2024-2025学年山西省高一上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍1.Whydoesn’tTomjoininthesoccerpractice?A.Hehurthisleg. B.Hemissedthetime. C.Hedislikesthesport.【答案】A【原文】W:Hey,Tom!Whyareyousittinghereinsteadofjoininginthesoccerpractice?M:Ihurtmylegjustnow.Luckily,itisnotserious.I’mjustwatchingthemplay.2.WhenwillthewomanprobablybeabletomeetMr.King?A.NextTuesday. B.NextWednesday. C.NextThursday.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme,canImakeanappointmentwithMr.KingonApril11th?M:Letmesee.YoumeannextWednesday?W:Yes.Isheavailablethen?M:No,heisn’t.Howaboutthedaybeforethat?3.Howwillthespeakersgotothemuseum?A.Bycar. B.Bybike. C.Bysubway.【答案】C【原文】W:Ithinkit’salongwaytoridetothemuseum.Let’sdrivethere.M:Butit’sdifficulttoparkthereduringGoldenWeek.Howabouttakingthesubway?W:Itseemsthatitisthebestchoice.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Fatheranddaughter. C.Waitressandcustomer.【答案】A【原文】W:Howabouteatingout,Steve?M:Soundsgood.Thereisanewrestaurantdownstairs.Ihearitmakesdeliciousdumplings.W:Let’stry.Oh,I’llbuysomesandwichesnearbyafterthat.Ourdaughterwillbehappytoeatthem.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Courseplans. B.Collegemajors. C.Medicaladvances.【答案】B【原文】W:Ican’tdecidewhattostudyincollegenextyear.M:Meneither.Computersciencehasbeenhottheseyears,butIthinkit’schangingtoofast.W:Iagree.Maybewecanconsidersomethinglikemedicineandbusiness.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Wheredidthemanfindhisschoolbag?A.Inthelab. B.Underatree. C.Inthelibrary.7.Whatisthewomangoingtodotomorrow?A.Gotothebank. B.Dosomeshopping. C.Meetwithadesigner.【答案】6.B7.B【原文】W:Wheredidyousayyoufoundyourschoolbag?M:Itwaslyingunderatreebetweenthelanguagelabandthelibrarybuilding.W:Doyoulikethisbag?M:Yeah!It’swonderfullydesigned.W:Howmuchisit?M:Itwas69dollarsand50cents,butI’vehearditis5dollarscheapernow.W:Great.Ilikeit,too.I’lltakeonetomorrow.DidyoubuyitintheSunshineStore?M:No,SundayStore.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatisthemandoing?A.Reading. B.Cleaning. C.Smoking.9.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Tidyaroom. B.Stopsmoking. C.Callthepolice.10.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Ashamed. B.Relaxed. C.Pleased.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【原文】W:Excuseme,sir.Doyouknowthewholefloorisanon-smokingarea?M:No,Idon’t.ButIthinkIhavetherighttosmoke.W:Ofcourseyouhavetherighttosmoke,butyoucan’tsmokehere.Look!Thereisanon-smokingsign.Youhavetoputoutyourcigaretterightnow.M:Well,I’mgoingtofinishthiscigaretterightaway.WouldyoumindifIsmokedhereforalittlewhile?W:Yes,ImustsayIdomindverymuch.Andyoucan’tbreaktherule.M:Butitisinconvenienttofindasmokingarearightnow,isn’tit?W:That’syourownbusiness.Asyousaid,Ialsohavetherighttobreathefreshandcleanair.Ifyoudon’twanttoputoutyourcigarette,Iwillcallthesecurityoffice.M:OK,OK.I’msorryforthat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Howmanyfilmticketshasthemancollected?A.About200. B.About1,000. C.About2,000.12.Whydoesthemankeepanotebook?A.Torecordthingsaboutmovies.B.Towritedownhisbrightideas.C.Togiveittothewomanasagift.13.