2024-2025学年山东省潍坊市普通高中高三上学期1月学科素养能力测评英语试卷

2024—2025学年山东省潍坊市普通高中高三上学期1月学科素养能力测评英语试卷

一、听力选择题(★)1.Howdidthespeechprobablyend?

A．Withaninspiringpoem.B．Withafamoussaying.C．Withanamusingstory.(★★)2.Whenwillthestaffmeetingfinish?

A．At9:30a.m.B．At10:30a.m.C．At11:00a.m.(★★)3.Whomightthewomanbe?

A．Adoctor.B．Achemist.C．Anurse.(★★)4.Whatisthetopicoftheconversation?

A．Howtocleanhouses.B．Waysofpackingthings.C．Itemsthatcanberecycled.(★★★)5.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?

A．Callataxiforher.B．Helpherchecktheluggage.C．Takehertothetrainstation.(★★★)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofCarson?

A．Heissympathetic.B．Heiscreative.C．Heisneat.7.Whatistheman'ssuggestiononhelpingthehomeless?

A．Donatingsomeoldstufftothem.B．Establishingfoodbanksforthem.C．Providingskillstrainingforthem.(★★★)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?

A．Inthemorning.B．Intheafternoon.C．Intheevening.9.Whatdidthemanforgettodo?

A．Collecttheclothes.B．Gogroceryshopping.C．Washhissportsshoes.10.Whereisprobablythespeakers’mothernow?

A．Atherworkplace.B．Intheyard.C．Onthewayhome.(★★★)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.HowmanyhoursdoesLisaworkeachweek?

A．32.B．40.C．48.12.Whatdoesthestudyonfour-dayworkweeksinSpainsuggest?

A．Theydogoodtohealth.B．Theyhelptolowerquitrates.C．Theybenefittheenvironment.13.Howcancompaniesreduceworkhoursaccordingtotheman?

A．Bycancelingunnecessarymeetings.B．Bymakingbetteruseoftechnology.C．Byincreasingthenumberofemployees.(★★★)听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisjob?

A．Itisenjoyable.B．Itischallenging.C．Itisboring.15.WhereisLoralO’Hara?

A．Inaradiostudio.B．Onthespacestation.C．Atthespacelaunchcenter.16.WhatdidLoralO’Haradobeforetheinterview?

A．Shetestedherco-workers’eyes.B．Shecheckedonsomeequipment.C．Shewatchedasciencefictionfilm.17.WhatisLoralO’Hara’ssuggestionforthenewastronauts?

A．Treasuringthetimeinspace.B．Embracingchallengesinlife.C．Beingpatientwiththemselves.(★★★)听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatuniquechallengedovisualartistsfacecomparedwithcreatorsinotherfields?

A．Theycan’tselltheartworkonline.B．Theyoftengiveawayartworkforfree.C．Theygetpaidonceforasoldartwork.19.WhatdoesSethSiegelaubdo?

A．Acollector.B．Anartist.C．Alawyer.20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutZeroArtFair?

A．Itisintendedtoreplacethetraditionalartmarket.B．Itcreatesawin-winsituationforartistsandcollectors.C．ItwasstartedbyartistsJenniferDaltonandAdamSimon.二、阅读理解(★★)MASK(MothersAwarenessonSchool-ageKids)isanon-profitorganizationcreatedin2007byagroupofdedicatedmotherswhorecognizedtheneedtoconsistentlyeducatefamiliesonrapidly-changingissues.MASKhasservedthecommunity,foroveradecade,withthegoalofstrengtheningparent-childbondsandempoweringchildrentomakedecisionsfromaplaceofknowledgeandconfidence.MASKfulfillsitsmissionbyengaging,educatingandempoweringfamiliesthroughtheMASKE3Institute,MASKTheMagazine,theMASKMattersApp,andtheMASK+Live.TheMASKE3Instituteisacomprehensiveyearlongmulti-yearapproachtobuildingandstrengtheninglifeskillsforchildren,includingMASKAcademy(kindergarten-6thgrade),MASKPrep(middleandhighschool),andParentUniversity.Thisdigitalformatteacheskindergartenthroughhighschool-agestudentssocial-emotionalskillsandtacklesimportanttopics—fromdrugsandalcoholtobullyingandInternetsafety-andgivesstudentsandparentsknowledgeandtoolstomanagethesepotentialchallenges.MASKTheMagazineistheparentingmanualofferingsolutionstothemodern-daychallengesfamiliesface.Readerswilllearnage-appropriateconversationstarters,whichcanhelpopenthelinesofcommunicationbetweenparentsandchildren.SubscribeatMASKmatters.org;digitalissuesavailableatZinio.com.TheMASKMattersappgivesstudents,parents,andteachersage-appropriateresourcesandisavailableinSpanish.DownloadtheMASKMattersApptoday,andhavemodern-dayparentingsolutionsrightatyourfingertips.Gettingquickandcurrentinformationhasneverbeeneasierormoreconvenient.AvailableonAppleandGooglePlay.TheMASK+LiveisstreamedthroughYouTubeandfeaturemedicaldoctors,clinicalpsychologists,professorsandprofessionalswhosharetheirexpertiseandparentingadviceonhealth,preventionandconnection.Viewersareinvitedtojoininto“asktheexpert”questionsandbepartofthediscussion.FullepisodesareavailableontheMASKMattersapp.21.WhatistheaimofMASK?

