2024-2025学年江西省景德镇市高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省景德镇市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AItisthattimeoftheyear,whenahandfulofworld’sleadingscholars,socialactivistsandresearchersarerewardedwithwhatisoftencitedasthemostprestigiousacknowledgementofhumaneffort-theNobelPrize.Here’salookatwhohaswontheprizeandforwhat.PhysiologyorMedicineSwedishgeneticistSvantePeabowonthefirstNobeloftheyear,forstartingthefieldofancientDNAstudies.Heiswell-knownforextracting,sequencing,andanalyzingancientDNAfromNeanderthalbones.PhysicsAlainAspect,JohnF.ClauserandAntonZeilinger’sworkinquantum(量子)technologylandedthemthesecondNobelPrizeannouncedin2022.AlthoughAspectisfromFrance,ClauserfromtheU.S,andZeilingerfromAustria,thethreeseparatelyperformed“groundbreakingexperiments”asoneteam.“Theirresultshaveclearedthewayfornewtechnology,”thecommitteestated.ChemistryTheNobelPrizeforchemistrywenttoanothertrio,CarolynR.BertozzifromtheU.S.,MortenMeldalfromDenmarkandK.BarrySharplessfromtheU.S.“forthedevelopmentofclickchemistryandbiorthogonalchemistry,”thecommitteestated.Dr.Bertozziistheeighthwomanchemisttobeawardedtheprize,whileDr.SharplessisthefifthscientisttobeawardedtwoNobelPrizes.EconomicsThePrizeinEconomicScienceswasawardedtothreeAmericaneconomists,BenS.Bernanke,DouglasW.DiamondandPhilipH.Dybvig“forresearchonbanksandfinancialcrises,”theNobelPrizecommitteeannouncedonMonday.BystudyingthehistoryofAmericaneconomics,particularlytheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,theyimprovedhowweunderstandtheroleofbanksduringtimesofhardshipandthebank’simpactonsocietalfunctions.1.Whatprizeisrelatedtotheresearchwithbones?A.Chemistry. B.Physiology. C.Economics. D.Physics.2.ForwhatreasonwereBenS.Bernanke,DouglasW.Diamond,andPhilipH.DybvigawardedthePrizeinEconomicSciences?A.FortheirworkinancientDNAstudies B.FortheirworkinquantumtechnologyC.Fortheirresearchonbanksandfinancialcrises D.Forthedevelopmentofclickchemistry3.WhatcanbeinferredfromthearticleabouttheNobelPrizes?A.Allwinnersarefromthesamecountry.B.TheNobelPrizesareonlyawardedtoindividuals,notteams.C.TheNobelPrizeinEconomicSciencesisnotasprestigiousastheothers.D.TheNobelPrizesrecognizesignificantcontributionsacrossvariousfields.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项诺贝尔奖的获得情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据PhysiologyorMedicine中“Heiswell-knownforextracting,sequencing,andanalyzingancientDNAfromNeanderthalbones.(他以从尼安德特人的骨头中提取、测序和分析古代DNA而闻名)”可知，生理学奖项与骨骼研究有关。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ThePrizeinEconomicScienceswasawardedtothreeAmericaneconomists,BenS.Bernanke,DouglasW.DiamondandPhilipH.Dybvig“forresearchonbanksandfinancialcrises,”theNobelPrizecommitteeannouncedonMonday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，经济科学奖授予了三名美国经济学家，分别是BenS.Bernanke、DouglasW.Diamond和PhilipH.Dybvig，以表彰他们“对银行和金融危机的研究”)”可知，BenS.Bernanke,DouglasW.Diamond和PhilipH.Dybvig凭关于银行和金融危机研究获奖。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Itisthattimeoftheyear,whenahandfulofworld’sleadingscholars,socialactivistsandresearchersarerewardedwithwhatisoftencitedasthemostprestigiousacknowledgementofhumaneffort-theNobelPrize.