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofTheLordoftheRings?A.Itisboring. B.Itistooold. C.Itisaclassic.【答案】11.C12.A13.C【原文】W:Iheardyou’vebeencollectingcinematicketsforquiteawhile.M:Yes,it’sbeenahobbyofmineforovertwentyyears.IstartedoutjusttokeeptheticketsfrommoviesIreallyenjoyed,butthenitturnedintoabigcollection.W:Howmanyticketshaveyoucollectedsofar?M:I’vehadaround2,000ticketsnow,andalmosthalfofthemweregivenbymyfriendsandcolleagues.W:Wow,that’salot!Wheredoyoukeepthemall?M:IhaveaspecialboxwhereIstorethem.IalsokeepanotebookwhereIwritedownthedate,time,andtheaterwhereIsaweachmovie.I’malsothinkingaboutputtingmyfavoriteticketsinalovelyalbumlateron.W:That’sreallycool!What’syourfavoriteticketinyourcollection?M:It’shardtochoosejustone,butIreallylovetheticketfromthefirsttimeIsawTheLordoftheRingsinthetheater.Itwassuchaspecialexperience.W:Icanimagine.Thatmovieisaclassic.M:Itreallyis.I’mgladIwasabletoseeitinthetheaterwhenitfirstcameout.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatdidthemanwanttobewhenhewasfive?A.Anofficer. B.Aspaceman. C.Ashopkeeper.15.Howoldwasthemanwhenhewantedtojointhearmy?A.Aboutfive. B.Aboutsix. C.Aboutseven.16.Whowasinthearmy?A.Theman’ssister. B.Theman’sparent. C.Theman’suncle.17.Whatdidthewomanliketodoinherchildhood?A.Setupshops. B.Savemoney. C.Buildhouses.【答案】14.B15.B16.C17.A【原文】W:Whatdidyouwanttobewhenyouwerelittle?M:WhenIwasfive,Iwantedtobeaspaceman,mainlybecausemostofmytoyswerespaceships.Butataroundtheageofsix,IdecidedthatIwantedtojointhearmy.W:Why?M:Well,maybeitwasbecausemytoyschangedfromspaceshipstotanks!Andmyunclewasinthearmyandheusedtocometomyhousequiteoftenandtellmestoriesaboutthearmy.Whatdidyouwanttobewhenyouwereyoung?W:Iwantedtobeashopkeeperforquiteawhile.Likeyou,IthinkitwasrelatedtowhatIusedtoplay.MysisterandIusedtosetupshops—we’dsellanythingwefoundlyingaroundthehouse,andvisiteachother’sshopsandbuythingswithfakemoney.Ofcourse,weweren’treallybuyingorsellinganything.M:Interesting!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.WhatisthepurposeoftheGardenClub?A.Tocreatecommunityspirit.B.Toteachstudentstogrowfood.C.Tosellvegetablesintheschool.19.Whatcanyoutryifyouattendthefirstmeeting?A.Carrots. B.Potatoes. C.Tomatoes.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Towelcomethefirst-yearstudents.B.Toencouragestudentstoeatvegetables.C.Toinvitestudentstosignupfortheclub.【答案】18.B19.C20.C【原文】W:Goodmorning,everyone.TheGardenClubispleasedtoannouncethatwewillholdourfirstmeetingoftheyearthedayaftertomorrow.Yes,itwillbeonFriday.PleasecometoRoom207tolearnmoreabouttheexcitingworkthatwearedoingatschool,onthefarmandinthecommunity.TheGardenClubwasestablishedtoteachstudentshowtogrowfood.Wedonatedsomeofwhatwegrewtolocalfoodassistanceprograms.Andweofferedsometoourschoolcanteen,too.Ifyoucometoourfirstmeeting,youcantrysomeofthetomatoeswegrewinthesummer.Allstudentsarewelcome!Pleasenotethatfirst-yearstudentswillnotbeallowedtoworkonthefarmorincommunitygardens,buttheycanworkinourschoolgarden.WewillbeginplantingpotatoesandcabbagesintheschoolgardennextMonday.Areyouinterestedingrowingvegetables?Pleasesignupforourclubtoday!