2025版高考英语大二轮复习专题一语法填空与短文改错第一部分题型解读题型二短文改错学案新人教版

PAGEPAGE1题型二短文改错一、动词形式动词形式的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面：1．动词的时态和语态错误。2．主、谓不一样的错误。3．非谓语动词的误用。[典例1]Onewasthat...AndtheotheristhatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed.(2024·全国Ⅱ)[is→was考查动词的时态。整篇文章运用的都是一般过去时，且上文中的“Onewasthat...”用的也是一般过去时，所以最终一句话时态应为一般过去时。这里讲解并描述当时做确定时的缘由。故将is改为was。][典例2]Nowmydreamistoopensacafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple，itrequiredalotofideasandefforts.(2024·全国Ⅲ)[opens→open不定式作表语，to后用动词原形。故把opens改为open。required→requires后一句考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态是一般现在时。故把required改为requires。][典例3]Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.(2024·全国Ⅰ)[interesting→interested考查形容词。短语becomeinterestedin意为“变得对……感爱好”。interesting好玩的，吸引人的，通常描述事物；interested感爱好的，通常描述人的感受。本句主语是人，故把interesting改为interested。][典例4]IfIsucceedinmanageone，Iwillopenmore.(2024·全国Ⅲ)[manage→managing考查非谓词动词。succeedindoingsth.胜利做某事。]名师点津：考生应细致分析动词的时态和语态是否正确，是否应用非谓语动词形式。尤其要依据上下文所供应的时间信息包括明信息：时间状语；暗信息：上下文语境细致推敲，从而确定正确的动词时态。同时还须要考虑动词的及物与不及物以及主谓一样与虚拟语气。二、名词的数名词单复数的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面：1．可数名词单复数的错用：一般考查错把复数用作单数，有时也考查错把单数用作复数。2．不行数名词单复数的错用：不行数名词没有复数形式。3．可数名词与不行数名词混淆：有些词既可用作可数名词也可用作不行数名词，应留意详细语境。[典例5]Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly，sayingthatIhadatalentforfootball.(2024·全国Ⅰ)[player→players“player(运动员)”为可数名词，所以all(全部的)后须要用player的复数形式。故将player改为players。][典例6]SinceIwasakid，I’veconsidereddifferentjobIwouldliketodo.(2024·全国Ⅱ)[job→jobs“job(工作；职业)”为可数名词，用different(不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的工作，应当用名词的复数形式。故将job改为jobs。][典例7]Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity.(2024·全国Ⅲ)[city→citiesmanydifferent后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。]三、留意形和副形容词和副词的错误设置一般包括以下两个方面：1．形容词和副词的误用。2．原级、比较级和最高级的误用。[典例8]Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.(2024·全国Ⅰ)[hardly→hard“hard(用力地)”与“hardly(几乎不)”都为副词，但是词义不同。此处表示“我用力把球踢回操场”，故将hardly改为hard。][典例9]First，Iwantedtobeafireman，whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.(2024·全国Ⅱ)[coolly→cool句中的look为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。][典例10]OnewasthatIwasamazingatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.(2024·全国Ⅱ)[amazing→amazedamazed惊讶的，惊异的；amazing令人惊讶的，令人惊异的。v.­ed形容词说明人的感受，意为“感到……的”；v.­ing形容词描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，此处说明主语I的感受，故用v.­ed形式的形容词。][典例11]WhatIwantisnotjustanordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.(2024·全国Ⅲ)[ordinarily→ordinary修饰名词cafe应用形容词。故把ordinarily改为ordinary。]四、代词的格与数代词的错误设置一般包括以下两个方面：1．人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。2．不定代词的误用及混用。[典例12]Inthecafe，customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentthatiscreatedforthem.(2024·全国Ⅲ)[yourselves→themselves此处指代主语customers，故把yourselves改为themselves。]五、介词短语须关注介词的错误设置主要考查介词短语和习惯用法的搭配。[典例13]Iwantmycafetohaveaspecialthemesuchaslike“TangDynasty”．(2024·全国Ⅲ)[删除likesuchas和like都表示“例如”，句意重复。故把like删除。]六、连词、从句常光顾1．连词but，and，or，because，so的用法错误考生应细致分析句子结构，假如是并列句或复合句，要特殊留意前后分句或主从句的关系，确保在意义和结构上通顺流畅。[典例14]Suddenlyafootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.(2024·全国Ⅰ)[but→and“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。][典例15]WhenIstudiedchemistryinhighschool，Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.(2024·全国Ⅱ)[or→andreconsideredmygoal和decidedtobeadoctor之间为顺承关系，并非选择关系，故将or改为and。]2．各大从句细揣摩[典例16]OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool，Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.