(每年的这个时候，少数世界顶尖的学者、社会活动家和研究人员都会获得诺贝尔奖，这通常被认为是对人类努力的最负盛名的认可)”可知，诺贝尔奖用于表彰各个领域的重大贡献。故选D。BOnasunnyafternoonduringmytriptoSingapore,asimpleyetimpactfuleventunfoldedthathasleftalastingimpressiononme.Iwasenjoyingastrollthroughthebustlingstreets,sippingonarefreshingmilkdrink.AsIfinishedthelastdrop,Ilookedaroundforatrashbintodisposeoftheemptycarton.Spottingarowofbins,Icasuallytossedthecartonintoone,assumingitwastherightplaceforit.However,myactionwasnotasenvironmentallyconsciousasIhadthought.AlocalSingaporean,noticingmymistake,approachedwithapolitesmile.Hebentdown,retrievedthecartonIhaddiscarded,andplaceditintoadifferentbin.Istoodthere,slightlyembarrassed,asheexplainedwithakindgesturethatIhadmistakenlythrownitintothebinfornon-recyclablewaste.Thissmallactwasapowerfullessoninenvironmentalawarenessandtheimportanceoffollowinglocalrecyclingpractices.Itwasahumblingmoment,realizingthatinacity-stateknownforitscleanlinessandorder,everyindividualplaysapartinmaintainingitspristineenvironment.Theman’sactionwasnotascoldingbutaquietdemonstrationofcivicresponsibilityandrespectfortheenvironment.ThisencounterinSingaporewasmorethanjustalessoninrecycling;itwasaturningpointforme.Itinspiredmetobemoreaware,moreresponsible,andmorerespectfulinmytravels.Itwasasmallactthatleftabigimpression,anditwillforeverbeapartofmyjourneytowardsbeingamoreconscientiousglobalcitizen.4.Whatdidtheauthordowiththemilkcartoninitially?A.Herecycleditcorrectly. B.Hekeptitasasouvenir.C.Hethrewitintothewrongtrashbin. D.HegaveittotheSingaporeanman.5.HowdidtheSingaporeanmanreactwhenhesawtheauthor’smistake?A.Hescoldedtheauthorsoftly. B.Heignoredtheauthor’smistake.C.Helaughedattheauthor’smistake. D.Hepolitelycorrectedtheauthor’smistake.6.Whatdoes“civicresponsibility”refertointhepassage?A.Theresponsibilitytotravel. B.Theresponsibilitytodrinkmilk.C.Theresponsibilitytoscoldothers. D.Theresponsibilitytokeepthecityclean.7.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterthisincident?A.Theauthorwasinspiredtobemoreenvironmentallyconsciousandresponsibleinhisactions.B.TheauthorfeltembarrassedanddecidedtoavoidvisitingSingaporeagain.C.Theauthorbecamemoreawareoftheimportanceoffollowinglocalcustomsineverycountry.D.Theauthordecidedtofocusonenjoyinghistravelswithoutworryingaboutenvironmentalissues.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次新加坡之行中，无意将牛奶盒扔错了垃圾桶，一位新加坡男子礼貌地纠正了作者的错误。这件事激励作者在旅行中更有意识、更负责任、更尊重他人。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AsIfinishedthelastdrop,Ilookedaroundforatrashbintodisposeoftheemptycarton.Spottingarowofbins,Icasuallytossedthecartonintoone,assumingitwastherightplaceforit.(当我喝完最后一滴时，我环顾四周，寻找一个垃圾桶来处理空纸盒。看到一排箱子，我随手把纸盒扔进一个箱子里，以为那是放纸盒的合适地方)”以及第二段“However,myactionwasnotasenvironmentallyconsciousasIhadthought.AlocalSingaporean,noticingmymistake,approachedwithapolitesmile.(然而，我的行为并不像我想象的那样具有环保意识。一位当地的新加坡人注意到我的错误，礼貌地微笑着走过来)”可知，作者最初把牛奶盒扔错了垃圾桶。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“AlocalSingaporean,noticingmymistake,approachedwithapolitesmile.Hebentdown,retrievedthecartonIhaddiscarded,andplaceditintoadifferentbin.Istoodthere,slightlyembarrassed,asheexplainedwithakindgesturethatIhadmistakenlythrownitintothebinfornon-recyclablewaste.