第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACHEAPEATSGUIDETOBARCELONANostrumNostrumisachain(连锁店)oftakeawayfood.Youcanalsoeatin.Theyhaveawidevarietyofdishes:soup,pasta,rice,meat,fish,seasonalfruits,etc.Thepriceisverygood.Ifyoudownloadtheirappinyourmobile,youcanjointheNostrumfanclubwhereyoucangetdishesfor€1to€3.Greatdeal,huh?Healthyandcheapaschips.OntheirwebsiteyoucanfinddifferentshopsaroundBarcelona.LaBoqueriaLaBoqueriaisthemostfamousmarketinBarcelona.Inthemarket,youcanfindanykindofgourmetingredientsandgreatqualityoffruitandvegetables.Ithasbecomeverypopularamongtouristsaswell.ThemostfamousbarinLaBoqueriaisBarPinotxo,aclassic.Ifyouhavethechance,stopbytoseethedishesandtheatmosphere.Itisnotthecheapestplacetoeatinthemarket,butneverthelessitiswellworthavisit.LasFernandezTheamazingdishyouhavetotryhereisthePapadon’tpreach—friedpotatoeswithaspinachsauce(菠菜酱).Verytasty.Myfavoriteisbaconrolls—shoulderofpork—filledwithavocadoaugratin.Youcanhaveafulldishorhalf,dependingonwhetheryoudecidetogofordifferenttapas(餐前小吃).Ilovetosharedishesandforthis,itistheperfectplacetogowithfriends.TacosTacosAnewdiscoveryofthisyearisTacosTacos,acheapMexicanrestaurant.Thetacosareallverygood.Thenameofthetacosmakesitfuntoorder!MyrecommendationisTingadepollo,andmyfavoritesareGilipollas(onionblackpudding)andHijodelachinada(chickenwithmole).Theyhavegreatnachoswithguacamoletoo!21.WhatwillyougetifyoujointheNostrumfanclub?A.Afreetakeawaymeal. B.Lower-priceddishes.C.Adiscountonallsoup. D.Tipsforlosingweight.22.WhatisspecialaboutLaBoqueria?A.Itisanotablemarket. B.Itisasupermarketchain.C.Itisrunbyafamouscook. D.Itisthecheapestplacetoeat.23.WhereshouldyougototasteMexicanfood?A.Nostrum. B.BarPinotxo.C.TacosTacos. D.LasFernandez.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了巴塞罗那几处美食打卡地。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据Nostrum中的“Ifyoudownloadtheirappinyourmobile,youcanjointheNostrumfanclubwhereyoucangetdishesfor€1to€3.Greatdeal,huh?Healthyandcheapaschips.(如果你在手机上下载了他们的应用程序，你就可以加入Nostrum的粉丝俱乐部，在那里你可以花1到3欧元买到菜肴。很不错，是吧？健康又便宜。)”可知，加入Nostrum粉丝团就可享受低价美食。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据LaBoqueria中的“LaBoqueriaisthemostfamousmarketinBarcelona.(LaBoqueria是巴塞罗那最著名的市场。)”并对比其他三家餐馆情况可知，LaBoqueria是当地最知名的大市场。故选A。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据TacosTacos中的“AnewdiscoveryofthisyearisTacosTacos,acheapMexicanrestaurant.(今年的新发现是TacosTacos，一家廉价的墨西哥餐厅。)”可知，品尝墨西哥菜应前往TacosTacos。故选C。