荷兰FlowChange公司专家Kees Huckriede：Innovation in Blade Aerodynamics

InnovationinBladeAerodynamics

叶片气动设计的创新

Personalintroduction

个人简介KeesHuckriedeBladedesignengineeratFlowChange(theNetherlands)

荷兰FlowChange公司叶片设计工程师8yearsexperienceinbladedesign:AerodynamicdesignStructuraldesignManufacturing在叶片设计方面有8年的经验:气动设计结构设计生产Companyintroduction

公司简介FlowChangewasfoundedin2016intheNetherlandsFlowChange于2016年在荷兰成立Developmentaeroadd-onsystemsforincreasingperformanceofexistingblades

研发各种气动附加系统，来增加现存叶片的性能。Winglet叶尖小翼Vortexgenerators涡流发生器Camberflap襟翼Trailingedgeblock后缘块Airfoildevelopment翼型开发Subjectpresentation:

“Windturbinepowerboostingbymeansofawingletadd-on:

designandanalyses”

主题报告：

“通过应用叶尖小翼来增加风机发电量：

设计与分析”

6MWdownwindturbine,140.6mrotorwindclassIoffshore6兆瓦下风向风机，风轮直径140.6米，海上一类风场Tiplosseffect

叶尖损失效应Tipvortex叶尖涡流Pressureside压力面Decreaseofliftintiparea叶尖升力下降LtipRadialflow辐流叶片升力分布Wingleteffect

小翼效应LtipPressureside压力面Tipvortexshift叶尖涡流转移LwingletFlowaroundtipblocked叶尖的气流被阻碍叶片升力分布LtipLwingletIncreasetorquebytip提高叶尖扭矩分Wingleteffect

小翼效应LtipLwinglet叶尖升力分布Wingleteffectonpowerboosting

小翼对增功的影响DecreaseoftiplosseffectincreasespowercoefficientCp降低叶尖损失效应，增加功率系数CpPowerincreaseforsubratedwindspeeds增加叶片在低于额定风速运转时的发电量Designwingletadd-on

附加小翼设计Mountedonexistingbladetiponsite在现场，为现有叶片安装小翼

Lwinglet=Ltip小翼长度=叶尖长度Ltip=2%ofbladelength叶尖长充=2%的叶片长度Equaltipshape尖端形状相同Constantchord+thickness

相同的弦长和厚度Rotorsimulationwithwinglet

加上叶尖小翼的叶片模拟Physics气流动态

Computationtime计算时间BEMLLMCFDLiftingLineMethodWingleteffectmodelledNowingletshapeincluded升力线法

模型内加入了小翼效应未考虑小翼形状BladeElementMomentum Nowingletmodellingpossible Tiplosseffectbycorrectionmodel 叶素动量不可能在模型中加入小翼修正模型中才考虑叶尖损失Navier-StokesFlowCompleteflowmodellingResource&timeconsuming纳维－斯托克斯流完整流场模型需要大量资源和时间3DPanelMethod(Potentialflow+dragmodel)WingleteffectmodelledWingletshapeincluded3D面元法（潜在流+阻力模型）模型内加入了小翼效应考虑了小翼形状Selected选择3Dpanel11Input:3Dpanelledbladecontour+initialfixedwake输入：3D面化的叶片轮廓+最初的固定尾流Output:Pressure+velocitiesatbladesurface+fixedwake输出：压力+叶片表面速度+固定的尾流3Dpanelmethod

3D面元法的叶片模拟EngineeringDragModel

工程阻力法Adddragtosolutioninpost-processing:在后处理时，在解决方案中增加阻力因素。

Inviscidsolutionfrompanelmethod面元法的非粘性方案FlowAoA气流攻角Lift升力Viscid2Dairfoildata(e.g.measurements)粘性2D翼形数据（例如测量）+

Drag

阻力

Finalsolution:最终解决方案+drag+阻力Wingletanalyses

小翼分析Powercalculated:subratedwindspeeds5m/s-12m/s在低于额定风速（5米/秒-12米/秒）时，计算的发电量Wingletvariableparameters:UpwindordownwindorientationTwist小翼可变参数:上风向或下风向扭角

Downwind下风向Upwind上风向Constanttwist恒定的扭角Twistrange-2degtill8deg扭角范围–2-8度Numberofcases:88工况数量：88Examplepressuredistribution

压力分布的ABCABCSuctionside

吸力面Increaseinpressuredifferencevisibleintiparea在叶尖处增加的压力变化可见Wingletpowerboostingresults

小翼增功结果Maximumpowerincrease:最大功率提升：Downwind:+3.6%Upwind:+3.1%Annualyieldincrease(windclassI-Coffshore):年发电量提升:Downwind:+4.5%Upwind:+4.1%最大功率提升Summerizing

总结3Dpanelmethod+Engineeringdragmodel:SuitableforwingletanalysesLargeparameterstudypossibleinshorttime3D面元法+工程阻力模型:适合小翼分在短时间内，可考虑大量的参数Summerizing

总结Powerboostingbywingletadd-on:WingletorienteddownwindgivesoverallhigherperformanceMaxpowerincrease+3.6%Annualyieldincrease+4.5%附加小翼的发电量提升:下风向小翼的表现更好最大功率提升

+3.6%年发电量提升

+4.5%Nextsteps

下一步Additionalanalyses:LoadlevelWingletshapesCFDverification 额外分析:载荷小翼外形计算流体力学验证Structuraldesign:DesignclampingmechanismManufacturingprototypewingletadd-on结构设计:设计夹装机制生产小翼样件Installationonsite:Powerandloadsmeasurem