A．Tohelpchildrengrow.B．Toidentifymothers'needs.C．Toincreasehouseholdincome.D．Tostrengthencommunitybonds.22.WhatdoestheMASKE3Instituteprovide?

A．Effectivelearningtools.B．Digital-relatedknowledge.C．Awaytobuildasocialcircle.D．Resourcestohandlepotentialchallenges.23.Whichofthefollowingallowsparentstointeractwithexperts?

A．TheMASKE3Institute.B．TheMASK+Live.C．TheMASKMattersapp.D．MASKTheMagazine.(★★★)TheworldisnotshortofbiographiesofMarieCurie,butAmericansciencewriterDavaSobelhastakenanewapproach.Inherengagingaccountofthephysicist’slife,shefocusesonherlegacy(精神)ofencouragingotherwomenintoscience.Thebookiscleverlystructured.EachchapterisassignedachemicalelementormaterialandthenameofthepersonwhoseworkeitheradvancedknowledgeofthatsubstanceornarrowedCurie’sfocusonit.ThisallowsSobeltotraceCurie’slifeanditsmajormilestonesintimeorderintroducinganewplayerwitheachchapter.Eventhoughit’snowmorethan120yearssinceCuriebecamethefirstwomantobeawardedaNobelprize,sheremainsthemostwidelyrecognizedfemalescientist.Sobelacknowledgesthisasareasonforwritinganotherbiographyandasmotivationtocontinuehertrademarkapproachtowritingaboutsciencebyhighlightingwomenwhosecontributionsanddiscoveriesremainoverlooked-oneusedconvincinglyinherearlierbook,TheGlassUniverse.Sobel’sstorytellingisinvitingandherresearchdelicatelydetailed.Butinmanyofthebook’schapters,sciencedominatesandtheinnerlivesofthesewomenremainedunclear.TheCanadianphysicistHarrietBrooksstandsoutasanexampleofalifestorylefthanging.ShequitCurie’slabandlaterweakenedCurie’sinfluencebypubliclysuggestingthatCurie’soutputhaddecreasedwithoutherhusbandPierre.WhatmotivatedBrooksremainsanopenquestion.Oneofthemosttouchingpassagescomesrightattheend.Alistof“radioactivists”simplynoteseveryone’sbirthanddeathdates,mainachievementsandcauseofdeath-adistinctreminderthatCurieandmanyotherwomenpaidtheultimatepricefortheirradioactiveresearch.24.HowisSobel’sbiographyofCuriestructured?

A．Itcomparesyoungscientists’toughlife.B．EachchaptertracksCurie’smajormilestones.C．Eachchaptercombinesanelementwithascientist.D．Itcentersonencouragingotherwomenintoscience.25.WhatdrivesSobeltowriteCurie’sbiography?

A．Sobel’strademarkapproach.B．Curie’soverlookeddiscoveries.C．Sobel’sconvincingwritingstyle.D．Curie’sremarkableachievements.26.WhyisHarrietBrooksmentionedinparagraph4?

A．TotellasadstoryaboutCurie.B．TohighlighttheroleofCurie’shusband.C．Todemonstratethebiography’swritingfeature.D．Toindicatethevividnessofdescriptioninthebiography.27.Whatdoesthe“radioactivists”listserveasinSobel’sbiographyofCurie?