BRodrigoBoteroGarcia,aColombianenvironmentalist,wonStanfordUniversity’sBrightAwardforEnvironmentalSustainability(可持续性).Theawardhonorsoutstandingeffortsinsustainability.BoteroreceivedthisprizeforhisworkinsavingbigareasofrainforestintheAmazonandencouragingsustainabledevelopment.TheBrightAwardfocusesonadifferentglobalregioneachyear.WinnersareselectedbyateamofStanfordstudentsandprofessors,ledbyProfessorBartonThompson,anexpertinnaturalresourceslaw.Thompsonhighlightedtheuniquefeaturesoftheaward,includingstudents’involvement.Hesaid,“Tome,thisisquiteimportantbecauseitisourstudentswhoaregoingtobethenextgenerationofproblemsolvers,thenextgenerationofthosewhoaregoingtoleadthewaytowardssustainability.”BoterohasspentovertenyearsfightingagainstdeforestationandsupportinglocalcommunitiesintheAmazon.HestartedtheConservationandSustainableDevelopmentFoundationin2011.Thisorganizationhashelpedprotectmillionsofhectaresoflandandexpand(扩大)Colombia’sChiribiqueteNationalPark,aUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.Botero’sworkalsoincludesdiscussingwithvariousgroupssuchasofficials,thearmy,andthelocals.Hestressedtheimportanceofbuildingtrustinthesediscussionsandputtingoneselfintheshoesofothers.“Bylisteningtoothersandunderstandingtheirstruggles,wecanfindcommonground,”hesaid.Despiteprogress,hefacedchallengesfromgroupsunwillingtocompromise(妥协).“NumerousenvironmentalleadersinColombia,theAmazon,LatinAmericaandbeyond,arefacingthreatstotheirsafetyandlives,”Boterosaid.“Ibelievethatthisprizeisimportanttohonortheircourageandtoremindmetocontinuethework,bothforthosewhoarestillwithusandforthosewhoarenothere,forthebenefitofourchildrenandfuturegenerationstocreateabetterworld.”24.WhydidBoteroreceivetheBrightAward?A.Fordevelopinganewwildlifepark.B.ForleadingaresearchteamatStanford.C.ForprotectingtheAmazonrainforest.D.Forhelpingstudentsfrompoorfamilies.25.Whoplayedapartinselectingtheprizewinner?A.Soldiers. B.Officials.C.Localfarmers. D.Stanfordstudents.26.WhatdidBoterosayabouttheenvironmentalworkinColombia?A.It’seasy. B.It’srisky.C.It’sprofitable. D.It’sconfusing.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBotero?A.Creative. B.Humorous.C.Light-hearted. D.Strong-willed.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.D【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了哥伦比亚环保人士RodrigoBoteroGarcia十几年来致力于保护亚马逊热带雨林，他因此荣获斯坦福大学颁发的奖项。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“BoteroreceivedthisprizeforhisworkinsavingbigareasofrainforestintheAmazonandencouragingsustainabledevelopment.(Botero因其在拯救亚马逊大片雨林和鼓励可持续发展方面的工作而获得该奖项。)”可知，Botero因其在拯救亚马逊大片雨林和鼓励可持续发展方面的工作而获得BrightAward，由此可知，Botero获得BrightAward因为他保护了亚马逊雨林。故选C项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“WinnersareselectedbyateamofStanfordstudentsandprofessors,ledbyProfessorBartonThompson,anexpertinnaturalresourceslaw.(获奖者由斯坦福大学的学生和教授组成的团队选出，该团队由自然资源法专家BartonThompson教授领导。)”可知，获奖者由斯坦福大学的学生和教授组成的团队选出，由此可知，斯坦福大学的学生参与了获奖者的评选。故选D项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句““NumerousenvironmentalleadersinColombia,theAmazon,LatinAmericaandbeyond,arefacingthreatstotheirsafetyandlives,”Boterosaid.(Botero说：“哥伦比亚、亚马逊、拉丁美洲和其他地区的许多环保领袖正面临着安全和生命的威胁。”。)”可知，Botero说哥伦比亚、亚马逊、拉丁美洲和其他地区的许多环保领袖正面临着安全和生命的威胁，由此可知，Botero认为哥伦比亚的环境工作是有风险的。