(一位当地的新加坡人注意到我的错误，礼貌地微笑着走过来。他弯下腰，捡起我丢弃的纸盒，放进另一个箱子里。我站在那里，有点尴尬，他友好地解释说，我错把它扔进了不可回收垃圾的垃圾箱)”可知，当这位新加坡男子看到作者的错误时，他礼貌地纠正了作者的错误。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Itwasahumblingmoment,realizingthatinacity-stateknownforitscleanlinessandorder,everyindividualplaysapartinmaintainingitspristineenvironment.Theman’sactionwasnotascoldingbutaquietdemonstrationofcivicresponsibilityandrespectfortheenvironment.(这是一个令人羞愧的时刻，我意识到，在一个以清洁和秩序闻名的城邦，每个人都在维护其原始环境中发挥着作用。这名男子的行为不是责骂，而是一种公民责任和对环境的尊重的安静表现)”可知，文章中的“公民责任”指的是保持城市清洁的责任。故选D。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Itinspiredmetobemoreaware,moreresponsible,andmorerespectfulinmytravels.Itwasasmallactthatleftabigimpression,anditwillforeverbeapartofmyjourneytowardsbeingamoreconscientiousglobalcitizen.(它激励我在旅行中更有意识、更负责任、更尊重他人。这是一个小小的举动，却给我留下了深刻的印象，它将永远成为我成为一个更有责任心的全球公民的一部分)”可知，事件发生后，作者受到启发，在他的行动中更有环保意识和责任感。故选A。CRobotguidedogsmaysoonbecomeavailabletothe17millionvisuallyimpairedpeopleinChinathankstoresearchersfromNorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity,whoachievedabreakthroughusinganartificialintelligencelanguagemodel.TheAIguidedogcanprovideassistanceinlifesuchascrossingstreets,usingelevatorsandguidingindoorspaceswithouthavingtobeconnectedtotheinternet.Itisabigstepinexploringtheapplicationofinvolvedintelligence—anintelligentmachinewithaphysicalformthatcaninteractwiththeenvironmentinreal-timeusingsensorstoconductinstructionsormakedecisions.Theresearchmakesitpossibletoprovidebetterguidanceservicesforvisuallyimpairedpeople,especiallyforemotionalcompanionship.“Thoughinrecentyearstherehavebeensomeelectronicnavigationaids(导航助手),suchaselectronicnavigationhelmets,navigationcanes,andelectronicguidedogs,theycannotengageinconversationswithpeopleorfullyunderstandhumaninstructions,”saidSunZhe,anassociateprofessorattheuniversity’sSchoolofArtificialIntelligence,OpticsandElectronics,“Theycanonlyperformtasksaccordingtopre-designedprograms.Theyarejustcoldmachines.That’snotenough.Visuallyimpairedpeoplefacenumerouschallengesindailylife,includingnavigationdifficultiesandpossibledangers,butsmartguidedogsusingthelanguagemodelcanofferthemmoreconvenientandsaferguidance,effectivelyimprovingtheirlifequality.”Sunsaid.TheresearchteambegandevelopingthesmartguidedogbasedontheAImodelattheendoflastmonth.ItsfindingshavebeenpublishedintheCommunicationsoftheChineseComputerSociety.“Thecurrentresultsprovethepossibilityofthisapproach,butthereisstillsomewaytogobeforeitcanbeputintopracticalapplication,”Sunsaid.“Wewillputmoreeffortintoitandmakeitavailableforthoseinneedassoonaspossible.”8.WhatassistancecanAI-guidedogsprovide?A.Providereal-timeguidanceindailylife. B.Makeemotionalfacialexpressions.C.Offersuggestionsbasedontheinternet. D.Replaceyoutomakebigdecisions.9.Whatdoesthephrase“coldmachines”refertointhearticle?A.Machinesthatarenotphysicallywarm.B.Machinesthatareoutdatedandineffective.C.Machinesthatareusedincoldenvironments.D.Machinesthatlackemotionalunderstandingandinteraction.