A．Acreativeclue.B．Anextrareview.C．Afinishingtouch.D．Anawfulending.(★★★)Ifmiserylovescompany,sodoesanger.Itcanfeeldownrightdelicioustovent(发泄)toyourlovedonesaboutlife’sannoyances.Foralongtime,psychologistsheldtheideathatit’sbettertoreleasenegativeemotionsthanholdontothem.Butbackin2002,Bushman,professorofcommunicationattheOhioStateUniversitywhostudiesthetopic,publishedastudythatquestionedthatlogic.Hedemonstratedthatwhenpeopleexpressedanger,suchasbyhittingapunchingbag(沙袋),theyonlygotmoreangryandaggressive.Analyzingafrustratingconversationorsocialslight(轻视)cancauserumination—thepsychologicaltermforfixingonnegativethoughtsandfeelings—andblowoutofproportion(比例)relativelyminorannoyances,saysJesseCougle,apsychologyprofessoratFloridaStateUniversitywhostudiesanger.Neitherishealthy.Indeed,a2020studyofcopingstrategiesduringthepandemicfoundthatventingwaslinkedtopoorermentalhealth,whilestrategieslikeaccepting,jokingabout,andpositivelyreframingthesituationseemedtoboostwell-being.Bushman’smorerecentresearchsuggeststhatcalmingpracticessuchasmeditation,yoga,anddeepbreathingarebetteratremovinganger.Thegoalshouldbetolowerratherthanraiseexcitement,hesays.Evenrunning,whichmanypeopleviewasakindoftherapy,increasestoomuchexcitementtobeaneffectiveangerreliever.“Youshouldgoforrunsbecausethey’regoodforyourhealth,butnotbecausethey’llmakeyoufeelcalmer,”Bushmansays.Whenyoufeelyourselfgettingstuckinthequicksandofventing,lookforhealthiercopingstrategies.Bushman’sresearchsupportsthe“fly-on-the-wall”technique,whichchallengesangrypeopletoimaginethemselvesasathirdpartyobservingthesituationthatmadethemangry.A2019studyalsofoundthatit’shealthiertolookforbroadermeaninginanannoyingsituationThink:“youcan’talwaysgetwhatyouwant”)thantofixoneveryannoyingdetail.28.WhatisthefindingofBradBushman’sstudy?

A．Ventingdoesgoodtohealth.B．Ventingmakesthingsworse.C．It’sbeneficialtohitapunchingbag.D．It’sbettertoventtoyourlovedones.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rumination”refertoinparagraph2?

A．Focusingonnegativefeelings.B．Blowingupminorannoyances.C．Solvingthediscouragingproblems.D．Treatingthesocialslightpositively.30.Whatcanweknowaboutrunningaccordingtoparagraph3?

A．Itcanfuelanger.B．Itisanangerreliever.C．Itcanlowerexcitement.D．Itisacalmingpractice.31.Whatcanangrypeopledowhenventingaccordingtothe“fly-on-the-wall”technique?

A．Observethesituationasavictim.B．Putthemselvesintoonlookers’shoes.C．Searchforabroadermeaninginthesituation.D．Analyzethesituationfromanoutsider’sangle.(★★★)Thewordsuperiorityeffectreferstothephenomenonwhereindividualscanidentifyalettermoreaccuratelywhenitispresentedwithinthecontextofawordthanwhenitisshownaloneorinanon-wordcontext.Thiseffecthighlightshowourcognitive(认知的)processingoflanguageisinfluencedbythelexical(词汇的)representationofwords.Inearlystudiesofthewordsuperiorityeffect,participantsbrieflysaweitherwords,nonwords,orsingleletters,andthenwereshowntwoletters.Theirtaskwastodeterminewhichofthetwolettershadappearedintheinitialstimulus(刺激物).Ina“word”trialtheword“CARE”wouldappearbrieflythenthelettersAandOwouldbepresentedasoptions.Ina“nonword”trial,theparticipantmightsee“EACR”,beforetheletteroptions,andinthesinglelettercondition,theymightsee“-A--”.Participantsmorequicklyidentifiedtheletterin“word”trialsthaninnonwordorsingle-lettertrials.Oneconvincingexplanationforthiseffectcomesfromtheneural(神经的)networkmodelsofRumelhartandMcClelland.Asimplifiedwaytothinkaboutthemodelisthattherearedistinct“levels”orsystemsforwordrecognitionandforletterrecognition.Ononelevelare“letterdetectors”thatmaybeactivatedbasedonthelikelihoodofcertainlettersbeingpresent(e.g.,ifallyouseearecurvedlines,C,G,andOaremorelikelythanXorZ).Atthesametime,“worddetectors”areactivatedbasedonthelikelihoodofcertainwordshavingoccurred.Asomewhatsimplifiedexplanationofthewordsuperiorityeffectisthatinthesinglelettercase,onlyletterdetectorsareactive,whereasinthe“word”conditionbothletterandworddetectorsareactive,makingidentificationoftheletterfaster.Prinzmetalperformedaseriesofstudiestodetermineboundaryconditionsonthewordsuperiorityeffect.Hefoundthat,incontrasttomanyassumptionsaboutthewordsuperiorityeffect,itdoesnotrequirerapidstimuluspresentationsormaskedstimuluspresentations—although,forreasonsthataren’tyetclear,theeffectremainsstrongestwhentheinitialstimuluspresentationisbrief.Follow-upresearchhasshownthatthewordsuperiorityeffectisstrongerwithhigh-frequencywords,astheyaremorefamiliartoreaders,enhancingrecognition.Itplaysasignificantroleinreadingcomprehensionandspeed,asrecognizingwordsquicklyallowsreaderstoprocesstextmorefluently.32.InwhichgroupoflettercanletterDberecognizedmorequickly?