故选B项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“BoterohasspentovertenyearsfightingagainstdeforestationandsupportinglocalcommunitiesintheAmazon.(Botero花了十多年的时间与森林砍伐作斗争，并支持亚马逊地区的当地社区。)”可知，Botero花了十多年的时间与森林砍伐作斗争，由此可知，他是一个意志坚强的人。故选D项。CManypeoplethinkgettingfitmeansspendingmoretimeinthegym.However,fitnessexpertssuggestthattakingbreaks,likea“deloadweek”,canimproveyourresults.Adeloadweekisaperiodwhenyoureducetheintensity(强度)ofyourworks.Itisusuallydoneeveryfourtoeightweeks,especiallyduringintensetraining.Thisbreakallowsyourbodytorecoverfromthestresscausedbyheavyexercise.Whenyoutrainhard,yourmusclesdevelopsmalltears,andinflammation(发炎)occurs.Thisprocessisnecessaryforbuildingstrength,butrecoveryisjustasimportant.Withoutrest,yourmusclesmaystayinadamagedstate,leadingtopoorperformanceandlesseffectivetraining.Deloadweeksgiveyourmusclestimetorecoverandimprove.Somegym-goersworrythattakingbreaksmightmakethemloseprogress.Butstudiesshowthatmuscleshavea“memory”.Afterrest,yourmusclesrespondbetterandgrowfasterwhenyoustarttrainingagain.Evenafterseveralweeksofreducedtraining,yourstrengthcanreturnquickly,oftenfasterthanittooktogettothatlevelinthefirstplace.Restalsohelpspreventover-trainingsyndrome(综合症状),whichhappenswhenyouexercisetoomuchwithoutenoughrecovery.Symptomsincludetiredness,poorerperformance,andfeelingbad.Over-trainingcantakeweeksorevenmonthstoovercome.It’sclearthatrecoverytimeisimportantforbothfitnessandoverallhealth.Restdaysmeanlittleornoexercise,usuallyonceortwiceaweek.Deloadweeks,ontheotherhand,stillincludelightworkoutsbutatamuchlowerintensity.Bothhelprecoveryandimprovefitness.Forthosetrainingintenselyforeventslikemarathons,bothrestdaysanddeloadweeksshouldbeincluded.Generalgym-goers,workingoutlessoften,maynotneeddeloadweeksasoften.Fitnessexpertsrecommendaddingadeloadweekeveryfourtosixweeks.Ifperformancestartstodrop,itmightbetimetoincludeone.Deloadweeksnotonlyhelpfitnessbutalsoprotectoverallhealth.28.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?A.Explainanidea. B.Correctamistake.C.Giveanexample. D.Makeacomparison.29.Whyaresomegym-goersworriedabouttakingbreaks?A.Itwouldtaketoomuchtime. B.Itmightinfluencetheirprogress.C.Itmaychangetheexerciseplan. D.Itcouldstoptheirmusclesgrowing.30.Whatdofitnessexpertssuggest?A.Buildingstrengthinourupperbody.B.Keepingtrackofourworkoutpartners.C.Restingforoneweekafterintensetraining.D.Schedulingtimetorecoverinworkoutplans.31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.OneSideEffectofOver-training B.AMisunderstandingAboutSportsEventsC.ReasonsBehindPositiveChanges D.TheImportanceofRestinFitnessTraining【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是通过引入“deloadweek”概念，解释为何适当的休息和恢复对于提升训练效果及预防过度训练综合症至关重要。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“However,fitnessexpertssuggestthattakingbreaks,likea“deloadweek”,canimproveyourresults.(但是，健身专家认为，休息时间，例如“DeloadWeek”，可以改善你的结果。)”和第二段“Adeloadweekisaperiodwhenyoureducetheintensity(强度)ofyourworks.Itisusuallydoneeveryfourtoeightweeks,especiallyduringintensetraining.Thisbreakallowsyourbodytorecoverfromthestresscausedbyheavyexercise.(减量周是指你降低工作强度的一段时间。通常每四到八周进行一次，尤其是在高强度训练期间。这个休息期让你的身体重体力运动带来的压力中恢复过来。)”可推知，作者在第二段主要是为了解释DeloadWeek这一概念，故选A。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Somegym-goersworrythattakingbreaksmightmakethemloseprogress.