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.TheteamhasdevelopedAI-guidedogsforalongtime.B.AI-guidedogshavenotbeenputintoproductionyet.C.Manyscientistsdoubttheteam’sresearchachievements.D.Thereisalackoffundingfortheproject’sresearch.11.Whatisthemainfocusofthearticle?A.Thelimitationsofcurrentnavigationaidsforthevisuallyimpaired.B.ThedevelopmentofAIguidedogsforvisuallyimpairedindividuals.C.Theemotionalchallengesfacedbyvisuallyimpairedpeople.D.Theadvancementsinartificialintelligencetechnology.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了西北工业大学研究人员利用人工智能模型开发智能导盲犬的突破，为视觉障碍者提供更安全、便捷的生活辅助及情感陪伴的可能性。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“TheAIguidedogcanprovideassistanceinlifesuchascrossingstreets,usingelevatorsandguidingindoorspaceswithouthavingtobeconnectedtotheinternet.(这种AI导盲犬可以在日常生活中提供帮助，比如过马路、使用电梯和引导室内行走，而且不需要连接互联网)”可知，AI导盲犬可以在日常生活中提供实时指导。故选A。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中“Theycanonlyperformtasksaccordingtopre-designedprograms.(它们只能根据预设计的程序执行任务)”可知，它们只能根据预先设计的程序执行任务，是“冷漠的机器”。这里的“coldmachines”指的是缺乏情感理解和互动能力的机器。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““Thecurrentresultsprovethepossibilityofthisapproach,butthereisstillsomewaytogobeforeitcanbeputintopracticalapplication,”Sunsaid.(“目前的结果证明了这种方法的可能性，但要将其投入实际应用还有一段路要走，”孙说道)”表明尽管目前的研究成果证明了这种方法的可能性，但距离实际应用还有一段路要走。因此可以推断出AI导盲犬尚未投入生产。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容及文章第一段“Robotguidedogsmaysoonbecomeavailabletothe17millionvisuallyimpairedpeopleinChinathankstoresearchersfromNorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity,whoachievedabreakthroughusinganartificialintelligencelanguagemodel.(得益于西北工业大学研究人员利用人工智能语言模型取得的突破，机器人导盲犬可能很快就会面向中国1700万视障人士提供服务)”可知，全文主要讨论了西北工业大学研究人员开发的一种基于人工智能的语言模型的智能导盲犬，旨在为视障人士提供更好的导航服务，并改善他们的生活质量。文章详细描述了这项技术的优点及其未来的发展潜力。因此，文章的主要焦点是关于为视障人士开发AI导盲犬。故选B。DNewresearchhasfoundalinkbetweentheheightofceilingsinexamhallsandtheperformanceofstudents.Whiletheshapeofaroomcan’tmakeyousmarter,theenvironmentswe’reinhaveaneffectonus.Theauthorsofthestudysuggestthatbigandopenrooms,withhighceilings,makeitharderforstudentstofocusonwhat’sinfrontofthem.Apreviousstudyfromsomeofthesameresearchers,makinguseofbrainmappingtechnologyandvirtualreality,hadfoundarelationshipbetweencognitiveabilityandtheperceivedsizeofaperson’ssurroundings.Here,theteamwantedtodosomereal-worldtesting.“Wewerecurioustoapplyourlabfindingstoareal-worlddatasetandseeifbeinginalargespacewhilehavingtoconcentrateonanimportanttaskwouldresultinapoorerperformance,”saysIsabellaBower.Thestudyanalyzedexamresultsfrom15,400studentsovereightyearsandacrossthreecampusesreferencingtheirscoresagainstwhatwasexpectedbasedonthecourseworkthey’dpreviouslysubmitted.Inexamroomswithhighceilings,studentstendedtounderperformcomparedtothosetakingexamsinroomswitha“standard”ceilingheight,evenafteraccountingforage,gender,time,subjectandpriorexamexperience—otherfactorspotentiallyaffectingtheresults.