A．KSID.B．DISK.C．IDSK.D．SIKD.33.Whatdoesparagraph3discussaboutthewordsuperiorityeffect?

A．Whyitoccurs.B．Whereitworksbetter.C．Whatthedefinitionofitis.D．Howitimpactstheneuralnetwork.34.WhatcanwelearnfromPrinzmetal’sstudiesaboutboundaryconditions?

A．Stimuluslocationiscrucial.B．Stimuluscomplexityisnecessary.C．Briefstimuluspresentationisnotamust.D．Intensestimuluspresentationisrequired.35.Howcanweimprovereadingfluency?

A．Exploitingmorereadingresources.B．Creatingbetterlearningatmosphere.C．Doingreadingcomprehensiontraining.D．Includinghigh-frequencywordsintexts.(★★★)Ifinishworkat5:30pm,racehome,swiftlychangeintoworkoutclothesandheaddowntheroadformy7:30pmgymclass.Dinnerfinishedandfreshlywashed,it’snow9pm.36.Nottonight.I’mgettingintobed,withoutphonetocatchsomeZzzs.Mynewroutineistheroutinedujour(热门)ofGenZintheir20s,whoarehittingthehayasearlyas9pm.Surprisingly,GenZbrieflydecidedthatdarkcirclesweredeeplyfashionable.Asanation,we’reobsessedwithsleep.Inanincreasinglyhealth-consciousworld,thenewgenerationofwellbeingwarriorsprioritisetheimportanceoffeelingwell-rested.37.MynewbedtimemeansI’mgoingtobegettingaround10hours’sleepeverynight.Assomeoneconstantlyonthego,Ican’tdenythissoundspositivelydreamy.Iimaginemyfutureselfwellrested,sharpandlively.38.I’mhavingtogiveupmanyoflife’spleasures—Ican’tgrabdinnerwithfriends,Ican’tgoondateswhereconversationflowsintotheearlyhours,andIcertainlycan’tgodancingallnight.AmIatleastmorerefreshed?Notsomuch.Ifindmyselffeelingsluggish(行动迟缓的).Foralltheendlesstalkaboutnotgettingenoughsleep,I’mstartingtowonderwhetheryoucansleeptoomuch.39.Actually,Idon’tthinkmyslowingbrainresultsfromtoomanyhoursinbed.I’dputitdowntojustbeingbored.Sowhat’sthesolution?40.Insteadofenforcingapermanent9pmbedtime,perhapsit’ssimplyaboutacceptingthatwhatworksvariesbetweeneachindividual.I’mnotopposedtotheoccasionalbedrotting,butforthemostpart,itturnsoutI’dmuchrathergladlyacceptmydarkcirclesasasignofagoodtime.