(一些健身房会员担心，休息可能会让他们失去进步。)”可知，一些健身房会员担心休息可能会影响他们的进步。故选B。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,fitnessexpertssuggestthattakingbreaks,likea“deloadweek”,canimproveyourresults.(但是，健身专家认为，休息时间，例如“DeloadWeek”，可以改善你的结果。)”和最后一段中“Fitnessexpertsrecommendaddingadeloadweekeveryfourtosixweeks.Ifperformancestartstodrop,itmightbetimetoincludeone.Deloadweeksnotonlyhelpfitnessbutalsoprotectoverallhealth.(健身专家建议每四到六个星期增加一次Deload周。如果性能开始下降，则可能是时候包括一个。DeloadWeeks不仅有助于健身，还可以保护整体健康。)”可知，健身专家建议安排恢复锻炼计划的时间。故选D。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“However,fitnessexpertssuggestthattakingbreaks,likea“deloadweek”,canimproveyourresults.(但是，健身专家认为，休息时间，例如“DeloadWeek”，可以改善你的结果。)”可知，文章主要介绍了研究表明锻炼之余适当修养才能提升健身效果。D项“在健身锻炼中休息的重要性”适合作文章标题，故选D。DDeepintheunderwaterworld,animalslikestarfishuseunusualwaystoescapehunters.Inanactcalledautotomy,starfishdroponeormoreoftheirarmstosurviveattacks.Thelostbodypartdistractstheattacker,allowingthestarfishtorunawayquickly.Overtime,thestarfishcangrowbackthelostarm,returningtotheirusuallifeafterabrushwithdeath.Afewyearsago,MauriceElphick,whostudiedstarfishbehavioratQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,andAnaTinoco,apostdoctoralresearcher,oftensawstarfishmissingoneormorearmswhentheycollectedthesecreaturesalongbeaches.Amazedbythisobservation,theydecidedtoinvestigatehowtheautotomyworks.Recently,Elphick’steamdiscoveredamolecule(分子)thathelpsstarfishdroptheirarms.Researchersfoundthataneuropeptide(神经肽)calledArSK/CCK1controlsthisprocess.Wheninjectedintostarfish,themoleculecausedsomeofthemtodroptheirarms.However,notallstarfishinjectedwiththisneuropeptidelosttheirarms.Thissuggeststhatthemoleculeworkswithotherfactors,likestress.Totestthis,scientistspressedstarfisharmswithaspecialtool.Whenstressedandinjectedwiththeneuropeptide,moststarfishdroppedtheirarms.Thisstudyshowedthattheneuropeptidemaysoftenandbreaktissues(细胞组织)atthebaseofthestarfisharm,whichisanimportantstepinautotomy.Researchersalsofoundthatthemoleculeexistsinstarfishevenwhentheyarenotlosingarms,readytoactwhenneeded,sincestarfishareoftenattackedbyhunters’mid-meal.“It’sareallybeautifulstudy,”saidEmilyClaereboudt,abiologistattheUniversityofBergen.“Thestudycanprovideinsightsintosimilarmoleculesinhumans,whichmayeventuallyhelpimprovetissueregeneration.Butthatwouldbealong-termgoal.”Elphickagreed.Fornow,Elphickisexcitedabouttheresults.