“Thekeypointisthatlargeroomswithhighceilingsseemtodisadvantagestudentsandweneedtounderstandwhatbrainmechanisms(机制)areatplay,andwhetherthisaffectsallstudentstothesamedegree,”saysBower.Thosearequestionsthatfutureresearchcanfindout.It’sclearthatenvironmentmatters—andthatwemightnotgivestudentsthebestchanceforsuccessbyholdingexamsinroomsthataren’tcustom-builtforthepurpose.“Examinationshavebeenakeypartofoureducationsystemforover1,300years,shapingstudentscareerpathsandlives,”saysJaclynBroadbent.“It’scrucialtorecognizethepotentialimpactofthephysicalenvironmentonstudentperformanceandmakenecessaryadjustmentstoensureallstudentshaveanequalopportunitytosucceed.”12.Whydidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Toprovethatlargeroomshavenoeffectonexamperformance.B.Toapplylabfindingstoareal-worlddatasetandseetheimpact.C.Toshowthatstandardceilingheightisthebestforexamrooms.D.Todemonstratethatthephysicalenvironmenthasnoinfluenceonstudents.13.Whatisfutureresearchexpectedtofindout?A.Whetherexamroomswithhighceilingswilldisadvantagestudents.B.Whetherotherfactorscouldpotentiallyaffecttheresultsofthestudy.C.Whetherstudentsareequallyaffectedinexamroomswithhighceilings.D.Whetherbrainmechanismsaffectstudentsinexamroomswithhighceilings.14.Whatistheauthor’sviewontheimportanceofthephysicalenvironmentinexams?A.Itiscrucialandcanimpactstudentperformancesignificantly.B.Itisimportantbutonlyaffectsafewstudents.C.Itisnotimportantasitdoesnotaffectexamperformance.D.Itisimportantbutonlyinthecontextoflarge,openrooms.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheImpactofRoomShapeonIntelligenceB.TheRoleofPhysicalEnvironmentinEducationC.TheEffectofCeilingHeightonExamPerformanceD.TheImportanceofBrainMechanismsinExamRooms【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，天花板很高的、宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““Wewerecurioustoapplyourlabfindingstoareal-worlddatasetandseeifbeinginalargespacewhilehavingtoconcentrateonanimportanttaskwouldresultinapoorerperformance,”saysIsabellaBower.(伊莎贝拉·鲍尔说：“我们很好奇，想把我们的实验室的发现应用到现实世界的数据集，看看在一个大空间里，同时必须专注于一项重要任务，是否会导致表现变差。”)”可知，研究人员进行这项研究是为了将实验室的发现应用于真实世界的数据集，并观察其影响。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Thekeypointisthatlargeroomswithhighceilingsseemtodisadvantagestudentsandweneedtounderstandwhatbrainmechanisms(机制)areatplay,andwhetherthisaffectsallstudentstothesamedegree(关键是，高天花板的大房间似乎对学生不利，我们需要了解是什么大脑机制在起作用，以及这对所有学生的影响程度是否相同)”以及倒数第二段“Thosearequestionsthatfutureresearchcanfindout.(这些都是未来研究可以发现的问题)”可知，未来的研究有望发现学生在天花板很高的考场是否同样受到影响。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It’sclearthatenvironmentmatters—andthatwemightnotgivestudentsthebestchanceforsuccessbyholdingexamsinroomsthataren’tcustom-builtforthepurpose.(很明显，环境很重要——如果我们在不是专门为考试而建的教室里举行考试，我们可能不会给学生最好的成功机会)”可知，作者认为物理环境在考试中至关重要，可以显著影响学生的表现。故选A。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Newresearchhasfoundalinkbetweentheheightofceilingsinexamhallsandtheperformanceofstudents.(一项新研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现有关)”结合文章主要介绍新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。可知，C选项“天花板高度对考试成绩的影响”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有项为多余选项。Makinggoodeyecontactisasurprisinglydifficultyetimportantpartofgoodcommunicationskills.