(2024·全国Ⅰ)[where→when本句含有一个定语从句，先行词为Oneafternoon，且引导词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故把where改为when。]1(2024·河北唐山冲刺三)Philwasatravelingsalesmanandheenjoyeddrinkalcoholverymuch.Oneday，hewenttoastrangetownandspendtheeveninginasmallrestaurant.He’ddrunkquitealotandhadjustcomeoutoftherestaurantashesawanothermeninthemiddleoftheroad.Theothermanhadbeenintherestaurant，either.AndhehaddrunkevenmorethanPhilhad.He’dobviouslyseensomethingstrangelyintheskybecauseofhewaspointingup.“Excuseme，”themanaskedPhil，“isthatthesunandthemoon？”Phillookedatitforasecondandthensaid，“I’mafraidIcan’thelphim.I’malsostrangerheremyself.”答案Philwasatravelingsalesmanandheenjoyedeq\f(drink,drinking)alcoholverymuch.Oneday，hewenttoastrangetownandeq\f(spend,spent)theeveninginasmallrestaurant.He’ddrunkquitealotandhadjustcomeoutoftherestauranteq\f(as,when)hesawanothereq\f(men,man)inthemiddleoftheroad.Theothermanhadbeenintherestaurant，eq\f(either,too).AndhehaddrunkevenmorethanPhilhad.He’dobviouslyseensomethingeq\f(strangely,strange)intheskybecauseofhewaspointingup.“Excuseme，”themanaskedPhil，“isthatthesuneq\f(and,or)themoon？”Phillookedatitforasecondandthensaid，“I’mafraidIcan’thelpeq\f(him,you).I’malsoeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))strangerheremyself.”2(2024·辽宁试验中学模拟)Ihavelotsofhobbies，likeskating，painting，andsurfingtheInternet，andsoon.Networkisnowwideusedinpeople’slife.Icandosuchthingsasmakingfriends，playinggamesandstudyingonline，thatgreatlyenrichmylife.Networkhaschangedthewayweliveandmakesourlifeeasythanbefore.Skatingisagoodwaytoexerciseandit’sbeneficialtoourhealthy，butIlikepaintingbest.Myparentsencouragemeenjoythepaintingprocessandthebeautyofart.Ifmypaintingtechniqueisnotgood，Ireallydevotemetoit.AndItrulybelieveIwouldabsolutelybethepainterinthefuture.答案Ihavelotsofhobbies，likeskating，painting，andsurfingtheInternet，andsoon.Networkisnoweq\f(wide,widely)usedinpeople’slife.Icandosuchthingsasmakingfriends，playinggamesandstudyingonline，eq\f(that,which)greatlyenrichmylife.Networkhaschangedthewayweliveandmakesourlifeeq\f(easy,easier)thanbefore.Skatingisagoodwaytoexerciseandit’sbeneficialtooureq\f(healthy,health)，butIlikepaintingbest.Myparentsencouragemeeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))enjoythepaintingprocessandthebeautyofart.eq\f(If,Though/Although/While)mypaintingtechniqueisnotgood，Ireallydevoteeq\f(me,myself)toit.AndItrulybelieveIeq\f(would,will)absolutelybeeq\f(the,a)painterinthefuture.第一处：考查并列宾语。分析句子结构可知，like...为介宾短语。此处是并列宾语，依据andsoon可知前面的and是多余的，故去掉。其次处：考查词形转换。此处used是动词，由副词来修饰，故把wide改为widely。第三处：考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，引导词指代前面的整个句子，故把that改为which。第四处：考查比较级。依据than可知此处应用比较级，故把easy改为easier。第五处：考查词性转换。此处our是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故把healthy改为health。第六处：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：encouragesb.todosth.“激励某人做某事”。故在enjoy前加to。第七处：考查状语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知此处是让步状语从句，故把If改为Though/Although/While。第八处：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：devoteoneselfto“致力于，献身于”。故把devote后面的me改为myself。第九处：考查时态。由句中的“Itrulybelieveinthefuture”可知句子用一般将来时态，故把would改为will。第十处：考查不定冠词。结合句意可知此处表示“泛指”，又由painter的发音是以辅音音素开头的，故把painter前的the改为a。强化练(二)1(2024·山东淄博二模)ItcanbeseenfromthepictureMrLiu，whowearsamask，waswalkinghisdog.Interestingly，hisdogwhichalsowearsamask.Inrecentyear，airpollutionhasbecomemoreandmoreseriousinsomeareas，whichhaveledtosevereconsequences.Tosolvethisproblem，firstlyofall，weshouldraisethepublicawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.Secondly，thegovernmentoughttopunishtheillegalactspollutingtheenvironmentsevere.Thirdly，wemustdoourbesttoprotectingtheenvironmentinourdailylife.Onlyinthiswaycanhumanbeingsandanimalsshareapleasantplanetorliveahappylife.答案Itcanbeseenfromthepictureeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(that))MrLiu，whowearsamask，eq\f(was,is)walkinghisdog.Interestingly，hisdogwhichalsowearsamask.Inrecenteq\f(year,years)，airpollutionhasbecomemoreandmoreseriousinsomeareas，whicheq\f(have,has)ledtosevereconsequences.Tosolvethisproblem，eq\f(firstly,first)ofall，weshouldraisethepublicawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.Secondly，thegovernmentoughttopunishtheillegalactseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(of))pollutingtheenvironmenteq\f(severe,severely).Thirdly，wemustdoourbesttoeq\f(protecting,protect)theenvironmentinourdailylife.Onlyinthiswaycanhumanbeingsandanimalsshareapleasantplaneteq\f(or,and)liveahappylife.2(2024·安徽师大附中检测)Mymomanddadaregreatcooks，butIalwaysenjoystayingathomeandhavingdeliciousfood.IrememberedwhenIwasaboutsix，allthekidsinmyneighborhoodwantedhamburgersandchips，butsomedidn’thavemoneytobuyit.Somyfathertriedtomakesomeontheweekendandaskedthemeatatmyhomeforthefree.Thekidswereveryhappier.Ithelpedmemakelotsoffriend.NowIoftencookingformyparents，andtheylikemydishes，either.It’sreallyrelaxingtositaroundatableformyparents，eatingandtalkingtogether.答案Mymomanddadaregreatcooks，eq\f(but,and/so)Ialwaysenjoystayingathomeandhavingdeliciousfood.Ieq\f(remembered,remember)whenIwasaboutsix，allthekidsinmyneighborhoodwantedhamburgersandchips，butsomedidn’thavemoneytobuyeq\f(it,them).Somyfathertriedtomakesomeontheweekendandaskedthemeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))eatatmyhomeforthefree.Thekidswereveryeq\f(happier,happy).Ithelpedmemakelotsofeq\f(friend,friends).NowIofteneq\f(cooking,cook)formyparents，andtheylikemydishes，eq\f(either,too).It’sreallyrelaxingtositaroundatableeq\f(for,with)myparents，eatingandtalkingtogether.3(2024·湖北黄冈模拟)DearMsSmith，I’mwritingtoaskwhetheryoucoulddomefavor.I’vejustfinishedanessaynaming“DifferencesbetweentraditionalChineseandWesternfestivals”，soI’mnotsurewhetheritiswellwritten.Tobehonestly，I’mnotthatfamiliarwithsometraditionalWesternfestivals.That’sbecauseI’mturningtoyouforhelp.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldsparesometimetolookintomyessayforpossiblemistakesandpolishthem.Also，I’mlookingforwardtoyourvaluableadvices.Myessayhasbeensendingtoyoualongwiththisemail.Ihopeitwon’tcauseyoutoomuchmoretrouble.Thankyouinadvance.Yourssincerely，LiHua答案DearMsSmith，I’mwritingtoaskwhetheryoucoulddomeeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))favor.I’vejustfinishedanessayeq\f(naming,named)“DifferencesbetweentraditionalChineseandWesternfestivals”，eq\f(so,but)I’mnotsurewhetheritiswellwritten.Tobeeq\f(honestly,honest)，I’mnotthatfamiliarwithsometraditionalWesternfestivals.That’seq\f(because,why)I’mturningtoyouforhelp.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldsparesometimetolookeq\f(into,through)myessayforpossiblemistakesandpolisheq\f(them,it).Also，I’mlookingforwardtoyourvaluableeq\f(advices,advice).Myessayhasbeeneq\f(sending,sent)toyoualongwiththisemail.Ihopeitwon’tcauseyoutoomuchmoretrouble.Thankyouinadvance.Yourssincerely，LiHua4(2024·河南试验中学模拟)Itwasarainandcoldnight.Ifinishmyeveningclassesandwasabouttogobacktomyhouse.Igotintoataxiandtoldthedrivermydestination.Tomysurprise，thedrivermadeanapology，sayshedidn’tknowtheway.Whatcomeataxidriverdidn’tknowt