“Ihopethiswilldeepenourunderstandingofautotomyandregenerationacrosstheanimalkingdom,”hesaid.32.Whatcanweknowaboutautotomy?A.Itisstarfish’ssurvivalskill. B.Itallowsstarfishtogrowfast.C.Itisstarfish’suniqueability. D.Ithelpsstarfishhuntforfood.33.Whichbestexplains“distracts”underlinedinthefirstparagraph?A.Searchesforcarefully. B.Drawssomeone’sattention.C.Countonunwillingly. D.Warmlywelcomessomeone.34.WhatdidElphick’sresearchfind?A.Howstarfishcuttieswiththeirarms.B.Howhuntersmanagetoattackstarfish.C.Howstarfishrecoverfromseriousinjuries.D.Howwildanimalssurvivenaturaldisasters.35.WhatdidClaereboudtexpectofthestudy?A.It’llavoidmisunderstandingaboutmolecules.B.It’llchangeourattitudetowardscuteanimals.C.It’llinspirenewideasforhumantissuerepair.D.It’llaskustoputeffortintowildlifeprotection.【答案】32.A33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伦敦玛丽女王大学的研究团队发现了海星自断触手的秘密。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inanactcalledautotomy,starfishdroponeormoreoftheirarmstosurviveattacks.(在一种叫做自切的行为中，海星会切掉一条或更多的触手来生存攻击。)”可知，自切行为是海星的生存技巧。故选A。【33题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“allowingthestarfishtorunawayquickly(让海星迅速逃跑)”并结合句意可知，海星切断自己的身体部位，分散攻击者的注意力，这样海星就能迅速逃跑，由此可知，划线单词意为“分散注意力”，与B项“Drawssomeone’sattention.(吸引某人的注意力)”意思相近，故选B。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Recently,Elphick’steamdiscoveredamolecule(分子)thathelpsstarfishdroptheirarms.Researchersfoundthataneuropeptide(神经肽)calledArSK/CCK1controlsthisprocess.Wheninjectedintostarfish,themoleculecausedsomeofthemtodroptheirarms.(最近，埃尔菲克的团队发现了一种帮助海星掉落触手的分子。研究人员发现，一种名为ArSK/CCK1的肽控制着这一过程。当这种分子被注入海星时，一些海星会掉落它们的触手。)”可知，Elphick的研究发现了海星是如何用自己的触手切断细胞组织的，故选A。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““It’sareallybeautifulstudy,”saidEmilyClaereboudt,abiologistattheUniversityofBergen.“Thestudycanprovideinsightsintosimilarmoleculesinhumans,whichmayeventuallyhelpimprovetissueregeneration.Butthatwouldbealong-termgoal.”(“这是一项非常漂亮的研究，”卑尔根大学的生物学家艾米丽·克莱雷博德特说。“该研究可以提供人类类似分子的见解，最终可能有助于改善组织再生。但这是一个长期目标。”)”可推知，Claereboudt期待这个研究能激发人类组织修复的新想法。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Protectingyouridentityonlineisveryimportant.Inthedigitalage,somedataleaksareoutofourcontrol,likewhencompaniesgethacked.____36____.Herewesharesometomakesureidentitythievesdon’tstealyourpersonalinformation.____37____Keepinganeyeonyourcreditisanimportantwaytomakesurenooneistryingtomesswithyourpersonalfinancial(财务的)information.YoucangetafreecreditreportfromcompanieslikeEquifax,Experian,orTransUnion.Thiswillhelpyouseeifanyoneistryingtouseyourfinancialinformation.BeonthelookoutforunusualstatementsorbillsRegularlylookingatstatementsorbillswillhelpyounoticeifthereissuspicious(可疑的)activityhappeninginanyofyouraccounts.____38____.Catchingfraud(诈骗)earlymakesiteasiertofix.Cutfileswithpersonalinformationintosmallpieces____39____!Instead,tearthesedocumentsintopieces,astheymighthaveyourfullname,phonenumber,address,socialsecuritynumber,bankaccountinformationorotherprivatepersonaldetails.Checkoutthishelpfulguide,anddoitnow.StaysafewhiletravelingIfyouwanttoprotectyouridentityonlinewhiletraveling,takeextrasteps.Letyourbankknowwhereyou’regoingandhowlongyou’llbeawayandaskthepostofficetoholdyourmail.Ifanybillsareduewhileyou’reaway,seeifyoucanplanpaymentsbeforeyouleave.Ifyouneedtopayabillonlinewhileyou’reaway,makesureyou’reconnectedtoasecurewifinetwork.