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourabilitytolookpeopleintheeye,youcanpracticemakingeyecontactonyourowntogivetherightimpressioninconversations.___16___Trytorelaxasmuchaspossible.Themoreyouthinkaboutwhatyou’redoing,themoreawkwardyou’llfeel.Yournervousnesscanthenbemisinterpretedasdishonesty.___17___Ifyou’regoingintoanimportantmeetingorinterview,dosomebreathingexercises.Afewbig,full,deepbreathscandoalottocalmyoudown.___18___It’sactuallyphysicallysomewhatdifficulttokeepyoureyeslockedonbothofanotherperson’seyes.It’smorecommontofocusonone,oronaspotontheface,ratherthantryingtolookatbotheyesatonce.Ifithelps,trymovingbackandforthbetweenthetwoeyes.Breakyourgaze(凝视)tomakeothergestureswhilelistening.___19___Thislooksnaturalaswellasprovidingyouwithaneededbreakifnecessary.Trytokeepyoureyesfocusedwhileyoutalkaswellaslisten.It’sonethingtolookwhileyou’relistening.___20___Don’tbeafraidifyouhavetobreakyourgazeoccasionally,buttrytokeepyourfaceandeyesforwardandupasyou’retalking.A.Focusononeeye.B.Practiceothergoodlisteningskills.C.Sostayingrelaxedisofparticularimportance.D.Trytokeepyoureyesopenasmuchaspossible.E.Doingsocanmakeyouabetterlistenerandamoreeffectivespeaker.F.It’sgoodtobreakeyecontactwhenyou’relaughing,ortonodandsmile.G.Butit’smoredifficulttokeepeyecontactwhileyou’realsotryingtosaysomething.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.F20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在交流中做好眼神交流，包括放松自己、专注于一只眼睛、在倾听时移开视线以及说话和倾听时都要尽量保持眼神专注等技巧。【16题详析】由上文“Makinggoodeyecontactisasurprisinglydifficultyetimportantpartofgoodcommunicationskills.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourabilitytolookpeopleintheeye,youcanpracticemakingeyecontactonyourowntogivetherightimpressioninconversations.(良好的眼神交流是良好沟通技巧中非常困难却又重要的一部分。如果你想提高与人对视的能力，你可以自己练习眼神交流，以便在对话中给人留下正确的印象。)”可知，本空要说跟“练习眼神交流的好处”有关的话题，故E选项“Doingsocanmakeyouabetterlistenerandamoreeffectivespeaker.(这样做可以让你成为一个更好的倾听者和更有效的演讲者)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。【17题详析】由上文“Trytorelaxasmuchaspossible.Themoreyouthinkaboutwhatyou’redoing,themoreawkwardyou’llfeel.Yournervousnesscanthenbemisinterpretedasdishonesty.(尽量放松。你越想自己在做什么，你就会觉得越尴尬。你的紧张可能会被误解为不诚实。)”可知，本空应谈论“不要紧张，要放松”有关的话题，故C选项“Sostayingrelaxedisofparticularimportance.(因此，保持放松尤为重要。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选C。【18题详析】由下文“It’sactuallyphysicallysomewhatdifficulttokeepyoureyeslockedonbothofanotherperson’seyes.It’smorecommontofocusonone,oronaspotontheface,ratherthantryingtolookatbotheyesatonce.Ifithelps,trymovingbackandforthbetweenthetwoeyes.(实际上，从生理上讲，你很难同时盯着另一个人的眼睛。更常见的做法是盯着一只眼睛，或者盯着脸上的某个地方，而不是同时盯着两只眼睛。如果有帮助的话，试着在两只眼睛之间来回移动。)”可知，本空应谈论与“专注于一只眼睛”有关的话题，故A选项“Focusononeeye.(专注于一只眼睛。)”能引起下文，符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】由上文“Breakyourgaze(凝视)tomakeothergestureswhilelistening.(在倾听的时候，把目光移开，做出其他手势。)”可知，本空应谈论与“把目光移开，做出其他手势”有关的话题，故F选项“It’sgoodtobreakeyecontactwhenyou’relaughing,ortonodandsmile.(当你笑的时候，或者点头微笑的时候，移开视线是好的)”能承接上文，符合语境，该选项中的“breakeyecontact”与上文“Breakyourgaze”相呼应。故选F。【20题详析】由上文“Trytokeepyoureyesfocusedwhileyoutalkaswellaslisten.It’sonethingtolookwhileyou’relistening.