture-thephysicalobjectthatwe
produce.”可得知,制作东西属于物房文化,故C项是答总
61、Learningismostessentialfor.
A、alltheorganismstosurvive
alltheorganismstoacquirelearnedbehavior
C、humanbeingstorespondtoexperiencewithinanenvironment
D、humanbeingstosurviveandliveinasociety
标准答案:D-
知识点解析:此题问学习对什么来说是最基本的要素。从第二段最后一句"Butno
otherorganismhasagreatercapacityforlearningthanahuman,ordependsasmuchon
learnedbehaviorforitssurvival.”和第三段可以看出,人类是否可以生存下去取决
于学习行为,故D项正确。在A、B和C项中学习都不是基本要素。
62、What'stheelementtohumanculture?
A^Communicationinlanguage.
B>Biologicaladaptationtotheenvironment.
C、Safeguardingbyinstincts.
D^Learningtosurvive.
标准答案:A
知识点解析:此题问人类文化的固有特点是什么。从最后一段可以看出,语言是人
类独有的进行交流的复杂系统。因而,A项是答案,B、C和D项中所表示的内容
不仅是人类文化所有,其他生物也可具有这些特点。
63WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?
A、Ihccapacitytorlearningcanonlybeobservedinhumanbeings.
B、Biologyplaysanimportantroleinhumans,livinginasocialandphysicalsetting.
C、Humanbehaviorandthoughtdonothaveanythingtodowithculture.
D、Iftherewerenolanguagecommunication,humanscouldn'thavecreatedthepresent
culture.
标准答案:D
知识点解析:此题问下面哪一种说法是正确的。根据全文最后两句话可以看出,D
项是文章持有的观点。A、B和C项内容与文章意思不符,故D项是答案。
ThebestkeptsecretinSanDiegoiswaitingtoofferyouadelightfulgetaway-without
leavingtown.Lessthanthreeyearsago,theParisiHotelwasjustanofficebuilding
abovetheshopsonthecornerofProspectStreet.Now,thatvaluablespaceisanintimate
luxuryhotel-withseveralroomsoverlookingtheocean.You'llbeamazedwhenyou
enterfromthecornerandascendthecurvingstaircasetothesecond-floorlobby.Itwill
takeyouintoadifferentworld.Whatwillyoufindwhenyouenterthelarge
contemporarylobbyisahandsomeandpeacefulspacethatwasdesignedwithahintof
Tuscany(托斯k娜,意大利中西部地名)initsmodernMediterranean(地中海式的)
style.Thelobbyhasalargefireplacewithcomfortablesofasinwarmneutralcolors
surroundingit.You'llfeelrelaxedjustsittingtherewithitsskylightoverheadlettingin
themorningsun.Alltheroomsaremorelikesuites,withlargecomfortablebeds,
beautifulbathsandstylishcustom-designedfurnishingsandartthroughout.TheParisi
Hotelistheperfectplacefbrseniorsbecauseit'squietandrestful-withonly20rooms.
Youwon'tfindmanyhotelslikethisinthecenterofatouristtown.Theshopsareall
aroundyou.Likewisefbrsomeofthecity'sbestrestaurants,youwillneverhavetotake
yourcaroutofthegarageduringyourstay.And,bytheway,theundergroundparkinglot
attheParisiHotelisfreeforhotelguests.Onceyoustayatthislittlegem(珍宝),you'll
wanttoreturnagainandagain.Iknowwedo.It'saperfectplacefbrseniors.Ratesfor
standardsuitesbeginat$275.Youcancallthehotelforreservationat(858)454-1531.
TheParisiHotelislocatedat1111ProspectSt.rightacrossfromLaValencia.
64、ThePafisiHotelisdescribedas.
A、aluxuryhotelwithcomfortablefacilities
B、alargehotelfamousforitsroomsfacingtheocean
C>agoodplaceforescapingawayfromthenoisycity
D>atouristattractionfullofamazingcorners
标准答案:C
知识点解析:此题检测学生对第一段的理解:waitingtoofferyouadelightful
getaway-withoutleavingtown。该句中关键词是adelightfulgetaway-withoutleaving
town,即闹中取静之地。故C项是答案。其他三项则是表面意义。
65、Whenyouenterthe.obby,youwillfindthat.
A、itisdecoratedwithMediterraneanfurniture
B、thewallsarepaintedinwarmneutralbrightcolors
C、thereisalargefireplaceburningallthetime
D、sunlightcomesthroughthewindowintheslopingroof
标准答案:D
知识点解析:此题问在现代化的大厅里你可以看到什么。从第三段最后一句
“You'llfeelrelaxedjustsittingthere—withitsskylightoverheadlettinginthemorning
sun.”可以得知,D项是答案。A,B和C项内容都与文章意思有出入。
66NWhyistheParisiHotelsuitableforoldpeople?
A、Becausealltheroomsarelikesuites.
Becauseithasfashionablefurnishings.
C、Becauseitisinthecenterofthetown.
DxBecauseitispeacefultostaythere.
标准答案:D
知识点解析:此题问为什么说帕瑞斯宾馆适合老年人居住。根据第五段第一句“The
HotelParisiistheperfectplaceforseniorsbecausei
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