____40____A.CheckyourcreditreportB.Don’treadsomethingthatannoysyouC.StoptalkingaboutyourcompanyonlineD.However,therearemeasuresyoucantaketostaysafeE.Ifyouseesomethingstrange,contactyourbankatonceF.ThesestepswillhelpkeepyourinformationsafeonyourtripG.Don’tthrowfileswithpersonalinformationintothewastepaperbasket【答案】36.D37.A38.E39.G40.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了确保个人网络信息安全的办法。【36题详析】根据空前“Inthedigitalage,somedataleaksareoutofourcontrol,likewhencompaniesgethacked.(在数字时代，有些数据泄露是我们无法控制的，比如当公司被黑客攻击时。)”可知，一些数据泄露是我们无法控制的，下文“Herewesharesometomakesureidentitythievesdon’tstealyourpersonalinformation.(在这里我们分享一些方法来确保身份窃贼不偷走你的个人信息。)”指出有方法来确保安全信息，D项“但是，你可以采取一些措施来保持安全”符合，引起下文，和上文构成转折关系。故选D。【37题详析】此处是本段小标题，根据下文“Keepinganeyeonyourcreditisanimportantwaytomakesurenooneistryingtomesswithyourpersonalfinancial(财务的)information.YoucangetafreecreditreportfromcompanieslikeEquifax,Experian,orTransUnion.Thiswillhelpyouseeifanyoneistryingtouseyourfinancialinformation.(关注你的信用是一个重要的方式，以确保没有人试图破坏你的个人财务信息。你可以从Equifax、Experian或TransUnion等获得免费的信用报告。这将帮助你了解是否有人试图使用你的财务信息。)”可知，本段主要介绍了要检查自己的信用报告，A项“检查你的信用报告”能概括本段内容。故选A。【38题详析】上文“Regularlylookingatstatementsorbillswillhelpyounoticeifthereissuspicious(可疑的)activityhappeninginanyofyouraccounts.(定期查看账单或发票将有助于你发现任何账户中是否有可疑活动。)”指出要定期检查账单或发票看看是否有异常，空处承接上文，指出有异常该怎么办，E项“如果你发现一些异常，请立即联系你的银行”符合。故选E。【39题详析】下文“Instead,tearthesedocumentsintopieces,astheymighthaveyourfullname,phonenumber,address,socialsecuritynumber,bankaccountinformationorotherprivatepersonaldetails.(相反，把这些文件撕碎，因为它们可能有你的全名、电话号码、地址、社会安全号码、银行账户信息或其他私人细节)”指出该如何处理包含个人信息的废文件，Instead是关键信息，空处应该和下文是相反内容，指出处理包含个人信息的废文件的错误做法，G项“不要将包含个人信息的文件扔进废纸篮”符合。故选G。【40题详析】上文“Ifyouwanttoprotectyouridentityonlinewhiletraveling,takeextrasteps.Letyourbankknowwhereyou’regoingandhowlongyou’llbeawayandaskthepostofficetoholdyourmail.Ifanybillsareduewhileyou’reaway,seeifyoucanplanpaymentsbeforeyouleave.Ifyouneedtopayabillonlinewhileyou’reaway,makesureyou’reconnectedtoasecurewifinetwork.(如果你在旅行时想保护自己的网络身份，需要采取额外的措施。告诉你的银行你要去哪里以及你要离开多久，并要求邮局你的邮件。如果你在离开期间有任何账单到期，看看你是否可以在离开前计划好付款。如果你需要在离开期间在线支付账单，请确保连接的是一个安全的wifi网络。)”指出在旅行时保护自己的网络身份，需要采取的额外措施，空处承接上文，指出这些措施的好处，F项“这些步骤将有助于在旅行中保护你的信息安全。”符合。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasaveryhotsummerday,andIwasatwork.Thesunwasshiningbrightly,andIcouldfeelthe____41____eveninsidetheoffice.Whenitwastimeto____42____,Iwalkedtotheparkinglotandwas____43____.Mycarhadaflattire(轮胎)!Ididn’tknowhowto____44____atire,justleavingthetrunk(后备箱)open.Istoodthereforafewminutes,thinkingaboutwhattodo.Ididn’thaveany____45____orexperience,andIwasn’tsurewhotocallforhelp.____46____,Idecidedtogobackinsideandturntoafew____47____forhelp.Butnobodywasintheoffice.Amomentlater,I____48____totheparkinglot.Tomysurprise,thetirewasfixed!Someonehadchangeditforme!Icouldn’tbelievemyeyes.Whowoulddosucha____49____thing?Thenextday