(当你说话和听的时候，尽量让你的眼睛集中。)”可知，在说话和倾听时都要尽量保持眼神专注，且由下文“Don’tbeafraidifyouhavetobreakyourgazeoccasionally,buttrytokeepyourfaceandeyesforwardandupasyou’retalking.(如果你不得不偶尔打断你的目光，不要害怕，但在你说话的时候，试着让你的脸和眼睛向前和向上。)”可知，本空要谈论“保持眼神专注的困难”有关的话题，故G选项“Butit’smoredifficulttokeepeyecontactwhileyou’realsotryingtosaysomething(但是当你也想说些什么的时候，保持眼神交流就更难了)”能承上启下，符合语境，该选项中的“keepeyecontact”与上文“keepyoureyesfocused”相呼应，且“moredifficult”与上文形成转折关系，突出了说话的同时保持眼神交流更难。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SPACE,thefinalfrontier,thestuffofdreams.Yet,inreality,aplacethatisfilledwith___21___andsometimestragedy(悲剧).Thistime,itslegendarytaleis___22___byBritishastronautTimPeakeinhisbookSpace:Thehumanstory.Itisaboutthe___23___experienceandthe“unusualnormalityofwhatwetryandmakeoutourjobtobe——it’s___24___peopledoingextraordinaryjobs”,saysPeake,___25___anambassadorfortheEuropeanSpaceAgency.Themainimageofonephotoincludedinthisbook___26___thebiggestfeat(壮举)sofar:the___27___moonlandingon20July1969.Thisisnottherepresentative___28___ofNeilArmstrong’sfirststeps,___29___amorecandidpicture(takenbyArmstrong)ofBuzzAldrinwalkingacrossthelunarsurface.Fourdaysearlier,theApollo11mission____30____themoon,asastrikingimageofitslaunchshows.Toitsleft,EdWhitecanbeseenspacewalkingduringtheGemini4missioninJune1965,whichsawhimfloatingroughly150kilometers____31____Earth.EdWhiteandastronautsGusGrissomandRogerChaffeweresettocrewtheApollo1mission,apredecessor(前身)ofApollo11thatwas____32____tolaunchintoorbitaroundEarthinFebruary1967.Theimageattopleftshowsthemduringcapsuletraining.____33____,allthreediedon27January1967,afterafirebrokeoutduringatest.Thinkingofthe____34____,Peakesays:“We’relookingatestablishingalunarstationandsteppingstonestoMars.AstheISS(InternationalSpaceStation)comestoitsretirement,itfeltliketherighttimeto____35____thewholestoryuptodate.”21.A.gravity B.options C.risks D.desire22.A.forgotten B.noticed C.remembered D.told23.A.rollercoaster B.rollerskating C.honorroll D.rock&roll24.A.attractive B.ethnic C.ordinary D.native25.A.absolutely B.currently C.definitely D.typically26.A.attaches B.complains C.gathers D.features27.A.fatal B.final C.first D.funny28.A.script B.ceremony C.element D.shot29.A.but B.therefore C.however D.otherwise30.A.hopedfor B.longedfor C.providedfor D.setofffor31.A.above B.besides C.aside D.behind32.A.admitted B.chosen C.intended D.pursued33.A.Unusually B.Unfortunately C.Unfairly D.Uncertainly34.A.future B.competitions C.scenery D.tradition35.A.give B.bring C.make D.take【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.C28.D29.A30.D31.A32.C33.B34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国宇航员TimPeake在他的书籍Space:Thehumanstory中，对太空探索的传奇故事进行了叙述。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在现实中，这个地方充满了风险，有时甚至是悲剧。A.gravity重力；B.options选择；C.risks风险；D.desire渴望。根据下文“andsometimestragedy”可知，这个地方是充满风险的。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，英国宇航员TimPeake在他的Space:Thehumanstory一书中讲述了它的传奇故事。A.forgotten忘记；B.noticed注意到；C.remembered记得；D.told讲述。根据上文“itslegendarytale”和下文“byBritishastronautTimPeakeinhisbookSpace:Thehumanstory”可知，英国宇航员TimPeake讲述这个故事。故选D。【23题详析】考查名词短语辨析。