A．Ibelieve,youcan’t.B．Itturnsout,youcan.C．So,dothe9pm-ersgetsomething?D．Howcantheyincreasetheirresttime?E．Butthreedaysintomyweek-longtrial,I’mgettingincreasinglyannoyed.F．Usually,atthistime,I’dcatchupwithmessagesorstickonaNetflixseries.G．It’sallaboutknowingourownenergylevelsandadjustingoursleepcyclesaccordingly.三、完形填空(★★★)Lastweek,frozencookiedough(面团)savedmefrommyself.Itallstartedwhenthenewneighbor________atrucktohishouse,walkedaPing-Pongtableandleftitonhisfrontlawn(草坪).Heisacollegestudent,andifyouliveinacollegetown,youunderstandthataPing-Pongtableisnot________aPing-Pongtable.It'sabeer-pongtable.MyhusbandandIhad________apropertylinewith27students,thesoundsofbeerpong________lateintothenightandearlyintothemorning.Sowe________tothequieterpartoftown.Andnow,herewasanewbeer-pongtable.Icomefromalonglineof________folks,andIhavealwayshopedthatI'dbetheonetochange.ButwhenIsawthatbeer-pongtable,thememoriesofloudnoise________greatangerinsideme.SoIwalkedrightuptothestudent'shouse,knockedonthedoorandtoldhimthatithadtogo.________,Isurprisedmyself.Therestoftheday,Iwasfullof________.Theunbakedfrozendoughinthefreezercameintomymind.Ihadn'tintendedto________thecookiedoughforanapology,butitwashandy,waitingtomakethings________.Itookactiontobakethecookies.ThenIwalkedtothekid'sdoorstep.“Wouldyoupleaseforgiveme?”Iasked.Helookeddownattheplate.Foronehorriblemoment,I________himsendingcookiesacrosstheyard.Instead,hisface________.“Ofcourse,”hesaid.Ipassedthecookiesover,myhands________.ThenIwalkedback,feelinglikeI'dwitnesseda________.41.A．sloweddownB．gotonC．droveoffD．backedup42.A．thenB．justC．soonD．once43.A．livedB．keptC．sharedD．camped44.A．extendingB．stayingC．travellingD．approaching45.A．droveB．returnedC．rushedD．moved46.A．meanB．negativeC．proudD．angry47.A．generatedB．pouredC．permittedD．transformed48.A．GenerallyB．FranklyC．SuddenlyD．Strangely49.A．reliefB．excitementC．shameD．sorrow50.A．makeB．bakeC．pressD．save51.A．worseB．betterC．rightD．easy52.A．sawB．picturedC．caughtD．got53.A．softenedB．darkenedC．hardenedD．loosened54.A．spreadingB．shakingC．swingingD．withdrawing55.A．signalB．favorC．wonderD．trust四、语法填空(★★★)阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheTijucaNationalParkinRiodeJaneiro,Brazil,isamust-visitwhentravelingtothecity.Itwas56.(formal)establishedonJuly6,1961,aimingtoprotectthedelicateecosystems.Theparkincludes57.wasonceheavilydeforestedlandduetocoffeeplantations.The58.(create)ofitmarkedacrucialmomentinBrazil'scommitment59.reversing(扭转)environmentalworsening.Today,itswindingtrails,waterfallsandtreesmakeitavitalgreenlungforRiodeJaneiro.TheTijucaNationalPark,coveringanareaofabout3,200hectares,standsasaremarkableexampleofalushAtlanticrainforestsituatedwithinthecitylimitsofRiodeJaneiro,which60.(recognize)asoneofthelargestofitskindintheworld.WithinTijucaNationalPark,visitorscanimmersethemselvesinthethickrainforestthathouseshundredsofplantspecies,someofwhich61.(be)uniquetotheregion.Adventureseekerswillfindnumerousrecreational62.(activity)suchasrockclimbingandhiking,whiletheparkalsoservesanimportantroleinenvironmentaleducationthroughitsguidedtoursandprogramsaimedatconservationawareness.Thisparkiscloselylinkedtothewell-beingandprosperityofRiodeJaneiro,63.(make)itoneofitsmostcherishedtreasures.Inrecognitionofitsecologicalimportance,in2012,UNESCOdeclareditaBiosphereReserve.Thankstothepreservationofthis64.(nature)space,thecity’stourismisencouraged,offeringvisitors65.uniqueexperiencefullofoutdooradventures.五、书信写作(★★★★)66.假定你是李华，你校上周成功举办了“穿越时光服装秀”，展示了不同历史时期的中国服装。请给你的英国朋友Peter写一封电子邮件，分享此活动。内容包括：1.你最喜欢的服装;2.你的感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearPeter,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua六、书面表达(★★★)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AFlowerforLeournAsmallactofkindnesscanmakeadifference.Thiswasoursenioryear.MybestfriendBethandIhadbigdreams...bighopesforourlastyearinhighschool.Wehadprayedandwewerereadyforthemiracle(奇迹)weknewwewouldsee.Bethwasthefirsttonoticeher.“Kristi,didyouseethegirlstanding