句意：目前担任EuropeanSpaceAgency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A.rollercoaster过山车；B.rollerskating滑旱冰；C.honorroll荣誉榜；D.rock&roll摇滚。根据第一段“aplacethatisfilledwithrisksandsometimestragedy”可知，太空中风险很多，所以在太空中就像是坐过山车一样，故选A。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前担任EuropeanSpaceAgency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A.attractive有吸引力的；B.ethnic民族的；C.ordinary普通的；D.native本地的。根据下文“peopledoingextraordinaryjobs”可知，此处是指普通人做不平凡的工作。故选C。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前担任EuropeanSpaceAgency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A.absolutely绝对地，完全地；B.currently目前；C.definitely肯定地，当然；D.typically典型地。根据下文“anambassadorfortheEuropeanSpaceAgency”可知，Peake目前是EuropeanSpaceAgency的大使。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书中包含的一张照片的主图像展示了迄今为止最伟大的壮举：1969年7月20日人类首次登月。A.attaches粘，贴；B.complains抱怨；C.gathers聚集；D.features特写。根据上文“Themainimageofonephoto”和下文“thebiggestfeat”可知，那张照片是对那次伟大壮举的特写。故选D。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本书中包含的一张照片的主图像展示了迄今为止最伟大的壮举：1969年7月20日人类首次登月。A.fatal致命的；B.final最后的；C.first第一次的；D.funny有趣的。根据下文“on20July1969”和历史知识可知，1969年7月20日人类首次登月，空格处意为“第一次的”。故选C。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是NeilArmstrong迈出第一步的代表性照片，而是BuzzAldrin在月球表面行走的一张更像是被偷拍的照片（由NeilArmstrong拍摄）。A.script剧本，讲稿；B.ceremony仪式，典礼；C.element元素；D.shot照片、镜头。根据上文“Themainimageofonephoto”可知，此处是说这不是NeilArmstrong迈出第一步的代表性照片。故选D。【29题详析】考查连词/副词词义辨析。句意：这不是NeilArmstrong迈出第一步的代表性照片，而是BuzzAldrin在月球表面行走的一张更像是被偷拍的照片（由NeilArmstrong拍摄）。A.but但是；B.therefore因此；C.however然而；D.otherwise否则。根据上文“ofNeilArmstrong’sfirststeps”和下文“amorecandidpicture(takenbyArmstrong)ofBuzzAldrinwalkingacrossthelunarsurface”可知，前后两句是转折关系，空格处用but。注意however虽表转折，但空后要有逗号，故选A。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：4天前，阿波罗11号登月任务出发了，这是一张引人注目的发射照片。A.hopedfor希望；B.longedfor渴望；C.providedfor供养，赡养；D.setofffor出发前往。根据上文“theApollo11mission”和下文“themoon”可知，阿波罗11号是出发前往月球。故选D。【31题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：在照片的左边，可以看到EdWhite在1965年6月的双子座4号任务中进行太空行走，当时他漂浮在地球上空大约150公里处。A.above在……上方；B.besides除……之外（还）；C.aside在旁边；D.behind在……后面。根据上文“EdWhitecanbeseenspacewalking”可知，此处是指他在地球上方行走。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：EdWhite和宇航员GusGrissom和RogerChaffe被安排参加阿波罗1号任务，这是阿波罗11号的前身，计划于1967年2月发射进入地球轨道。A.admitted承认；B.chosen选择；C.intended计划；D.pursued追求。根据下文“tolaunchintoorbitaroundEarthinFebruary1967”可知，阿波罗1号任务计划于1967年2月发射进入地球轨道。故选C。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，1967年1月27日，在一次试验过程中发生火灾后，这三人全部遇难。A.Unusually通常；B.Unfortunately不幸的是；C.Unfairly不公平地；D.Uncertainly不确定地。根据下文“allthreediedon27January1967”可知，三个都死了，这是不幸的事情。故选B。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到未来，Peake说：“我们正在考虑建立一个月球站，成为通往火星的垫脚石。随着国际空间站（ISS）即将退役，我觉得现在是时候把整个故事更新了。”A.future将来；B.competitions竞争；C.scenery风景；D.tradition传统。根据下文“We’relookingatestablishingalunarstationandsteppingstonestoMars”可知，这是Peake对未来的展望，空格处意为“未来”。故选A。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到未来，Peake说：“我们正在考虑建立一个月球站，成为通往火星的垫脚石。随着国际空间站（ISS）即将退役，我觉得现在是时候把整个故事更新了。”A.give给；B.bring带来，使处于某种状况；C.make制作；D.take拿走。根据上文“We’relookingatesta